vpx/vp9/encoder/vp9_encoder.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2010 The WebM project authors. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 *  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
 *  that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
 *  tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
 *  in the file PATENTS.  All contributing project authors may
 *  be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
 */

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>

#include "./vp9_rtcd.h"
#include "./vpx_config.h"
#include "./vpx_dsp_rtcd.h"
#include "./vpx_scale_rtcd.h"
#include "vpx_dsp/psnr.h"
#include "vpx_dsp/vpx_dsp_common.h"
#include "vpx_dsp/vpx_filter.h"
#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
#include "vpx_dsp/ssim.h"
#endif
#include "vpx_ports/mem.h"
#include "vpx_ports/system_state.h"
#include "vpx_ports/vpx_timer.h"

#include "vp9/common/vp9_alloccommon.h"
#include "vp9/common/vp9_filter.h"
#include "vp9/common/vp9_idct.h"
#if CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC
#include "vp9/common/vp9_postproc.h"
#endif
#include "vp9/common/vp9_reconinter.h"
#include "vp9/common/vp9_reconintra.h"
#include "vp9/common/vp9_tile_common.h"

#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_alt_ref_aq.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_aq_360.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_aq_complexity.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_aq_cyclicrefresh.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_aq_variance.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_bitstream.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_context_tree.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_encodeframe.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_encodemv.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_encoder.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_extend.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_ethread.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_firstpass.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_mbgraph.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_multi_thread.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_noise_estimate.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_picklpf.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_ratectrl.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_rd.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_resize.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_segmentation.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_skin_detection.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_speed_features.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_svc_layercontext.h"
#include "vp9/encoder/vp9_temporal_filter.h"

#define AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE 7
#define AM_SEGMENT_ID_ACTIVE 0

#define ALTREF_HIGH_PRECISION_MV 1     // Whether to use high precision mv
                                       //  for altref computation.
#define HIGH_PRECISION_MV_QTHRESH 200  // Q threshold for high precision
                                       // mv. Choose a very high value for
                                       // now so that HIGH_PRECISION is always
                                       // chosen.
// #define OUTPUT_YUV_REC

#define FRAME_SIZE_FACTOR 128  // empirical params for context model threshold
#define FRAME_RATE_FACTOR 8

#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_DENOISED
FILE *yuv_denoised_file = NULL;
#endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_SKINMAP
static FILE *yuv_skinmap_file = NULL;
#endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_REC
FILE *yuv_rec_file;
#endif

#if 0
FILE *framepsnr;
FILE *kf_list;
FILE *keyfile;
#endif

#ifdef ENABLE_KF_DENOISE
// Test condition for spatial denoise of source.
static int is_spatial_denoise_enabled(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;

  return (oxcf->pass != 1) && !is_lossless_requested(&cpi->oxcf) &&
         frame_is_intra_only(cm);
}
#endif

// compute adaptive threshold for skip recoding
static int compute_context_model_thresh(const VP9_COMP *const cpi) {
  const VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
  const int frame_size = (cm->width * cm->height) >> 10;
  const int bitrate = (int)(oxcf->target_bandwidth >> 10);
  const int qindex_factor = cm->base_qindex + (MAXQ >> 1);

  // This equation makes the threshold adaptive to frame size.
  // Coding gain obtained by recoding comes from alternate frames of large
  // content change. We skip recoding if the difference of previous and current
  // frame context probability model is less than a certain threshold.
  // The first component is the most critical part to guarantee adaptivity.
  // Other parameters are estimated based on normal setting of hd resolution
  // parameters. e.g frame_size = 1920x1080, bitrate = 8000, qindex_factor < 50
  const int thresh =
      ((FRAME_SIZE_FACTOR * frame_size - FRAME_RATE_FACTOR * bitrate) *
       qindex_factor) >>
      9;

  return thresh;
}

// compute the total cost difference between current
// and previous frame context prob model.
static int compute_context_model_diff(const VP9_COMMON *const cm) {
  const FRAME_CONTEXT *const pre_fc =
      &cm->frame_contexts[cm->frame_context_idx];
  const FRAME_CONTEXT *const cur_fc = cm->fc;
  const FRAME_COUNTS *counts = &cm->counts;
  vpx_prob pre_last_prob, cur_last_prob;
  int diff = 0;
  int i, j, k, l, m, n;

  // y_mode_prob
  for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZE_GROUPS; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < INTRA_MODES - 1; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->y_mode[i][j] *
              (pre_fc->y_mode_prob[i][j] - cur_fc->y_mode_prob[i][j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->y_mode_prob[i][INTRA_MODES - 2];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->y_mode_prob[i][INTRA_MODES - 2];

    diff += (int)counts->y_mode[i][INTRA_MODES - 1] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // uv_mode_prob
  for (i = 0; i < INTRA_MODES; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < INTRA_MODES - 1; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->uv_mode[i][j] *
              (pre_fc->uv_mode_prob[i][j] - cur_fc->uv_mode_prob[i][j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->uv_mode_prob[i][INTRA_MODES - 2];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->uv_mode_prob[i][INTRA_MODES - 2];

    diff += (int)counts->uv_mode[i][INTRA_MODES - 1] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // partition_prob
  for (i = 0; i < PARTITION_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < PARTITION_TYPES - 1; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->partition[i][j] *
              (pre_fc->partition_prob[i][j] - cur_fc->partition_prob[i][j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->partition_prob[i][PARTITION_TYPES - 2];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->partition_prob[i][PARTITION_TYPES - 2];

    diff += (int)counts->partition[i][PARTITION_TYPES - 1] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // coef_probs
  for (i = 0; i < TX_SIZES; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < PLANE_TYPES; ++j) {
      for (k = 0; k < REF_TYPES; ++k) {
        for (l = 0; l < COEF_BANDS; ++l) {
          for (m = 0; m < BAND_COEFF_CONTEXTS(l); ++m) {
            for (n = 0; n < UNCONSTRAINED_NODES; ++n) {
              diff += (int)counts->coef[i][j][k][l][m][n] *
                      (pre_fc->coef_probs[i][j][k][l][m][n] -
                       cur_fc->coef_probs[i][j][k][l][m][n]);
            }

            pre_last_prob =
                MAX_PROB -
                pre_fc->coef_probs[i][j][k][l][m][UNCONSTRAINED_NODES - 1];
            cur_last_prob =
                MAX_PROB -
                cur_fc->coef_probs[i][j][k][l][m][UNCONSTRAINED_NODES - 1];

            diff += (int)counts->coef[i][j][k][l][m][UNCONSTRAINED_NODES] *
                    (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // switchable_interp_prob
  for (i = 0; i < SWITCHABLE_FILTER_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < SWITCHABLE_FILTERS - 1; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->switchable_interp[i][j] *
              (pre_fc->switchable_interp_prob[i][j] -
               cur_fc->switchable_interp_prob[i][j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob =
        MAX_PROB - pre_fc->switchable_interp_prob[i][SWITCHABLE_FILTERS - 2];
    cur_last_prob =
        MAX_PROB - cur_fc->switchable_interp_prob[i][SWITCHABLE_FILTERS - 2];

    diff += (int)counts->switchable_interp[i][SWITCHABLE_FILTERS - 1] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // inter_mode_probs
  for (i = 0; i < INTER_MODE_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < INTER_MODES - 1; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->inter_mode[i][j] *
              (pre_fc->inter_mode_probs[i][j] - cur_fc->inter_mode_probs[i][j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->inter_mode_probs[i][INTER_MODES - 2];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->inter_mode_probs[i][INTER_MODES - 2];

    diff += (int)counts->inter_mode[i][INTER_MODES - 1] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // intra_inter_prob
  for (i = 0; i < INTRA_INTER_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    diff += (int)counts->intra_inter[i][0] *
            (pre_fc->intra_inter_prob[i] - cur_fc->intra_inter_prob[i]);

    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->intra_inter_prob[i];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->intra_inter_prob[i];

    diff += (int)counts->intra_inter[i][1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // comp_inter_prob
  for (i = 0; i < COMP_INTER_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    diff += (int)counts->comp_inter[i][0] *
            (pre_fc->comp_inter_prob[i] - cur_fc->comp_inter_prob[i]);

    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->comp_inter_prob[i];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->comp_inter_prob[i];

    diff += (int)counts->comp_inter[i][1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // single_ref_prob
  for (i = 0; i < REF_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < 2; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->single_ref[i][j][0] *
              (pre_fc->single_ref_prob[i][j] - cur_fc->single_ref_prob[i][j]);

      pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->single_ref_prob[i][j];
      cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->single_ref_prob[i][j];

      diff +=
          (int)counts->single_ref[i][j][1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
    }
  }

  // comp_ref_prob
  for (i = 0; i < REF_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    diff += (int)counts->comp_ref[i][0] *
            (pre_fc->comp_ref_prob[i] - cur_fc->comp_ref_prob[i]);

    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->comp_ref_prob[i];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->comp_ref_prob[i];

    diff += (int)counts->comp_ref[i][1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // tx_probs
  for (i = 0; i < TX_SIZE_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    // p32x32
    for (j = 0; j < TX_SIZES - 1; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->tx.p32x32[i][j] *
              (pre_fc->tx_probs.p32x32[i][j] - cur_fc->tx_probs.p32x32[i][j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->tx_probs.p32x32[i][TX_SIZES - 2];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->tx_probs.p32x32[i][TX_SIZES - 2];

    diff += (int)counts->tx.p32x32[i][TX_SIZES - 1] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);

    // p16x16
    for (j = 0; j < TX_SIZES - 2; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->tx.p16x16[i][j] *
              (pre_fc->tx_probs.p16x16[i][j] - cur_fc->tx_probs.p16x16[i][j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->tx_probs.p16x16[i][TX_SIZES - 3];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->tx_probs.p16x16[i][TX_SIZES - 3];

    diff += (int)counts->tx.p16x16[i][TX_SIZES - 2] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);

    // p8x8
    for (j = 0; j < TX_SIZES - 3; ++j) {
      diff += (int)counts->tx.p8x8[i][j] *
              (pre_fc->tx_probs.p8x8[i][j] - cur_fc->tx_probs.p8x8[i][j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->tx_probs.p8x8[i][TX_SIZES - 4];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->tx_probs.p8x8[i][TX_SIZES - 4];

    diff +=
        (int)counts->tx.p8x8[i][TX_SIZES - 3] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // skip_probs
  for (i = 0; i < SKIP_CONTEXTS; ++i) {
    diff += (int)counts->skip[i][0] *
            (pre_fc->skip_probs[i] - cur_fc->skip_probs[i]);

    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->skip_probs[i];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->skip_probs[i];

    diff += (int)counts->skip[i][1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  // mv
  for (i = 0; i < MV_JOINTS - 1; ++i) {
    diff += (int)counts->mv.joints[i] *
            (pre_fc->nmvc.joints[i] - cur_fc->nmvc.joints[i]);
  }
  pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_fc->nmvc.joints[MV_JOINTS - 2];
  cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_fc->nmvc.joints[MV_JOINTS - 2];

  diff +=
      (int)counts->mv.joints[MV_JOINTS - 1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);

  for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
    const nmv_component_counts *nmv_count = &counts->mv.comps[i];
    const nmv_component *pre_nmv_prob = &pre_fc->nmvc.comps[i];
    const nmv_component *cur_nmv_prob = &cur_fc->nmvc.comps[i];

    // sign
    diff += (int)nmv_count->sign[0] * (pre_nmv_prob->sign - cur_nmv_prob->sign);

    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_nmv_prob->sign;
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_nmv_prob->sign;

    diff += (int)nmv_count->sign[1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);

    // classes
    for (j = 0; j < MV_CLASSES - 1; ++j) {
      diff += (int)nmv_count->classes[j] *
              (pre_nmv_prob->classes[j] - cur_nmv_prob->classes[j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_nmv_prob->classes[MV_CLASSES - 2];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_nmv_prob->classes[MV_CLASSES - 2];

    diff += (int)nmv_count->classes[MV_CLASSES - 1] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);

    // class0
    for (j = 0; j < CLASS0_SIZE - 1; ++j) {
      diff += (int)nmv_count->class0[j] *
              (pre_nmv_prob->class0[j] - cur_nmv_prob->class0[j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_nmv_prob->class0[CLASS0_SIZE - 2];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_nmv_prob->class0[CLASS0_SIZE - 2];

    diff += (int)nmv_count->class0[CLASS0_SIZE - 1] *
            (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);

    // bits
    for (j = 0; j < MV_OFFSET_BITS; ++j) {
      diff += (int)nmv_count->bits[j][0] *
              (pre_nmv_prob->bits[j] - cur_nmv_prob->bits[j]);

      pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_nmv_prob->bits[j];
      cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_nmv_prob->bits[j];

      diff += (int)nmv_count->bits[j][1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
    }

    // class0_fp
    for (j = 0; j < CLASS0_SIZE; ++j) {
      for (k = 0; k < MV_FP_SIZE - 1; ++k) {
        diff += (int)nmv_count->class0_fp[j][k] *
                (pre_nmv_prob->class0_fp[j][k] - cur_nmv_prob->class0_fp[j][k]);
      }
      pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_nmv_prob->class0_fp[j][MV_FP_SIZE - 2];
      cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_nmv_prob->class0_fp[j][MV_FP_SIZE - 2];

      diff += (int)nmv_count->class0_fp[j][MV_FP_SIZE - 1] *
              (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
    }

    // fp
    for (j = 0; j < MV_FP_SIZE - 1; ++j) {
      diff +=
          (int)nmv_count->fp[j] * (pre_nmv_prob->fp[j] - cur_nmv_prob->fp[j]);
    }
    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_nmv_prob->fp[MV_FP_SIZE - 2];
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_nmv_prob->fp[MV_FP_SIZE - 2];

    diff +=
        (int)nmv_count->fp[MV_FP_SIZE - 1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);

    // class0_hp
    diff += (int)nmv_count->class0_hp[0] *
            (pre_nmv_prob->class0_hp - cur_nmv_prob->class0_hp);

    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_nmv_prob->class0_hp;
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_nmv_prob->class0_hp;

    diff += (int)nmv_count->class0_hp[1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);

    // hp
    diff += (int)nmv_count->hp[0] * (pre_nmv_prob->hp - cur_nmv_prob->hp);

    pre_last_prob = MAX_PROB - pre_nmv_prob->hp;
    cur_last_prob = MAX_PROB - cur_nmv_prob->hp;

    diff += (int)nmv_count->hp[1] * (pre_last_prob - cur_last_prob);
  }

  return -diff;
}

// Test for whether to calculate metrics for the frame.
static int is_psnr_calc_enabled(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;

  return cpi->b_calculate_psnr && (oxcf->pass != 1) && cm->show_frame;
}

/* clang-format off */
const Vp9LevelSpec vp9_level_defs[VP9_LEVELS] = {
  { LEVEL_1,   829440,      36864,    200,    400,    2, 1,  4,  8 },
  { LEVEL_1_1, 2764800,     73728,    800,    1000,   2, 1,  4,  8 },
  { LEVEL_2,   4608000,     122880,   1800,   1500,   2, 1,  4,  8 },
  { LEVEL_2_1, 9216000,     245760,   3600,   2800,   2, 2,  4,  8 },
  { LEVEL_3,   20736000,    552960,   7200,   6000,   2, 4,  4,  8 },
  { LEVEL_3_1, 36864000,    983040,   12000,  10000,  2, 4,  4,  8 },
  { LEVEL_4,   83558400,    2228224,  18000,  16000,  4, 4,  4,  8 },
  { LEVEL_4_1, 160432128,   2228224,  30000,  18000,  4, 4,  5,  6 },
  { LEVEL_5,   311951360,   8912896,  60000,  36000,  6, 8,  6,  4 },
  { LEVEL_5_1, 588251136,   8912896,  120000, 46000,  8, 8,  10, 4 },
  // TODO(huisu): update max_cpb_size for level 5_2 ~ 6_2 when
  // they are finalized (currently tentative).
  { LEVEL_5_2, 1176502272,  8912896,  180000, 90000,  8, 8,  10, 4 },
  { LEVEL_6,   1176502272,  35651584, 180000, 90000,  8, 16, 10, 4 },
  { LEVEL_6_1, 2353004544u, 35651584, 240000, 180000, 8, 16, 10, 4 },
  { LEVEL_6_2, 4706009088u, 35651584, 480000, 360000, 8, 16, 10, 4 },
};
/* clang-format on */

static const char *level_fail_messages[TARGET_LEVEL_FAIL_IDS] =
    { "The average bit-rate is too high.",
      "The picture size is too large.",
      "The luma sample rate is too large.",
      "The CPB size is too large.",
      "The compression ratio is too small",
      "Too many column tiles are used.",
      "The alt-ref distance is too small.",
      "Too many reference buffers are used." };

static INLINE void Scale2Ratio(VPX_SCALING mode, int *hr, int *hs) {
  switch (mode) {
    case NORMAL:
      *hr = 1;
      *hs = 1;
      break;
    case FOURFIVE:
      *hr = 4;
      *hs = 5;
      break;
    case THREEFIVE:
      *hr = 3;
      *hs = 5;
      break;
    case ONETWO:
      *hr = 1;
      *hs = 2;
      break;
    default:
      *hr = 1;
      *hs = 1;
      assert(0);
      break;
  }
}

// Mark all inactive blocks as active. Other segmentation features may be set
// so memset cannot be used, instead only inactive blocks should be reset.
static void suppress_active_map(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  unsigned char *const seg_map = cpi->segmentation_map;

  if (cpi->active_map.enabled || cpi->active_map.update) {
    const int rows = cpi->common.mi_rows;
    const int cols = cpi->common.mi_cols;
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < rows * cols; ++i)
      if (seg_map[i] == AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE)
        seg_map[i] = AM_SEGMENT_ID_ACTIVE;
  }
}

static void apply_active_map(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  struct segmentation *const seg = &cpi->common.seg;
  unsigned char *const seg_map = cpi->segmentation_map;
  const unsigned char *const active_map = cpi->active_map.map;
  int i;

  assert(AM_SEGMENT_ID_ACTIVE == CR_SEGMENT_ID_BASE);

  if (frame_is_intra_only(&cpi->common)) {
    cpi->active_map.enabled = 0;
    cpi->active_map.update = 1;
  }

  if (cpi->active_map.update) {
    if (cpi->active_map.enabled) {
      for (i = 0; i < cpi->common.mi_rows * cpi->common.mi_cols; ++i)
        if (seg_map[i] == AM_SEGMENT_ID_ACTIVE) seg_map[i] = active_map[i];
      vp9_enable_segmentation(seg);
      vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE, SEG_LVL_SKIP);
      vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE, SEG_LVL_ALT_LF);
      // Setting the data to -MAX_LOOP_FILTER will result in the computed loop
      // filter level being zero regardless of the value of seg->abs_delta.
      vp9_set_segdata(seg, AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE, SEG_LVL_ALT_LF,
                      -MAX_LOOP_FILTER);
    } else {
      vp9_disable_segfeature(seg, AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE, SEG_LVL_SKIP);
      vp9_disable_segfeature(seg, AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE, SEG_LVL_ALT_LF);
      if (seg->enabled) {
        seg->update_data = 1;
        seg->update_map = 1;
      }
    }
    cpi->active_map.update = 0;
  }
}

static void init_level_info(Vp9LevelInfo *level_info) {
  Vp9LevelStats *const level_stats = &level_info->level_stats;
  Vp9LevelSpec *const level_spec = &level_info->level_spec;

  memset(level_stats, 0, sizeof(*level_stats));
  memset(level_spec, 0, sizeof(*level_spec));
  level_spec->level = LEVEL_UNKNOWN;
  level_spec->min_altref_distance = INT_MAX;
}

VP9_LEVEL vp9_get_level(const Vp9LevelSpec *const level_spec) {
  int i;
  const Vp9LevelSpec *this_level;

  vpx_clear_system_state();

  for (i = 0; i < VP9_LEVELS; ++i) {
    this_level = &vp9_level_defs[i];
    if ((double)level_spec->max_luma_sample_rate >
            (double)this_level->max_luma_sample_rate *
                (1 + SAMPLE_RATE_GRACE_P) ||
        level_spec->max_luma_picture_size > this_level->max_luma_picture_size ||
        level_spec->average_bitrate > this_level->average_bitrate ||
        level_spec->max_cpb_size > this_level->max_cpb_size ||
        level_spec->compression_ratio < this_level->compression_ratio ||
        level_spec->max_col_tiles > this_level->max_col_tiles ||
        level_spec->min_altref_distance < this_level->min_altref_distance ||
        level_spec->max_ref_frame_buffers > this_level->max_ref_frame_buffers)
      continue;
    break;
  }
  return (i == VP9_LEVELS) ? LEVEL_UNKNOWN : vp9_level_defs[i].level;
}

int vp9_set_active_map(VP9_COMP *cpi, unsigned char *new_map_16x16, int rows,
                       int cols) {
  if (rows == cpi->common.mb_rows && cols == cpi->common.mb_cols) {
    unsigned char *const active_map_8x8 = cpi->active_map.map;
    const int mi_rows = cpi->common.mi_rows;
    const int mi_cols = cpi->common.mi_cols;
    cpi->active_map.update = 1;
    if (new_map_16x16) {
      int r, c;
      for (r = 0; r < mi_rows; ++r) {
        for (c = 0; c < mi_cols; ++c) {
          active_map_8x8[r * mi_cols + c] =
              new_map_16x16[(r >> 1) * cols + (c >> 1)]
                  ? AM_SEGMENT_ID_ACTIVE
                  : AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE;
        }
      }
      cpi->active_map.enabled = 1;
    } else {
      cpi->active_map.enabled = 0;
    }
    return 0;
  } else {
    return -1;
  }
}

int vp9_get_active_map(VP9_COMP *cpi, unsigned char *new_map_16x16, int rows,
                       int cols) {
  if (rows == cpi->common.mb_rows && cols == cpi->common.mb_cols &&
      new_map_16x16) {
    unsigned char *const seg_map_8x8 = cpi->segmentation_map;
    const int mi_rows = cpi->common.mi_rows;
    const int mi_cols = cpi->common.mi_cols;
    memset(new_map_16x16, !cpi->active_map.enabled, rows * cols);
    if (cpi->active_map.enabled) {
      int r, c;
      for (r = 0; r < mi_rows; ++r) {
        for (c = 0; c < mi_cols; ++c) {
          // Cyclic refresh segments are considered active despite not having
          // AM_SEGMENT_ID_ACTIVE
          new_map_16x16[(r >> 1) * cols + (c >> 1)] |=
              seg_map_8x8[r * mi_cols + c] != AM_SEGMENT_ID_INACTIVE;
        }
      }
    }
    return 0;
  } else {
    return -1;
  }
}

void vp9_set_high_precision_mv(VP9_COMP *cpi, int allow_high_precision_mv) {
  MACROBLOCK *const mb = &cpi->td.mb;
  cpi->common.allow_high_precision_mv = allow_high_precision_mv;
  if (cpi->common.allow_high_precision_mv) {
    mb->mvcost = mb->nmvcost_hp;
    mb->mvsadcost = mb->nmvsadcost_hp;
  } else {
    mb->mvcost = mb->nmvcost;
    mb->mvsadcost = mb->nmvsadcost;
  }
}

static void setup_frame(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  // Set up entropy context depending on frame type. The decoder mandates
  // the use of the default context, index 0, for keyframes and inter
  // frames where the error_resilient_mode or intra_only flag is set. For
  // other inter-frames the encoder currently uses only two contexts;
  // context 1 for ALTREF frames and context 0 for the others.
  if (frame_is_intra_only(cm) || cm->error_resilient_mode) {
    vp9_setup_past_independence(cm);
  } else {
    if (!cpi->use_svc) cm->frame_context_idx = cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame;
  }

  if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) {
    if (!is_two_pass_svc(cpi)) cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 1;
    cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 1;
    vp9_zero(cpi->interp_filter_selected);
  } else {
    *cm->fc = cm->frame_contexts[cm->frame_context_idx];
    vp9_zero(cpi->interp_filter_selected[0]);
  }
}

static void vp9_enc_setup_mi(VP9_COMMON *cm) {
  int i;
  cm->mi = cm->mip + cm->mi_stride + 1;
  memset(cm->mip, 0, cm->mi_stride * (cm->mi_rows + 1) * sizeof(*cm->mip));
  cm->prev_mi = cm->prev_mip + cm->mi_stride + 1;
  // Clear top border row
  memset(cm->prev_mip, 0, sizeof(*cm->prev_mip) * cm->mi_stride);
  // Clear left border column
  for (i = 1; i < cm->mi_rows + 1; ++i)
    memset(&cm->prev_mip[i * cm->mi_stride], 0, sizeof(*cm->prev_mip));

  cm->mi_grid_visible = cm->mi_grid_base + cm->mi_stride + 1;
  cm->prev_mi_grid_visible = cm->prev_mi_grid_base + cm->mi_stride + 1;

  memset(cm->mi_grid_base, 0,
         cm->mi_stride * (cm->mi_rows + 1) * sizeof(*cm->mi_grid_base));
}

static int vp9_enc_alloc_mi(VP9_COMMON *cm, int mi_size) {
  cm->mip = vpx_calloc(mi_size, sizeof(*cm->mip));
  if (!cm->mip) return 1;
  cm->prev_mip = vpx_calloc(mi_size, sizeof(*cm->prev_mip));
  if (!cm->prev_mip) return 1;
  cm->mi_alloc_size = mi_size;

  cm->mi_grid_base = (MODE_INFO **)vpx_calloc(mi_size, sizeof(MODE_INFO *));
  if (!cm->mi_grid_base) return 1;
  cm->prev_mi_grid_base =
      (MODE_INFO **)vpx_calloc(mi_size, sizeof(MODE_INFO *));
  if (!cm->prev_mi_grid_base) return 1;

  return 0;
}

static void vp9_enc_free_mi(VP9_COMMON *cm) {
  vpx_free(cm->mip);
  cm->mip = NULL;
  vpx_free(cm->prev_mip);
  cm->prev_mip = NULL;
  vpx_free(cm->mi_grid_base);
  cm->mi_grid_base = NULL;
  vpx_free(cm->prev_mi_grid_base);
  cm->prev_mi_grid_base = NULL;
}

static void vp9_swap_mi_and_prev_mi(VP9_COMMON *cm) {
  // Current mip will be the prev_mip for the next frame.
  MODE_INFO **temp_base = cm->prev_mi_grid_base;
  MODE_INFO *temp = cm->prev_mip;
  cm->prev_mip = cm->mip;
  cm->mip = temp;

  // Update the upper left visible macroblock ptrs.
  cm->mi = cm->mip + cm->mi_stride + 1;
  cm->prev_mi = cm->prev_mip + cm->mi_stride + 1;

  cm->prev_mi_grid_base = cm->mi_grid_base;
  cm->mi_grid_base = temp_base;
  cm->mi_grid_visible = cm->mi_grid_base + cm->mi_stride + 1;
  cm->prev_mi_grid_visible = cm->prev_mi_grid_base + cm->mi_stride + 1;
}

void vp9_initialize_enc(void) {
  static volatile int init_done = 0;

  if (!init_done) {
    vp9_rtcd();
    vpx_dsp_rtcd();
    vpx_scale_rtcd();
    vp9_init_intra_predictors();
    vp9_init_me_luts();
    vp9_rc_init_minq_luts();
    vp9_entropy_mv_init();
    vp9_temporal_filter_init();
    init_done = 1;
  }
}

static void dealloc_compressor_data(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  int i;

  vpx_free(cpi->mbmi_ext_base);
  cpi->mbmi_ext_base = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->tile_data);
  cpi->tile_data = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->segmentation_map);
  cpi->segmentation_map = NULL;
  vpx_free(cpi->coding_context.last_frame_seg_map_copy);
  cpi->coding_context.last_frame_seg_map_copy = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->nmvcosts[0]);
  vpx_free(cpi->nmvcosts[1]);
  cpi->nmvcosts[0] = NULL;
  cpi->nmvcosts[1] = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->nmvcosts_hp[0]);
  vpx_free(cpi->nmvcosts_hp[1]);
  cpi->nmvcosts_hp[0] = NULL;
  cpi->nmvcosts_hp[1] = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->nmvsadcosts[0]);
  vpx_free(cpi->nmvsadcosts[1]);
  cpi->nmvsadcosts[0] = NULL;
  cpi->nmvsadcosts[1] = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[0]);
  vpx_free(cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[1]);
  cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[0] = NULL;
  cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[1] = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->prev_partition);
  cpi->prev_partition = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->prev_segment_id);
  cpi->prev_segment_id = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->prev_variance_low);
  cpi->prev_variance_low = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->copied_frame_cnt);
  cpi->copied_frame_cnt = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->content_state_sb_fd);
  cpi->content_state_sb_fd = NULL;

  vp9_cyclic_refresh_free(cpi->cyclic_refresh);
  cpi->cyclic_refresh = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->active_map.map);
  cpi->active_map.map = NULL;

  vpx_free(cpi->consec_zero_mv);
  cpi->consec_zero_mv = NULL;

  vp9_free_ref_frame_buffers(cm->buffer_pool);
#if CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC
  vp9_free_postproc_buffers(cm);
#endif
  vp9_free_context_buffers(cm);

  vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->last_frame_uf);
  vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->scaled_source);
  vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->scaled_last_source);
  vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->alt_ref_buffer);
#ifdef ENABLE_KF_DENOISE
  vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->raw_unscaled_source);
  vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->raw_scaled_source);
#endif

  vp9_lookahead_destroy(cpi->lookahead);

  vpx_free(cpi->tile_tok[0][0]);
  cpi->tile_tok[0][0] = 0;

  vpx_free(cpi->tplist[0][0]);
  cpi->tplist[0][0] = NULL;

  vp9_free_pc_tree(&cpi->td);

  for (i = 0; i < cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers; ++i) {
    LAYER_CONTEXT *const lc = &cpi->svc.layer_context[i];
    vpx_free(lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.buf);
    lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.buf = NULL;
    lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.sz = 0;
  }

  if (cpi->source_diff_var != NULL) {
    vpx_free(cpi->source_diff_var);
    cpi->source_diff_var = NULL;
  }

  for (i = 0; i < MAX_LAG_BUFFERS; ++i) {
    vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->svc.scaled_frames[i]);
  }
  memset(&cpi->svc.scaled_frames[0], 0,
         MAX_LAG_BUFFERS * sizeof(cpi->svc.scaled_frames[0]));

  vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->svc.scaled_temp);
  memset(&cpi->svc.scaled_temp, 0, sizeof(cpi->svc.scaled_temp));

  vpx_free_frame_buffer(&cpi->svc.empty_frame.img);
  memset(&cpi->svc.empty_frame, 0, sizeof(cpi->svc.empty_frame));

  vp9_free_svc_cyclic_refresh(cpi);
}

static void save_coding_context(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  CODING_CONTEXT *const cc = &cpi->coding_context;
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;

  // Stores a snapshot of key state variables which can subsequently be
  // restored with a call to vp9_restore_coding_context. These functions are
  // intended for use in a re-code loop in vp9_compress_frame where the
  // quantizer value is adjusted between loop iterations.
  vp9_copy(cc->nmvjointcost, cpi->td.mb.nmvjointcost);

  memcpy(cc->nmvcosts[0], cpi->nmvcosts[0],
         MV_VALS * sizeof(*cpi->nmvcosts[0]));
  memcpy(cc->nmvcosts[1], cpi->nmvcosts[1],
         MV_VALS * sizeof(*cpi->nmvcosts[1]));
  memcpy(cc->nmvcosts_hp[0], cpi->nmvcosts_hp[0],
         MV_VALS * sizeof(*cpi->nmvcosts_hp[0]));
  memcpy(cc->nmvcosts_hp[1], cpi->nmvcosts_hp[1],
         MV_VALS * sizeof(*cpi->nmvcosts_hp[1]));

  vp9_copy(cc->segment_pred_probs, cm->seg.pred_probs);

  memcpy(cpi->coding_context.last_frame_seg_map_copy, cm->last_frame_seg_map,
         (cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols));

  vp9_copy(cc->last_ref_lf_deltas, cm->lf.last_ref_deltas);
  vp9_copy(cc->last_mode_lf_deltas, cm->lf.last_mode_deltas);

  cc->fc = *cm->fc;
}

static void restore_coding_context(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  CODING_CONTEXT *const cc = &cpi->coding_context;
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;

  // Restore key state variables to the snapshot state stored in the
  // previous call to vp9_save_coding_context.
  vp9_copy(cpi->td.mb.nmvjointcost, cc->nmvjointcost);

  memcpy(cpi->nmvcosts[0], cc->nmvcosts[0], MV_VALS * sizeof(*cc->nmvcosts[0]));
  memcpy(cpi->nmvcosts[1], cc->nmvcosts[1], MV_VALS * sizeof(*cc->nmvcosts[1]));
  memcpy(cpi->nmvcosts_hp[0], cc->nmvcosts_hp[0],
         MV_VALS * sizeof(*cc->nmvcosts_hp[0]));
  memcpy(cpi->nmvcosts_hp[1], cc->nmvcosts_hp[1],
         MV_VALS * sizeof(*cc->nmvcosts_hp[1]));

  vp9_copy(cm->seg.pred_probs, cc->segment_pred_probs);

  memcpy(cm->last_frame_seg_map, cpi->coding_context.last_frame_seg_map_copy,
         (cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols));

  vp9_copy(cm->lf.last_ref_deltas, cc->last_ref_lf_deltas);
  vp9_copy(cm->lf.last_mode_deltas, cc->last_mode_lf_deltas);

  *cm->fc = cc->fc;
}

static void configure_static_seg_features(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
  struct segmentation *const seg = &cm->seg;

  int high_q = (int)(rc->avg_q > 48.0);
  int qi_delta;

  // Disable and clear down for KF
  if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) {
    // Clear down the global segmentation map
    memset(cpi->segmentation_map, 0, cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);
    seg->update_map = 0;
    seg->update_data = 0;
    cpi->static_mb_pct = 0;

    // Disable segmentation
    vp9_disable_segmentation(seg);

    // Clear down the segment features.
    vp9_clearall_segfeatures(seg);
  } else if (cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame) {
    // If this is an alt ref frame
    // Clear down the global segmentation map
    memset(cpi->segmentation_map, 0, cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);
    seg->update_map = 0;
    seg->update_data = 0;
    cpi->static_mb_pct = 0;

    // Disable segmentation and individual segment features by default
    vp9_disable_segmentation(seg);
    vp9_clearall_segfeatures(seg);

    // Scan frames from current to arf frame.
    // This function re-enables segmentation if appropriate.
    vp9_update_mbgraph_stats(cpi);

    // If segmentation was enabled set those features needed for the
    // arf itself.
    if (seg->enabled) {
      seg->update_map = 1;
      seg->update_data = 1;

      qi_delta =
          vp9_compute_qdelta(rc, rc->avg_q, rc->avg_q * 0.875, cm->bit_depth);
      vp9_set_segdata(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q, qi_delta - 2);
      vp9_set_segdata(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_ALT_LF, -2);

      vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q);
      vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_ALT_LF);

      // Where relevant assume segment data is delta data
      seg->abs_delta = SEGMENT_DELTADATA;
    }
  } else if (seg->enabled) {
    // All other frames if segmentation has been enabled

    // First normal frame in a valid gf or alt ref group
    if (rc->frames_since_golden == 0) {
      // Set up segment features for normal frames in an arf group
      if (rc->source_alt_ref_active) {
        seg->update_map = 0;
        seg->update_data = 1;
        seg->abs_delta = SEGMENT_DELTADATA;

        qi_delta =
            vp9_compute_qdelta(rc, rc->avg_q, rc->avg_q * 1.125, cm->bit_depth);
        vp9_set_segdata(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q, qi_delta + 2);
        vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q);

        vp9_set_segdata(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_ALT_LF, -2);
        vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_ALT_LF);

        // Segment coding disabled for compred testing
        if (high_q || (cpi->static_mb_pct == 100)) {
          vp9_set_segdata(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME, ALTREF_FRAME);
          vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME);
          vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_SKIP);
        }
      } else {
        // Disable segmentation and clear down features if alt ref
        // is not active for this group

        vp9_disable_segmentation(seg);

        memset(cpi->segmentation_map, 0, cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);

        seg->update_map = 0;
        seg->update_data = 0;

        vp9_clearall_segfeatures(seg);
      }
    } else if (rc->is_src_frame_alt_ref) {
      // Special case where we are coding over the top of a previous
      // alt ref frame.
      // Segment coding disabled for compred testing

      // Enable ref frame features for segment 0 as well
      vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 0, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME);
      vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME);

      // All mbs should use ALTREF_FRAME
      vp9_clear_segdata(seg, 0, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME);
      vp9_set_segdata(seg, 0, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME, ALTREF_FRAME);
      vp9_clear_segdata(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME);
      vp9_set_segdata(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME, ALTREF_FRAME);

      // Skip all MBs if high Q (0,0 mv and skip coeffs)
      if (high_q) {
        vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 0, SEG_LVL_SKIP);
        vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, 1, SEG_LVL_SKIP);
      }
      // Enable data update
      seg->update_data = 1;
    } else {
      // All other frames.

      // No updates.. leave things as they are.
      seg->update_map = 0;
      seg->update_data = 0;
    }
  }
}

static void update_reference_segmentation_map(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  MODE_INFO **mi_8x8_ptr = cm->mi_grid_visible;
  uint8_t *cache_ptr = cm->last_frame_seg_map;
  int row, col;

  for (row = 0; row < cm->mi_rows; row++) {
    MODE_INFO **mi_8x8 = mi_8x8_ptr;
    uint8_t *cache = cache_ptr;
    for (col = 0; col < cm->mi_cols; col++, mi_8x8++, cache++)
      cache[0] = mi_8x8[0]->segment_id;
    mi_8x8_ptr += cm->mi_stride;
    cache_ptr += cm->mi_cols;
  }
}

static void alloc_raw_frame_buffers(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
  const VP9EncoderConfig *oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;

  if (!cpi->lookahead)
    cpi->lookahead = vp9_lookahead_init(oxcf->width, oxcf->height,
                                        cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                                        cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                                        oxcf->lag_in_frames);
  if (!cpi->lookahead)
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                       "Failed to allocate lag buffers");

  // TODO(agrange) Check if ARF is enabled and skip allocation if not.
  if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&cpi->alt_ref_buffer, oxcf->width, oxcf->height,
                               cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                               cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                               VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment,
                               NULL, NULL, NULL))
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                       "Failed to allocate altref buffer");
}

static void alloc_util_frame_buffers(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&cpi->last_frame_uf, cm->width, cm->height,
                               cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                               cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                               VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment,
                               NULL, NULL, NULL))
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                       "Failed to allocate last frame buffer");

  if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&cpi->scaled_source, cm->width, cm->height,
                               cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                               cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                               VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment,
                               NULL, NULL, NULL))
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                       "Failed to allocate scaled source buffer");

  // For 1 pass cbr: allocate scaled_frame that may be used as an intermediate
  // buffer for a 2 stage down-sampling: two stages of 1:2 down-sampling for a
  // target of 1/4x1/4.
  if (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi) && !cpi->svc.scaled_temp_is_alloc) {
    cpi->svc.scaled_temp_is_alloc = 1;
    if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(
            &cpi->svc.scaled_temp, cm->width >> 1, cm->height >> 1,
            cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
            cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
            VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment, NULL, NULL, NULL))
      vpx_internal_error(&cpi->common.error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                         "Failed to allocate scaled_frame for svc ");
  }

  if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&cpi->scaled_last_source, cm->width, cm->height,
                               cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                               cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                               VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment,
                               NULL, NULL, NULL))
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                       "Failed to allocate scaled last source buffer");
#ifdef ENABLE_KF_DENOISE
  if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&cpi->raw_unscaled_source, cm->width, cm->height,
                               cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                               cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                               VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment,
                               NULL, NULL, NULL))
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                       "Failed to allocate unscaled raw source frame buffer");

  if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&cpi->raw_scaled_source, cm->width, cm->height,
                               cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                               cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                               VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment,
                               NULL, NULL, NULL))
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                       "Failed to allocate scaled raw source frame buffer");
#endif
}

static int alloc_context_buffers_ext(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
  int mi_size = cm->mi_cols * cm->mi_rows;

  cpi->mbmi_ext_base = vpx_calloc(mi_size, sizeof(*cpi->mbmi_ext_base));
  if (!cpi->mbmi_ext_base) return 1;

  return 0;
}

static void alloc_compressor_data(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
  int sb_rows;

  vp9_alloc_context_buffers(cm, cm->width, cm->height);

  alloc_context_buffers_ext(cpi);

  vpx_free(cpi->tile_tok[0][0]);

  {
    unsigned int tokens = get_token_alloc(cm->mb_rows, cm->mb_cols);
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->tile_tok[0][0],
                    vpx_calloc(tokens, sizeof(*cpi->tile_tok[0][0])));
  }

  sb_rows = mi_cols_aligned_to_sb(cm->mi_rows) >> MI_BLOCK_SIZE_LOG2;
  vpx_free(cpi->tplist[0][0]);
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
      cm, cpi->tplist[0][0],
      vpx_calloc(sb_rows * 4 * (1 << 6), sizeof(*cpi->tplist[0][0])));

  vp9_setup_pc_tree(&cpi->common, &cpi->td);
}

void vp9_new_framerate(VP9_COMP *cpi, double framerate) {
  cpi->framerate = framerate < 0.1 ? 30 : framerate;
  vp9_rc_update_framerate(cpi);
}

static void set_tile_limits(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;

  int min_log2_tile_cols, max_log2_tile_cols;
  vp9_get_tile_n_bits(cm->mi_cols, &min_log2_tile_cols, &max_log2_tile_cols);

  if (is_two_pass_svc(cpi) && (cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state == ENCODING ||
                               cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers > 1)) {
    cm->log2_tile_cols = 0;
    cm->log2_tile_rows = 0;
  } else {
    cm->log2_tile_cols =
        clamp(cpi->oxcf.tile_columns, min_log2_tile_cols, max_log2_tile_cols);
    cm->log2_tile_rows = cpi->oxcf.tile_rows;
  }
}

static void update_frame_size(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &cpi->td.mb.e_mbd;

  vp9_set_mb_mi(cm, cm->width, cm->height);
  vp9_init_context_buffers(cm);
  vp9_init_macroblockd(cm, xd, NULL);
  cpi->td.mb.mbmi_ext_base = cpi->mbmi_ext_base;
  memset(cpi->mbmi_ext_base, 0,
         cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols * sizeof(*cpi->mbmi_ext_base));

  set_tile_limits(cpi);

  if (is_two_pass_svc(cpi)) {
    if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&cpi->alt_ref_buffer, cm->width, cm->height,
                                 cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                                 cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                                 VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment,
                                 NULL, NULL, NULL))
      vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                         "Failed to reallocate alt_ref_buffer");
  }
}

static void init_buffer_indices(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  cpi->lst_fb_idx = 0;
  cpi->gld_fb_idx = 1;
  cpi->alt_fb_idx = 2;
}

static void init_level_constraint(LevelConstraint *lc) {
  lc->level_index = -1;
  lc->max_cpb_size = INT_MAX;
  lc->max_frame_size = INT_MAX;
  lc->rc_config_updated = 0;
  lc->fail_flag = 0;
}

static void set_level_constraint(LevelConstraint *ls, int8_t level_index) {
  vpx_clear_system_state();
  ls->level_index = level_index;
  if (level_index >= 0) {
    ls->max_cpb_size = vp9_level_defs[level_index].max_cpb_size * (double)1000;
  }
}

static void init_config(struct VP9_COMP *cpi, VP9EncoderConfig *oxcf) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;

  cpi->oxcf = *oxcf;
  cpi->framerate = oxcf->init_framerate;
  cm->profile = oxcf->profile;
  cm->bit_depth = oxcf->bit_depth;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  cm->use_highbitdepth = oxcf->use_highbitdepth;
#endif
  cm->color_space = oxcf->color_space;
  cm->color_range = oxcf->color_range;

  cpi->target_level = oxcf->target_level;
  cpi->keep_level_stats = oxcf->target_level != LEVEL_MAX;
  set_level_constraint(&cpi->level_constraint,
                       get_level_index(cpi->target_level));

  cm->width = oxcf->width;
  cm->height = oxcf->height;
  alloc_compressor_data(cpi);

  cpi->svc.temporal_layering_mode = oxcf->temporal_layering_mode;

  // Single thread case: use counts in common.
  cpi->td.counts = &cm->counts;

  // Spatial scalability.
  cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers = oxcf->ss_number_layers;
  // Temporal scalability.
  cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers = oxcf->ts_number_layers;

  if ((cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers > 1 && cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_CBR) ||
      ((cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers > 1 ||
        cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers > 1) &&
       cpi->oxcf.pass != 1)) {
    vp9_init_layer_context(cpi);
  }

  // change includes all joint functionality
  vp9_change_config(cpi, oxcf);

  cpi->static_mb_pct = 0;
  cpi->ref_frame_flags = 0;

  init_buffer_indices(cpi);

  vp9_noise_estimate_init(&cpi->noise_estimate, cm->width, cm->height);
}

static void set_rc_buffer_sizes(RATE_CONTROL *rc,
                                const VP9EncoderConfig *oxcf) {
  const int64_t bandwidth = oxcf->target_bandwidth;
  const int64_t starting = oxcf->starting_buffer_level_ms;
  const int64_t optimal = oxcf->optimal_buffer_level_ms;
  const int64_t maximum = oxcf->maximum_buffer_size_ms;

  rc->starting_buffer_level = starting * bandwidth / 1000;
  rc->optimal_buffer_level =
      (optimal == 0) ? bandwidth / 8 : optimal * bandwidth / 1000;
  rc->maximum_buffer_size =
      (maximum == 0) ? bandwidth / 8 : maximum * bandwidth / 1000;
}

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
#define HIGHBD_BFP(BT, SDF, SDAF, VF, SVF, SVAF, SDX3F, SDX8F, SDX4DF) \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdf = SDF;                                           \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdaf = SDAF;                                         \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].vf = VF;                                             \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].svf = SVF;                                           \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].svaf = SVAF;                                         \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdx3f = SDX3F;                                       \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdx8f = SDX8F;                                       \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdx4df = SDX4DF;

#define MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(fnname)                                           \
  static unsigned int fnname##_bits8(const uint8_t *src_ptr,                   \
                                     int source_stride,                        \
                                     const uint8_t *ref_ptr, int ref_stride) { \
    return fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride);                \
  }                                                                            \
  static unsigned int fnname##_bits10(                                         \
      const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, const uint8_t *ref_ptr,       \
      int ref_stride) {                                                        \
    return fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride) >> 2;           \
  }                                                                            \
  static unsigned int fnname##_bits12(                                         \
      const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, const uint8_t *ref_ptr,       \
      int ref_stride) {                                                        \
    return fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride) >> 4;           \
  }

#define MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(fnname)                                        \
  static unsigned int fnname##_bits8(                                          \
      const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, const uint8_t *ref_ptr,       \
      int ref_stride, const uint8_t *second_pred) {                            \
    return fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, second_pred);   \
  }                                                                            \
  static unsigned int fnname##_bits10(                                         \
      const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, const uint8_t *ref_ptr,       \
      int ref_stride, const uint8_t *second_pred) {                            \
    return fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, second_pred) >> \
           2;                                                                  \
  }                                                                            \
  static unsigned int fnname##_bits12(                                         \
      const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, const uint8_t *ref_ptr,       \
      int ref_stride, const uint8_t *second_pred) {                            \
    return fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, second_pred) >> \
           4;                                                                  \
  }

#define MAKE_BFP_SAD3_WRAPPER(fnname)                                    \
  static void fnname##_bits8(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride,  \
                             const uint8_t *ref_ptr, int ref_stride,     \
                             unsigned int *sad_array) {                  \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);      \
  }                                                                      \
  static void fnname##_bits10(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, \
                              const uint8_t *ref_ptr, int ref_stride,    \
                              unsigned int *sad_array) {                 \
    int i;                                                               \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);      \
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) sad_array[i] >>= 2;                          \
  }                                                                      \
  static void fnname##_bits12(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, \
                              const uint8_t *ref_ptr, int ref_stride,    \
                              unsigned int *sad_array) {                 \
    int i;                                                               \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);      \
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) sad_array[i] >>= 4;                          \
  }

#define MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(fnname)                                    \
  static void fnname##_bits8(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride,  \
                             const uint8_t *ref_ptr, int ref_stride,     \
                             unsigned int *sad_array) {                  \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);      \
  }                                                                      \
  static void fnname##_bits10(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, \
                              const uint8_t *ref_ptr, int ref_stride,    \
                              unsigned int *sad_array) {                 \
    int i;                                                               \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);      \
    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) sad_array[i] >>= 2;                          \
  }                                                                      \
  static void fnname##_bits12(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride, \
                              const uint8_t *ref_ptr, int ref_stride,    \
                              unsigned int *sad_array) {                 \
    int i;                                                               \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);      \
    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) sad_array[i] >>= 4;                          \
  }
#define MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(fnname)                                        \
  static void fnname##_bits8(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride,       \
                             const uint8_t *const ref_ptr[], int ref_stride,  \
                             unsigned int *sad_array) {                       \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);           \
  }                                                                           \
  static void fnname##_bits10(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride,      \
                              const uint8_t *const ref_ptr[], int ref_stride, \
                              unsigned int *sad_array) {                      \
    int i;                                                                    \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);           \
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) sad_array[i] >>= 2;                               \
  }                                                                           \
  static void fnname##_bits12(const uint8_t *src_ptr, int source_stride,      \
                              const uint8_t *const ref_ptr[], int ref_stride, \
                              unsigned int *sad_array) {                      \
    int i;                                                                    \
    fnname(src_ptr, source_stride, ref_ptr, ref_stride, sad_array);           \
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) sad_array[i] >>= 4;                               \
  }

MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x16)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x16_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x16x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x32)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x32_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x32x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad64x32)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad64x32_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad64x32x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x64)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x64_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x64x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x32)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x32_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD3_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x32x3)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x32x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad32x32x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad64x64)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad64x64_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD3_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad64x64x3)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad64x64x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad64x64x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x16)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x16_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD3_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x16x3)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x16x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x16x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x8)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x8_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD3_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x8x3)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x8x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad16x8x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x16)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x16_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD3_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x16x3)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x16x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x16x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x8)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x8_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD3_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x8x3)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x8x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x8x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x4)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x4_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x4x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad8x4x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x8)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x8_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x8x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x8x4d)
MAKE_BFP_SAD_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x4)
MAKE_BFP_SADAVG_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x4_avg)
MAKE_BFP_SAD3_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x4x3)
MAKE_BFP_SAD8_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x4x8)
MAKE_BFP_SAD4D_WRAPPER(vpx_highbd_sad4x4x4d)

static void highbd_set_var_fns(VP9_COMP *const cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  if (cm->use_highbitdepth) {
    switch (cm->bit_depth) {
      case VPX_BITS_8:
        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X16, vpx_highbd_sad32x16_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x16_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance32x16,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance32x16,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x16, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x16x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_16X32, vpx_highbd_sad16x32_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x32_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance16x32,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance16x32,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x32, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x32x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_64X32, vpx_highbd_sad64x32_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x32_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance64x32,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance64x32,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance64x32, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x32x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X64, vpx_highbd_sad32x64_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x64_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance32x64,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance32x64,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x64, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x64x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X32, vpx_highbd_sad32x32_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32x3_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad32x32x8_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_64X64, vpx_highbd_sad64x64_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64x3_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad64x64x8_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_16X16, vpx_highbd_sad16x16_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16x3_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad16x16x8_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(
            BLOCK_16X8, vpx_highbd_sad16x8_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad16x8_avg_bits8,
            vpx_highbd_8_variance16x8, vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance16x8,
            vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x8, vpx_highbd_sad16x8x3_bits8,
            vpx_highbd_sad16x8x8_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad16x8x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(
            BLOCK_8X16, vpx_highbd_sad8x16_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad8x16_avg_bits8,
            vpx_highbd_8_variance8x16, vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance8x16,
            vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x16, vpx_highbd_sad8x16x3_bits8,
            vpx_highbd_sad8x16x8_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad8x16x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(
            BLOCK_8X8, vpx_highbd_sad8x8_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad8x8_avg_bits8,
            vpx_highbd_8_variance8x8, vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance8x8,
            vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x8, vpx_highbd_sad8x8x3_bits8,
            vpx_highbd_sad8x8x8_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad8x8x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_8X4, vpx_highbd_sad8x4_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x4_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance8x4,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance8x4,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x4, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x4x8_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad8x4x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_4X8, vpx_highbd_sad4x8_bits8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad4x8_avg_bits8, vpx_highbd_8_variance4x8,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance4x8,
                   vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance4x8, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad4x8x8_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad4x8x4d_bits8)

        HIGHBD_BFP(
            BLOCK_4X4, vpx_highbd_sad4x4_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad4x4_avg_bits8,
            vpx_highbd_8_variance4x4, vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_variance4x4,
            vpx_highbd_8_sub_pixel_avg_variance4x4, vpx_highbd_sad4x4x3_bits8,
            vpx_highbd_sad4x4x8_bits8, vpx_highbd_sad4x4x4d_bits8)
        break;

      case VPX_BITS_10:
        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X16, vpx_highbd_sad32x16_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x16_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance32x16,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance32x16,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x16, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x16x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_16X32, vpx_highbd_sad16x32_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x32_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance16x32,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance16x32,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x32, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x32x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_64X32, vpx_highbd_sad64x32_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x32_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance64x32,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance64x32,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance64x32, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x32x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X64, vpx_highbd_sad32x64_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x64_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance32x64,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance32x64,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x64, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x64x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X32, vpx_highbd_sad32x32_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32x3_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad32x32x8_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_64X64, vpx_highbd_sad64x64_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64x3_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad64x64x8_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_16X16, vpx_highbd_sad16x16_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16x3_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad16x16x8_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_16X8, vpx_highbd_sad16x8_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x8_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance16x8,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance16x8,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x8x3_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad16x8x8_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x8x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_8X16, vpx_highbd_sad8x16_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x16_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance8x16,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance8x16,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x16,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x16x3_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad8x16x8_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x16x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(
            BLOCK_8X8, vpx_highbd_sad8x8_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad8x8_avg_bits10,
            vpx_highbd_10_variance8x8, vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance8x8,
            vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x8, vpx_highbd_sad8x8x3_bits10,
            vpx_highbd_sad8x8x8_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad8x8x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_8X4, vpx_highbd_sad8x4_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x4_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance8x4,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance8x4,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x4, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x4x8_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad8x4x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_4X8, vpx_highbd_sad4x8_bits10,
                   vpx_highbd_sad4x8_avg_bits10, vpx_highbd_10_variance4x8,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance4x8,
                   vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance4x8, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad4x8x8_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad4x8x4d_bits10)

        HIGHBD_BFP(
            BLOCK_4X4, vpx_highbd_sad4x4_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad4x4_avg_bits10,
            vpx_highbd_10_variance4x4, vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_variance4x4,
            vpx_highbd_10_sub_pixel_avg_variance4x4, vpx_highbd_sad4x4x3_bits10,
            vpx_highbd_sad4x4x8_bits10, vpx_highbd_sad4x4x4d_bits10)
        break;

      case VPX_BITS_12:
        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X16, vpx_highbd_sad32x16_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x16_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance32x16,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance32x16,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x16, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x16x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_16X32, vpx_highbd_sad16x32_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x32_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance16x32,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance16x32,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x32, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x32x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_64X32, vpx_highbd_sad64x32_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x32_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance64x32,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance64x32,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance64x32, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x32x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X64, vpx_highbd_sad32x64_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x64_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance32x64,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance32x64,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x64, NULL, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x64x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_32X32, vpx_highbd_sad32x32_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x32,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32x3_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad32x32x8_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad32x32x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_64X64, vpx_highbd_sad64x64_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance64x64,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64x3_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad64x64x8_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad64x64x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_16X16, vpx_highbd_sad16x16_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x16,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16x3_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad16x16x8_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x16x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_16X8, vpx_highbd_sad16x8_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x8_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance16x8,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance16x8,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x8,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x8x3_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad16x8x8_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad16x8x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_8X16, vpx_highbd_sad8x16_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x16_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance8x16,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance8x16,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x16,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x16x3_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad8x16x8_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x16x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(
            BLOCK_8X8, vpx_highbd_sad8x8_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad8x8_avg_bits12,
            vpx_highbd_12_variance8x8, vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance8x8,
            vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x8, vpx_highbd_sad8x8x3_bits12,
            vpx_highbd_sad8x8x8_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad8x8x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_8X4, vpx_highbd_sad8x4_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x4_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance8x4,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance8x4,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x4, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad8x4x8_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad8x4x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(BLOCK_4X8, vpx_highbd_sad4x8_bits12,
                   vpx_highbd_sad4x8_avg_bits12, vpx_highbd_12_variance4x8,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance4x8,
                   vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance4x8, NULL,
                   vpx_highbd_sad4x8x8_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad4x8x4d_bits12)

        HIGHBD_BFP(
            BLOCK_4X4, vpx_highbd_sad4x4_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad4x4_avg_bits12,
            vpx_highbd_12_variance4x4, vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_variance4x4,
            vpx_highbd_12_sub_pixel_avg_variance4x4, vpx_highbd_sad4x4x3_bits12,
            vpx_highbd_sad4x4x8_bits12, vpx_highbd_sad4x4x4d_bits12)
        break;

      default:
        assert(0 &&
               "cm->bit_depth should be VPX_BITS_8, "
               "VPX_BITS_10 or VPX_BITS_12");
    }
  }
}
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

static void realloc_segmentation_maps(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;

  // Create the encoder segmentation map and set all entries to 0
  vpx_free(cpi->segmentation_map);
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->segmentation_map,
                  vpx_calloc(cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols, 1));

  // Create a map used for cyclic background refresh.
  if (cpi->cyclic_refresh) vp9_cyclic_refresh_free(cpi->cyclic_refresh);
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->cyclic_refresh,
                  vp9_cyclic_refresh_alloc(cm->mi_rows, cm->mi_cols));

  // Create a map used to mark inactive areas.
  vpx_free(cpi->active_map.map);
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->active_map.map,
                  vpx_calloc(cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols, 1));

  // And a place holder structure is the coding context
  // for use if we want to save and restore it
  vpx_free(cpi->coding_context.last_frame_seg_map_copy);
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->coding_context.last_frame_seg_map_copy,
                  vpx_calloc(cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols, 1));
}

static void alloc_copy_partition_data(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  if (cpi->prev_partition == NULL) {
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->prev_partition,
                    (BLOCK_SIZE *)vpx_calloc(cm->mi_stride * cm->mi_rows,
                                             sizeof(*cpi->prev_partition)));
  }
  if (cpi->prev_segment_id == NULL) {
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
        cm, cpi->prev_segment_id,
        (int8_t *)vpx_calloc((cm->mi_stride >> 3) * ((cm->mi_rows >> 3) + 1),
                             sizeof(*cpi->prev_segment_id)));
  }
  if (cpi->prev_variance_low == NULL) {
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->prev_variance_low,
                    (uint8_t *)vpx_calloc(
                        (cm->mi_stride >> 3) * ((cm->mi_rows >> 3) + 1) * 25,
                        sizeof(*cpi->prev_variance_low)));
  }
  if (cpi->copied_frame_cnt == NULL) {
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
        cm, cpi->copied_frame_cnt,
        (uint8_t *)vpx_calloc((cm->mi_stride >> 3) * ((cm->mi_rows >> 3) + 1),
                              sizeof(*cpi->copied_frame_cnt)));
  }
}

void vp9_change_config(struct VP9_COMP *cpi, const VP9EncoderConfig *oxcf) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
  int last_w = cpi->oxcf.width;
  int last_h = cpi->oxcf.height;

  if (cm->profile != oxcf->profile) cm->profile = oxcf->profile;
  cm->bit_depth = oxcf->bit_depth;
  cm->color_space = oxcf->color_space;
  cm->color_range = oxcf->color_range;

  cpi->target_level = oxcf->target_level;
  cpi->keep_level_stats = oxcf->target_level != LEVEL_MAX;
  set_level_constraint(&cpi->level_constraint,
                       get_level_index(cpi->target_level));

  if (cm->profile <= PROFILE_1)
    assert(cm->bit_depth == VPX_BITS_8);
  else
    assert(cm->bit_depth > VPX_BITS_8);

  cpi->oxcf = *oxcf;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  cpi->td.mb.e_mbd.bd = (int)cm->bit_depth;
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

  if ((oxcf->pass == 0) && (oxcf->rc_mode == VPX_Q)) {
    rc->baseline_gf_interval = FIXED_GF_INTERVAL;
  } else {
    rc->baseline_gf_interval = (MIN_GF_INTERVAL + MAX_GF_INTERVAL) / 2;
  }

  cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 0;
  cpi->refresh_last_frame = 1;
  cm->refresh_frame_context = 1;
  cm->reset_frame_context = 0;

  vp9_reset_segment_features(&cm->seg);
  vp9_set_high_precision_mv(cpi, 0);

  {
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < MAX_SEGMENTS; i++)
      cpi->segment_encode_breakout[i] = cpi->oxcf.encode_breakout;
  }
  cpi->encode_breakout = cpi->oxcf.encode_breakout;

  set_rc_buffer_sizes(rc, &cpi->oxcf);

  // Under a configuration change, where maximum_buffer_size may change,
  // keep buffer level clipped to the maximum allowed buffer size.
  rc->bits_off_target = VPXMIN(rc->bits_off_target, rc->maximum_buffer_size);
  rc->buffer_level = VPXMIN(rc->buffer_level, rc->maximum_buffer_size);

  // Set up frame rate and related parameters rate control values.
  vp9_new_framerate(cpi, cpi->framerate);

  // Set absolute upper and lower quality limits
  rc->worst_quality = cpi->oxcf.worst_allowed_q;
  rc->best_quality = cpi->oxcf.best_allowed_q;

  cm->interp_filter = cpi->sf.default_interp_filter;

  if (cpi->oxcf.render_width > 0 && cpi->oxcf.render_height > 0) {
    cm->render_width = cpi->oxcf.render_width;
    cm->render_height = cpi->oxcf.render_height;
  } else {
    cm->render_width = cpi->oxcf.width;
    cm->render_height = cpi->oxcf.height;
  }
  if (last_w != cpi->oxcf.width || last_h != cpi->oxcf.height) {
    cm->width = cpi->oxcf.width;
    cm->height = cpi->oxcf.height;
    cpi->external_resize = 1;
  }

  if (cpi->initial_width) {
    int new_mi_size = 0;
    vp9_set_mb_mi(cm, cm->width, cm->height);
    new_mi_size = cm->mi_stride * calc_mi_size(cm->mi_rows);
    if (cm->mi_alloc_size < new_mi_size) {
      vp9_free_context_buffers(cm);
      alloc_compressor_data(cpi);
      realloc_segmentation_maps(cpi);
      cpi->initial_width = cpi->initial_height = 0;
      cpi->external_resize = 0;
    } else if (cm->mi_alloc_size == new_mi_size &&
               (cpi->oxcf.width > last_w || cpi->oxcf.height > last_h)) {
      vp9_alloc_loop_filter(cm);
    }
  }

  if (cm->current_video_frame == 0 || last_w != cpi->oxcf.width ||
      last_h != cpi->oxcf.height)
    update_frame_size(cpi);

  if (last_w != cpi->oxcf.width || last_h != cpi->oxcf.height) {
    memset(cpi->consec_zero_mv, 0,
           cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols * sizeof(*cpi->consec_zero_mv));
    if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == CYCLIC_REFRESH_AQ)
      vp9_cyclic_refresh_reset_resize(cpi);
  }

  if ((cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers > 1 && cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_CBR) ||
      ((cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers > 1 ||
        cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers > 1) &&
       cpi->oxcf.pass != 1)) {
    vp9_update_layer_context_change_config(cpi,
                                           (int)cpi->oxcf.target_bandwidth);
  }

  cpi->alt_ref_source = NULL;
  rc->is_src_frame_alt_ref = 0;

#if 0
  // Experimental RD Code
  cpi->frame_distortion = 0;
  cpi->last_frame_distortion = 0;
#endif

  set_tile_limits(cpi);

  cpi->ext_refresh_frame_flags_pending = 0;
  cpi->ext_refresh_frame_context_pending = 0;

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  highbd_set_var_fns(cpi);
#endif

  vp9_set_row_mt(cpi);
}

#ifndef M_LOG2_E
#define M_LOG2_E 0.693147180559945309417
#endif
#define log2f(x) (log(x) / (float)M_LOG2_E)

/***********************************************************************
 * Read before modifying 'cal_nmvjointsadcost' or 'cal_nmvsadcosts'    *
 ***********************************************************************
 * The following 2 functions ('cal_nmvjointsadcost' and                *
 * 'cal_nmvsadcosts') are used to calculate cost lookup tables         *
 * used by 'vp9_diamond_search_sad'. The C implementation of the       *
 * function is generic, but the AVX intrinsics optimised version       *
 * relies on the following properties of the computed tables:          *
 * For cal_nmvjointsadcost:                                            *
 *   - mvjointsadcost[1] == mvjointsadcost[2] == mvjointsadcost[3]     *
 * For cal_nmvsadcosts:                                                *
 *   - For all i: mvsadcost[0][i] == mvsadcost[1][i]                   *
 *         (Equal costs for both components)                           *
 *   - For all i: mvsadcost[0][i] == mvsadcost[0][-i]                  *
 *         (Cost function is even)                                     *
 * If these do not hold, then the AVX optimised version of the         *
 * 'vp9_diamond_search_sad' function cannot be used as it is, in which *
 * case you can revert to using the C function instead.                *
 ***********************************************************************/

static void cal_nmvjointsadcost(int *mvjointsadcost) {
  /*********************************************************************
   * Warning: Read the comments above before modifying this function   *
   *********************************************************************/
  mvjointsadcost[0] = 600;
  mvjointsadcost[1] = 300;
  mvjointsadcost[2] = 300;
  mvjointsadcost[3] = 300;
}

static void cal_nmvsadcosts(int *mvsadcost[2]) {
  /*********************************************************************
   * Warning: Read the comments above before modifying this function   *
   *********************************************************************/
  int i = 1;

  mvsadcost[0][0] = 0;
  mvsadcost[1][0] = 0;

  do {
    double z = 256 * (2 * (log2f(8 * i) + .6));
    mvsadcost[0][i] = (int)z;
    mvsadcost[1][i] = (int)z;
    mvsadcost[0][-i] = (int)z;
    mvsadcost[1][-i] = (int)z;
  } while (++i <= MV_MAX);
}

static void cal_nmvsadcosts_hp(int *mvsadcost[2]) {
  int i = 1;

  mvsadcost[0][0] = 0;
  mvsadcost[1][0] = 0;

  do {
    double z = 256 * (2 * (log2f(8 * i) + .6));
    mvsadcost[0][i] = (int)z;
    mvsadcost[1][i] = (int)z;
    mvsadcost[0][-i] = (int)z;
    mvsadcost[1][-i] = (int)z;
  } while (++i <= MV_MAX);
}

VP9_COMP *vp9_create_compressor(VP9EncoderConfig *oxcf,
                                BufferPool *const pool) {
  unsigned int i;
  VP9_COMP *volatile const cpi = vpx_memalign(32, sizeof(VP9_COMP));
  VP9_COMMON *volatile const cm = cpi != NULL ? &cpi->common : NULL;

  if (!cm) return NULL;

  vp9_zero(*cpi);

  if (setjmp(cm->error.jmp)) {
    cm->error.setjmp = 0;
    vp9_remove_compressor(cpi);
    return 0;
  }

  cm->error.setjmp = 1;
  cm->alloc_mi = vp9_enc_alloc_mi;
  cm->free_mi = vp9_enc_free_mi;
  cm->setup_mi = vp9_enc_setup_mi;

  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cm->fc, (FRAME_CONTEXT *)vpx_calloc(1, sizeof(*cm->fc)));
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
      cm, cm->frame_contexts,
      (FRAME_CONTEXT *)vpx_calloc(FRAME_CONTEXTS, sizeof(*cm->frame_contexts)));

  cpi->use_svc = 0;
  cpi->resize_state = ORIG;
  cpi->external_resize = 0;
  cpi->resize_avg_qp = 0;
  cpi->resize_buffer_underflow = 0;
  cpi->use_skin_detection = 0;
  cpi->common.buffer_pool = pool;

  cpi->force_update_segmentation = 0;

  init_config(cpi, oxcf);
  vp9_rc_init(&cpi->oxcf, oxcf->pass, &cpi->rc);

  cm->current_video_frame = 0;
  cpi->partition_search_skippable_frame = 0;
  cpi->tile_data = NULL;

  realloc_segmentation_maps(cpi);

  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->alt_ref_aq, vp9_alt_ref_aq_create());

  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
      cm, cpi->consec_zero_mv,
      vpx_calloc(cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols, sizeof(*cpi->consec_zero_mv)));

  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->nmvcosts[0],
                  vpx_calloc(MV_VALS, sizeof(*cpi->nmvcosts[0])));
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->nmvcosts[1],
                  vpx_calloc(MV_VALS, sizeof(*cpi->nmvcosts[1])));
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->nmvcosts_hp[0],
                  vpx_calloc(MV_VALS, sizeof(*cpi->nmvcosts_hp[0])));
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->nmvcosts_hp[1],
                  vpx_calloc(MV_VALS, sizeof(*cpi->nmvcosts_hp[1])));
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->nmvsadcosts[0],
                  vpx_calloc(MV_VALS, sizeof(*cpi->nmvsadcosts[0])));
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->nmvsadcosts[1],
                  vpx_calloc(MV_VALS, sizeof(*cpi->nmvsadcosts[1])));
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[0],
                  vpx_calloc(MV_VALS, sizeof(*cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[0])));
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[1],
                  vpx_calloc(MV_VALS, sizeof(*cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[1])));

  for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(cpi->mbgraph_stats) / sizeof(cpi->mbgraph_stats[0]));
       i++) {
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
        cm, cpi->mbgraph_stats[i].mb_stats,
        vpx_calloc(cm->MBs * sizeof(*cpi->mbgraph_stats[i].mb_stats), 1));
  }

#if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
  cpi->use_fp_mb_stats = 0;
  if (cpi->use_fp_mb_stats) {
    // a place holder used to store the first pass mb stats in the first pass
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->twopass.frame_mb_stats_buf,
                    vpx_calloc(cm->MBs * sizeof(uint8_t), 1));
  } else {
    cpi->twopass.frame_mb_stats_buf = NULL;
  }
#endif

  cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 0;
  cpi->multi_arf_last_grp_enabled = 0;

  cpi->b_calculate_psnr = CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS;

  init_level_info(&cpi->level_info);
  init_level_constraint(&cpi->level_constraint);

#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
  cpi->b_calculate_blockiness = 1;
  cpi->b_calculate_consistency = 1;
  cpi->total_inconsistency = 0;
  cpi->psnr.worst = 100.0;
  cpi->worst_ssim = 100.0;

  cpi->count = 0;
  cpi->bytes = 0;

  if (cpi->b_calculate_psnr) {
    cpi->total_sq_error = 0;
    cpi->total_samples = 0;

    cpi->totalp_sq_error = 0;
    cpi->totalp_samples = 0;

    cpi->tot_recode_hits = 0;
    cpi->summed_quality = 0;
    cpi->summed_weights = 0;
    cpi->summedp_quality = 0;
    cpi->summedp_weights = 0;
  }

  cpi->fastssim.worst = 100.0;

  cpi->psnrhvs.worst = 100.0;

  if (cpi->b_calculate_blockiness) {
    cpi->total_blockiness = 0;
    cpi->worst_blockiness = 0.0;
  }

  if (cpi->b_calculate_consistency) {
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->ssim_vars,
                    vpx_malloc(sizeof(*cpi->ssim_vars) * 4 *
                               cpi->common.mi_rows * cpi->common.mi_cols));
    cpi->worst_consistency = 100.0;
  }

#endif

  cpi->first_time_stamp_ever = INT64_MAX;

  /*********************************************************************
   * Warning: Read the comments around 'cal_nmvjointsadcost' and       *
   * 'cal_nmvsadcosts' before modifying how these tables are computed. *
   *********************************************************************/
  cal_nmvjointsadcost(cpi->td.mb.nmvjointsadcost);
  cpi->td.mb.nmvcost[0] = &cpi->nmvcosts[0][MV_MAX];
  cpi->td.mb.nmvcost[1] = &cpi->nmvcosts[1][MV_MAX];
  cpi->td.mb.nmvsadcost[0] = &cpi->nmvsadcosts[0][MV_MAX];
  cpi->td.mb.nmvsadcost[1] = &cpi->nmvsadcosts[1][MV_MAX];
  cal_nmvsadcosts(cpi->td.mb.nmvsadcost);

  cpi->td.mb.nmvcost_hp[0] = &cpi->nmvcosts_hp[0][MV_MAX];
  cpi->td.mb.nmvcost_hp[1] = &cpi->nmvcosts_hp[1][MV_MAX];
  cpi->td.mb.nmvsadcost_hp[0] = &cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[0][MV_MAX];
  cpi->td.mb.nmvsadcost_hp[1] = &cpi->nmvsadcosts_hp[1][MV_MAX];
  cal_nmvsadcosts_hp(cpi->td.mb.nmvsadcost_hp);

#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_DENOISED
  yuv_denoised_file = fopen("denoised.yuv", "ab");
#endif
#endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_SKINMAP
  yuv_skinmap_file = fopen("skinmap.yuv", "ab");
#endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_REC
  yuv_rec_file = fopen("rec.yuv", "wb");
#endif

#if 0
  framepsnr = fopen("framepsnr.stt", "a");
  kf_list = fopen("kf_list.stt", "w");
#endif

  cpi->allow_encode_breakout = ENCODE_BREAKOUT_ENABLED;

  if (oxcf->pass == 1) {
    vp9_init_first_pass(cpi);
  } else if (oxcf->pass == 2) {
    const size_t packet_sz = sizeof(FIRSTPASS_STATS);
    const int packets = (int)(oxcf->two_pass_stats_in.sz / packet_sz);

    if (cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers > 1 ||
        cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers > 1) {
      FIRSTPASS_STATS *const stats = oxcf->two_pass_stats_in.buf;
      FIRSTPASS_STATS *stats_copy[VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS] = { 0 };
      int i;

      for (i = 0; i < oxcf->ss_number_layers; ++i) {
        FIRSTPASS_STATS *const last_packet_for_layer =
            &stats[packets - oxcf->ss_number_layers + i];
        const int layer_id = (int)last_packet_for_layer->spatial_layer_id;
        const int packets_in_layer = (int)last_packet_for_layer->count + 1;
        if (layer_id >= 0 && layer_id < oxcf->ss_number_layers) {
          LAYER_CONTEXT *const lc = &cpi->svc.layer_context[layer_id];

          vpx_free(lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.buf);

          lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.sz = packets_in_layer * packet_sz;
          CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.buf,
                          vpx_malloc(lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.sz));
          lc->twopass.stats_in_start = lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.buf;
          lc->twopass.stats_in = lc->twopass.stats_in_start;
          lc->twopass.stats_in_end =
              lc->twopass.stats_in_start + packets_in_layer - 1;
          stats_copy[layer_id] = lc->rc_twopass_stats_in.buf;
        }
      }

      for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
        const int layer_id = (int)stats[i].spatial_layer_id;
        if (layer_id >= 0 && layer_id < oxcf->ss_number_layers &&
            stats_copy[layer_id] != NULL) {
          *stats_copy[layer_id] = stats[i];
          ++stats_copy[layer_id];
        }
      }

      vp9_init_second_pass_spatial_svc(cpi);
    } else {
#if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
      if (cpi->use_fp_mb_stats) {
        const size_t psz = cpi->common.MBs * sizeof(uint8_t);
        const int ps = (int)(oxcf->firstpass_mb_stats_in.sz / psz);

        cpi->twopass.firstpass_mb_stats.mb_stats_start =
            oxcf->firstpass_mb_stats_in.buf;
        cpi->twopass.firstpass_mb_stats.mb_stats_end =
            cpi->twopass.firstpass_mb_stats.mb_stats_start +
            (ps - 1) * cpi->common.MBs * sizeof(uint8_t);
      }
#endif

      cpi->twopass.stats_in_start = oxcf->two_pass_stats_in.buf;
      cpi->twopass.stats_in = cpi->twopass.stats_in_start;
      cpi->twopass.stats_in_end = &cpi->twopass.stats_in[packets - 1];

      vp9_init_second_pass(cpi);
    }
  }

  vp9_set_speed_features_framesize_independent(cpi);
  vp9_set_speed_features_framesize_dependent(cpi);

  // Allocate memory to store variances for a frame.
  CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cpi->source_diff_var, vpx_calloc(cm->MBs, sizeof(diff)));
  cpi->source_var_thresh = 0;
  cpi->frames_till_next_var_check = 0;

#define BFP(BT, SDF, SDAF, VF, SVF, SVAF, SDX3F, SDX8F, SDX4DF) \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdf = SDF;                                    \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdaf = SDAF;                                  \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].vf = VF;                                      \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].svf = SVF;                                    \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].svaf = SVAF;                                  \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdx3f = SDX3F;                                \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdx8f = SDX8F;                                \
  cpi->fn_ptr[BT].sdx4df = SDX4DF;

  BFP(BLOCK_32X16, vpx_sad32x16, vpx_sad32x16_avg, vpx_variance32x16,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance32x16, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x16, NULL, NULL,
      vpx_sad32x16x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_16X32, vpx_sad16x32, vpx_sad16x32_avg, vpx_variance16x32,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance16x32, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x32, NULL, NULL,
      vpx_sad16x32x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_64X32, vpx_sad64x32, vpx_sad64x32_avg, vpx_variance64x32,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance64x32, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance64x32, NULL, NULL,
      vpx_sad64x32x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_32X64, vpx_sad32x64, vpx_sad32x64_avg, vpx_variance32x64,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance32x64, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x64, NULL, NULL,
      vpx_sad32x64x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_32X32, vpx_sad32x32, vpx_sad32x32_avg, vpx_variance32x32,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance32x32, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance32x32,
      vpx_sad32x32x3, vpx_sad32x32x8, vpx_sad32x32x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_64X64, vpx_sad64x64, vpx_sad64x64_avg, vpx_variance64x64,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance64x64, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance64x64,
      vpx_sad64x64x3, vpx_sad64x64x8, vpx_sad64x64x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_16X16, vpx_sad16x16, vpx_sad16x16_avg, vpx_variance16x16,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance16x16, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x16,
      vpx_sad16x16x3, vpx_sad16x16x8, vpx_sad16x16x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_16X8, vpx_sad16x8, vpx_sad16x8_avg, vpx_variance16x8,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance16x8, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance16x8, vpx_sad16x8x3,
      vpx_sad16x8x8, vpx_sad16x8x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_8X16, vpx_sad8x16, vpx_sad8x16_avg, vpx_variance8x16,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance8x16, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x16, vpx_sad8x16x3,
      vpx_sad8x16x8, vpx_sad8x16x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_8X8, vpx_sad8x8, vpx_sad8x8_avg, vpx_variance8x8,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance8x8, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x8, vpx_sad8x8x3,
      vpx_sad8x8x8, vpx_sad8x8x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_8X4, vpx_sad8x4, vpx_sad8x4_avg, vpx_variance8x4,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance8x4, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance8x4, NULL,
      vpx_sad8x4x8, vpx_sad8x4x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_4X8, vpx_sad4x8, vpx_sad4x8_avg, vpx_variance4x8,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance4x8, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance4x8, NULL,
      vpx_sad4x8x8, vpx_sad4x8x4d)

  BFP(BLOCK_4X4, vpx_sad4x4, vpx_sad4x4_avg, vpx_variance4x4,
      vpx_sub_pixel_variance4x4, vpx_sub_pixel_avg_variance4x4, vpx_sad4x4x3,
      vpx_sad4x4x8, vpx_sad4x4x4d)

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  highbd_set_var_fns(cpi);
#endif

  /* vp9_init_quantizer() is first called here. Add check in
   * vp9_frame_init_quantizer() so that vp9_init_quantizer is only
   * called later when needed. This will avoid unnecessary calls of
   * vp9_init_quantizer() for every frame.
   */
  vp9_init_quantizer(cpi);

  vp9_loop_filter_init(cm);

  cm->error.setjmp = 0;

  return cpi;
}

#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
#define SNPRINT(H, T) snprintf((H) + strlen(H), sizeof(H) - strlen(H), (T))

#define SNPRINT2(H, T, V) \
  snprintf((H) + strlen(H), sizeof(H) - strlen(H), (T), (V))
#endif  // CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS

void vp9_remove_compressor(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm;
  unsigned int i;
  int t;

  if (!cpi) return;

  cm = &cpi->common;
  if (cm->current_video_frame > 0) {
#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
    vpx_clear_system_state();

    if (cpi->oxcf.pass != 1) {
      char headings[512] = { 0 };
      char results[512] = { 0 };
      FILE *f = fopen("opsnr.stt", "a");
      double time_encoded =
          (cpi->last_end_time_stamp_seen - cpi->first_time_stamp_ever) /
          10000000.000;
      double total_encode_time =
          (cpi->time_receive_data + cpi->time_compress_data) / 1000.000;
      const double dr =
          (double)cpi->bytes * (double)8 / (double)1000 / time_encoded;
      const double peak = (double)((1 << cpi->oxcf.input_bit_depth) - 1);
      const double target_rate = (double)cpi->oxcf.target_bandwidth / 1000;
      const double rate_err = ((100.0 * (dr - target_rate)) / target_rate);

      if (cpi->b_calculate_psnr) {
        const double total_psnr = vpx_sse_to_psnr(
            (double)cpi->total_samples, peak, (double)cpi->total_sq_error);
        const double totalp_psnr = vpx_sse_to_psnr(
            (double)cpi->totalp_samples, peak, (double)cpi->totalp_sq_error);
        const double total_ssim =
            100 * pow(cpi->summed_quality / cpi->summed_weights, 8.0);
        const double totalp_ssim =
            100 * pow(cpi->summedp_quality / cpi->summedp_weights, 8.0);

        snprintf(headings, sizeof(headings),
                 "Bitrate\tAVGPsnr\tGLBPsnr\tAVPsnrP\tGLPsnrP\t"
                 "VPXSSIM\tVPSSIMP\tFASTSIM\tPSNRHVS\t"
                 "WstPsnr\tWstSsim\tWstFast\tWstHVS");
        snprintf(results, sizeof(results),
                 "%7.2f\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\t"
                 "%7.3f\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\t"
                 "%7.3f\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\t%7.3f",
                 dr, cpi->psnr.stat[ALL] / cpi->count, total_psnr,
                 cpi->psnrp.stat[ALL] / cpi->count, totalp_psnr, total_ssim,
                 totalp_ssim, cpi->fastssim.stat[ALL] / cpi->count,
                 cpi->psnrhvs.stat[ALL] / cpi->count, cpi->psnr.worst,
                 cpi->worst_ssim, cpi->fastssim.worst, cpi->psnrhvs.worst);

        if (cpi->b_calculate_blockiness) {
          SNPRINT(headings, "\t  Block\tWstBlck");
          SNPRINT2(results, "\t%7.3f", cpi->total_blockiness / cpi->count);
          SNPRINT2(results, "\t%7.3f", cpi->worst_blockiness);
        }

        if (cpi->b_calculate_consistency) {
          double consistency =
              vpx_sse_to_psnr((double)cpi->totalp_samples, peak,
                              (double)cpi->total_inconsistency);

          SNPRINT(headings, "\tConsist\tWstCons");
          SNPRINT2(results, "\t%7.3f", consistency);
          SNPRINT2(results, "\t%7.3f", cpi->worst_consistency);
        }

        fprintf(f, "%s\t    Time\tRcErr\tAbsErr\n", headings);
        fprintf(f, "%s\t%8.0f\t%7.2f\t%7.2f\n", results, total_encode_time,
                rate_err, fabs(rate_err));
      }

      fclose(f);
    }

#endif

#if 0
    {
      printf("\n_pick_loop_filter_level:%d\n", cpi->time_pick_lpf / 1000);
      printf("\n_frames recive_data encod_mb_row compress_frame  Total\n");
      printf("%6d %10ld %10ld %10ld %10ld\n", cpi->common.current_video_frame,
             cpi->time_receive_data / 1000, cpi->time_encode_sb_row / 1000,
             cpi->time_compress_data / 1000,
             (cpi->time_receive_data + cpi->time_compress_data) / 1000);
    }
#endif
  }

#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
  vp9_denoiser_free(&(cpi->denoiser));
#endif

  for (t = 0; t < cpi->num_workers; ++t) {
    VPxWorker *const worker = &cpi->workers[t];
    EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &cpi->tile_thr_data[t];

    // Deallocate allocated threads.
    vpx_get_worker_interface()->end(worker);

    // Deallocate allocated thread data.
    if (t < cpi->num_workers - 1) {
      vpx_free(thread_data->td->counts);
      vp9_free_pc_tree(thread_data->td);
      vpx_free(thread_data->td);
    }
  }
  vpx_free(cpi->tile_thr_data);
  vpx_free(cpi->workers);
  vp9_row_mt_mem_dealloc(cpi);

  if (cpi->num_workers > 1) {
    vp9_loop_filter_dealloc(&cpi->lf_row_sync);
    vp9_bitstream_encode_tiles_buffer_dealloc(cpi);
  }

  vp9_alt_ref_aq_destroy(cpi->alt_ref_aq);

  dealloc_compressor_data(cpi);

  for (i = 0; i < sizeof(cpi->mbgraph_stats) / sizeof(cpi->mbgraph_stats[0]);
       ++i) {
    vpx_free(cpi->mbgraph_stats[i].mb_stats);
  }

#if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
  if (cpi->use_fp_mb_stats) {
    vpx_free(cpi->twopass.frame_mb_stats_buf);
    cpi->twopass.frame_mb_stats_buf = NULL;
  }
#endif

  vp9_remove_common(cm);
  vp9_free_ref_frame_buffers(cm->buffer_pool);
#if CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC
  vp9_free_postproc_buffers(cm);
#endif
  vpx_free(cpi);

#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_DENOISED
  fclose(yuv_denoised_file);
#endif
#endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_SKINMAP
  fclose(yuv_skinmap_file);
#endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_REC
  fclose(yuv_rec_file);
#endif

#if 0

  if (keyfile)
    fclose(keyfile);

  if (framepsnr)
    fclose(framepsnr);

  if (kf_list)
    fclose(kf_list);

#endif
}

static void generate_psnr_packet(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  struct vpx_codec_cx_pkt pkt;
  int i;
  PSNR_STATS psnr;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  vpx_calc_highbd_psnr(cpi->raw_source_frame, cpi->common.frame_to_show, &psnr,
                       cpi->td.mb.e_mbd.bd, cpi->oxcf.input_bit_depth);
#else
  vpx_calc_psnr(cpi->raw_source_frame, cpi->common.frame_to_show, &psnr);
#endif

  for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
    pkt.data.psnr.samples[i] = psnr.samples[i];
    pkt.data.psnr.sse[i] = psnr.sse[i];
    pkt.data.psnr.psnr[i] = psnr.psnr[i];
  }
  pkt.kind = VPX_CODEC_PSNR_PKT;
  if (cpi->use_svc)
    cpi->svc
        .layer_context[cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id *
                       cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers]
        .psnr_pkt = pkt.data.psnr;
  else
    vpx_codec_pkt_list_add(cpi->output_pkt_list, &pkt);
}

int vp9_use_as_reference(VP9_COMP *cpi, int ref_frame_flags) {
  if (ref_frame_flags > 7) return -1;

  cpi->ref_frame_flags = ref_frame_flags;
  return 0;
}

void vp9_update_reference(VP9_COMP *cpi, int ref_frame_flags) {
  cpi->ext_refresh_golden_frame = (ref_frame_flags & VP9_GOLD_FLAG) != 0;
  cpi->ext_refresh_alt_ref_frame = (ref_frame_flags & VP9_ALT_FLAG) != 0;
  cpi->ext_refresh_last_frame = (ref_frame_flags & VP9_LAST_FLAG) != 0;
  cpi->ext_refresh_frame_flags_pending = 1;
}

static YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *get_vp9_ref_frame_buffer(
    VP9_COMP *cpi, VP9_REFFRAME ref_frame_flag) {
  MV_REFERENCE_FRAME ref_frame = NONE;
  if (ref_frame_flag == VP9_LAST_FLAG)
    ref_frame = LAST_FRAME;
  else if (ref_frame_flag == VP9_GOLD_FLAG)
    ref_frame = GOLDEN_FRAME;
  else if (ref_frame_flag == VP9_ALT_FLAG)
    ref_frame = ALTREF_FRAME;

  return ref_frame == NONE ? NULL : get_ref_frame_buffer(cpi, ref_frame);
}

int vp9_copy_reference_enc(VP9_COMP *cpi, VP9_REFFRAME ref_frame_flag,
                           YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *sd) {
  YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *cfg = get_vp9_ref_frame_buffer(cpi, ref_frame_flag);
  if (cfg) {
    vpx_yv12_copy_frame(cfg, sd);
    return 0;
  } else {
    return -1;
  }
}

int vp9_set_reference_enc(VP9_COMP *cpi, VP9_REFFRAME ref_frame_flag,
                          YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *sd) {
  YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *cfg = get_vp9_ref_frame_buffer(cpi, ref_frame_flag);
  if (cfg) {
    vpx_yv12_copy_frame(sd, cfg);
    return 0;
  } else {
    return -1;
  }
}

int vp9_update_entropy(VP9_COMP *cpi, int update) {
  cpi->ext_refresh_frame_context = update;
  cpi->ext_refresh_frame_context_pending = 1;
  return 0;
}

#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_REC
void vp9_write_yuv_rec_frame(VP9_COMMON *cm) {
  YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *s = cm->frame_to_show;
  uint8_t *src = s->y_buffer;
  int h = cm->height;

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  if (s->flags & YV12_FLAG_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
    uint16_t *src16 = CONVERT_TO_SHORTPTR(s->y_buffer);

    do {
      fwrite(src16, s->y_width, 2, yuv_rec_file);
      src16 += s->y_stride;
    } while (--h);

    src16 = CONVERT_TO_SHORTPTR(s->u_buffer);
    h = s->uv_height;

    do {
      fwrite(src16, s->uv_width, 2, yuv_rec_file);
      src16 += s->uv_stride;
    } while (--h);

    src16 = CONVERT_TO_SHORTPTR(s->v_buffer);
    h = s->uv_height;

    do {
      fwrite(src16, s->uv_width, 2, yuv_rec_file);
      src16 += s->uv_stride;
    } while (--h);

    fflush(yuv_rec_file);
    return;
  }
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

  do {
    fwrite(src, s->y_width, 1, yuv_rec_file);
    src += s->y_stride;
  } while (--h);

  src = s->u_buffer;
  h = s->uv_height;

  do {
    fwrite(src, s->uv_width, 1, yuv_rec_file);
    src += s->uv_stride;
  } while (--h);

  src = s->v_buffer;
  h = s->uv_height;

  do {
    fwrite(src, s->uv_width, 1, yuv_rec_file);
    src += s->uv_stride;
  } while (--h);

  fflush(yuv_rec_file);
}
#endif

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
static void scale_and_extend_frame_nonnormative(const YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *src,
                                                YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *dst,
                                                int bd) {
#else
static void scale_and_extend_frame_nonnormative(const YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *src,
                                                YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *dst) {
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  // TODO(dkovalev): replace YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG with vpx_image_t
  int i;
  const uint8_t *const srcs[3] = { src->y_buffer, src->u_buffer,
                                   src->v_buffer };
  const int src_strides[3] = { src->y_stride, src->uv_stride, src->uv_stride };
  const int src_widths[3] = { src->y_crop_width, src->uv_crop_width,
                              src->uv_crop_width };
  const int src_heights[3] = { src->y_crop_height, src->uv_crop_height,
                               src->uv_crop_height };
  uint8_t *const dsts[3] = { dst->y_buffer, dst->u_buffer, dst->v_buffer };
  const int dst_strides[3] = { dst->y_stride, dst->uv_stride, dst->uv_stride };
  const int dst_widths[3] = { dst->y_crop_width, dst->uv_crop_width,
                              dst->uv_crop_width };
  const int dst_heights[3] = { dst->y_crop_height, dst->uv_crop_height,
                               dst->uv_crop_height };

  for (i = 0; i < MAX_MB_PLANE; ++i) {
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    if (src->flags & YV12_FLAG_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
      vp9_highbd_resize_plane(srcs[i], src_heights[i], src_widths[i],
                              src_strides[i], dsts[i], dst_heights[i],
                              dst_widths[i], dst_strides[i], bd);
    } else {
      vp9_resize_plane(srcs[i], src_heights[i], src_widths[i], src_strides[i],
                       dsts[i], dst_heights[i], dst_widths[i], dst_strides[i]);
    }
#else
    vp9_resize_plane(srcs[i], src_heights[i], src_widths[i], src_strides[i],
                     dsts[i], dst_heights[i], dst_widths[i], dst_strides[i]);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  }
  vpx_extend_frame_borders(dst);
}

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
static void scale_and_extend_frame(const YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *src,
                                   YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *dst, int bd,
                                   INTERP_FILTER filter_type,
                                   int phase_scaler) {
  const int src_w = src->y_crop_width;
  const int src_h = src->y_crop_height;
  const int dst_w = dst->y_crop_width;
  const int dst_h = dst->y_crop_height;
  const uint8_t *const srcs[3] = { src->y_buffer, src->u_buffer,
                                   src->v_buffer };
  const int src_strides[3] = { src->y_stride, src->uv_stride, src->uv_stride };
  uint8_t *const dsts[3] = { dst->y_buffer, dst->u_buffer, dst->v_buffer };
  const int dst_strides[3] = { dst->y_stride, dst->uv_stride, dst->uv_stride };
  const InterpKernel *const kernel = vp9_filter_kernels[filter_type];
  int x, y, i;

  for (i = 0; i < MAX_MB_PLANE; ++i) {
    const int factor = (i == 0 || i == 3 ? 1 : 2);
    const int src_stride = src_strides[i];
    const int dst_stride = dst_strides[i];
    for (y = 0; y < dst_h; y += 16) {
      const int y_q4 = y * (16 / factor) * src_h / dst_h + phase_scaler;
      for (x = 0; x < dst_w; x += 16) {
        const int x_q4 = x * (16 / factor) * src_w / dst_w + phase_scaler;
        const uint8_t *src_ptr = srcs[i] +
                                 (y / factor) * src_h / dst_h * src_stride +
                                 (x / factor) * src_w / dst_w;
        uint8_t *dst_ptr = dsts[i] + (y / factor) * dst_stride + (x / factor);

        if (src->flags & YV12_FLAG_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
          vpx_highbd_convolve8(CONVERT_TO_SHORTPTR(src_ptr), src_stride,
                               CONVERT_TO_SHORTPTR(dst_ptr), dst_stride,
                               kernel[x_q4 & 0xf], 16 * src_w / dst_w,
                               kernel[y_q4 & 0xf], 16 * src_h / dst_h,
                               16 / factor, 16 / factor, bd);
        } else {
          vpx_scaled_2d(src_ptr, src_stride, dst_ptr, dst_stride,
                        kernel[x_q4 & 0xf], 16 * src_w / dst_w,
                        kernel[y_q4 & 0xf], 16 * src_h / dst_h, 16 / factor,
                        16 / factor);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  vpx_extend_frame_borders(dst);
}
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

static int scale_down(VP9_COMP *cpi, int q) {
  RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
  GF_GROUP *const gf_group = &cpi->twopass.gf_group;
  int scale = 0;
  assert(frame_is_kf_gf_arf(cpi));

  if (rc->frame_size_selector == UNSCALED &&
      q >= rc->rf_level_maxq[gf_group->rf_level[gf_group->index]]) {
    const int max_size_thresh =
        (int)(rate_thresh_mult[SCALE_STEP1] *
              VPXMAX(rc->this_frame_target, rc->avg_frame_bandwidth));
    scale = rc->projected_frame_size > max_size_thresh ? 1 : 0;
  }
  return scale;
}

static int big_rate_miss(VP9_COMP *cpi, int high_limit, int low_limit) {
  const RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;

  return (rc->projected_frame_size > ((high_limit * 3) / 2)) ||
         (rc->projected_frame_size < (low_limit / 2));
}

// test in two pass for the first
static int two_pass_first_group_inter(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
  GF_GROUP *const gf_group = &twopass->gf_group;
  if ((cpi->oxcf.pass == 2) &&
      (gf_group->index == gf_group->first_inter_index)) {
    return 1;
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}

// Function to test for conditions that indicate we should loop
// back and recode a frame.
static int recode_loop_test(VP9_COMP *cpi, int high_limit, int low_limit, int q,
                            int maxq, int minq) {
  const RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
  const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
  const int frame_is_kfgfarf = frame_is_kf_gf_arf(cpi);
  int force_recode = 0;

  if ((rc->projected_frame_size >= rc->max_frame_bandwidth) ||
      big_rate_miss(cpi, high_limit, low_limit) ||
      (cpi->sf.recode_loop == ALLOW_RECODE) ||
      (two_pass_first_group_inter(cpi) &&
       (cpi->sf.recode_loop == ALLOW_RECODE_FIRST)) ||
      (frame_is_kfgfarf && (cpi->sf.recode_loop >= ALLOW_RECODE_KFARFGF))) {
    if (frame_is_kfgfarf && (oxcf->resize_mode == RESIZE_DYNAMIC) &&
        scale_down(cpi, q)) {
      // Code this group at a lower resolution.
      cpi->resize_pending = 1;
      return 1;
    }
    // Force recode if projected_frame_size > max_frame_bandwidth
    if (rc->projected_frame_size >= rc->max_frame_bandwidth) return 1;

    // TODO(agrange) high_limit could be greater than the scale-down threshold.
    if ((rc->projected_frame_size > high_limit && q < maxq) ||
        (rc->projected_frame_size < low_limit && q > minq)) {
      force_recode = 1;
    } else if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_CQ) {
      // Deal with frame undershoot and whether or not we are
      // below the automatically set cq level.
      if (q > oxcf->cq_level &&
          rc->projected_frame_size < ((rc->this_frame_target * 7) >> 3)) {
        force_recode = 1;
      }
    }
  }
  return force_recode;
}

void vp9_update_reference_frames(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  BufferPool *const pool = cm->buffer_pool;

  // At this point the new frame has been encoded.
  // If any buffer copy / swapping is signaled it should be done here.
  if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) {
    ref_cnt_fb(pool->frame_bufs, &cm->ref_frame_map[cpi->gld_fb_idx],
               cm->new_fb_idx);
    ref_cnt_fb(pool->frame_bufs, &cm->ref_frame_map[cpi->alt_fb_idx],
               cm->new_fb_idx);
  } else if (vp9_preserve_existing_gf(cpi)) {
    // We have decided to preserve the previously existing golden frame as our
    // new ARF frame. However, in the short term in function
    // vp9_get_refresh_mask() we left it in the GF slot and, if
    // we're updating the GF with the current decoded frame, we save it to the
    // ARF slot instead.
    // We now have to update the ARF with the current frame and swap gld_fb_idx
    // and alt_fb_idx so that, overall, we've stored the old GF in the new ARF
    // slot and, if we're updating the GF, the current frame becomes the new GF.
    int tmp;

    ref_cnt_fb(pool->frame_bufs, &cm->ref_frame_map[cpi->alt_fb_idx],
               cm->new_fb_idx);

    tmp = cpi->alt_fb_idx;
    cpi->alt_fb_idx = cpi->gld_fb_idx;
    cpi->gld_fb_idx = tmp;

    if (is_two_pass_svc(cpi)) {
      cpi->svc.layer_context[0].gold_ref_idx = cpi->gld_fb_idx;
      cpi->svc.layer_context[0].alt_ref_idx = cpi->alt_fb_idx;
    }
  } else { /* For non key/golden frames */
    if (cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame) {
      int arf_idx = cpi->alt_fb_idx;
      if ((cpi->oxcf.pass == 2) && cpi->multi_arf_allowed) {
        const GF_GROUP *const gf_group = &cpi->twopass.gf_group;
        arf_idx = gf_group->arf_update_idx[gf_group->index];
      }

      ref_cnt_fb(pool->frame_bufs, &cm->ref_frame_map[arf_idx], cm->new_fb_idx);
      memcpy(cpi->interp_filter_selected[ALTREF_FRAME],
             cpi->interp_filter_selected[0],
             sizeof(cpi->interp_filter_selected[0]));
    }

    if (cpi->refresh_golden_frame) {
      ref_cnt_fb(pool->frame_bufs, &cm->ref_frame_map[cpi->gld_fb_idx],
                 cm->new_fb_idx);
      if (!cpi->rc.is_src_frame_alt_ref)
        memcpy(cpi->interp_filter_selected[GOLDEN_FRAME],
               cpi->interp_filter_selected[0],
               sizeof(cpi->interp_filter_selected[0]));
      else
        memcpy(cpi->interp_filter_selected[GOLDEN_FRAME],
               cpi->interp_filter_selected[ALTREF_FRAME],
               sizeof(cpi->interp_filter_selected[ALTREF_FRAME]));
    }
  }

  if (cpi->refresh_last_frame) {
    ref_cnt_fb(pool->frame_bufs, &cm->ref_frame_map[cpi->lst_fb_idx],
               cm->new_fb_idx);
    if (!cpi->rc.is_src_frame_alt_ref)
      memcpy(cpi->interp_filter_selected[LAST_FRAME],
             cpi->interp_filter_selected[0],
             sizeof(cpi->interp_filter_selected[0]));
  }
#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
  if (cpi->oxcf.noise_sensitivity > 0 && denoise_svc(cpi) &&
      cpi->denoiser.denoising_level > kDenLowLow) {
    int svc_base_is_key = 0;
    if (cpi->use_svc) {
      int layer = LAYER_IDS_TO_IDX(cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id,
                                   cpi->svc.temporal_layer_id,
                                   cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers);
      LAYER_CONTEXT *lc = &cpi->svc.layer_context[layer];
      svc_base_is_key = lc->is_key_frame;
    }
    vp9_denoiser_update_frame_info(
        &cpi->denoiser, *cpi->Source, cpi->common.frame_type,
        cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame, cpi->refresh_golden_frame,
        cpi->refresh_last_frame, cpi->resize_pending, svc_base_is_key);
  }
#endif
  if (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi)) {
    // Keep track of frame index for each reference frame.
    SVC *const svc = &cpi->svc;
    if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) {
      svc->ref_frame_index[cpi->lst_fb_idx] = svc->current_superframe;
      svc->ref_frame_index[cpi->gld_fb_idx] = svc->current_superframe;
      svc->ref_frame_index[cpi->alt_fb_idx] = svc->current_superframe;
    } else {
      if (cpi->refresh_last_frame)
        svc->ref_frame_index[cpi->lst_fb_idx] = svc->current_superframe;
      if (cpi->refresh_golden_frame)
        svc->ref_frame_index[cpi->gld_fb_idx] = svc->current_superframe;
      if (cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame)
        svc->ref_frame_index[cpi->alt_fb_idx] = svc->current_superframe;
    }
  }
}

static void loopfilter_frame(VP9_COMP *cpi, VP9_COMMON *cm) {
  MACROBLOCKD *xd = &cpi->td.mb.e_mbd;
  struct loopfilter *lf = &cm->lf;

  const int is_reference_frame =
      (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME || cpi->refresh_last_frame ||
       cpi->refresh_golden_frame || cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame);

  if (xd->lossless) {
    lf->filter_level = 0;
    lf->last_filt_level = 0;
  } else {
    struct vpx_usec_timer timer;

    vpx_clear_system_state();

    vpx_usec_timer_start(&timer);

    if (!cpi->rc.is_src_frame_alt_ref) {
      if ((cpi->common.frame_type == KEY_FRAME) &&
          (!cpi->rc.this_key_frame_forced)) {
        lf->last_filt_level = 0;
      }
      vp9_pick_filter_level(cpi->Source, cpi, cpi->sf.lpf_pick);
      lf->last_filt_level = lf->filter_level;
    } else {
      lf->filter_level = 0;
    }

    vpx_usec_timer_mark(&timer);
    cpi->time_pick_lpf += vpx_usec_timer_elapsed(&timer);
  }

  if (lf->filter_level > 0 && is_reference_frame) {
    vp9_build_mask_frame(cm, lf->filter_level, 0);

    if (cpi->num_workers > 1)
      vp9_loop_filter_frame_mt(cm->frame_to_show, cm, xd->plane,
                               lf->filter_level, 0, 0, cpi->workers,
                               cpi->num_workers, &cpi->lf_row_sync);
    else
      vp9_loop_filter_frame(cm->frame_to_show, cm, xd, lf->filter_level, 0, 0);
  }

  vpx_extend_frame_inner_borders(cm->frame_to_show);
}

static INLINE void alloc_frame_mvs(VP9_COMMON *const cm, int buffer_idx) {
  RefCntBuffer *const new_fb_ptr = &cm->buffer_pool->frame_bufs[buffer_idx];
  if (new_fb_ptr->mvs == NULL || new_fb_ptr->mi_rows < cm->mi_rows ||
      new_fb_ptr->mi_cols < cm->mi_cols) {
    vpx_free(new_fb_ptr->mvs);
    CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, new_fb_ptr->mvs,
                    (MV_REF *)vpx_calloc(cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols,
                                         sizeof(*new_fb_ptr->mvs)));
    new_fb_ptr->mi_rows = cm->mi_rows;
    new_fb_ptr->mi_cols = cm->mi_cols;
  }
}

void vp9_scale_references(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
  MV_REFERENCE_FRAME ref_frame;
  const VP9_REFFRAME ref_mask[3] = { VP9_LAST_FLAG, VP9_GOLD_FLAG,
                                     VP9_ALT_FLAG };

  for (ref_frame = LAST_FRAME; ref_frame <= ALTREF_FRAME; ++ref_frame) {
    // Need to convert from VP9_REFFRAME to index into ref_mask (subtract 1).
    if (cpi->ref_frame_flags & ref_mask[ref_frame - 1]) {
      BufferPool *const pool = cm->buffer_pool;
      const YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *const ref =
          get_ref_frame_buffer(cpi, ref_frame);

      if (ref == NULL) {
        cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1] = INVALID_IDX;
        continue;
      }

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
      if (ref->y_crop_width != cm->width || ref->y_crop_height != cm->height) {
        RefCntBuffer *new_fb_ptr = NULL;
        int force_scaling = 0;
        int new_fb = cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1];
        if (new_fb == INVALID_IDX) {
          new_fb = get_free_fb(cm);
          force_scaling = 1;
        }
        if (new_fb == INVALID_IDX) return;
        new_fb_ptr = &pool->frame_bufs[new_fb];
        if (force_scaling || new_fb_ptr->buf.y_crop_width != cm->width ||
            new_fb_ptr->buf.y_crop_height != cm->height) {
          if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&new_fb_ptr->buf, cm->width, cm->height,
                                       cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
                                       cm->use_highbitdepth,
                                       VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS,
                                       cm->byte_alignment, NULL, NULL, NULL))
            vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                               "Failed to allocate frame buffer");
          scale_and_extend_frame(ref, &new_fb_ptr->buf, (int)cm->bit_depth,
                                 EIGHTTAP, 0);
          cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1] = new_fb;
          alloc_frame_mvs(cm, new_fb);
        }
#else
      if (ref->y_crop_width != cm->width || ref->y_crop_height != cm->height) {
        RefCntBuffer *new_fb_ptr = NULL;
        int force_scaling = 0;
        int new_fb = cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1];
        if (new_fb == INVALID_IDX) {
          new_fb = get_free_fb(cm);
          force_scaling = 1;
        }
        if (new_fb == INVALID_IDX) return;
        new_fb_ptr = &pool->frame_bufs[new_fb];
        if (force_scaling || new_fb_ptr->buf.y_crop_width != cm->width ||
            new_fb_ptr->buf.y_crop_height != cm->height) {
          if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(&new_fb_ptr->buf, cm->width, cm->height,
                                       cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
                                       VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS,
                                       cm->byte_alignment, NULL, NULL, NULL))
            vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                               "Failed to allocate frame buffer");
          vp9_scale_and_extend_frame(ref, &new_fb_ptr->buf, EIGHTTAP, 0);
          cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1] = new_fb;
          alloc_frame_mvs(cm, new_fb);
        }
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
      } else {
        int buf_idx;
        RefCntBuffer *buf = NULL;
        if (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0 && !cpi->use_svc) {
          // Check for release of scaled reference.
          buf_idx = cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1];
          buf = (buf_idx != INVALID_IDX) ? &pool->frame_bufs[buf_idx] : NULL;
          if (buf != NULL) {
            --buf->ref_count;
            cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1] = INVALID_IDX;
          }
        }
        buf_idx = get_ref_frame_buf_idx(cpi, ref_frame);
        buf = &pool->frame_bufs[buf_idx];
        buf->buf.y_crop_width = ref->y_crop_width;
        buf->buf.y_crop_height = ref->y_crop_height;
        cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1] = buf_idx;
        ++buf->ref_count;
      }
    } else {
      if (cpi->oxcf.pass != 0 || cpi->use_svc)
        cpi->scaled_ref_idx[ref_frame - 1] = INVALID_IDX;
    }
  }
}

static void release_scaled_references(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
  int i;
  if (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0 && !cpi->use_svc) {
    // Only release scaled references under certain conditions:
    // if reference will be updated, or if scaled reference has same resolution.
    int refresh[3];
    refresh[0] = (cpi->refresh_last_frame) ? 1 : 0;
    refresh[1] = (cpi->refresh_golden_frame) ? 1 : 0;
    refresh[2] = (cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame) ? 1 : 0;
    for (i = LAST_FRAME; i <= ALTREF_FRAME; ++i) {
      const int idx = cpi->scaled_ref_idx[i - 1];
      RefCntBuffer *const buf =
          idx != INVALID_IDX ? &cm->buffer_pool->frame_bufs[idx] : NULL;
      const YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *const ref = get_ref_frame_buffer(cpi, i);
      if (buf != NULL &&
          (refresh[i - 1] || (buf->buf.y_crop_width == ref->y_crop_width &&
                              buf->buf.y_crop_height == ref->y_crop_height))) {
        --buf->ref_count;
        cpi->scaled_ref_idx[i - 1] = INVALID_IDX;
      }
    }
  } else {
    for (i = 0; i < MAX_REF_FRAMES; ++i) {
      const int idx = cpi->scaled_ref_idx[i];
      RefCntBuffer *const buf =
          idx != INVALID_IDX ? &cm->buffer_pool->frame_bufs[idx] : NULL;
      if (buf != NULL) {
        --buf->ref_count;
        cpi->scaled_ref_idx[i] = INVALID_IDX;
      }
    }
  }
}

static void full_to_model_count(unsigned int *model_count,
                                unsigned int *full_count) {
  int n;
  model_count[ZERO_TOKEN] = full_count[ZERO_TOKEN];
  model_count[ONE_TOKEN] = full_count[ONE_TOKEN];
  model_count[TWO_TOKEN] = full_count[TWO_TOKEN];
  for (n = THREE_TOKEN; n < EOB_TOKEN; ++n)
    model_count[TWO_TOKEN] += full_count[n];
  model_count[EOB_MODEL_TOKEN] = full_count[EOB_TOKEN];
}

static void full_to_model_counts(vp9_coeff_count_model *model_count,
                                 vp9_coeff_count *full_count) {
  int i, j, k, l;

  for (i = 0; i < PLANE_TYPES; ++i)
    for (j = 0; j < REF_TYPES; ++j)
      for (k = 0; k < COEF_BANDS; ++k)
        for (l = 0; l < BAND_COEFF_CONTEXTS(k); ++l)
          full_to_model_count(model_count[i][j][k][l], full_count[i][j][k][l]);
}

#if 0 && CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
static void output_frame_level_debug_stats(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  FILE *const f = fopen("tmp.stt", cm->current_video_frame ? "a" : "w");
  int64_t recon_err;

  vpx_clear_system_state();

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  if (cm->use_highbitdepth) {
    recon_err = vpx_highbd_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
  } else {
    recon_err = vpx_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
  }
#else
  recon_err = vpx_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH


  if (cpi->twopass.total_left_stats.coded_error != 0.0) {
    double dc_quant_devisor;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    switch (cm->bit_depth) {
      case VPX_BITS_8:
        dc_quant_devisor = 4.0;
        break;
      case VPX_BITS_10:
        dc_quant_devisor = 16.0;
        break;
      case VPX_BITS_12:
        dc_quant_devisor = 64.0;
        break;
      default:
        assert(0 && "bit_depth must be VPX_BITS_8, VPX_BITS_10 or VPX_BITS_12");
        break;
    }
#else
    dc_quant_devisor = 4.0;
#endif

    fprintf(f, "%10u %dx%d %d %d %10d %10d %10d %10d"
       "%10"PRId64" %10"PRId64" %5d %5d %10"PRId64" "
       "%10"PRId64" %10"PRId64" %10d "
       "%7.2lf %7.2lf %7.2lf %7.2lf %7.2lf"
        "%6d %6d %5d %5d %5d "
        "%10"PRId64" %10.3lf"
        "%10lf %8u %10"PRId64" %10d %10d %10d %10d %10d\n",
        cpi->common.current_video_frame,
        cm->width, cm->height,
        cpi->rc.source_alt_ref_pending,
        cpi->rc.source_alt_ref_active,
        cpi->rc.this_frame_target,
        cpi->rc.projected_frame_size,
        cpi->rc.projected_frame_size / cpi->common.MBs,
        (cpi->rc.projected_frame_size - cpi->rc.this_frame_target),
        cpi->rc.vbr_bits_off_target,
        cpi->rc.vbr_bits_off_target_fast,
        cpi->twopass.extend_minq,
        cpi->twopass.extend_minq_fast,
        cpi->rc.total_target_vs_actual,
        (cpi->rc.starting_buffer_level - cpi->rc.bits_off_target),
        cpi->rc.total_actual_bits, cm->base_qindex,
        vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(cm->base_qindex, cm->bit_depth),
        (double)vp9_dc_quant(cm->base_qindex, 0, cm->bit_depth) /
            dc_quant_devisor,
        vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(cpi->twopass.active_worst_quality,
                                cm->bit_depth),
        cpi->rc.avg_q,
        vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(cpi->oxcf.cq_level, cm->bit_depth),
        cpi->refresh_last_frame, cpi->refresh_golden_frame,
        cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame, cm->frame_type, cpi->rc.gfu_boost,
        cpi->twopass.bits_left,
        cpi->twopass.total_left_stats.coded_error,
        cpi->twopass.bits_left /
            (1 + cpi->twopass.total_left_stats.coded_error),
        cpi->tot_recode_hits, recon_err, cpi->rc.kf_boost,
        cpi->twopass.kf_zeromotion_pct,
        cpi->twopass.fr_content_type,
        cm->lf.filter_level,
        cm->seg.aq_av_offset);
  }
  fclose(f);

  if (0) {
    FILE *const fmodes = fopen("Modes.stt", "a");
    int i;

    fprintf(fmodes, "%6d:%1d:%1d:%1d ", cpi->common.current_video_frame,
            cm->frame_type, cpi->refresh_golden_frame,
            cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame);

    for (i = 0; i < MAX_MODES; ++i)
      fprintf(fmodes, "%5d ", cpi->mode_chosen_counts[i]);

    fprintf(fmodes, "\n");

    fclose(fmodes);
  }
}
#endif

static void set_mv_search_params(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  const VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const unsigned int max_mv_def = VPXMIN(cm->width, cm->height);

  // Default based on max resolution.
  cpi->mv_step_param = vp9_init_search_range(max_mv_def);

  if (cpi->sf.mv.auto_mv_step_size) {
    if (frame_is_intra_only(cm)) {
      // Initialize max_mv_magnitude for use in the first INTER frame
      // after a key/intra-only frame.
      cpi->max_mv_magnitude = max_mv_def;
    } else {
      if (cm->show_frame) {
        // Allow mv_steps to correspond to twice the max mv magnitude found
        // in the previous frame, capped by the default max_mv_magnitude based
        // on resolution.
        cpi->mv_step_param = vp9_init_search_range(
            VPXMIN(max_mv_def, 2 * cpi->max_mv_magnitude));
      }
      cpi->max_mv_magnitude = 0;
    }
  }
}

static void set_size_independent_vars(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  vp9_set_speed_features_framesize_independent(cpi);
  vp9_set_rd_speed_thresholds(cpi);
  vp9_set_rd_speed_thresholds_sub8x8(cpi);
  cpi->common.interp_filter = cpi->sf.default_interp_filter;
}

static void set_size_dependent_vars(VP9_COMP *cpi, int *q, int *bottom_index,
                                    int *top_index) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;

  // Setup variables that depend on the dimensions of the frame.
  vp9_set_speed_features_framesize_dependent(cpi);

  // Decide q and q bounds.
  *q = vp9_rc_pick_q_and_bounds(cpi, bottom_index, top_index);

  if (!frame_is_intra_only(cm)) {
    vp9_set_high_precision_mv(cpi, (*q) < HIGH_PRECISION_MV_QTHRESH);
  }

  // Configure experimental use of segmentation for enhanced coding of
  // static regions if indicated.
  // Only allowed in the second pass of a two pass encode, as it requires
  // lagged coding, and if the relevant speed feature flag is set.
  if (oxcf->pass == 2 && cpi->sf.static_segmentation)
    configure_static_seg_features(cpi);

#if CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC && !(CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING)
  if (oxcf->noise_sensitivity > 0) {
    int l = 0;
    switch (oxcf->noise_sensitivity) {
      case 1: l = 20; break;
      case 2: l = 40; break;
      case 3: l = 60; break;
      case 4:
      case 5: l = 100; break;
      case 6: l = 150; break;
    }
    if (!cpi->common.postproc_state.limits) {
      cpi->common.postproc_state.limits =
          vpx_calloc(cpi->un_scaled_source->y_width,
                     sizeof(*cpi->common.postproc_state.limits));
    }
    vp9_denoise(cpi->Source, cpi->Source, l, cpi->common.postproc_state.limits);
  }
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC
}

#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
static void setup_denoiser_buffer(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  if (cpi->oxcf.noise_sensitivity > 0 &&
      !cpi->denoiser.frame_buffer_initialized) {
    if (vp9_denoiser_alloc(&cpi->denoiser, cm->width, cm->height,
                           cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                           cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                           VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS))
      vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                         "Failed to allocate denoiser");
  }
}
#endif

static void init_motion_estimation(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  int y_stride = cpi->scaled_source.y_stride;

  if (cpi->sf.mv.search_method == NSTEP) {
    vp9_init3smotion_compensation(&cpi->ss_cfg, y_stride);
  } else if (cpi->sf.mv.search_method == DIAMOND) {
    vp9_init_dsmotion_compensation(&cpi->ss_cfg, y_stride);
  }
}

static void set_frame_size(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  int ref_frame;
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &cpi->td.mb.e_mbd;

  if (oxcf->pass == 2 && oxcf->rc_mode == VPX_VBR &&
      ((oxcf->resize_mode == RESIZE_FIXED && cm->current_video_frame == 0) ||
       (oxcf->resize_mode == RESIZE_DYNAMIC && cpi->resize_pending))) {
    calculate_coded_size(cpi, &oxcf->scaled_frame_width,
                         &oxcf->scaled_frame_height);

    // There has been a change in frame size.
    vp9_set_size_literal(cpi, oxcf->scaled_frame_width,
                         oxcf->scaled_frame_height);
  }

  if (oxcf->pass == 0 && oxcf->rc_mode == VPX_CBR && !cpi->use_svc &&
      oxcf->resize_mode == RESIZE_DYNAMIC && cpi->resize_pending != 0) {
    oxcf->scaled_frame_width =
        (oxcf->width * cpi->resize_scale_num) / cpi->resize_scale_den;
    oxcf->scaled_frame_height =
        (oxcf->height * cpi->resize_scale_num) / cpi->resize_scale_den;
    // There has been a change in frame size.
    vp9_set_size_literal(cpi, oxcf->scaled_frame_width,
                         oxcf->scaled_frame_height);

    // TODO(agrange) Scale cpi->max_mv_magnitude if frame-size has changed.
    set_mv_search_params(cpi);

    vp9_noise_estimate_init(&cpi->noise_estimate, cm->width, cm->height);
#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
    // Reset the denoiser on the resized frame.
    if (cpi->oxcf.noise_sensitivity > 0) {
      vp9_denoiser_free(&(cpi->denoiser));
      setup_denoiser_buffer(cpi);
      // Dynamic resize is only triggered for non-SVC, so we can force
      // golden frame update here as temporary fix to denoiser.
      cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 1;
    }
#endif
  }

  if ((oxcf->pass == 2) &&
      (!cpi->use_svc || (is_two_pass_svc(cpi) &&
                         cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state != ENCODING))) {
    vp9_set_target_rate(cpi);
  }

  alloc_frame_mvs(cm, cm->new_fb_idx);

  // Reset the frame pointers to the current frame size.
  if (vpx_realloc_frame_buffer(get_frame_new_buffer(cm), cm->width, cm->height,
                               cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                               cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                               VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment,
                               NULL, NULL, NULL))
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                       "Failed to allocate frame buffer");

  alloc_util_frame_buffers(cpi);
  init_motion_estimation(cpi);

  for (ref_frame = LAST_FRAME; ref_frame <= ALTREF_FRAME; ++ref_frame) {
    RefBuffer *const ref_buf = &cm->frame_refs[ref_frame - 1];
    const int buf_idx = get_ref_frame_buf_idx(cpi, ref_frame);

    ref_buf->idx = buf_idx;

    if (buf_idx != INVALID_IDX) {
      YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *const buf = &cm->buffer_pool->frame_bufs[buf_idx].buf;
      ref_buf->buf = buf;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
      vp9_setup_scale_factors_for_frame(
          &ref_buf->sf, buf->y_crop_width, buf->y_crop_height, cm->width,
          cm->height, (buf->flags & YV12_FLAG_HIGHBITDEPTH) ? 1 : 0);
#else
      vp9_setup_scale_factors_for_frame(&ref_buf->sf, buf->y_crop_width,
                                        buf->y_crop_height, cm->width,
                                        cm->height);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
      if (vp9_is_scaled(&ref_buf->sf)) vpx_extend_frame_borders(buf);
    } else {
      ref_buf->buf = NULL;
    }
  }

  set_ref_ptrs(cm, xd, LAST_FRAME, LAST_FRAME);
}

static void encode_without_recode_loop(VP9_COMP *cpi, size_t *size,
                                       uint8_t *dest) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  int q = 0, bottom_index = 0, top_index = 0;  // Dummy variables.
  const INTERP_FILTER filter_scaler =
      (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi))
          ? cpi->svc.downsample_filter_type[cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id]
          : EIGHTTAP;
  const int phase_scaler =
      (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi))
          ? cpi->svc.downsample_filter_phase[cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id]
          : 0;

  // Flag to check if its valid to compute the source sad (used for
  // scene detection and for superblock content state in CBR mode).
  // The flag may get reset below based on SVC or resizing state.
  cpi->compute_source_sad_onepass =
      cpi->oxcf.mode == REALTIME && cpi->oxcf.speed >= 5 && cm->show_frame;

  vpx_clear_system_state();

  set_frame_size(cpi);

  if (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi) &&
      cpi->un_scaled_source->y_width == cm->width << 2 &&
      cpi->un_scaled_source->y_height == cm->height << 2 &&
      cpi->svc.scaled_temp.y_width == cm->width << 1 &&
      cpi->svc.scaled_temp.y_height == cm->height << 1) {
    // For svc, if it is a 1/4x1/4 downscaling, do a two-stage scaling to take
    // advantage of the 1:2 optimized scaler. In the process, the 1/2x1/2
    // result will be saved in scaled_temp and might be used later.
    const INTERP_FILTER filter_scaler2 = cpi->svc.downsample_filter_type[1];
    const int phase_scaler2 = cpi->svc.downsample_filter_phase[1];
    cpi->Source = vp9_svc_twostage_scale(
        cm, cpi->un_scaled_source, &cpi->scaled_source, &cpi->svc.scaled_temp,
        filter_scaler, phase_scaler, filter_scaler2, phase_scaler2);
    cpi->svc.scaled_one_half = 1;
  } else if (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi) &&
             cpi->un_scaled_source->y_width == cm->width << 1 &&
             cpi->un_scaled_source->y_height == cm->height << 1 &&
             cpi->svc.scaled_one_half) {
    // If the spatial layer is 1/2x1/2 and the scaling is already done in the
    // two-stage scaling, use the result directly.
    cpi->Source = &cpi->svc.scaled_temp;
    cpi->svc.scaled_one_half = 0;
  } else {
    cpi->Source = vp9_scale_if_required(
        cm, cpi->un_scaled_source, &cpi->scaled_source, (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0),
        filter_scaler, phase_scaler);
  }
  // Unfiltered raw source used in metrics calculation if the source
  // has been filtered.
  if (is_psnr_calc_enabled(cpi)) {
#ifdef ENABLE_KF_DENOISE
    if (is_spatial_denoise_enabled(cpi)) {
      cpi->raw_source_frame = vp9_scale_if_required(
          cm, &cpi->raw_unscaled_source, &cpi->raw_scaled_source,
          (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0), EIGHTTAP, phase_scaler);
    } else {
      cpi->raw_source_frame = cpi->Source;
    }
#else
    cpi->raw_source_frame = cpi->Source;
#endif
  }

  if ((cpi->use_svc &&
       (cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id < cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers - 1 ||
        cpi->svc.temporal_layer_id < cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers - 1 ||
        cpi->svc.current_superframe < 1)) ||
      cpi->resize_pending || cpi->resize_state || cpi->external_resize ||
      cpi->resize_state != ORIG) {
    cpi->compute_source_sad_onepass = 0;
    if (cpi->content_state_sb_fd != NULL)
      memset(cpi->content_state_sb_fd, 0,
             (cm->mi_stride >> 3) * ((cm->mi_rows >> 3) + 1) *
                 sizeof(*cpi->content_state_sb_fd));
  }

  // Avoid scaling last_source unless its needed.
  // Last source is needed if avg_source_sad() is used, or if
  // partition_search_type == SOURCE_VAR_BASED_PARTITION, or if noise
  // estimation is enabled.
  if (cpi->unscaled_last_source != NULL &&
      (cpi->oxcf.content == VP9E_CONTENT_SCREEN ||
       (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0 && cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_VBR &&
        cpi->oxcf.mode == REALTIME && cpi->oxcf.speed >= 5) ||
       cpi->sf.partition_search_type == SOURCE_VAR_BASED_PARTITION ||
       (cpi->noise_estimate.enabled && !cpi->oxcf.noise_sensitivity) ||
       cpi->compute_source_sad_onepass))
    cpi->Last_Source = vp9_scale_if_required(
        cm, cpi->unscaled_last_source, &cpi->scaled_last_source,
        (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0), EIGHTTAP, 0);

  if (cpi->Last_Source == NULL ||
      cpi->Last_Source->y_width != cpi->Source->y_width ||
      cpi->Last_Source->y_height != cpi->Source->y_height)
    cpi->compute_source_sad_onepass = 0;

  if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME || cpi->resize_pending != 0) {
    memset(cpi->consec_zero_mv, 0,
           cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols * sizeof(*cpi->consec_zero_mv));
  }

  vp9_update_noise_estimate(cpi);

  // Scene detection is used for VBR mode or screen-content case.
  // Make sure compute_source_sad_onepass is set (which handles SVC case
  // and dynamic resize).
  if (cpi->compute_source_sad_onepass &&
      (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_VBR ||
       cpi->oxcf.content == VP9E_CONTENT_SCREEN))
    vp9_scene_detection_onepass(cpi);

  // For 1 pass CBR SVC, only ZEROMV is allowed for spatial reference frame
  // when svc->force_zero_mode_spatial_ref = 1. Under those conditions we can
  // avoid this frame-level upsampling (for non intra_only frames).
  if (frame_is_intra_only(cm) == 0 &&
      !(is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi) && cpi->svc.force_zero_mode_spatial_ref)) {
    vp9_scale_references(cpi);
  }

  set_size_independent_vars(cpi);
  set_size_dependent_vars(cpi, &q, &bottom_index, &top_index);

  if (cpi->sf.copy_partition_flag) alloc_copy_partition_data(cpi);

  if (cpi->oxcf.speed >= 5 && cpi->oxcf.pass == 0 &&
      cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_CBR &&
      cpi->oxcf.content != VP9E_CONTENT_SCREEN &&
      cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == CYCLIC_REFRESH_AQ) {
    cpi->use_skin_detection = 1;
  }

  vp9_set_quantizer(cm, q);
  vp9_set_variance_partition_thresholds(cpi, q, 0);

  setup_frame(cpi);

  suppress_active_map(cpi);

  // Variance adaptive and in frame q adjustment experiments are mutually
  // exclusive.
  if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == VARIANCE_AQ) {
    vp9_vaq_frame_setup(cpi);
  } else if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == EQUATOR360_AQ) {
    vp9_360aq_frame_setup(cpi);
  } else if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == COMPLEXITY_AQ) {
    vp9_setup_in_frame_q_adj(cpi);
  } else if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == CYCLIC_REFRESH_AQ) {
    vp9_cyclic_refresh_setup(cpi);
  } else if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == LOOKAHEAD_AQ) {
    // it may be pretty bad for rate-control,
    // and I should handle it somehow
    vp9_alt_ref_aq_setup_map(cpi->alt_ref_aq, cpi);
  }

  apply_active_map(cpi);

  vp9_encode_frame(cpi);

  // Check if we should drop this frame because of high overshoot.
  // Only for frames where high temporal-source SAD is detected.
  if (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0 && cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_CBR &&
      cpi->resize_state == ORIG && cm->frame_type != KEY_FRAME &&
      cpi->oxcf.content == VP9E_CONTENT_SCREEN &&
      cpi->rc.high_source_sad == 1) {
    int frame_size = 0;
    // Get an estimate of the encoded frame size.
    save_coding_context(cpi);
    vp9_pack_bitstream(cpi, dest, size);
    restore_coding_context(cpi);
    frame_size = (int)(*size) << 3;
    // Check if encoded frame will overshoot too much, and if so, set the q and
    // adjust some rate control parameters, and return to re-encode the frame.
    if (vp9_encodedframe_overshoot(cpi, frame_size, &q)) {
      vpx_clear_system_state();
      vp9_set_quantizer(cm, q);
      vp9_set_variance_partition_thresholds(cpi, q, 0);
      suppress_active_map(cpi);
      // Turn-off cyclic refresh for re-encoded frame.
      if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == CYCLIC_REFRESH_AQ) {
        unsigned char *const seg_map = cpi->segmentation_map;
        memset(seg_map, 0, cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);
        vp9_disable_segmentation(&cm->seg);
      }
      apply_active_map(cpi);
      vp9_encode_frame(cpi);
    }
  }

  // Update some stats from cyclic refresh, and check for golden frame update.
  if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == CYCLIC_REFRESH_AQ && cm->seg.enabled &&
      cm->frame_type != KEY_FRAME)
    vp9_cyclic_refresh_postencode(cpi);

  // Update the skip mb flag probabilities based on the distribution
  // seen in the last encoder iteration.
  // update_base_skip_probs(cpi);
  vpx_clear_system_state();
}

#define MAX_QSTEP_ADJ 4
static int get_qstep_adj(int rate_excess, int rate_limit) {
  int qstep =
      rate_limit ? ((rate_excess + rate_limit / 2) / rate_limit) : INT_MAX;
  return VPXMIN(qstep, MAX_QSTEP_ADJ);
}

static void encode_with_recode_loop(VP9_COMP *cpi, size_t *size,
                                    uint8_t *dest) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
  int bottom_index, top_index;
  int loop_count = 0;
  int loop_at_this_size = 0;
  int loop = 0;
  int overshoot_seen = 0;
  int undershoot_seen = 0;
  int frame_over_shoot_limit;
  int frame_under_shoot_limit;
  int q = 0, q_low = 0, q_high = 0;
  int enable_acl;
#ifdef AGGRESSIVE_VBR
  int qrange_adj = 1;
#endif

  set_size_independent_vars(cpi);

  enable_acl = cpi->sf.allow_acl
                   ? (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) || (cm->show_frame == 0)
                   : 0;

  do {
    vpx_clear_system_state();

    set_frame_size(cpi);

    if (loop_count == 0 || cpi->resize_pending != 0) {
      set_size_dependent_vars(cpi, &q, &bottom_index, &top_index);

#ifdef AGGRESSIVE_VBR
      if (two_pass_first_group_inter(cpi)) {
        // Adjustment limits for min and max q
        qrange_adj = VPXMAX(1, (top_index - bottom_index) / 2);

        bottom_index =
            VPXMAX(bottom_index - qrange_adj / 2, cpi->oxcf.best_allowed_q);
        top_index =
            VPXMIN(cpi->oxcf.worst_allowed_q, top_index + qrange_adj / 2);
      }
#endif
      // TODO(agrange) Scale cpi->max_mv_magnitude if frame-size has changed.
      set_mv_search_params(cpi);

      // Reset the loop state for new frame size.
      overshoot_seen = 0;
      undershoot_seen = 0;

      // Reconfiguration for change in frame size has concluded.
      cpi->resize_pending = 0;

      q_low = bottom_index;
      q_high = top_index;

      loop_at_this_size = 0;
    }

    // Decide frame size bounds first time through.
    if (loop_count == 0) {
      vp9_rc_compute_frame_size_bounds(cpi, rc->this_frame_target,
                                       &frame_under_shoot_limit,
                                       &frame_over_shoot_limit);
    }

    cpi->Source =
        vp9_scale_if_required(cm, cpi->un_scaled_source, &cpi->scaled_source,
                              (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0), EIGHTTAP, 0);

    // Unfiltered raw source used in metrics calculation if the source
    // has been filtered.
    if (is_psnr_calc_enabled(cpi)) {
#ifdef ENABLE_KF_DENOISE
      if (is_spatial_denoise_enabled(cpi)) {
        cpi->raw_source_frame = vp9_scale_if_required(
            cm, &cpi->raw_unscaled_source, &cpi->raw_scaled_source,
            (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0), EIGHTTAP, 0);
      } else {
        cpi->raw_source_frame = cpi->Source;
      }
#else
      cpi->raw_source_frame = cpi->Source;
#endif
    }

    if (cpi->unscaled_last_source != NULL)
      cpi->Last_Source = vp9_scale_if_required(
          cm, cpi->unscaled_last_source, &cpi->scaled_last_source,
          (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0), EIGHTTAP, 0);

    if (frame_is_intra_only(cm) == 0) {
      if (loop_count > 0) {
        release_scaled_references(cpi);
      }
      vp9_scale_references(cpi);
    }

    vp9_set_quantizer(cm, q);

    if (loop_count == 0) setup_frame(cpi);

    // Variance adaptive and in frame q adjustment experiments are mutually
    // exclusive.
    if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == VARIANCE_AQ) {
      vp9_vaq_frame_setup(cpi);
    } else if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == EQUATOR360_AQ) {
      vp9_360aq_frame_setup(cpi);
    } else if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == COMPLEXITY_AQ) {
      vp9_setup_in_frame_q_adj(cpi);
    } else if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == LOOKAHEAD_AQ) {
      vp9_alt_ref_aq_setup_map(cpi->alt_ref_aq, cpi);
    }

    vp9_encode_frame(cpi);

    // Update the skip mb flag probabilities based on the distribution
    // seen in the last encoder iteration.
    // update_base_skip_probs(cpi);

    vpx_clear_system_state();

    // Dummy pack of the bitstream using up to date stats to get an
    // accurate estimate of output frame size to determine if we need
    // to recode.
    if (cpi->sf.recode_loop >= ALLOW_RECODE_KFARFGF) {
      save_coding_context(cpi);
      if (!cpi->sf.use_nonrd_pick_mode) vp9_pack_bitstream(cpi, dest, size);

      rc->projected_frame_size = (int)(*size) << 3;

      if (frame_over_shoot_limit == 0) frame_over_shoot_limit = 1;
    }

    if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_Q) {
      loop = 0;
    } else {
      if ((cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) && rc->this_key_frame_forced &&
          (rc->projected_frame_size < rc->max_frame_bandwidth)) {
        int last_q = q;
        int64_t kf_err;

        int64_t high_err_target = cpi->ambient_err;
        int64_t low_err_target = cpi->ambient_err >> 1;

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
        if (cm->use_highbitdepth) {
          kf_err = vpx_highbd_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
        } else {
          kf_err = vpx_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
        }
#else
        kf_err = vpx_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

        // Prevent possible divide by zero error below for perfect KF
        kf_err += !kf_err;

        // The key frame is not good enough or we can afford
        // to make it better without undue risk of popping.
        if ((kf_err > high_err_target &&
             rc->projected_frame_size <= frame_over_shoot_limit) ||
            (kf_err > low_err_target &&
             rc->projected_frame_size <= frame_under_shoot_limit)) {
          // Lower q_high
          q_high = q > q_low ? q - 1 : q_low;

          // Adjust Q
          q = (int)((q * high_err_target) / kf_err);
          q = VPXMIN(q, (q_high + q_low) >> 1);
        } else if (kf_err < low_err_target &&
                   rc->projected_frame_size >= frame_under_shoot_limit) {
          // The key frame is much better than the previous frame
          // Raise q_low
          q_low = q < q_high ? q + 1 : q_high;

          // Adjust Q
          q = (int)((q * low_err_target) / kf_err);
          q = VPXMIN(q, (q_high + q_low + 1) >> 1);
        }

        // Clamp Q to upper and lower limits:
        q = clamp(q, q_low, q_high);

        loop = q != last_q;
      } else if (recode_loop_test(cpi, frame_over_shoot_limit,
                                  frame_under_shoot_limit, q,
                                  VPXMAX(q_high, top_index), bottom_index)) {
        // Is the projected frame size out of range and are we allowed
        // to attempt to recode.
        int last_q = q;
        int retries = 0;
        int qstep;

        if (cpi->resize_pending == 1) {
          // Change in frame size so go back around the recode loop.
          cpi->rc.frame_size_selector =
              SCALE_STEP1 - cpi->rc.frame_size_selector;
          cpi->rc.next_frame_size_selector = cpi->rc.frame_size_selector;

#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
          ++cpi->tot_recode_hits;
#endif
          ++loop_count;
          loop = 1;
          continue;
        }

        // Frame size out of permitted range:
        // Update correction factor & compute new Q to try...

        // Frame is too large
        if (rc->projected_frame_size > rc->this_frame_target) {
          // Special case if the projected size is > the max allowed.
          if (rc->projected_frame_size >= rc->max_frame_bandwidth) {
            double q_val_high;
            q_val_high = vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(q_high, cm->bit_depth);
            q_val_high = q_val_high * ((double)rc->projected_frame_size /
                                       rc->max_frame_bandwidth);
            q_high = vp9_convert_q_to_qindex(q_val_high, cm->bit_depth);
            q_high = clamp(q_high, rc->best_quality, rc->worst_quality);
          }

          // Raise Qlow as to at least the current value
          qstep =
              get_qstep_adj(rc->projected_frame_size, rc->this_frame_target);
          q_low = VPXMIN(q + qstep, q_high);
          // q_low = q < q_high ? q + 1 : q_high;

          if (undershoot_seen || loop_at_this_size > 1) {
            // Update rate_correction_factor unless
            vp9_rc_update_rate_correction_factors(cpi);

            q = (q_high + q_low + 1) / 2;
          } else {
            // Update rate_correction_factor unless
            vp9_rc_update_rate_correction_factors(cpi);

            q = vp9_rc_regulate_q(cpi, rc->this_frame_target, bottom_index,
                                  VPXMAX(q_high, top_index));

            while (q < q_low && retries < 10) {
              vp9_rc_update_rate_correction_factors(cpi);
              q = vp9_rc_regulate_q(cpi, rc->this_frame_target, bottom_index,
                                    VPXMAX(q_high, top_index));
              retries++;
            }
          }

          overshoot_seen = 1;
        } else {
          // Frame is too small
          qstep =
              get_qstep_adj(rc->this_frame_target, rc->projected_frame_size);
          q_high = VPXMAX(q - qstep, q_low);
          // q_high = q > q_low ? q - 1 : q_low;

          if (overshoot_seen || loop_at_this_size > 1) {
            vp9_rc_update_rate_correction_factors(cpi);
            q = (q_high + q_low) / 2;
          } else {
            vp9_rc_update_rate_correction_factors(cpi);
            q = vp9_rc_regulate_q(cpi, rc->this_frame_target, bottom_index,
                                  top_index);
            // Special case reset for qlow for constrained quality.
            // This should only trigger where there is very substantial
            // undershoot on a frame and the auto cq level is above
            // the user passsed in value.
            if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_CQ && q < q_low) {
              q_low = q;
            }

            while (q > q_high && retries < 10) {
              vp9_rc_update_rate_correction_factors(cpi);
              q = vp9_rc_regulate_q(cpi, rc->this_frame_target, bottom_index,
                                    top_index);
              retries++;
            }
          }

          undershoot_seen = 1;
        }

        // Clamp Q to upper and lower limits:
        q = clamp(q, q_low, q_high);

        loop = (q != last_q);
      } else {
        loop = 0;
      }
    }

    // Special case for overlay frame.
    if (rc->is_src_frame_alt_ref &&
        rc->projected_frame_size < rc->max_frame_bandwidth)
      loop = 0;

    if (loop) {
      ++loop_count;
      ++loop_at_this_size;

#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
      ++cpi->tot_recode_hits;
#endif
    }

    if (cpi->sf.recode_loop >= ALLOW_RECODE_KFARFGF)
      if (loop || !enable_acl) restore_coding_context(cpi);
  } while (loop);

#ifdef AGGRESSIVE_VBR
  if (two_pass_first_group_inter(cpi)) {
    cpi->twopass.active_worst_quality =
        VPXMIN(q + qrange_adj, cpi->oxcf.worst_allowed_q);
  }
#endif

  if (enable_acl) {
    // Skip recoding, if model diff is below threshold
    const int thresh = compute_context_model_thresh(cpi);
    const int diff = compute_context_model_diff(cm);
    if (diff < thresh) {
      vpx_clear_system_state();
      restore_coding_context(cpi);
      return;
    }

    vp9_encode_frame(cpi);
    vpx_clear_system_state();
    restore_coding_context(cpi);
    vp9_pack_bitstream(cpi, dest, size);

    vp9_encode_frame(cpi);
    vpx_clear_system_state();

    restore_coding_context(cpi);
  }
}

static int get_ref_frame_flags(const VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  const int *const map = cpi->common.ref_frame_map;
  const int gold_is_last = map[cpi->gld_fb_idx] == map[cpi->lst_fb_idx];
  const int alt_is_last = map[cpi->alt_fb_idx] == map[cpi->lst_fb_idx];
  const int gold_is_alt = map[cpi->gld_fb_idx] == map[cpi->alt_fb_idx];
  int flags = VP9_ALT_FLAG | VP9_GOLD_FLAG | VP9_LAST_FLAG;

  if (gold_is_last) flags &= ~VP9_GOLD_FLAG;

  if (cpi->rc.frames_till_gf_update_due == INT_MAX &&
      (cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1 &&
       cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers == 1))
    flags &= ~VP9_GOLD_FLAG;

  if (alt_is_last) flags &= ~VP9_ALT_FLAG;

  if (gold_is_alt) flags &= ~VP9_ALT_FLAG;

  return flags;
}

static void set_ext_overrides(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  // Overrides the defaults with the externally supplied values with
  // vp9_update_reference() and vp9_update_entropy() calls
  // Note: The overrides are valid only for the next frame passed
  // to encode_frame_to_data_rate() function
  if (cpi->ext_refresh_frame_context_pending) {
    cpi->common.refresh_frame_context = cpi->ext_refresh_frame_context;
    cpi->ext_refresh_frame_context_pending = 0;
  }
  if (cpi->ext_refresh_frame_flags_pending) {
    cpi->refresh_last_frame = cpi->ext_refresh_last_frame;
    cpi->refresh_golden_frame = cpi->ext_refresh_golden_frame;
    cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = cpi->ext_refresh_alt_ref_frame;
  }
}

YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *vp9_svc_twostage_scale(
    VP9_COMMON *cm, YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *unscaled, YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *scaled,
    YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *scaled_temp, INTERP_FILTER filter_type,
    int phase_scaler, INTERP_FILTER filter_type2, int phase_scaler2) {
  if (cm->mi_cols * MI_SIZE != unscaled->y_width ||
      cm->mi_rows * MI_SIZE != unscaled->y_height) {
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    if (cm->bit_depth == VPX_BITS_8) {
      vp9_scale_and_extend_frame(unscaled, scaled_temp, filter_type2,
                                 phase_scaler2);
      vp9_scale_and_extend_frame(scaled_temp, scaled, filter_type,
                                 phase_scaler);
    } else {
      scale_and_extend_frame(unscaled, scaled_temp, (int)cm->bit_depth,
                             filter_type2, phase_scaler2);
      scale_and_extend_frame(scaled_temp, scaled, (int)cm->bit_depth,
                             filter_type, phase_scaler);
    }
#else
    vp9_scale_and_extend_frame(unscaled, scaled_temp, filter_type2,
                               phase_scaler2);
    vp9_scale_and_extend_frame(scaled_temp, scaled, filter_type, phase_scaler);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    return scaled;
  } else {
    return unscaled;
  }
}

YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *vp9_scale_if_required(
    VP9_COMMON *cm, YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *unscaled, YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *scaled,
    int use_normative_scaler, INTERP_FILTER filter_type, int phase_scaler) {
  if (cm->mi_cols * MI_SIZE != unscaled->y_width ||
      cm->mi_rows * MI_SIZE != unscaled->y_height) {
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    if (use_normative_scaler && unscaled->y_width <= (scaled->y_width << 1) &&
        unscaled->y_height <= (scaled->y_height << 1))
      if (cm->bit_depth == VPX_BITS_8)
        vp9_scale_and_extend_frame(unscaled, scaled, filter_type, phase_scaler);
      else
        scale_and_extend_frame(unscaled, scaled, (int)cm->bit_depth,
                               filter_type, phase_scaler);
    else
      scale_and_extend_frame_nonnormative(unscaled, scaled, (int)cm->bit_depth);
#else
    if (use_normative_scaler && unscaled->y_width <= (scaled->y_width << 1) &&
        unscaled->y_height <= (scaled->y_height << 1))
      vp9_scale_and_extend_frame(unscaled, scaled, filter_type, phase_scaler);
    else
      scale_and_extend_frame_nonnormative(unscaled, scaled);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    return scaled;
  } else {
    return unscaled;
  }
}

static void set_arf_sign_bias(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  int arf_sign_bias;

  if ((cpi->oxcf.pass == 2) && cpi->multi_arf_allowed) {
    const GF_GROUP *const gf_group = &cpi->twopass.gf_group;
    arf_sign_bias = cpi->rc.source_alt_ref_active &&
                    (!cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame ||
                     (gf_group->rf_level[gf_group->index] == GF_ARF_LOW));
  } else {
    arf_sign_bias =
        (cpi->rc.source_alt_ref_active && !cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame);
  }
  cm->ref_frame_sign_bias[ALTREF_FRAME] = arf_sign_bias;
}

static int setup_interp_filter_search_mask(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  INTERP_FILTER ifilter;
  int ref_total[MAX_REF_FRAMES] = { 0 };
  MV_REFERENCE_FRAME ref;
  int mask = 0;
  if (cpi->common.last_frame_type == KEY_FRAME || cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame)
    return mask;
  for (ref = LAST_FRAME; ref <= ALTREF_FRAME; ++ref)
    for (ifilter = EIGHTTAP; ifilter <= EIGHTTAP_SHARP; ++ifilter)
      ref_total[ref] += cpi->interp_filter_selected[ref][ifilter];

  for (ifilter = EIGHTTAP; ifilter <= EIGHTTAP_SHARP; ++ifilter) {
    if ((ref_total[LAST_FRAME] &&
         cpi->interp_filter_selected[LAST_FRAME][ifilter] == 0) &&
        (ref_total[GOLDEN_FRAME] == 0 ||
         cpi->interp_filter_selected[GOLDEN_FRAME][ifilter] * 50 <
             ref_total[GOLDEN_FRAME]) &&
        (ref_total[ALTREF_FRAME] == 0 ||
         cpi->interp_filter_selected[ALTREF_FRAME][ifilter] * 50 <
             ref_total[ALTREF_FRAME]))
      mask |= 1 << ifilter;
  }
  return mask;
}

#ifdef ENABLE_KF_DENOISE
// Baseline Kernal weights for denoise
static uint8_t dn_kernal_3[9] = { 1, 2, 1, 2, 4, 2, 1, 2, 1 };
static uint8_t dn_kernal_5[25] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 4,
                                   2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 };

static INLINE void add_denoise_point(int centre_val, int data_val, int thresh,
                                     uint8_t point_weight, int *sum_val,
                                     int *sum_weight) {
  if (abs(centre_val - data_val) <= thresh) {
    *sum_weight += point_weight;
    *sum_val += (int)data_val * (int)point_weight;
  }
}

static void spatial_denoise_point(uint8_t *src_ptr, const int stride,
                                  const int strength) {
  int sum_weight = 0;
  int sum_val = 0;
  int thresh = strength;
  int kernal_size = 5;
  int half_k_size = 2;
  int i, j;
  int max_diff = 0;
  uint8_t *tmp_ptr;
  uint8_t *kernal_ptr;

  // Find the maximum deviation from the source point in the locale.
  tmp_ptr = src_ptr - (stride * (half_k_size + 1)) - (half_k_size + 1);
  for (i = 0; i < kernal_size + 2; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < kernal_size + 2; ++j) {
      max_diff = VPXMAX(max_diff, abs((int)*src_ptr - (int)tmp_ptr[j]));
    }
    tmp_ptr += stride;
  }

  // Select the kernal size.
  if (max_diff > (strength + (strength >> 1))) {
    kernal_size = 3;
    half_k_size = 1;
    thresh = thresh >> 1;
  }
  kernal_ptr = (kernal_size == 3) ? dn_kernal_3 : dn_kernal_5;

  // Apply the kernal
  tmp_ptr = src_ptr - (stride * half_k_size) - half_k_size;
  for (i = 0; i < kernal_size; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < kernal_size; ++j) {
      add_denoise_point((int)*src_ptr, (int)tmp_ptr[j], thresh, *kernal_ptr,
                        &sum_val, &sum_weight);
      ++kernal_ptr;
    }
    tmp_ptr += stride;
  }

  // Update the source value with the new filtered value
  *src_ptr = (uint8_t)((sum_val + (sum_weight >> 1)) / sum_weight);
}

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
static void highbd_spatial_denoise_point(uint16_t *src_ptr, const int stride,
                                         const int strength) {
  int sum_weight = 0;
  int sum_val = 0;
  int thresh = strength;
  int kernal_size = 5;
  int half_k_size = 2;
  int i, j;
  int max_diff = 0;
  uint16_t *tmp_ptr;
  uint8_t *kernal_ptr;

  // Find the maximum deviation from the source point in the locale.
  tmp_ptr = src_ptr - (stride * (half_k_size + 1)) - (half_k_size + 1);
  for (i = 0; i < kernal_size + 2; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < kernal_size + 2; ++j) {
      max_diff = VPXMAX(max_diff, abs((int)src_ptr - (int)tmp_ptr[j]));
    }
    tmp_ptr += stride;
  }

  // Select the kernal size.
  if (max_diff > (strength + (strength >> 1))) {
    kernal_size = 3;
    half_k_size = 1;
    thresh = thresh >> 1;
  }
  kernal_ptr = (kernal_size == 3) ? dn_kernal_3 : dn_kernal_5;

  // Apply the kernal
  tmp_ptr = src_ptr - (stride * half_k_size) - half_k_size;
  for (i = 0; i < kernal_size; ++i) {
    for (j = 0; j < kernal_size; ++j) {
      add_denoise_point((int)*src_ptr, (int)tmp_ptr[j], thresh, *kernal_ptr,
                        &sum_val, &sum_weight);
      ++kernal_ptr;
    }
    tmp_ptr += stride;
  }

  // Update the source value with the new filtered value
  *src_ptr = (uint16_t)((sum_val + (sum_weight >> 1)) / sum_weight);
}
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

// Apply thresholded spatial noise supression to a given buffer.
static void spatial_denoise_buffer(VP9_COMP *cpi, uint8_t *buffer,
                                   const int stride, const int width,
                                   const int height, const int strength) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  uint8_t *src_ptr = buffer;
  int row;
  int col;

  for (row = 0; row < height; ++row) {
    for (col = 0; col < width; ++col) {
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
      if (cm->use_highbitdepth)
        highbd_spatial_denoise_point(CONVERT_TO_SHORTPTR(&src_ptr[col]), stride,
                                     strength);
      else
        spatial_denoise_point(&src_ptr[col], stride, strength);
#else
      spatial_denoise_point(&src_ptr[col], stride, strength);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    }
    src_ptr += stride;
  }
}

// Apply thresholded spatial noise supression to source.
static void spatial_denoise_frame(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *src = cpi->Source;
  const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
  TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;

  // Base the filter strength on the current active max Q.
  const int q = (int)(vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(twopass->active_worst_quality,
                                              cm->bit_depth));
  int strength =
      VPXMAX(oxcf->arnr_strength >> 2, VPXMIN(oxcf->arnr_strength, (q >> 4)));

  // Denoise each of Y,U and V buffers.
  spatial_denoise_buffer(cpi, src->y_buffer, src->y_stride, src->y_width,
                         src->y_height, strength);

  strength += (strength >> 1);
  spatial_denoise_buffer(cpi, src->u_buffer, src->uv_stride, src->uv_width,
                         src->uv_height, strength << 1);

  spatial_denoise_buffer(cpi, src->v_buffer, src->uv_stride, src->uv_width,
                         src->uv_height, strength << 1);
}
#endif  // ENABLE_KF_DENOISE

static void vp9_try_disable_lookahead_aq(VP9_COMP *cpi, size_t *size,
                                         uint8_t *dest) {
  if (cpi->common.seg.enabled)
    if (ALT_REF_AQ_PROTECT_GAIN) {
      size_t nsize = *size;
      int overhead;

      // TODO(yuryg): optimize this, as
      // we don't really need to repack

      save_coding_context(cpi);
      vp9_disable_segmentation(&cpi->common.seg);
      vp9_pack_bitstream(cpi, dest, &nsize);
      restore_coding_context(cpi);

      overhead = (int)*size - (int)nsize;

      if (vp9_alt_ref_aq_disable_if(cpi->alt_ref_aq, overhead, (int)*size))
        vp9_encode_frame(cpi);
      else
        vp9_enable_segmentation(&cpi->common.seg);
    }
}

static void encode_frame_to_data_rate(VP9_COMP *cpi, size_t *size,
                                      uint8_t *dest,
                                      unsigned int *frame_flags) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
  struct segmentation *const seg = &cm->seg;
  TX_SIZE t;

  set_ext_overrides(cpi);
  vpx_clear_system_state();

#ifdef ENABLE_KF_DENOISE
  // Spatial denoise of key frame.
  if (is_spatial_denoise_enabled(cpi)) spatial_denoise_frame(cpi);
#endif

  // Set the arf sign bias for this frame.
  set_arf_sign_bias(cpi);

  // Set default state for segment based loop filter update flags.
  cm->lf.mode_ref_delta_update = 0;

  if (cpi->oxcf.pass == 2 && cpi->sf.adaptive_interp_filter_search)
    cpi->sf.interp_filter_search_mask = setup_interp_filter_search_mask(cpi);

  // Set various flags etc to special state if it is a key frame.
  if (frame_is_intra_only(cm)) {
    // Reset the loop filter deltas and segmentation map.
    vp9_reset_segment_features(&cm->seg);

    // If segmentation is enabled force a map update for key frames.
    if (seg->enabled) {
      seg->update_map = 1;
      seg->update_data = 1;
    }

    // The alternate reference frame cannot be active for a key frame.
    cpi->rc.source_alt_ref_active = 0;

    cm->error_resilient_mode = oxcf->error_resilient_mode;
    cm->frame_parallel_decoding_mode = oxcf->frame_parallel_decoding_mode;

    // By default, encoder assumes decoder can use prev_mi.
    if (cm->error_resilient_mode) {
      cm->frame_parallel_decoding_mode = 1;
      cm->reset_frame_context = 0;
      cm->refresh_frame_context = 0;
    } else if (cm->intra_only) {
      // Only reset the current context.
      cm->reset_frame_context = 2;
    }
  }
  if (is_two_pass_svc(cpi) && cm->error_resilient_mode == 0) {
    // Use context 0 for intra only empty frame, but the last frame context
    // for other empty frames.
    if (cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state == ENCODING) {
      if (cpi->svc.encode_intra_empty_frame != 0)
        cm->frame_context_idx = 0;
      else
        cm->frame_context_idx = FRAME_CONTEXTS - 1;
    } else {
      cm->frame_context_idx =
          cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id * cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers +
          cpi->svc.temporal_layer_id;
    }

    cm->frame_parallel_decoding_mode = oxcf->frame_parallel_decoding_mode;

    // The probs will be updated based on the frame type of its previous
    // frame if frame_parallel_decoding_mode is 0. The type may vary for
    // the frame after a key frame in base layer since we may drop enhancement
    // layers. So set frame_parallel_decoding_mode to 1 in this case.
    if (cm->frame_parallel_decoding_mode == 0) {
      if (cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1) {
        if (cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id == 0 &&
            cpi->svc.layer_context[0].last_frame_type == KEY_FRAME)
          cm->frame_parallel_decoding_mode = 1;
      } else if (cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id == 0) {
        // Find the 2nd frame in temporal base layer and 1st frame in temporal
        // enhancement layers from the key frame.
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers; ++i) {
          if (cpi->svc.layer_context[0].frames_from_key_frame == 1 << i) {
            cm->frame_parallel_decoding_mode = 1;
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // For 1 pass CBR, check if we are dropping this frame.
  // For spatial layers, for now only check for frame-dropping on first spatial
  // layer, and if decision is to drop, we drop whole super-frame.
  if (oxcf->pass == 0 && oxcf->rc_mode == VPX_CBR &&
      cm->frame_type != KEY_FRAME) {
    if (vp9_rc_drop_frame(cpi) ||
        (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi) && cpi->svc.rc_drop_superframe == 1)) {
      vp9_rc_postencode_update_drop_frame(cpi);
      ++cm->current_video_frame;
      cpi->ext_refresh_frame_flags_pending = 0;
      cpi->svc.rc_drop_superframe = 1;
      cpi->last_frame_dropped = 1;
      // TODO(marpan): Advancing the svc counters on dropped frames can break
      // the referencing scheme for the fixed svc patterns defined in
      // vp9_one_pass_cbr_svc_start_layer(). Look into fixing this issue, but
      // for now, don't advance the svc frame counters on dropped frame.
      // if (cpi->use_svc)
      //   vp9_inc_frame_in_layer(cpi);

      return;
    }
  }

  vpx_clear_system_state();

#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
  memset(cpi->mode_chosen_counts, 0,
         MAX_MODES * sizeof(*cpi->mode_chosen_counts));
#endif

  if (cpi->sf.recode_loop == DISALLOW_RECODE) {
    encode_without_recode_loop(cpi, size, dest);
  } else {
    encode_with_recode_loop(cpi, size, dest);
  }

  cpi->last_frame_dropped = 0;

  // Disable segmentation if it decrease rate/distortion ratio
  if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == LOOKAHEAD_AQ)
    vp9_try_disable_lookahead_aq(cpi, size, dest);

#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_DENOISED
  if (oxcf->noise_sensitivity > 0 && denoise_svc(cpi)) {
    vp9_write_yuv_frame_420(&cpi->denoiser.running_avg_y[INTRA_FRAME],
                            yuv_denoised_file);
  }
#endif
#endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_YUV_SKINMAP
  if (cpi->common.current_video_frame > 1) {
    vp9_compute_skin_map(cpi, yuv_skinmap_file);
  }
#endif

  // Special case code to reduce pulsing when key frames are forced at a
  // fixed interval. Note the reconstruction error if it is the frame before
  // the force key frame
  if (cpi->rc.next_key_frame_forced && cpi->rc.frames_to_key == 1) {
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    if (cm->use_highbitdepth) {
      cpi->ambient_err =
          vpx_highbd_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
    } else {
      cpi->ambient_err = vpx_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
    }
#else
    cpi->ambient_err = vpx_get_y_sse(cpi->Source, get_frame_new_buffer(cm));
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  }

  // If the encoder forced a KEY_FRAME decision
  if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) cpi->refresh_last_frame = 1;

  cm->frame_to_show = get_frame_new_buffer(cm);
  cm->frame_to_show->color_space = cm->color_space;
  cm->frame_to_show->color_range = cm->color_range;
  cm->frame_to_show->render_width = cm->render_width;
  cm->frame_to_show->render_height = cm->render_height;

  // Pick the loop filter level for the frame.
  loopfilter_frame(cpi, cm);

  // build the bitstream
  vp9_pack_bitstream(cpi, dest, size);

  if (cm->seg.update_map) update_reference_segmentation_map(cpi);

  if (frame_is_intra_only(cm) == 0) {
    release_scaled_references(cpi);
  }
  vp9_update_reference_frames(cpi);

  for (t = TX_4X4; t <= TX_32X32; t++)
    full_to_model_counts(cpi->td.counts->coef[t],
                         cpi->td.rd_counts.coef_counts[t]);

  if (!cm->error_resilient_mode && !cm->frame_parallel_decoding_mode)
    vp9_adapt_coef_probs(cm);

  if (!frame_is_intra_only(cm)) {
    if (!cm->error_resilient_mode && !cm->frame_parallel_decoding_mode) {
      vp9_adapt_mode_probs(cm);
      vp9_adapt_mv_probs(cm, cm->allow_high_precision_mv);
    }
  }

  cpi->ext_refresh_frame_flags_pending = 0;

  if (cpi->refresh_golden_frame == 1)
    cpi->frame_flags |= FRAMEFLAGS_GOLDEN;
  else
    cpi->frame_flags &= ~FRAMEFLAGS_GOLDEN;

  if (cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame == 1)
    cpi->frame_flags |= FRAMEFLAGS_ALTREF;
  else
    cpi->frame_flags &= ~FRAMEFLAGS_ALTREF;

  cpi->ref_frame_flags = get_ref_frame_flags(cpi);

  cm->last_frame_type = cm->frame_type;

  if (!(is_two_pass_svc(cpi) && cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state == ENCODING))
    vp9_rc_postencode_update(cpi, *size);

#if 0
  output_frame_level_debug_stats(cpi);
#endif

  if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) {
    // Tell the caller that the frame was coded as a key frame
    *frame_flags = cpi->frame_flags | FRAMEFLAGS_KEY;
  } else {
    *frame_flags = cpi->frame_flags & ~FRAMEFLAGS_KEY;
  }

  // Clear the one shot update flags for segmentation map and mode/ref loop
  // filter deltas.
  cm->seg.update_map = 0;
  cm->seg.update_data = 0;
  cm->lf.mode_ref_delta_update = 0;

  // keep track of the last coded dimensions
  cm->last_width = cm->width;
  cm->last_height = cm->height;

  // reset to normal state now that we are done.
  if (!cm->show_existing_frame) cm->last_show_frame = cm->show_frame;

  if (cm->show_frame) {
    vp9_swap_mi_and_prev_mi(cm);
    // Don't increment frame counters if this was an altref buffer
    // update not a real frame
    ++cm->current_video_frame;
    if (cpi->use_svc) vp9_inc_frame_in_layer(cpi);
  }
  cm->prev_frame = cm->cur_frame;

  if (cpi->use_svc)
    cpi->svc
        .layer_context[cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id *
                           cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers +
                       cpi->svc.temporal_layer_id]
        .last_frame_type = cm->frame_type;

  cpi->force_update_segmentation = 0;

  if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == LOOKAHEAD_AQ)
    vp9_alt_ref_aq_unset_all(cpi->alt_ref_aq, cpi);
}

static void SvcEncode(VP9_COMP *cpi, size_t *size, uint8_t *dest,
                      unsigned int *frame_flags) {
  vp9_rc_get_svc_params(cpi);
  encode_frame_to_data_rate(cpi, size, dest, frame_flags);
}

static void Pass0Encode(VP9_COMP *cpi, size_t *size, uint8_t *dest,
                        unsigned int *frame_flags) {
  if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_CBR) {
    vp9_rc_get_one_pass_cbr_params(cpi);
  } else {
    vp9_rc_get_one_pass_vbr_params(cpi);
  }
  encode_frame_to_data_rate(cpi, size, dest, frame_flags);
}

static void Pass2Encode(VP9_COMP *cpi, size_t *size, uint8_t *dest,
                        unsigned int *frame_flags) {
  cpi->allow_encode_breakout = ENCODE_BREAKOUT_ENABLED;
  encode_frame_to_data_rate(cpi, size, dest, frame_flags);

  if (!(is_two_pass_svc(cpi) && cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state == ENCODING))
    vp9_twopass_postencode_update(cpi);
}

static void init_ref_frame_bufs(VP9_COMMON *cm) {
  int i;
  BufferPool *const pool = cm->buffer_pool;
  cm->new_fb_idx = INVALID_IDX;
  for (i = 0; i < REF_FRAMES; ++i) {
    cm->ref_frame_map[i] = INVALID_IDX;
    pool->frame_bufs[i].ref_count = 0;
  }
}

static void check_initial_width(VP9_COMP *cpi,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                                int use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                                int subsampling_x, int subsampling_y) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;

  if (!cpi->initial_width ||
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
      cm->use_highbitdepth != use_highbitdepth ||
#endif
      cm->subsampling_x != subsampling_x ||
      cm->subsampling_y != subsampling_y) {
    cm->subsampling_x = subsampling_x;
    cm->subsampling_y = subsampling_y;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    cm->use_highbitdepth = use_highbitdepth;
#endif

    alloc_raw_frame_buffers(cpi);
    init_ref_frame_bufs(cm);
    alloc_util_frame_buffers(cpi);

    init_motion_estimation(cpi);  // TODO(agrange) This can be removed.

    cpi->initial_width = cm->width;
    cpi->initial_height = cm->height;
    cpi->initial_mbs = cm->MBs;
  }
}

int vp9_receive_raw_frame(VP9_COMP *cpi, vpx_enc_frame_flags_t frame_flags,
                          YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *sd, int64_t time_stamp,
                          int64_t end_time) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  struct vpx_usec_timer timer;
  int res = 0;
  const int subsampling_x = sd->subsampling_x;
  const int subsampling_y = sd->subsampling_y;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  const int use_highbitdepth = (sd->flags & YV12_FLAG_HIGHBITDEPTH) != 0;
#endif

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  check_initial_width(cpi, use_highbitdepth, subsampling_x, subsampling_y);
#else
  check_initial_width(cpi, subsampling_x, subsampling_y);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
  setup_denoiser_buffer(cpi);
#endif
  vpx_usec_timer_start(&timer);

  if (vp9_lookahead_push(cpi->lookahead, sd, time_stamp, end_time,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                         use_highbitdepth,
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                         frame_flags))
    res = -1;
  vpx_usec_timer_mark(&timer);
  cpi->time_receive_data += vpx_usec_timer_elapsed(&timer);

  if ((cm->profile == PROFILE_0 || cm->profile == PROFILE_2) &&
      (subsampling_x != 1 || subsampling_y != 1)) {
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM,
                       "Non-4:2:0 color format requires profile 1 or 3");
    res = -1;
  }
  if ((cm->profile == PROFILE_1 || cm->profile == PROFILE_3) &&
      (subsampling_x == 1 && subsampling_y == 1)) {
    vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM,
                       "4:2:0 color format requires profile 0 or 2");
    res = -1;
  }

  return res;
}

static int frame_is_reference(const VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  const VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;

  return cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME || cpi->refresh_last_frame ||
         cpi->refresh_golden_frame || cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame ||
         cm->refresh_frame_context || cm->lf.mode_ref_delta_update ||
         cm->seg.update_map || cm->seg.update_data;
}

static void adjust_frame_rate(VP9_COMP *cpi,
                              const struct lookahead_entry *source) {
  int64_t this_duration;
  int step = 0;

  if (source->ts_start == cpi->first_time_stamp_ever) {
    this_duration = source->ts_end - source->ts_start;
    step = 1;
  } else {
    int64_t last_duration =
        cpi->last_end_time_stamp_seen - cpi->last_time_stamp_seen;

    this_duration = source->ts_end - cpi->last_end_time_stamp_seen;

    // do a step update if the duration changes by 10%
    if (last_duration)
      step = (int)((this_duration - last_duration) * 10 / last_duration);
  }

  if (this_duration) {
    if (step) {
      vp9_new_framerate(cpi, 10000000.0 / this_duration);
    } else {
      // Average this frame's rate into the last second's average
      // frame rate. If we haven't seen 1 second yet, then average
      // over the whole interval seen.
      const double interval = VPXMIN(
          (double)(source->ts_end - cpi->first_time_stamp_ever), 10000000.0);
      double avg_duration = 10000000.0 / cpi->framerate;
      avg_duration *= (interval - avg_duration + this_duration);
      avg_duration /= interval;

      vp9_new_framerate(cpi, 10000000.0 / avg_duration);
    }
  }
  cpi->last_time_stamp_seen = source->ts_start;
  cpi->last_end_time_stamp_seen = source->ts_end;
}

// Returns 0 if this is not an alt ref else the offset of the source frame
// used as the arf midpoint.
static int get_arf_src_index(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
  int arf_src_index = 0;
  if (is_altref_enabled(cpi)) {
    if (cpi->oxcf.pass == 2) {
      const GF_GROUP *const gf_group = &cpi->twopass.gf_group;
      if (gf_group->update_type[gf_group->index] == ARF_UPDATE) {
        arf_src_index = gf_group->arf_src_offset[gf_group->index];
      }
    } else if (rc->source_alt_ref_pending) {
      arf_src_index = rc->frames_till_gf_update_due;
    }
  }
  return arf_src_index;
}

static void check_src_altref(VP9_COMP *cpi,
                             const struct lookahead_entry *source) {
  RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;

  if (cpi->oxcf.pass == 2) {
    const GF_GROUP *const gf_group = &cpi->twopass.gf_group;
    rc->is_src_frame_alt_ref =
        (gf_group->update_type[gf_group->index] == OVERLAY_UPDATE);
  } else {
    rc->is_src_frame_alt_ref =
        cpi->alt_ref_source && (source == cpi->alt_ref_source);
  }

  if (rc->is_src_frame_alt_ref) {
    // Current frame is an ARF overlay frame.
    cpi->alt_ref_source = NULL;

    // Don't refresh the last buffer for an ARF overlay frame. It will
    // become the GF so preserve last as an alternative prediction option.
    cpi->refresh_last_frame = 0;
  }
}

#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
extern double vp9_get_blockiness(const uint8_t *img1, int img1_pitch,
                                 const uint8_t *img2, int img2_pitch, int width,
                                 int height);

static void adjust_image_stat(double y, double u, double v, double all,
                              ImageStat *s) {
  s->stat[Y] += y;
  s->stat[U] += u;
  s->stat[V] += v;
  s->stat[ALL] += all;
  s->worst = VPXMIN(s->worst, all);
}
#endif  // CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS

// Adjust the maximum allowable frame size for the target level.
static void level_rc_framerate(VP9_COMP *cpi, int arf_src_index) {
  RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
  LevelConstraint *const ls = &cpi->level_constraint;
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const double max_cpb_size = ls->max_cpb_size;
  vpx_clear_system_state();
  rc->max_frame_bandwidth = VPXMIN(rc->max_frame_bandwidth, ls->max_frame_size);
  if (frame_is_intra_only(cm)) {
    rc->max_frame_bandwidth =
        VPXMIN(rc->max_frame_bandwidth, (int)(max_cpb_size * 0.5));
  } else if (arf_src_index > 0) {
    rc->max_frame_bandwidth =
        VPXMIN(rc->max_frame_bandwidth, (int)(max_cpb_size * 0.4));
  } else {
    rc->max_frame_bandwidth =
        VPXMIN(rc->max_frame_bandwidth, (int)(max_cpb_size * 0.2));
  }
}

static void update_level_info(VP9_COMP *cpi, size_t *size, int arf_src_index) {
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  Vp9LevelInfo *const level_info = &cpi->level_info;
  Vp9LevelSpec *const level_spec = &level_info->level_spec;
  Vp9LevelStats *const level_stats = &level_info->level_stats;
  int i, idx;
  uint64_t luma_samples, dur_end;
  const uint32_t luma_pic_size = cm->width * cm->height;
  LevelConstraint *const level_constraint = &cpi->level_constraint;
  const int8_t level_index = level_constraint->level_index;
  double cpb_data_size;

  vpx_clear_system_state();

  // update level_stats
  level_stats->total_compressed_size += *size;
  if (cm->show_frame) {
    level_stats->total_uncompressed_size +=
        luma_pic_size +
        2 * (luma_pic_size >> (cm->subsampling_x + cm->subsampling_y));
    level_stats->time_encoded =
        (cpi->last_end_time_stamp_seen - cpi->first_time_stamp_ever) /
        (double)TICKS_PER_SEC;
  }

  if (arf_src_index > 0) {
    if (!level_stats->seen_first_altref) {
      level_stats->seen_first_altref = 1;
    } else if (level_stats->frames_since_last_altref <
               level_spec->min_altref_distance) {
      level_spec->min_altref_distance = level_stats->frames_since_last_altref;
    }
    level_stats->frames_since_last_altref = 0;
  } else {
    ++level_stats->frames_since_last_altref;
  }

  if (level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len < FRAME_WINDOW_SIZE - 1) {
    idx = (level_stats->frame_window_buffer.start +
           level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len++) %
          FRAME_WINDOW_SIZE;
  } else {
    idx = level_stats->frame_window_buffer.start;
    level_stats->frame_window_buffer.start = (idx + 1) % FRAME_WINDOW_SIZE;
  }
  level_stats->frame_window_buffer.buf[idx].ts = cpi->last_time_stamp_seen;
  level_stats->frame_window_buffer.buf[idx].size = (uint32_t)(*size);
  level_stats->frame_window_buffer.buf[idx].luma_samples = luma_pic_size;

  if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) {
    level_stats->ref_refresh_map = 0;
  } else {
    int count = 0;
    level_stats->ref_refresh_map |= vp9_get_refresh_mask(cpi);
    // Also need to consider the case where the encoder refers to a buffer
    // that has been implicitly refreshed after encoding a keyframe.
    if (!cm->intra_only) {
      level_stats->ref_refresh_map |= (1 << cpi->lst_fb_idx);
      level_stats->ref_refresh_map |= (1 << cpi->gld_fb_idx);
      level_stats->ref_refresh_map |= (1 << cpi->alt_fb_idx);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < REF_FRAMES; ++i) {
      count += (level_stats->ref_refresh_map >> i) & 1;
    }
    if (count > level_spec->max_ref_frame_buffers) {
      level_spec->max_ref_frame_buffers = count;
    }
  }

  // update average_bitrate
  level_spec->average_bitrate = (double)level_stats->total_compressed_size /
                                125.0 / level_stats->time_encoded;

  // update max_luma_sample_rate
  luma_samples = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len; ++i) {
    idx = (level_stats->frame_window_buffer.start +
           level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len - 1 - i) %
          FRAME_WINDOW_SIZE;
    if (i == 0) {
      dur_end = level_stats->frame_window_buffer.buf[idx].ts;
    }
    if (dur_end - level_stats->frame_window_buffer.buf[idx].ts >=
        TICKS_PER_SEC) {
      break;
    }
    luma_samples += level_stats->frame_window_buffer.buf[idx].luma_samples;
  }
  if (luma_samples > level_spec->max_luma_sample_rate) {
    level_spec->max_luma_sample_rate = luma_samples;
  }

  // update max_cpb_size
  cpb_data_size = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < CPB_WINDOW_SIZE; ++i) {
    if (i >= level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len) break;
    idx = (level_stats->frame_window_buffer.start +
           level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len - 1 - i) %
          FRAME_WINDOW_SIZE;
    cpb_data_size += level_stats->frame_window_buffer.buf[idx].size;
  }
  cpb_data_size = cpb_data_size / 125.0;
  if (cpb_data_size > level_spec->max_cpb_size) {
    level_spec->max_cpb_size = cpb_data_size;
  }

  // update max_luma_picture_size
  if (luma_pic_size > level_spec->max_luma_picture_size) {
    level_spec->max_luma_picture_size = luma_pic_size;
  }

  // update compression_ratio
  level_spec->compression_ratio = (double)level_stats->total_uncompressed_size *
                                  cm->bit_depth /
                                  level_stats->total_compressed_size / 8.0;

  // update max_col_tiles
  if (level_spec->max_col_tiles < (1 << cm->log2_tile_cols)) {
    level_spec->max_col_tiles = (1 << cm->log2_tile_cols);
  }

  if (level_index >= 0 && level_constraint->fail_flag == 0) {
    if (level_spec->max_luma_picture_size >
        vp9_level_defs[level_index].max_luma_picture_size) {
      level_constraint->fail_flag |= (1 << LUMA_PIC_SIZE_TOO_LARGE);
      vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_ERROR,
                         "Failed to encode to the target level %d. %s",
                         vp9_level_defs[level_index].level,
                         level_fail_messages[LUMA_PIC_SIZE_TOO_LARGE]);
    }

    if ((double)level_spec->max_luma_sample_rate >
        (double)vp9_level_defs[level_index].max_luma_sample_rate *
            (1 + SAMPLE_RATE_GRACE_P)) {
      level_constraint->fail_flag |= (1 << LUMA_SAMPLE_RATE_TOO_LARGE);
      vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_ERROR,
                         "Failed to encode to the target level %d. %s",
                         vp9_level_defs[level_index].level,
                         level_fail_messages[LUMA_SAMPLE_RATE_TOO_LARGE]);
    }

    if (level_spec->max_col_tiles > vp9_level_defs[level_index].max_col_tiles) {
      level_constraint->fail_flag |= (1 << TOO_MANY_COLUMN_TILE);
      vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_ERROR,
                         "Failed to encode to the target level %d. %s",
                         vp9_level_defs[level_index].level,
                         level_fail_messages[TOO_MANY_COLUMN_TILE]);
    }

    if (level_spec->min_altref_distance <
        vp9_level_defs[level_index].min_altref_distance) {
      level_constraint->fail_flag |= (1 << ALTREF_DIST_TOO_SMALL);
      vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_ERROR,
                         "Failed to encode to the target level %d. %s",
                         vp9_level_defs[level_index].level,
                         level_fail_messages[ALTREF_DIST_TOO_SMALL]);
    }

    if (level_spec->max_ref_frame_buffers >
        vp9_level_defs[level_index].max_ref_frame_buffers) {
      level_constraint->fail_flag |= (1 << TOO_MANY_REF_BUFFER);
      vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_ERROR,
                         "Failed to encode to the target level %d. %s",
                         vp9_level_defs[level_index].level,
                         level_fail_messages[TOO_MANY_REF_BUFFER]);
    }

    if (level_spec->max_cpb_size > vp9_level_defs[level_index].max_cpb_size) {
      level_constraint->fail_flag |= (1 << CPB_TOO_LARGE);
      vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_ERROR,
                         "Failed to encode to the target level %d. %s",
                         vp9_level_defs[level_index].level,
                         level_fail_messages[CPB_TOO_LARGE]);
    }

    // Set an upper bound for the next frame size. It will be used in
    // level_rc_framerate() before encoding the next frame.
    cpb_data_size = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < CPB_WINDOW_SIZE - 1; ++i) {
      if (i >= level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len) break;
      idx = (level_stats->frame_window_buffer.start +
             level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len - 1 - i) %
            FRAME_WINDOW_SIZE;
      cpb_data_size += level_stats->frame_window_buffer.buf[idx].size;
    }
    cpb_data_size = cpb_data_size / 125.0;
    level_constraint->max_frame_size =
        (int)((vp9_level_defs[level_index].max_cpb_size - cpb_data_size) *
              1000.0);
    if (level_stats->frame_window_buffer.len < CPB_WINDOW_SIZE - 1)
      level_constraint->max_frame_size >>= 1;
  }
}

int vp9_get_compressed_data(VP9_COMP *cpi, unsigned int *frame_flags,
                            size_t *size, uint8_t *dest, int64_t *time_stamp,
                            int64_t *time_end, int flush) {
  const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
  VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  BufferPool *const pool = cm->buffer_pool;
  RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
  struct vpx_usec_timer cmptimer;
  YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *force_src_buffer = NULL;
  struct lookahead_entry *last_source = NULL;
  struct lookahead_entry *source = NULL;
  int arf_src_index;
  int i;

  if (is_two_pass_svc(cpi)) {
#if CONFIG_SPATIAL_SVC
    vp9_svc_start_frame(cpi);
    // Use a small empty frame instead of a real frame
    if (cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state == ENCODING)
      source = &cpi->svc.empty_frame;
#endif
    if (oxcf->pass == 2) vp9_restore_layer_context(cpi);
  } else if (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi)) {
    vp9_one_pass_cbr_svc_start_layer(cpi);
  }

  vpx_usec_timer_start(&cmptimer);

  vp9_set_high_precision_mv(cpi, ALTREF_HIGH_PRECISION_MV);

  // Is multi-arf enabled.
  // Note that at the moment multi_arf is only configured for 2 pass VBR and
  // will not work properly with svc.
  if ((oxcf->pass == 2) && !cpi->use_svc && (cpi->oxcf.enable_auto_arf > 1))
    cpi->multi_arf_allowed = 1;
  else
    cpi->multi_arf_allowed = 0;

  // Normal defaults
  cm->reset_frame_context = 0;
  cm->refresh_frame_context = 1;
  if (!is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi)) {
    cpi->refresh_last_frame = 1;
    cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 0;
    cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 0;
  }

  // Should we encode an arf frame.
  arf_src_index = get_arf_src_index(cpi);

  // Skip alt frame if we encode the empty frame
  if (is_two_pass_svc(cpi) && source != NULL) arf_src_index = 0;

  if (arf_src_index) {
    for (i = 0; i <= arf_src_index; ++i) {
      struct lookahead_entry *e = vp9_lookahead_peek(cpi->lookahead, i);
      // Avoid creating an alt-ref if there's a forced keyframe pending.
      if (e == NULL) {
        break;
      } else if (e->flags == VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF) {
        arf_src_index = 0;
        flush = 1;
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  if (arf_src_index) {
    assert(arf_src_index <= rc->frames_to_key);

    if ((source = vp9_lookahead_peek(cpi->lookahead, arf_src_index)) != NULL) {
      cpi->alt_ref_source = source;

#if CONFIG_SPATIAL_SVC
      if (is_two_pass_svc(cpi) && cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id > 0) {
        int i;
        // Reference a hidden frame from a lower layer
        for (i = cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
          if (oxcf->ss_enable_auto_arf[i]) {
            cpi->gld_fb_idx = cpi->svc.layer_context[i].alt_ref_idx;
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      cpi->svc.layer_context[cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id].has_alt_frame = 1;
#endif

      if ((oxcf->mode != REALTIME) && (oxcf->arnr_max_frames > 0) &&
          (oxcf->arnr_strength > 0)) {
        int bitrate = cpi->rc.avg_frame_bandwidth / 40;
        int not_low_bitrate = bitrate > ALT_REF_AQ_LOW_BITRATE_BOUNDARY;

        int not_last_frame = (cpi->lookahead->sz - arf_src_index > 1);
        not_last_frame |= ALT_REF_AQ_APPLY_TO_LAST_FRAME;

        // Produce the filtered ARF frame.
        vp9_temporal_filter(cpi, arf_src_index);
        vpx_extend_frame_borders(&cpi->alt_ref_buffer);

        // for small bitrates segmentation overhead usually
        // eats all bitrate gain from enabling delta quantizers
        if (cpi->oxcf.alt_ref_aq != 0 && not_low_bitrate && not_last_frame)
          vp9_alt_ref_aq_setup_mode(cpi->alt_ref_aq, cpi);

        force_src_buffer = &cpi->alt_ref_buffer;
      }

      cm->show_frame = 0;
      cm->intra_only = 0;
      cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 1;
      cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 0;
      cpi->refresh_last_frame = 0;
      rc->is_src_frame_alt_ref = 0;
      rc->source_alt_ref_pending = 0;
    } else {
      rc->source_alt_ref_pending = 0;
    }
  }

  if (!source) {
    // Get last frame source.
    if (cm->current_video_frame > 0) {
      if ((last_source = vp9_lookahead_peek(cpi->lookahead, -1)) == NULL)
        return -1;
    }

    // Read in the source frame.
    if (cpi->use_svc)
      source = vp9_svc_lookahead_pop(cpi, cpi->lookahead, flush);
    else
      source = vp9_lookahead_pop(cpi->lookahead, flush);

    if (source != NULL) {
      cm->show_frame = 1;
      cm->intra_only = 0;
      // if the flags indicate intra frame, but if the current picture is for
      // non-zero spatial layer, it should not be an intra picture.
      // TODO(Won Kap): this needs to change if per-layer intra frame is
      // allowed.
      if ((source->flags & VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF) &&
          cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id > cpi->svc.first_spatial_layer_to_encode) {
        source->flags &= ~(unsigned int)(VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF);
      }

      // Check to see if the frame should be encoded as an arf overlay.
      check_src_altref(cpi, source);
    }
  }

  if (source) {
    cpi->un_scaled_source = cpi->Source =
        force_src_buffer ? force_src_buffer : &source->img;

#ifdef ENABLE_KF_DENOISE
    // Copy of raw source for metrics calculation.
    if (is_psnr_calc_enabled(cpi))
      vp9_copy_and_extend_frame(cpi->Source, &cpi->raw_unscaled_source);
#endif

    cpi->unscaled_last_source = last_source != NULL ? &last_source->img : NULL;

    *time_stamp = source->ts_start;
    *time_end = source->ts_end;
    *frame_flags = (source->flags & VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF) ? FRAMEFLAGS_KEY : 0;

  } else {
    *size = 0;
    if (flush && oxcf->pass == 1 && !cpi->twopass.first_pass_done) {
      vp9_end_first_pass(cpi); /* get last stats packet */
      cpi->twopass.first_pass_done = 1;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  if (source->ts_start < cpi->first_time_stamp_ever) {
    cpi->first_time_stamp_ever = source->ts_start;
    cpi->last_end_time_stamp_seen = source->ts_start;
  }

  // Clear down mmx registers
  vpx_clear_system_state();

  // adjust frame rates based on timestamps given
  if (cm->show_frame) {
    adjust_frame_rate(cpi, source);
  }

  if (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi)) {
    vp9_update_temporal_layer_framerate(cpi);
    vp9_restore_layer_context(cpi);
  }

  // Find a free buffer for the new frame, releasing the reference previously
  // held.
  if (cm->new_fb_idx != INVALID_IDX) {
    --pool->frame_bufs[cm->new_fb_idx].ref_count;
  }
  cm->new_fb_idx = get_free_fb(cm);

  if (cm->new_fb_idx == INVALID_IDX) return -1;

  cm->cur_frame = &pool->frame_bufs[cm->new_fb_idx];

  if (!cpi->use_svc && cpi->multi_arf_allowed) {
    if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) {
      init_buffer_indices(cpi);
    } else if (oxcf->pass == 2) {
      const GF_GROUP *const gf_group = &cpi->twopass.gf_group;
      cpi->alt_fb_idx = gf_group->arf_ref_idx[gf_group->index];
    }
  }

  // Start with a 0 size frame.
  *size = 0;

  cpi->frame_flags = *frame_flags;

  if ((oxcf->pass == 2) &&
      (!cpi->use_svc || (is_two_pass_svc(cpi) &&
                         cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state != ENCODING))) {
    vp9_rc_get_second_pass_params(cpi);
  } else if (oxcf->pass == 1) {
    set_frame_size(cpi);
  }

  if (oxcf->pass != 1 && cpi->level_constraint.level_index >= 0 &&
      cpi->level_constraint.fail_flag == 0)
    level_rc_framerate(cpi, arf_src_index);

  if (cpi->oxcf.pass != 0 || cpi->use_svc || frame_is_intra_only(cm) == 1) {
    for (i = 0; i < MAX_REF_FRAMES; ++i) cpi->scaled_ref_idx[i] = INVALID_IDX;
  }

  cpi->td.mb.fp_src_pred = 0;
  if (oxcf->pass == 1 && (!cpi->use_svc || is_two_pass_svc(cpi))) {
    const int lossless = is_lossless_requested(oxcf);
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    if (cpi->oxcf.use_highbitdepth)
      cpi->td.mb.fwd_txm4x4 =
          lossless ? vp9_highbd_fwht4x4 : vpx_highbd_fdct4x4;
    else
      cpi->td.mb.fwd_txm4x4 = lossless ? vp9_fwht4x4 : vpx_fdct4x4;
    cpi->td.mb.highbd_itxm_add =
        lossless ? vp9_highbd_iwht4x4_add : vp9_highbd_idct4x4_add;
#else
    cpi->td.mb.fwd_txm4x4 = lossless ? vp9_fwht4x4 : vpx_fdct4x4;
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
    cpi->td.mb.itxm_add = lossless ? vp9_iwht4x4_add : vp9_idct4x4_add;
    vp9_first_pass(cpi, source);
  } else if (oxcf->pass == 2 && (!cpi->use_svc || is_two_pass_svc(cpi))) {
    Pass2Encode(cpi, size, dest, frame_flags);
  } else if (cpi->use_svc) {
    SvcEncode(cpi, size, dest, frame_flags);
  } else {
    // One pass encode
    Pass0Encode(cpi, size, dest, frame_flags);
  }

  if (cm->refresh_frame_context)
    cm->frame_contexts[cm->frame_context_idx] = *cm->fc;

  // No frame encoded, or frame was dropped, release scaled references.
  if ((*size == 0) && (frame_is_intra_only(cm) == 0)) {
    release_scaled_references(cpi);
  }

  if (*size > 0) {
    cpi->droppable = !frame_is_reference(cpi);
  }

  // Save layer specific state.
  if (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi) || ((cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers > 1 ||
                                    cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers > 1) &&
                                   oxcf->pass == 2)) {
    vp9_save_layer_context(cpi);
  }

  vpx_usec_timer_mark(&cmptimer);
  cpi->time_compress_data += vpx_usec_timer_elapsed(&cmptimer);

  // Should we calculate metrics for the frame.
  if (is_psnr_calc_enabled(cpi)) generate_psnr_packet(cpi);

  if (cpi->keep_level_stats && oxcf->pass != 1)
    update_level_info(cpi, size, arf_src_index);

#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS

  if (oxcf->pass != 1) {
    double samples = 0.0;
    cpi->bytes += (int)(*size);

    if (cm->show_frame) {
      uint32_t bit_depth = 8;
      uint32_t in_bit_depth = 8;
      cpi->count++;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
      if (cm->use_highbitdepth) {
        in_bit_depth = cpi->oxcf.input_bit_depth;
        bit_depth = cm->bit_depth;
      }
#endif

      if (cpi->b_calculate_psnr) {
        YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *orig = cpi->raw_source_frame;
        YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *recon = cpi->common.frame_to_show;
        YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *pp = &cm->post_proc_buffer;
        PSNR_STATS psnr;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
        vpx_calc_highbd_psnr(orig, recon, &psnr, cpi->td.mb.e_mbd.bd,
                             in_bit_depth);
#else
        vpx_calc_psnr(orig, recon, &psnr);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

        adjust_image_stat(psnr.psnr[1], psnr.psnr[2], psnr.psnr[3],
                          psnr.psnr[0], &cpi->psnr);
        cpi->total_sq_error += psnr.sse[0];
        cpi->total_samples += psnr.samples[0];
        samples = psnr.samples[0];

        {
          PSNR_STATS psnr2;
          double frame_ssim2 = 0, weight = 0;
#if CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC
          if (vpx_alloc_frame_buffer(
                  pp, recon->y_crop_width, recon->y_crop_height,
                  cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y,
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
                  cm->use_highbitdepth,
#endif
                  VP9_ENC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS, cm->byte_alignment) < 0) {
            vpx_internal_error(&cm->error, VPX_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                               "Failed to allocate post processing buffer");
          }
          {
            vp9_ppflags_t ppflags;
            ppflags.post_proc_flag = VP9D_DEBLOCK;
            ppflags.deblocking_level = 0;  // not used in vp9_post_proc_frame()
            ppflags.noise_level = 0;       // not used in vp9_post_proc_frame()
            vp9_post_proc_frame(cm, pp, &ppflags);
          }
#endif
          vpx_clear_system_state();

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
          vpx_calc_highbd_psnr(orig, pp, &psnr2, cpi->td.mb.e_mbd.bd,
                               cpi->oxcf.input_bit_depth);
#else
          vpx_calc_psnr(orig, pp, &psnr2);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

          cpi->totalp_sq_error += psnr2.sse[0];
          cpi->totalp_samples += psnr2.samples[0];
          adjust_image_stat(psnr2.psnr[1], psnr2.psnr[2], psnr2.psnr[3],
                            psnr2.psnr[0], &cpi->psnrp);

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
          if (cm->use_highbitdepth) {
            frame_ssim2 = vpx_highbd_calc_ssim(orig, recon, &weight, bit_depth,
                                               in_bit_depth);
          } else {
            frame_ssim2 = vpx_calc_ssim(orig, recon, &weight);
          }
#else
          frame_ssim2 = vpx_calc_ssim(orig, recon, &weight);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

          cpi->worst_ssim = VPXMIN(cpi->worst_ssim, frame_ssim2);
          cpi->summed_quality += frame_ssim2 * weight;
          cpi->summed_weights += weight;

#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
          if (cm->use_highbitdepth) {
            frame_ssim2 = vpx_highbd_calc_ssim(orig, pp, &weight, bit_depth,
                                               in_bit_depth);
          } else {
            frame_ssim2 = vpx_calc_ssim(orig, pp, &weight);
          }
#else
          frame_ssim2 = vpx_calc_ssim(orig, pp, &weight);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

          cpi->summedp_quality += frame_ssim2 * weight;
          cpi->summedp_weights += weight;
#if 0
          {
            FILE *f = fopen("q_used.stt", "a");
            fprintf(f, "%5d : Y%f7.3:U%f7.3:V%f7.3:F%f7.3:S%7.3f\n",
                    cpi->common.current_video_frame, y2, u2, v2,
                    frame_psnr2, frame_ssim2);
            fclose(f);
          }
#endif
        }
      }
      if (cpi->b_calculate_blockiness) {
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
        if (!cm->use_highbitdepth)
#endif
        {
          double frame_blockiness = vp9_get_blockiness(
              cpi->Source->y_buffer, cpi->Source->y_stride,
              cm->frame_to_show->y_buffer, cm->frame_to_show->y_stride,
              cpi->Source->y_width, cpi->Source->y_height);
          cpi->worst_blockiness =
              VPXMAX(cpi->worst_blockiness, frame_blockiness);
          cpi->total_blockiness += frame_blockiness;
        }
      }

      if (cpi->b_calculate_consistency) {
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
        if (!cm->use_highbitdepth)
#endif
        {
          double this_inconsistency = vpx_get_ssim_metrics(
              cpi->Source->y_buffer, cpi->Source->y_stride,
              cm->frame_to_show->y_buffer, cm->frame_to_show->y_stride,
              cpi->Source->y_width, cpi->Source->y_height, cpi->ssim_vars,
              &cpi->metrics, 1);

          const double peak = (double)((1 << cpi->oxcf.input_bit_depth) - 1);
          double consistency =
              vpx_sse_to_psnr(samples, peak, (double)cpi->total_inconsistency);
          if (consistency > 0.0)
            cpi->worst_consistency =
                VPXMIN(cpi->worst_consistency, consistency);
          cpi->total_inconsistency += this_inconsistency;
        }
      }

      {
        double y, u, v, frame_all;
        frame_all = vpx_calc_fastssim(cpi->Source, cm->frame_to_show, &y, &u,
                                      &v, bit_depth, in_bit_depth);
        adjust_image_stat(y, u, v, frame_all, &cpi->fastssim);
      }
      {
        double y, u, v, frame_all;
        frame_all = vpx_psnrhvs(cpi->Source, cm->frame_to_show, &y, &u, &v,
                                bit_depth, in_bit_depth);
        adjust_image_stat(y, u, v, frame_all, &cpi->psnrhvs);
      }
    }
  }

#endif

  if (is_two_pass_svc(cpi)) {
    if (cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state == ENCODING) {
      cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state = ENCODED;
      cpi->svc.encode_intra_empty_frame = 0;
    }

    if (cm->show_frame) {
      ++cpi->svc.spatial_layer_to_encode;
      if (cpi->svc.spatial_layer_to_encode >= cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers)
        cpi->svc.spatial_layer_to_encode = 0;

      // May need the empty frame after an visible frame.
      cpi->svc.encode_empty_frame_state = NEED_TO_ENCODE;
    }
  } else if (is_one_pass_cbr_svc(cpi)) {
    if (cm->show_frame) {
      ++cpi->svc.spatial_layer_to_encode;
      if (cpi->svc.spatial_layer_to_encode >= cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers)
        cpi->svc.spatial_layer_to_encode = 0;
    }
  }

  vpx_clear_system_state();
  return 0;
}

int vp9_get_preview_raw_frame(VP9_COMP *cpi, YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *dest,
                              vp9_ppflags_t *flags) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
#if !CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC
  (void)flags;
#endif

  if (!cm->show_frame) {
    return -1;
  } else {
    int ret;
#if CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC
    ret = vp9_post_proc_frame(cm, dest, flags);
#else
    if (cm->frame_to_show) {
      *dest = *cm->frame_to_show;
      dest->y_width = cm->width;
      dest->y_height = cm->height;
      dest->uv_width = cm->width >> cm->subsampling_x;
      dest->uv_height = cm->height >> cm->subsampling_y;
      ret = 0;
    } else {
      ret = -1;
    }
#endif  // !CONFIG_VP9_POSTPROC
    vpx_clear_system_state();
    return ret;
  }
}

int vp9_set_internal_size(VP9_COMP *cpi, VPX_SCALING horiz_mode,
                          VPX_SCALING vert_mode) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
  int hr = 0, hs = 0, vr = 0, vs = 0;

  if (horiz_mode > ONETWO || vert_mode > ONETWO) return -1;

  Scale2Ratio(horiz_mode, &hr, &hs);
  Scale2Ratio(vert_mode, &vr, &vs);

  // always go to the next whole number
  cm->width = (hs - 1 + cpi->oxcf.width * hr) / hs;
  cm->height = (vs - 1 + cpi->oxcf.height * vr) / vs;
  if (cm->current_video_frame) {
    assert(cm->width <= cpi->initial_width);
    assert(cm->height <= cpi->initial_height);
  }

  update_frame_size(cpi);

  return 0;
}

int vp9_set_size_literal(VP9_COMP *cpi, unsigned int width,
                         unsigned int height) {
  VP9_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
#if CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
  check_initial_width(cpi, cm->use_highbitdepth, 1, 1);
#else
  check_initial_width(cpi, 1, 1);
#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH

#if CONFIG_VP9_TEMPORAL_DENOISING
  setup_denoiser_buffer(cpi);
#endif

  if (width) {
    cm->width = width;
    if (cm->width > cpi->initial_width) {
      cm->width = cpi->initial_width;
      printf("Warning: Desired width too large, changed to %d\n", cm->width);
    }
  }

  if (height) {
    cm->height = height;
    if (cm->height > cpi->initial_height) {
      cm->height = cpi->initial_height;
      printf("Warning: Desired height too large, changed to %d\n", cm->height);
    }
  }
  assert(cm->width <= cpi->initial_width);
  assert(cm->height <= cpi->initial_height);

  update_frame_size(cpi);

  return 0;
}

void vp9_set_svc(VP9_COMP *cpi, int use_svc) {
  cpi->use_svc = use_svc;
  return;
}

int vp9_get_quantizer(VP9_COMP *cpi) { return cpi->common.base_qindex; }

void vp9_apply_encoding_flags(VP9_COMP *cpi, vpx_enc_frame_flags_t flags) {
  if (flags &
      (VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF)) {
    int ref = 7;

    if (flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST) ref ^= VP9_LAST_FLAG;

    if (flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF) ref ^= VP9_GOLD_FLAG;

    if (flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF) ref ^= VP9_ALT_FLAG;

    vp9_use_as_reference(cpi, ref);
  }

  if (flags &
      (VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
       VP8_EFLAG_FORCE_GF | VP8_EFLAG_FORCE_ARF)) {
    int upd = 7;

    if (flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST) upd ^= VP9_LAST_FLAG;

    if (flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF) upd ^= VP9_GOLD_FLAG;

    if (flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF) upd ^= VP9_ALT_FLAG;

    vp9_update_reference(cpi, upd);
  }

  if (flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY) {
    vp9_update_entropy(cpi, 0);
  }
}

void vp9_set_row_mt(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
  // Enable row based multi-threading for supported modes of encoding
  cpi->row_mt = 0;
  if (((cpi->oxcf.mode == GOOD || cpi->oxcf.mode == BEST) &&
       cpi->oxcf.speed < 5 && cpi->oxcf.pass == 1) &&
      cpi->oxcf.row_mt && !cpi->use_svc)
    cpi->row_mt = 1;

  if (cpi->oxcf.mode == GOOD && cpi->oxcf.speed < 5 &&
      (cpi->oxcf.pass == 0 || cpi->oxcf.pass == 2) && cpi->oxcf.row_mt &&
      !cpi->use_svc)
    cpi->row_mt = 1;

  // In realtime mode, enable row based multi-threading for all the speed levels
  // where non-rd path is used.
  if (cpi->oxcf.mode == REALTIME && cpi->oxcf.speed >= 5 && cpi->oxcf.row_mt) {
    cpi->row_mt = 1;
  }

  if (cpi->row_mt && cpi->oxcf.max_threads > 1)
    cpi->row_mt_bit_exact = 1;
  else
    cpi->row_mt_bit_exact = 0;
}