Merge branch 'develop' into Workaround_Thread_Local_MinGW

Fix user_type example in cheatsheet.md

.decent_ci-Linux.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+compilers:
+  - name: "clang"
+    version: "3.5"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "clang"
+    build_tag: "LibC++"
+    version: "3.5"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "clang"
+    build_tag: AddressSanitizer
+    version: "3.6"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DRUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "clang"
+    build_tag: ThreadSanitizer
+    version: "3.6"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "gcc"
+    version: "4.8"
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "gcc"
+    version: "4.6"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+  - name: cppcheck
+    compiler_extra_flags: --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr -Umax  --suppress="*:cmake*" --suppress="*:unittests/catch.hpp" --force
+

.decent_ci-MacOS.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+compilers:
+  - name: clang
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA
+    build_package_generator: TBZ2
+  - name: clang
+    build_type: Debug
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA
+    skip_packaging: true
+

.decent_ci-Windows.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+compilers:
+  - name: Visual Studio
+    version: 14
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
+    compiler_extra_flags: /analyze
+    skip_packaging: true
+  - name: Visual Studio
+    version: 14
+    architecture: Win64
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
+    compiler_extra_flags: /analyze
+    skip_packaging: true
+  - name: Visual Studio
+    version: 12
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
+  - name: Visual Studio
+    version: 12
+    architecture: Win64
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
+

.decent_ci.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+results_repository : ChaiScript/ChaiScript-BuildResults
+results_path : _posts
+results_base_url : https://chaiscript.github.io/ChaiScript-BuildResults
+aging_pull_requests_notification: true

.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+language: cpp
+compiler:
+  - gcc
+env:
+  matrix:
+    - GCC_VER="4.6"
+    - GCC_VER="4.8"
+
+  global:
+    - secure: eiaR6pXiiEpyB8+LLQ1NvZdl0Yylru1BLy9lMoHl+IpUNGGQGywmW/2WAn77rFfmR1OPA2qWQLfgPwgK0HxUA9HHlot9tre5QhiN2Lw8NOT8tCZ6tTm2+QntDBjBGJyal/knRvQkn/6qs6GxlXRerz4ArnnuPL1vESt3zwB0YtU=
+    # The next declaration is the encrypted COVERITY_SCAN_TOKEN, created
+    - secure: "LfolGjP8tWm3yAwthfu3yp8Zn40aueFae580UUR34gusG87cyglq2tQDtxdy+63gWEeNfArbv9n5rZv+bDW3ggHyPjuCKKc1PlZAy07lfXUXf1uz+SFhNvNoYTn3mQG3VZ08o116p4Le2p8yqu4bylJ8wckEq7PrTwvSGVQWTWM="
+
+before_install:
+  - export CXX="g++-$GCC_VER" CC="gcc-$GCC_VER" GCOV="gcov-$GCC_VER"
+  - if [ "$GCC_VER" = "4.8" ]; then export COVERAGE=1 CPPCHECK=1; fi
+  - if [ ${COVERAGE} = 1 ]; then export FUZZY_CMD="-D RUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE"; fi
+  - sudo pip install cpp-coveralls
+  - sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test -y
+  - sudo apt-get update
+  - sudo apt-get install -qq g++-$GCC_VER
+
+script: 
+  - if [ ${COVERITY_SCAN_BRANCH} != 1 ]; then cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug $FUZZY_CMD . ; fi
+  - if [ ${COVERITY_SCAN_BRANCH} != 1 ]; then make -j2 ; fi
+  - make test
+  - if [ ${COVERAGE} = 1 ]; then bash <(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/codecov/codecov-bash/master/codecov) -x $GCOV -a "-s `pwd`" ; fi
+
+after_script:
+  - if [ ${CPPCHECK} = 1 ]; then contrib/codeanalysis/runcppcheck.sh ; fi
+
+
+notifications:
+  email:
+    recipients:
+      - jason@emptycrate.com
+    on_success: always
+    on_failure: always
+  webhooks:
+    urls:
+      - https://webhooks.gitter.im/e/4be9a2720eaa1bb2a6c9
+    on_success: change  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
+    on_failure: always  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
+    on_start: false     # default: false
+
+addons:
+  coverity_scan:
+    project:
+      name: "ChaiScript/ChaiScript"
+      description: "Build submitted via Travis CI"
+    notification_email: jason@emptycrate.com
+    build_command_prepend: "cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug . "
+    build_command:   "cmake --build . -- -j2"
+    branch_pattern: coverity_scan
+
+

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,45 +1,471 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
+
+if(NOT ${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.1")
+  cmake_policy(SET CMP0054 NEW)
+endif()
+
+IF(BIICODE)
+  INIT_BIICODE_BLOCK()
+  ADD_BIICODE_TARGETS()
+ELSE()
+  # Your regular CMakeLists configuration here
+
 
 project(chaiscript)
 
-FIND_LIBRARY(READLINE_LIBRARY NAMES readline PATH /usr/lib /usr/local/lib /opt/local/lib)
+option(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED "Multithreaded Support Enabled" TRUE)
 
-MESSAGE(STATUS "Detecting readline support")
-if (READLINE_LIBRARY)
-    MESSAGE(STATUS "Found: ${READLINE_LIBRARY}")
-    SET (READLINE_LIB readline)
-    SET (READLINE_FLAG " -DREADLINE_AVAILABLE")
-else(READLINE_LIBRARY)
-    MESSAGE(STATUS "Not Found")
-    SET (READLINE_LIB )
-    SET (READLINE_FLAG )
-endif(READLINE_LIBRARY)
 
-SET (CMAKE_C_FLAGS_REL " -Wall -O3 ${READLINE_FLAG}")
-SET (CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_REL " -Wall -O3 ${READLINE_FLAG}")
+option(BUILD_MODULES "Build Extra Modules (stl)" TRUE)
+option(BUILD_SAMPLES "Build Samples Folder" FALSE)
+option(RUN_FUZZY_TESTS "Run tests generated by AFL" FALSE)
+option(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED "Use std::make_shared instead of chaiscript::make_shared" FALSE)
 
-SET (CMAKE_C_FLAGS " -Wall -ggdb ${READLINE_FLAG}")
-SET (CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS " -Wall -ggdb ${READLINE_FLAG}")
+mark_as_advanced(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED)
+
+if(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED)
+  add_definitions(-DCHAISCRIPT_USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED)
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
+  option(ENABLE_COVERAGE "Enable Coverage Reporting in GCC" FALSE)
+
+  if(ENABLE_COVERAGE)
+    add_definitions(--coverage -O0)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} --coverage")
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
+  option(ENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER "Enable thread sanitizer testing in gcc/clang" FALSE)
+  if(ENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER)
+    add_definitions(-fsanitize=thread -g)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fsanitize=thread")
+  endif()
+
+  option(ENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER "Enable address sanitizer testing in gcc/clang" FALSE)
+  if(ENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER)
+    add_definitions(-fsanitize=address -g)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fsanitize=address")
+  endif()
+
+  option(ENABLE_MEMORY_SANITIZER "Enable memory sanitizer testing in gcc/clang" FALSE)
+  if(ENABLE_MEMORY_SANITIZER)
+    add_definitions(-fsanitize=memory -g)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fsanitize=memory")
+  endif()
+
+  option(ENABLE_UNDEFINED_SANITIZER "Enable undefined behavior sanitizer testing in gcc/clang" FALSE)
+  if(ENABLE_UNDEFINED_SANITIZER)
+    add_definitions(-fsanitize=undefined -g)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fsanitize=undefined")
+  endif()
+
+  option(ENABLE_LTO "Enable Link Time Optimization" FALSE)
+
+  if (ENABLE_LTO)
+    add_definitions(-flto)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -flto")
+  endif()
+
+  option(GPROF_OUTPUT "Generate profile data" FALSE)
+  if (GPROF_OUTPUT)
+    add_definitions(-pg)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -pg")
+  endif()
+
+
+  option(PROFILE_GENERATE "Generate profile data" FALSE)
+  if (PROFILE_GENERATE)
+    add_definitions(-fprofile-generate)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-generate")
+  endif()
+
+  option(PROFILE_USE "Use profile data" FALSE)
+  if (PROFILE_USE)
+    add_definitions(-fprofile-use)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-use")
+  endif()
+
+
+endif()
+
+list(APPEND CPACK_SOURCE_IGNORE_FILES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}")
+list(APPEND CPACK_SOURCE_IGNORE_FILES "\\\\.svn")
+list(APPEND CPACK_SOURCE_IGNORE_FILES "\\\\.git")
+list(APPEND CPACK_SOURCE_IGNORE_FILES ".swp")
+list(APPEND CPACK_SOURCE_IGNORE_FILES ".*~")
+
+set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_LICENSE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/license.txt")
+set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_README "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/readme.md")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION_FILE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/description.txt")
+
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR 5)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR 7)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH 2)
+
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_EXECUTABLES "chai;ChaiScript Eval")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VENDOR "ChaiScript.com")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_CONTACT "contact@chaiscript.com")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION_SUMMARY "An embedded scripting language for C++")
+
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_SECTION "devel")
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_PRIORITY "optional")
+
+set(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_LICENSE "BSD")
+set(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_GROUP "Programming")
+
+set(CHAI_VERSION ${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR}.${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR}.${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH})
+
+configure_file(Doxyfile.in ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/Doxyfile)
+
+include(CTest)
+include(CPack)
+
+include(cmake/CheckCXX11Features.cmake)
+
+if(NOT MINGW)
+  find_library(READLINE_LIBRARY NAMES readline PATH /usr/lib /usr/local/lib /opt/local/lib)
+endif()
+
+if(HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
+  message(STATUS "Variadic Template support detected")
+else()
+  message(SEND_ERROR "The selected compiler does not support the C++11 feature Variadic Templates.")
+endif()
+
+enable_testing()
+
+
+message(STATUS "Detecting readline support")
+if(READLINE_LIBRARY)
+  message(STATUS "Found: ${READLINE_LIBRARY}")
+  set(READLINE_LIB readline)
+  add_definitions(/DREADLINE_AVAILABLE)
+else()
+  message(STATUS "Not Found")
+  set(READLINE_LIB)
+  set(READLINE_FLAG)
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
+  execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -dumpversion OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCC_VERSION)
+
+  if(GCC_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.8)
+    set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++0x")
+  else()
+    set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++11")
+  endif()
+else()
+  set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++11")
+endif()
+
+if(MSVC)
+  add_definitions(/W4)
+
+  # VS2013 doesn't have magic statics
+  if (MSVC_VERSION STREQUAL "1800")
+    add_definitions(/w44640)
+  endif()
+
+  add_definitions(/bigobj)
+  # Note on MSVC compiler flags.
+  # The code base selective disables warnings as necessary when the compiler is complaining too much
+  # about something that is perfectly valid, or there is simply no technical way around it
+  # This particular warning, C4503 is in regards to the decorated names that MSVC generates internally.
+  # The error did not come up until the move to C++11, but the compiler doesn't give enough information
+  # to determine where the error is coming from, and the internet provides no real information for
+  # how to workaround or fix the error. So I'm disabling it globally.
+  add_definitions(/wd4503)
+else()
+  add_definitions(-Wall -Wextra -Wshadow -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wold-style-cast -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wunused -Woverloaded-virtual  -pedantic ${CPP11_FLAG})
+
+  if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
+    add_definitions(-Weverything -Wno-c++98-compat-pedantic  -Wno-c++98-compat -Wno-documentation -Wno-switch-enum -Wno-weak-vtables -Wno-sign-conversion -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-padded -Wno-missing-noreturn -Wno-exit-time-destructors)
+  else()
+    add_definitions(-Wnoexcept)
+  endif()
+
+  if(APPLE)
+    add_definitions(-Wno-sign-compare)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
+  option(USE_LIBCXX "Use clang's libcxx" TRUE)
+
+  if(USE_LIBCXX)
+    add_definitions(-stdlib=libc++)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} ${CPP11_FLAG} -stdlib=libc++")
+  else()
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} ${CPP11_FLAG}")
+  endif()
+elseif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
+  set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} ${CPP11_FLAG}")
+endif()
+
+# limitations in MinGW require us to make an optimized build
+# for the sake of object sizes or something
+if(MINGW OR CYGWIN)
+  add_definitions(-O3)
+endif()
 
 include_directories(include)
 
-find_package(Boost 1.36.0 COMPONENTS thread)
 
-if (Boost_FOUND)
-	include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-	add_executable(chaiscript_eval src/main.cpp)
-	#add_executable(dispatchkit_test contrib/test/dispatchkit_test.cpp)
-	target_link_libraries(chaiscript_eval dl ${Boost_LIBRARIES} ${READLINE_LIB})
+set(Chai_INCLUDES include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_engine.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_eval.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.chai include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude_docs.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp)
 
-        add_library(test MODULE src/test_module.cpp)
-	target_link_libraries(test ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
+set_source_files_properties(${Chai_INCLUDES} PROPERTIES HEADER_FILE_ONLY TRUE)
 
+if(NOT MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)
+  add_definitions(-DCHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS)
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_HOST_UNIX)
+  if(NOT ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "FreeBSD" AND NOT ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Haiku")
+    list(APPEND LIBS "dl")
+  endif()
+
+  if(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)
+    if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
+      execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCC_FULL_VERSION)
+      if(GCC_FULL_VERSION MATCHES "4.8.1.*ubuntu")
+        set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,--no-as-needed -pthread")
+      else()
+        set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -pthread")
+      endif()
+    else()
+      set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -pthread")
+    endif()
+
+    add_definitions(-pthread)
+  endif()
+
+endif()
+
+list(APPEND LIBS ${READLINE_LIB})
+
+set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
+set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
+set(CMAKE_MODULE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_MODULE_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
+
+
+add_library(chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} MODULE src/chaiscript_stdlib.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} ${LIBS} ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+
+add_executable(chai src/main.cpp ${Chai_INCLUDES})
+target_link_libraries(chai ${LIBS})
+add_dependencies(chai chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION})
+
+if(BUILD_SAMPLES)
+  add_executable(example samples/example.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(example ${LIBS})
+  add_executable(test_num_exceptions samples/test_num_exceptions.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(test_num_exceptions ${LIBS})
+  add_executable(memory_leak_test samples/memory_leak_test.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(memory_leak_test ${LIBS})
+  add_executable(inheritance samples/inheritance.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(inheritance ${LIBS})
+  add_executable(factory samples/factory.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(factory ${LIBS})
+  add_executable(fun_call_performance samples/fun_call_performance.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(fun_call_performance ${LIBS})
+endif()
+
+
+if(BUILD_MODULES)
   add_library(stl_extra MODULE src/stl_extra.cpp)
-	target_link_libraries(stl_extra ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
+  target_link_libraries(stl_extra ${LIBS})
 
-	install(TARGETS chaiscript_eval DESTINATION ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)
+  set(MODULES stl_extra)
+endif()
 
-else(Boost_FOUND)
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "Can not find Boost")
-endif(Boost_FOUND)
+file(GLOB UNIT_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/*.chai ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/3.x/*.chai)
+list(SORT UNIT_TESTS)
+
+
+if (RUN_FUZZY_TESTS)
+
+  file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests")
+
+  execute_process(
+    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E tar xjf ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests-2015-07-16.tar.bz2
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests
+    )
+
+
+  file(GLOB FUZZY_CRASH_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests/crashes/id*)
+  list(SORT FUZZY_CRASH_TESTS)
+
+  file(GLOB FUZZY_EXCEPTION_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests/exceptions/id*)
+  list(SORT FUZZY_EXCEPTION_TESTS)
+
+
+  foreach(filename ${FUZZY_CRASH_TESTS})
+    message(STATUS "Adding test ${filename}")
+    add_test(${filename} chai "-e" ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests/crashes/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
+  endforeach()
+
+  set_property(TEST ${FUZZY_CRASH_TESTS}
+    PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+    "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/"
+    "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
+    )
+
+  foreach(filename ${FUZZY_EXCEPTION_TESTS})
+    message(STATUS "Adding test ${filename}")
+    add_test(${filename} chai "--exception" ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests/exceptions/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
+  endforeach()
+
+  set_property(TEST ${FUZZY_EXCEPTION_TESTS}
+    PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+    "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/"
+    "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
+    )
+
+endif()
+
+
+if(BUILD_TESTING)
+
+  # Add catch tests macro
+  macro(ADD_CATCH_TESTS executable)
+    if (MSVC)
+      file(TO_NATIVE_PATH "${QT_LIBRARY_DIR}" QT_LIB_PATH)
+      set(NEWPATH "${QT_LIB_PATH};$ENV{PATH}")
+    else()
+      set(NEWPATH $ENV{PATH})
+    endif()
+
+    get_target_property(target_files ${executable} SOURCES)
+
+    foreach(source ${target_files})
+      if(NOT "${source}" MATCHES "/moc_.*cxx")
+        string(REGEX MATCH .*cpp source "${source}")
+        if(source)
+          file(READ "${source}" contents)
+          string(REGEX MATCHALL "TEST_CASE\\([ ]*\"[^\"]+\"" found_tests ${contents})
+          foreach(hit ${found_tests})
+            string(REGEX REPLACE "TEST_CASE\\([ ]*(\"[^\"]+\").*" "\\1" test_name ${hit})
+            add_test(${test_name} "${executable}" ${test_name})
+            set_tests_properties(${test_name} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 660 ENVIRONMENT "PATH=${NEWPATH}")
+          endforeach()
+        endif()
+      endif()
+    endforeach()
+  endmacro()
+
+
+
+
+
+  option(UNIT_TEST_LIGHT "Unit tests light (expect module loading failures)" FALSE)
+
+  add_test(version_check chai -c  "if(\"\\\${ version() };\\\${version_major()};\\\${version_minor()};\\\${version_patch()}\" != \"${CHAI_VERSION};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH}\") { exit(-1) }")
+  set_property(TEST version_check
+    PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+    "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/"
+    "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
+  )
+
+  add_test(version_check_2 chai --version )
+  set_property(TEST version_check_2
+    PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+    "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
+    PROPERTY PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "${CHAI_VERSION}"
+  )
+
+  add_test(help chai --help )
+  set_property(TEST help
+    PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+    "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
+  )
+
+
+  foreach(filename ${UNIT_TESTS})
+    message(STATUS "Adding test ${filename}")
+    add_test(${filename} chai ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
+  endforeach()
+
+  set_property(TEST ${UNIT_TESTS}
+    PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+    "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/"
+    "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
+  )
+
+  if(NOT UNIT_TEST_LIGHT)
+    add_executable(compiled_tests unittests/compiled_tests.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(compiled_tests ${LIBS})
+    ADD_CATCH_TESTS(compiled_tests)
+
+
+    add_executable(boxed_cast_test unittests/boxed_cast_test.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(boxed_cast_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME Boxed_Cast_Test COMMAND boxed_cast_test)
+
+    add_executable(type_info_test unittests/type_info_test.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(type_info_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME Type_Info_Test COMMAND type_info_test)
+
+    add_executable(c_linkage_test unittests/c_linkage_test.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(c_linkage_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME C_Linkage_Test COMMAND c_linkage_test)
+
+    add_executable(integer_literal_test unittests/integer_literal_test.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(integer_literal_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME Integer_Literal_Test COMMAND integer_literal_test)
+
+    if(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)
+      add_executable(multithreaded_test unittests/multithreaded_test.cpp)
+      target_link_libraries(multithreaded_test ${LIBS})
+      add_test(NAME Multithreaded_Test COMMAND multithreaded_test)
+      set_property(TEST Multithreaded_Test
+        PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+        "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/"
+        "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
+      )
+
+    endif()
+
+
+    add_executable(multifile_test
+      unittests/multifile_test_main.cpp
+      unittests/multifile_test_chai.cpp
+      unittests/multifile_test_module.cpp
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(multifile_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME MultiFile_Test COMMAND multifile_test)
+
+    add_library(test_module MODULE src/test_module.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(test_module ${LIBS})
+
+    install(TARGETS test_module RUNTIME DESTINATION bin LIBRARY DESTINATION lib/chaiscript)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+install(TARGETS chai chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} ${MODULES} RUNTIME DESTINATION bin LIBRARY DESTINATION lib/chaiscript)
+
+install(DIRECTORY include/chaiscript DESTINATION include
+  PATTERN "*.hpp"
+  PATTERN "*/.svn*" EXCLUDE
+  PATTERN "*/.git*" EXCLUDE
+  PATTERN "*~" EXCLUDE)
+install(DIRECTORY unittests DESTINATION share/chaiscript
+  PATTERN "*.chai"
+  PATTERN "*.inc"
+  PATTERN "*/.svn*" EXCLUDE
+  PATTERN "*/.git*" EXCLUDE
+  PATTERN "*~" EXCLUDE)
+install(DIRECTORY samples DESTINATION share/chaiscript
+  PATTERN "*.chai"
+  PATTERN "*/.svn*" EXCLUDE
+  PATTERN "*/.git*" EXCLUDE
+  PATTERN "*~" EXCLUDE)
+
+configure_file(contrib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc.in lib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc @ONLY)
+install(FILES "${chaiscript_BINARY_DIR}/lib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc"
+        DESTINATION lib/pkgconfig)
+
+    
+ENDIF()
 

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+Copyright 2009-2015 Jason Turner
+Copyright 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner. 
+
+All Rights Reserved.
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+    disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
+    with the distribution.
+  * Neither the name of Jason Turner nor Jonathan Turner nor the 
+    name of contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

biicode.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[paths]
+        include
+
+[parent]
+	ChaiScript/ChaiScript: 0

bin/placeholder.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-This is a placeholder

build_package.sh

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo .
-make install
-
-INCLUDED_FILES="include/chaiscript/*.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/*.hpp include/chaiscript/language/*.hpp bin/chaiscript_eval"
-
-zip -r chaiscript-1.0.zip $INCLUDED_FILES

cheatsheet.md

@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+# ChaiScript Versioning
+
+ChaiScript tries to follow the [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/) scheme. This basically means:
+
+  * Major Version Number: API changes / breaking changes
+  * Minor Version Number: New Features
+  * Patch Version Number: Minor changes / enhancements
+  
+
+
+# Initializing ChaiScript
+
+```
+chaiscript::ChaiScript chai; // loads stdlib from loadable module on file system
+chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library()); // compiles in stdlib
+```
+
+# Adding Things To The Engine
+
+## Adding a Function / Method / Member
+
+### General
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&function_name), "function_name");
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Class::method_name), "method_name");
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Class::member_name), "member_name");
+```
+
+### With Overloads 
+
+#### Preferred
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun<ReturnType (ParamType1, ParamType2)>(&function_with_overloads), "function_name");
+```
+
+#### Alternative
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(std::static_cast<ReturnType (*)(ParamType1, ParamType2)>(&function_with_overloads)), "function_name");
+```
+This overload technique is also used when exposing base member using derived type
+
+```
+struct Base
+{
+  int data;
+};
+
+struct Derived : public Base
+{};
+
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(static_cast<int(Derived::*)>(&Derived::data)), "data");
+```
+
+### Lambda
+
+```
+chai.add(
+  chaiscript::fun<std::string (bool)>(
+    [](bool type) { 
+      if (type) { return "x"; } 
+      else { return "y"; } 
+    }), "function_name");
+```
+
+### Constructors
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<MyType ()>(), "MyType");
+chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<MyType (const MyType &)>(), "MyType");
+```
+
+## Adding Types
+
+It's not strictly necessary to add types, but it helps with many things. Cloning, better errors, etc.
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<MyClass>(), "MyClass");
+```
+
+## Adding Type Conversions
+
+User defined type conversions are possible, defined in either script or in C++.
+
+A helper function exists for strongly typed and ChaiScript `Vector` function conversion definition:
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::vector_conversion<std::vector<int>>());
+```
+
+This allows you to pass a ChaiScript function to a function requiring `std::vector<int>`
+
+## Adding Objects
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // copied in
+chai.add(chaiscript::var(std::ref(somevar), "somevar"); // by reference, shared between C++ and chai
+auto shareddouble = std::make_shared<double>(4.3);
+chai.add(chaiscript::var(shareddouble), "shareddouble"); // by shared_ptr, shared between c++ and chai
+chai.add(chaiscript::const_var(somevar), "somevar"); // copied in and made const
+chai.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(somevar), "somevar"); // global const. Throws if value is non-const
+chai.add_global(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // global non-const
+```
+# Using STL
+ChaiScript recognize many types from STL, but you have to add specific instantiation yourself.
+
+```
+typedef std::vector<std::pair<int, std::string>> data_list;
+data_list my_list{ make_pair(0, "Hello"), make_pair(1, "World") };
+chai.add(chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::vector_type<data_list>("DataList"));
+chai.add(chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::pair_type<data_list::value_type>("DataElement"));
+chai.add(chaiscript::var(&my_list), "data_list");
+chai.eval(R"_(
+    for(var i=0; i<data_list.size(); ++i)
+    {
+      print(to_string(data_list[i].first) + " " + data_list[i].second)
+    }
+  )_");
+```
+
+# Executing Script
+
+## General
+
+```
+chai.eval("print(\"Hello World\")");
+chai.eval(R"(print("Hello World"))");
+```
+
+## Unboxing Return Values
+
+Returns values are of the type `Boxed_Value` which is meant to be opaque to the programmer. Use one of the unboxing methods to access the internal data.
+
+### Prefered
+
+```
+chai.eval<double>("5.3 + 2.1"); // returns 7.4 as a C++ double
+```
+
+### Alternative
+
+```
+auto v = chai.eval("5.3 + 2.1");
+chai.boxed_cast<double>(v); // extracts double value from boxed_value and applies known conversions
+chaiscript::boxed_cast<double>(v); // free function version, does not know about conversions
+```
+
+### Converting Between Algebraic Types
+
+```
+chaiscript::Boxed_Number(chai.eval("5.3 + 2.1")).get_as<int>(); // works with any number type
+// which is equivalent to, but much more automatic than:
+static_cast<int>(chai.eval<double>("5.3+2.1")); // this version only works if we know that it's a double
+```
+
+## Sharing Values
+
+```
+double &d = chai.eval("var i = 5.2; i"); // d is now a reference to i in the script
+std::shared_ptr<double> d = chai.eval("var i = 5.2; i"); // same result but reference counted
+
+d = 3;
+chai.eval("print(i)"); // prints 3
+```
+
+## Catching Eval Errors
+
+```
+try {
+  chai.eval("2.3 + \"String\"");
+} catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &e) {
+  std::cout << "Error\n" << e.pretty_print() << '\n';
+}
+```
+
+## Catching Errors Thrown From Script
+
+```
+try {
+  chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
+} catch (const double e) {
+} catch (int) {
+} catch (float) {
+} catch (const std::string &) {
+} catch (const std::exception &e) {
+  // This is the one what will be called in the specific throw() above
+}
+```
+
+## Sharing Functions
+
+
+```
+auto p = chai.eval<std::function<std::string (double)>>("to_string"); 
+p(5); // calls chaiscript's 'to_string' function, returning std::string("5")
+```
+
+Note: backtick treats operators as normal functions
+
+```
+auto p = chai.eval<std::function<int (int, int)>>(`+`); 
+p(5, 6); // calls chaiscript's '+' function, returning 11
+```
+
+```
+auto p = chai.eval<std::function<std::string (int, double)>>("fun(x,y) { to_string(x) + to_string(y); }");
+p(3,4.2); // evaluates the lambda function, returning the string "34.2" to C++
+```
+
+# Language Reference
+
+## Variables
+
+```
+var i; // uninitialized variable, can take any value on first assignment;
+auto j; // equiv to var
+
+var k = 5; // initialized to 5 (integer)
+var l := k; // reference to k
+auto &m = k; // reference to k
+
+GLOBAL g = 5; // creates a global variable. If global already exists, it is not re-added
+GLOBAL g = 2; // global 'g' now equals 2
+
+GLOBAL g2;
+if (g2.is_var_undef()) { g2 = 4; } // only initialize g2 once, if GLOBAL decl hit more than once
+```
+
+## Built in Types
+
+```
+var v = [1,2,3u,4ll,"16", `+`]; // creates vector of heterogenous values
+var m = ["a":1, "b":2]; // map of string:value pairs
+```
+
+Floating point values default to `double` type and integers default to `int` type. All C++ suffixes
+such as `f`, `ll`, `u` as well as scientific notation are supported
+
+```
+1.0 // double
+1.0f // float
+1.0l // long double
+1 // int
+1u // unsigned int
+1ul // unsigned long
+1ull // unsigned long long
+```
+
+Literals are automatically sized, just as in C++. For example: `10000000000` is > 32bits and the appropriate type is used to hold it
+on your platform.
+
+
+## Functions
+
+Note that any type of ChaiScript function can be passed freely to C++ and automatically
+converted into an `std::function` object.
+
+### General 
+
+```
+def myfun(x, y) { x + y; } // last statement in body is the return value
+def myfun(x, y) { return x + y; } // equiv 
+```
+
+### Optionally Typed
+
+```
+def myfun(x, int y) { x + y; } // requires y to be an int
+```
+
+### With Guards
+
+```
+def myfun(x, int y) : y > 5 { x - y; } // only called if y > 5
+```
+
+### Methods
+
+Methods and functions are mostly equivalent
+
+```
+def string::add(int y) { this + to_string(y); }
+def add(string s, int y) { s + to_string(y); } //equiv functionality
+
+// calling new function/method
+"a".add(1); // returns a1
+add("a", 1); // returns a1, either calling syntax works with either def above
+```
+
+### Lambdas
+
+```
+var l = fun(x) { x * 15; }
+l(2) // returns 30
+
+var a = 13
+var m = fun[a](x) { x * a; } 
+m(3); // a was captured (by reference), returns 39
+
+var n = bind(fun(x,y) { x * y; }, _, 10);
+n(2); // returns 20 
+```
+
+
+
+## ChaiScript Defined Types
+
+Define a type called "MyType" with one member value "a" and a getter
+
+### Preferred
+
+```
+class MyType {
+  var value;
+  def MyType() { this.value = "a"; }
+  def get_value() { "Value Is: " + this.value; }
+};
+```
+
+### Alternative 
+
+```
+attr MyType::value;
+def MyType::MyType() { this.value = "a"; }
+def MyType::get_value() { "Value Is: " + this.value; }
+```
+
+### Using
+
+```
+var m = MyType(); // calls constructor
+print(m.get_value()); // prints "Value Is: a"
+print(get_value(m)); // prints "Value Is: a"
+```
+
+## Dynamic Objects
+
+All ChaiScript defined types and generic Dynamic_Object support dynamic parameters
+
+```
+var o = Dynamic_Object();
+o.f = fun(x) { print(x); }
+o.f(3); // prints "3"
+```
+
+Implicit 'this' is allowed:
+
+```
+var o = Dynamic_Object();
+o.x = 3;
+o.f = fun(y) { print(this.x + y); }
+o.f(10); // prints 13
+```
+
+### Option Explicit
+
+If you want to disable dynamic parameter definitions, you can `set_explicit`.
+
+```
+class My_Class {
+  def My_Class() {
+    this.set_explicit(true);
+    this.x = 2; // this would fail with explicit set to true
+  }
+};
+```
+
+## method_missing
+
+A function of the signature `method_missing(object, name, param1, param2, param3)` will be called if an appropriate
+method cannot be found
+
+```
+def method_missing(int i, string name, Vector v) {
+  print("method_missing(${i}, ${name}), ${v.size()} params");
+}
+
+5.bob(1,2,3); // prints "method_missing(5, bob, 3 params)"
+```
+
+`method_missing` signature can be either 2 parameters or 3 parameters. If the signature contains two parameters
+it is treated as a property. If the property contains a function then additional parameters are passed to
+the contained function.
+
+If both a 2 parameter and a 3 parameter signature match, the 3 parameter function always wins.
+
+
+# Built In Functions
+
+## Evaluation
+
+```
+eval("4 + 5") // dynamically eval script string and returns value of last statement
+eval_file("filename") // evals file and returns value of last statement
+use("filename") // evals file exactly once and returns value of last statement
+                // if the file had already been 'used' nothing happens and undefined is returned
+```
+
+Both `use` and `eval_file` search the 'usepaths' passed to the ChaiScript constructor
+
+

cmake/CheckCXX11Features.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+# Checks for C++11 features
+#  CXX11_FEATURE_LIST - a list containing all supported features
+#  HAS_CXX11_AUTO               - auto keyword
+#  HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR            - nullptr
+#  HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA             - lambdas
+#  HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT      - static_assert()
+#  HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES  - rvalue references
+#  HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE           - decltype keyword
+#  HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H          - cstdint header
+#  HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG          - long long signed & unsigned types
+#  HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES - variadic templates
+#  HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR          - constexpr keyword
+#  HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER      - sizeof() non-static members
+#  HAS_CXX11_FUNC               - __func__ preprocessor constant
+#
+# Original script by Rolf Eike Beer
+# Modifications by Andreas Weis
+#
+CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8.3)
+
+SET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
+IF(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
+	SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++0x")
+endif()
+
+MACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE FEATURE_NAME FEATURE_NUMBER RESULT_VAR)
+	IF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
+		SET(_bindir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cxx11/cxx11_${FEATURE_NAME}")
+
+		IF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
+			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME}-N${FEATURE_NUMBER})
+			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\" (N${FEATURE_NUMBER})")
+		ELSE (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
+			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME})
+			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\"")
+		ENDIF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
+		MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
+
+		SET(_SRCFILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}.cpp")
+		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail.cpp")
+		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail_compile.cpp")
+
+		IF (CROSS_COMPILING)
+			try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
+			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
+				try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
+			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
+		ELSE (CROSS_COMPILING)
+			try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
+					"${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
+			IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
+			ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
+			ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
+				try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
+						"${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
+				IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+					SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
+				ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+					SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
+				ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
+		ENDIF (CROSS_COMPILING)
+		IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
+			try_compile(_TMP_RESULT "${_bindir}_fail_compile" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE}")
+			IF (_TMP_RESULT)
+				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
+			ELSE (_TMP_RESULT)
+				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
+			ENDIF (_TMP_RESULT)
+		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
+
+		IF (${RESULT_VAR})
+			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- works")
+			LIST(APPEND CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${RESULT_VAR})
+		ELSE (${RESULT_VAR})
+			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- not supported")
+		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR})
+		SET(${RESULT_VAR} ${${RESULT_VAR}} CACHE INTERNAL "C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
+	ENDIF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
+ENDMACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE)
+
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("auto"               2546 HAS_CXX11_AUTO)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("nullptr"            2431 HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("lambda"             2927 HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("static_assert"      1720 HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("rvalue_references"  2118 HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("decltype"           2343 HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("cstdint"            ""   HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("long_long"          1811 HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("variadic_templates" 2555 HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("constexpr"          2235 HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("sizeof_member"      2253 HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("__func__"           2340 HAS_CXX11_FUNC)
+
+SET(CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${CXX11_FEATURE_LIST} CACHE STRING "C++11 feature support list")
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(FORCE CXX11_FEATURE_LIST)
+
+SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
+UNSET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS)
+

cmake/c++11-test-__func__-N2340.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include <cstring>
+
+int main()
+{
+	if (!__func__) { return 1; }
+	if(std::strlen(__func__) <= 0) { return 1; }
+	return 0;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-auto-N2546.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+int main()
+{
+	auto i = 5;
+	auto f = 3.14159f;
+	auto d = 3.14159;
+	bool ret = (
+		(sizeof(f) < sizeof(d)) &&
+		(sizeof(i) == sizeof(int))
+	);
+	return ret ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-constexpr-N2235.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+constexpr int square(int x)
+{
+	return x*x;
+}
+
+constexpr int the_answer()
+{
+	return 42;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	int test_arr[square(3)];
+	bool ret = (
+		(square(the_answer()) == 1764) &&
+		(sizeof(test_arr)/sizeof(test_arr[0]) == 9)
+	);
+	return ret ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-cstdint.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include <cstdint>
+int main()
+{
+	bool test = 
+		(sizeof(int8_t) == 1) &&
+		(sizeof(int16_t) == 2) &&
+		(sizeof(int32_t) == 4) &&
+		(sizeof(int64_t) == 8);
+	return test ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-decltype-N2343.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+bool check_size(int i)
+{
+	return sizeof(int) == sizeof(decltype(i));
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	bool ret = check_size(42);
+	return ret ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-lambda-N2927.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+int main()
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	return ([&ret]() -> int { return ret; })();
+}

cmake/c++11-test-long_long-N1811.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+int main(void)
+{
+	long long l;
+	unsigned long long ul;
+
+	return ((sizeof(l) >= 8) && (sizeof(ul) >= 8)) ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-nullptr-N2431.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+int main()
+{
+	int* test = nullptr;
+	return test ? 1 : 0;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-nullptr-N2431_fail_compile.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+int main()
+{
+	int i = nullptr;
+	return 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-rvalue_references-N2118.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+int foo(int& lvalue)
+{
+	return 123;
+}
+
+int foo(int&& rvalue)
+{
+	return 321;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	int i = 42;
+	return ((foo(i) == 123) && (foo(42) == 321)) ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-sizeof_member-N2253.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+struct foo {
+	char bar;
+	int baz;
+};
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	bool ret = (
+		(sizeof(foo::bar) == 1) &&
+		(sizeof(foo::baz) >= sizeof(foo::bar)) &&
+		(sizeof(foo) >= sizeof(foo::bar)+sizeof(foo::baz))
+	);
+	return ret ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-static_assert-N1720.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+int main()
+{
+	static_assert(0 < 1, "your ordering of integers is screwed");
+	return 0;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-static_assert-N1720_fail_compile.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+int main()
+{
+	static_assert(1 < 0, "this should fail");
+	return 0;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-variadic_templates-N2555.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+int Accumulate()
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+template<typename T, typename... Ts>
+int Accumulate(T v, Ts... vs)
+{
+	return v + Accumulate(vs...);
+}
+
+template<int... Is>
+int CountElements()
+{
+	return sizeof...(Is);
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	int acc = Accumulate(1, 2, 3, 4, -5);
+	int count = CountElements<1,2,3,4,5>();
+	return ((acc == 5) && (count == 5)) ? 0 : 1;
+}

contrib/codeanalysis/codeanalysis.sh

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ function run_test
     # Run multithreaded tests
     echo "****Building multithreaded test"
     pushd src
-    g++ multithreaded.cpp -lboost_thread-mt -ldl -omultithreaded -I../include -O3
+    g++ multithreaded.cpp -ldl -omultithreaded -I../include -O3
     echo "****Testing 1 thread runtime"
     /usr/bin/time -p ./multithreaded 1 2> ../../r$1-1threadruntime.out
     echo "****Testing 2 thread runtime"

contrib/codeanalysis/heterogenous_array_loop.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+
+def go()
+{
+  var my_array=["1", 4, 6.6l, 10ul, "1000", 100, 10.9f ];
+
+  var q = 0;
+
+  for (var j = 0; j < 10000; ++j)
+  {
+    for (var i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
+    {
+      to_string(my_array[i]);
+    }
+
+    q += j;
+  }
+}
+
+go();

contrib/codeanalysis/is_prime.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+def isprime(n)
+{
+  for (var i = 2; i < n; ++i)
+  {
+    if (n % i == 0) {return false}
+  }
+
+  return true
+}
+
+
+def primes(n)
+{
+  var count = 0
+  for (var i = 2; i <= n; ++i)
+  {
+    if (isprime(i)) {++count}
+  }
+
+  return count
+}
+
+
+var N = 5000
+
+print("primes: " + primes(N).to_string())

contrib/codeanalysis/profile_cpp_calls.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+
+var test_str = "bob was a string";
+
+for( var i = 0; i < 200000; ++i)
+{
+  test_str.size();
+//  test_str.find("a", i);
+  test_str.c_str();
+  test_str.erase_at(1);
+  test_str.erase_at(1);
+  test_str.erase_at(1);
+  test_str.erase_at(1);
+  test_str.erase_at(1);
+  test_str.erase_at(1);
+
+  size(test_str);
+//  test_str.find("a", i);
+  c_str(test_str);
+  erase_at(test_str, 1);
+  erase_at(test_str, 1);
+  erase_at(test_str, 1);
+  erase_at(test_str, 1);
+  erase_at(test_str, 1);
+  erase_at(test_str, 1);
+  test_str = "bob was a string";
+}

contrib/codeanalysis/profile_math.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+
+var something = 0;
+
+for (var i = 1; i < 10000; ++i)
+{
+  something += int(3 % 2 * 4 + 2 / 16.0 - 100 + (10 ^ 19) / 64 + (3 & 12) - (4 | 14)) % i;
+}
+
+print(something);

contrib/codeanalysis/runcppcheck.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+pushd ..
+wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/cppcheck/files/cppcheck/1.66/cppcheck-1.66.tar.bz2
+tar -xvf cppcheck-1.66.tar.bz2
+cd cppcheck-1.66
+CXX=g++-4.8 make -j2
+popd
+../cppcheck-1.66/cppcheck --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr --suppress=missingIncludeSystem --std=c++11 --platform=unix64 src/main.cpp src/chai*.cpp --template ' - __{severity}__: [{file}:{line}](../blob/TRAVIS_COMMIT/{file}#L{line}) {message} ({id})'  2>output
+sed -i "s/TRAVIS_COMMIT/${TRAVIS_COMMIT}/g" output
+echo -n '{ "body": " ' > output.json
+echo -n `awk '{printf "%s\\\\n", $0;}' output` >> output.json
+echo -n '"}' >> output.json
+if [ "${TRAVIS_PULL_REQUEST}" = "false" ]; then curl -H "Authorization: token ${TOKEN}" --request POST --data @output.json https://api.github.com/repos/ChaiScript/ChaiScript/commits/${TRAVIS_COMMIT}/comments; else  curl -H "Authorization: token ${TOKEN}" --request POST --data @output.json https://api.github.com/repos/ChaiScript/ChaiScript/issues/${TRAVIS_PULL_REQUEST}/comments; fi
+
+

contrib/codeanalysis/type_conversions.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+load_module("test_module")
+
+auto t := TestBaseType();
+
+// This uses the TestBaseType to Type2 user type
+// conversion which was added in the module and then calls
+// "get_val()" which exists on the Type2 type
+//assert_equal(t.get_val(), 10);
+//print("Made it past test 1");
+
+var t2 := Type2(t);
+
+//dump_system();
+
+for (var i = 0; i < 50000; ++i) {
+  var str = string(get_str(t2));
+  size(get_str(t2));
+  t2.get_str().size();
+  t.get_str().size();
+}
+
+

contrib/geshi/chaiscript.php

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+<?php
+/*************************************************************************************
+ * chaiscript.php
+ * --------------
+ * Author: Jason Turner & Jonathan Turner (based on JavaScript by Ben Keen (ben.keen@gmail.com))
+ * Copyright: (c) 2010 Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com) (c) 2009 Jonathan Turner 
+ *            (c) 2004 Ben Keen (ben.keen@gmail.com), Nigel McNie (http://qbnz.com/highlighter)
+ * Release Version: 1.0
+ * Date Started: 2009/07/03
+ *
+ * ChaiScript language file for GeSHi.
+ *
+ * CHANGES
+ * -------
+ * 2009/07/03 (1.0.0)
+ *  -  First Release
+ * 2010/03/30 (1.1.0)
+ *  -  Updated to include more language features and remove left over pieces from JavaScript
+ *
+ *************************************************************************************
+ *
+ *     This file is part of GeSHi.
+ *
+ *   GeSHi is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   GeSHi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with GeSHi; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *
+ ************************************************************************************/
+
+$language_data = array (
+    'LANG_NAME' => 'ChaiScript',
+    'COMMENT_SINGLE' => array(1 => '//'),
+    'COMMENT_MULTI' => array('/*' => '*/'),
+    //Regular Expressions
+    'COMMENT_REGEXP' => array(2 => "/(?<=[\\s^])s\\/(?:\\\\.|(?!\n)[^\\/\\\\])+\\/(?:\\\\.|(?!\n)[^\\/\\\\])+\\/[gimsu]*(?=[\\s$\\.\\;])|(?<=[\\s^(=])m?\\/(?:\\\\.|(?!\n)[^\\/\\\\])+\\/[gimsu]*(?=[\\s$\\.\\,\\;\\)])/iU"),
+    'CASE_KEYWORDS' => GESHI_CAPS_NO_CHANGE,
+    'QUOTEMARKS' => array("'", '"'),
+    'ESCAPE_CHAR' => '\\',
+    'KEYWORDS' => array(
+        1 => array(
+            'break', 'else', 'else if', 'eval', 'for', 'if', 'return', 'while', 'try', 'catch', 'finally', 'case', 'switch', 'default',
+            ),
+        2 => array(
+            'def', 'false', 'fun', 'true', 'var', 'auto', 'attr',
+            ),
+        3 => array(
+            // built in functions
+            'throw', 
+            )
+        ),
+    'SYMBOLS' => array(
+        '(', ')', '[', ']', '{', '}',
+        '+', '-', '*', '/', '%',
+        '!', '@', '&', '|', '^',
+        '<', '>', '=',
+        ',', ';', '?', ':'
+        ),
+    'CASE_SENSITIVE' => array(
+        GESHI_COMMENTS => false,
+        1 => false,
+        2 => false,
+        3 => false
+        ),
+    'STYLES' => array(
+        'KEYWORDS' => array(
+            1 => 'color: #000066; font-weight: bold;',
+            2 => 'color: #003366; font-weight: bold;',
+            3 => 'color: #000066;'
+            ),
+        'COMMENTS' => array(
+            1 => 'color: #006600; font-style: italic;',
+            2 => 'color: #009966; font-style: italic;',
+            'MULTI' => 'color: #006600; font-style: italic;'
+            ),
+        'ESCAPE_CHAR' => array(
+            0 => 'color: #000099; font-weight: bold;'
+            ),
+        'BRACKETS' => array(
+            0 => 'color: #009900;'
+            ),
+        'STRINGS' => array(
+            0 => 'color: #3366CC;'
+            ),
+        'NUMBERS' => array(
+            0 => 'color: #CC0000;'
+            ),
+        'METHODS' => array(
+            1 => 'color: #660066;'
+            ),
+        'SYMBOLS' => array(
+            0 => 'color: #339933;'
+            ),
+        'REGEXPS' => array(
+            ),
+        'SCRIPT' => array(
+            0 => '',
+            1 => '',
+            2 => '',
+            3 => ''
+            )
+        ),
+    'URLS' => array(
+        1 => '',
+        2 => '',
+        3 => ''
+        ),
+    'OOLANG' => true,
+    'OBJECT_SPLITTERS' => array(
+        1 => '.'
+        ),
+    'REGEXPS' => array(
+        ),
+    'STRICT_MODE_APPLIES' => GESHI_MAYBE,
+    'SCRIPT_DELIMITERS' => array(
+        0 => array(
+            ),
+        1 => array(
+            )
+        ),
+    'HIGHLIGHT_STRICT_BLOCK' => array(
+        0 => true,
+        1 => true
+        )
+);
+
+?>

contrib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc.in

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+prefix=@CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX@
+exec_prefix=${prefix}
+libdir=${exec_prefix}/lib
+includedir=${prefix}/include
+
+Name: chaiscript
+Description: ChaiScript is a scripting language that easily embeds into your existing C++ applications. It's built to be flexible and dynamic, yet still maintain the type-safety you expect as a C++ user. It can natively use classes, methods, and attributes, even if the class inherits functionality from a parent class. 
+Version: @CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR@.@CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR@.@CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH@
+Requires:
+Conflicts:
+Libs: 
+Cflags: -I${includedir}

contrib/sublimetext/ChaiScript.YAML-tmLanguage

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# [PackageDev] target_format: plist, ext: tmLanguage
+---
+comment: 'ChaiScript Syntax: version 2.0'
+fileTypes: [chai]
+firstLineMatch: ^#!/usr/bin/env node
+foldingStartMarker: ^.*\bdef\s*(\w+\s*)?\([^\)]*\)(\s*\{[^\}]*)?\s*$
+foldingStopMarker: ^\s*\}
+keyEquivalent: ^~J
+name: ChaiScript
+patterns:
+- {comment: chaiscript shebang, match: ^#, name: comment.line.chai}
+- {match: '\b((0(x|X)[0-9a-fA-F]+)|([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?))\b', name: constant.numeric.chai}
+- begin: ''''
+  beginCaptures:
+    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai}
+  end: ''''
+  endCaptures:
+    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.end.chai}
+  name: string.quoted.single.chai
+  patterns:
+  - {match: '\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]?|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)', name: constant.character.escape.chai}
+- begin: '"'
+  beginCaptures:
+    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai}
+  end: '"'
+  endCaptures:
+    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.end.chai}
+  name: string.quoted.double.chai
+  patterns:
+  - {match: '\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)', name: constant.character.escape.chai}
+- begin: /\*\*(?!/)
+  captures:
+    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
+  end: \*/
+  name: comment.block.documentation.chai
+- begin: /\*
+  captures:
+    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
+  end: \*/
+  name: comment.block.chai
+- captures:
+    '1': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
+  match: (//).*$\n?
+  name: comment.line.double-slash.chai
+- captures:
+    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai}
+    '2': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai}
+  match: (<!--|-->)
+  name: comment.block.html.chai
+- {match: \b(boolean|byte|char|class|double|enum|float|fun|def|int|interface|long|short|var|auto|attr)\b,
+  name: storage.type.chai}
+- {match: \b(break|case|catch|continue|default|do|else|finally|else if|for|goto|if|return|switch|throw|try|while)\b,
+  name: keyword.control.chai}
+- {match: \b(delete|in|instanceof|new|typeof|with)\b, name: keyword.operator.chai}
+- {match: \btrue\b, name: constant.language.boolean.true.chai}
+- {match: \bfalse\b, name: constant.language.boolean.false.chai}
+- {match: \bnull\b, name: constant.language.null.chai}
+- {match: \b(Anchor|Applet|Area|Array|Boolean|Button|Checkbox|Date|document|event|FileUpload|Form|Frame|Function|Hidden|History|Image|JavaArray|JavaClass|JavaObject|JavaPackage|java|Layer|Link|Location|Math|MimeType|Number|navigator|netscape|Object|Option|Packages|Password|Plugin|Radio|RegExp|Reset|Select|String|Style|Submit|screen|sun|Text|Textarea|window|XMLHttpRequest)\b,
+  name: support.class.chai}
+- {match: '\b(s(h(ift|ow(Mod(elessDialog|alDialog)|Help))|croll(X|By(Pages|Lines)?|Y|To)?|t(op|rike)|i(n|zeToContent|debar|gnText)|ort|u(p|b(str(ing)?)?)|pli(ce|t)|e(nd|t(Re(sizable|questHeader)|M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Ho(tKeys|urs)|Year|Cursor|Time(out)?|Interval|ZOptions|Date|UTC(M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Hours|Date|FullYear)|FullYear|Active)|arch)|qrt|lice|avePreferences|mall)|h(ome|andleEvent)|navigate|c(har(CodeAt|At)|o(s|n(cat|textual|firm)|mpile)|eil|lear(Timeout|Interval)?|a(ptureEvents|ll)|reate(StyleSheet|Popup|EventObject))|t(o(GMTString|S(tring|ource)|U(TCString|pperCase)|Lo(caleString|werCase))|est|a(n|int(Enabled)?))|i(s(NaN|Finite)|ndexOf|talics)|d(isableExternalCapture|ump|etachEvent)|u(n(shift|taint|escape|watch)|pdateCommands)|j(oin|avaEnabled)|p(o(p|w)|ush|lugins.refresh|a(ddings|rse(Int|Float)?)|r(int|ompt|eference))|e(scape|nableExternalCapture|val|lementFromPoint|x(p|ec(Script|Command)?))|valueOf|UTC|queryCommand(State|Indeterm|Enabled|Value)|f(i(nd|le(ModifiedDate|Size|CreatedDate|UpdatedDate)|xed)|o(nt(size|color)|rward)|loor|romCharCode)|watch|l(ink|o(ad|g)|astIndexOf)|a(sin|nchor|cos|t(tachEvent|ob|an(2)?)|pply|lert|b(s|ort))|r(ou(nd|teEvents)|e(size(By|To)|calc|turnValue|place|verse|l(oad|ease(Capture|Events)))|andom)|g(o|et(ResponseHeader|M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Se(conds|lection)|Hours|Year|Time(zoneOffset)?|Da(y|te)|UTC(M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Hours|Da(y|te)|FullYear)|FullYear|A(ttention|llResponseHeaders)))|m(in|ove(B(y|elow)|To(Absolute)?|Above)|ergeAttributes|a(tch|rgins|x))|b(toa|ig|o(ld|rderWidths)|link|ack))\b(?=\()',
+  name: support.function.chai}
+- {match: '\b(s(ub(stringData|mit)|plitText|e(t(NamedItem|Attribute(Node)?)|lect))|has(ChildNodes|Feature)|namedItem|c(l(ick|o(se|neNode))|reate(C(omment|DATASection|aption)|T(Head|extNode|Foot)|DocumentFragment|ProcessingInstruction|E(ntityReference|lement)|Attribute))|tabIndex|i(nsert(Row|Before|Cell|Data)|tem)|open|delete(Row|C(ell|aption)|T(Head|Foot)|Data)|focus|write(ln)?|a(dd|ppend(Child|Data))|re(set|place(Child|Data)|move(NamedItem|Child|Attribute(Node)?)?)|get(NamedItem|Element(sBy(Name|TagName)|ById)|Attribute(Node)?)|blur)\b(?=\()',
+  name: support.function.dom.chai}
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+			<string>\bon(R(ow(s(inserted|delete)|e(nter|xit))|e(s(ize(start|end)?|et)|adystatechange))|Mouse(o(ut|ver)|down|up|move)|B(efore(cut|deactivate|u(nload|pdate)|p(aste|rint)|editfocus|activate)|lur)|S(croll|top|ubmit|elect(start|ionchange)?)|H(over|elp)|C(hange|ont(extmenu|rolselect)|ut|ellchange|l(ick|ose))|D(eactivate|ata(setc(hanged|omplete)|available)|r(op|ag(start|over|drop|en(ter|d)|leave)?)|blclick)|Unload|P(aste|ropertychange)|Error(update)?|Key(down|up|press)|Focus|Load|A(ctivate|fter(update|print)|bort))\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>support.function.event-handler.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>!|\$|%|&amp;|\*|\-\-|\-|\+\+|\+|~|===|==|=|!=|!==|&lt;=|&gt;=|&lt;&lt;=|&gt;&gt;=|&gt;&gt;&gt;=|&lt;&gt;|&lt;|&gt;|!|&amp;&amp;|\|\||\?\:|\*=|(?&lt;!\()/=|%=|\+=|\-=|&amp;=|\^=|\b(in|instanceof|new|delete|typeof|void)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>keyword.operator.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(Infinity|NaN|undefined)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>(?&lt;=[=(:]|^|return|&amp;&amp;|\|\||!)\s*(/)(?![/*+{}?])</string>
+			<key>beginCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>(/)[igm]*</string>
+			<key>endCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>string.regexp.chai</string>
+			<key>patterns</key>
+			<array>
+				<dict>
+					<key>match</key>
+					<string>\\.</string>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>constant.character.escape.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</array>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\;</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>punctuation.terminator.statement.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>,[ |\t]*</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.delimiter.object.comma.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\.</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.delimiter.method.period.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\{|\}</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.curly.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\(|\)</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.round.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\[|\]</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.square.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+	</array>
+	<key>scopeName</key>
+	<string>source.chai</string>
+	<key>uuid</key>
+	<string>93E017CC-6F27-11D9-90EB-000D93589AF6</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

contrib/test/callbacktest.cpp

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
-// See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
-// http://www.chaiscript.com
-
-#include <iostream>
-
-#include "function_call.hpp"
-#include "chaiscript.hpp"
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
-
-struct Callback_Handler
-{
-  typedef std::vector<std::pair<boost::function<std::string ()>,
-                        boost::function<double (int)> > > Callbacks;
-  
-  Callbacks m_callbacks;
-
-  void add_callbacks(boost::shared_ptr<dispatchkit::Proxy_Function> t_name,
-      boost::shared_ptr<dispatchkit::Proxy_Function> t_value)
-  {
-    m_callbacks.push_back(
-        std::make_pair(dispatchkit::build_function_caller<std::string ()>(t_name),
-                       dispatchkit::build_function_caller<double (int)>(t_value)
-          )
-        );
-  }
-
-  void do_callbacks()
-  {
-    int i=1;
-    for (Callbacks::iterator itr = m_callbacks.begin();
-         itr != m_callbacks.end();
-         ++itr)
-    {
-      std::cout << "Name: " << itr->first() << "  =  " << itr->second(i) << std::endl;
-      ++i;
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-
-    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Engine chai;
-
-    Callback_Handler cb_handler;
-    chai.get_eval_engine().add_object("cb_handler", boost::ref(cb_handler));
-    dispatchkit::register_function(chai.get_eval_engine(), &Callback_Handler::add_callbacks, "add_callbacks");
-
-    for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-      try {
-        dispatchkit::Boxed_Value val = chai.evaluate_file(argv[i]);
-      }
-      catch (std::exception &e) {
-        std::cerr << "Could not open: " << argv[i] << std::endl;
-        exit(1);
-      }
-    }
-
-    cb_handler.do_callbacks();
-
-    boost::function<std::string (const std::string&, const std::string &)> f = 
-      dispatchkit::build_functor<std::string (const std::string &, const std::string &)>
-        (chai, "function(x, y) { return x + y }");
-
-    std::cout << "Functor call: " << f("Hello", " World") << std::endl;
-}
-

contrib/test/dispatchkit_test.cpp

@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
-// See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
-// http://www.chaiscript.com
-
-#include <iostream>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
-
-#include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp>
-#include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp>
-#include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp>
-#include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp>
-
-using namespace dispatchkit;
-
-struct Test
-{
-  Test(const std::string &s)
-    : number(-25), message(s)
-  {
-    std::cout << "Test class constructed with value: " << s << std::endl;
-  }
-
-  void show_message()
-  {
-    std::cout << "Constructed Message: " << message << std::endl;
-  }
-
-  std::string &get_message()
-  {
-    return message;
-  }
-
-  int number;
-
-  std::string message;
-};
-
-
-
-Boxed_Value named_func_call(Dispatch_Engine &ss,
-    const std::string &nametocall, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
-{
-  if (params.size() == 2)
-  {
-    return dispatch(ss.get_function(nametocall), params);
-  } else {
-    throw std::runtime_error("Invalid num params");
-  }
-}
-
-// A function that takes a dynamic list of params
-// and calls a bunch of conversion functions on them and 
-// returns the result as a boxed_value
-Boxed_Value dynamic_function(Dispatch_Engine &ss, const std::string &name, 
-    const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
-{
-  if (name == "concat_string")
-  {
-    Boxed_Value result;
-
-    //Return a void if there is nothing in the array
-    if (params.size() == 0)
-    {
-      return result;
-    } else {
-      //else, prepopulate the result with a string conversion of the first
-      //param
-      result = 
-        dispatch(ss.get_function("to_string"), Param_List_Builder() << params[0]);
-    }
-
-    //Then, loop over all remaining params, converting them to strings and adding
-    //them to the result. This example maybe bette served with a string += operator
-    //implementation, but it works.
-    for (size_t i = 1; i < params.size(); ++i)
-    {
-      result = 
-        dispatch(ss.get_function("+"), Param_List_Builder() << result << 
-            dispatch(ss.get_function("to_string"), Param_List_Builder() << params[i]));
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  } else {
-    throw std::runtime_error("Unknown function call");
-  }
-}
-
-void test(const std::string &p)
-{
-  std::cout << "Test: " << p << std::endl;
-}
-
-//Test main
-int main()
-{
-  Dispatch_Engine ss;
-  Bootstrap::bootstrap(ss);
-  bootstrap_vector<std::vector<int> >(ss, "VectorInt");
-  dump_system(ss);
-
-  //Calling a function by name and allowing the built in dispatch mechanism to
-  //choose the most appropriate version of the function
-  Boxed_Value addresult = dispatch(ss.get_function("+"), Param_List_Builder() << double(5.1) << double(10.3));
-
-  //Using the cast to unbox the resultant value and output it
-  std::cout << boxed_cast<double>(addresult) << std::endl;
-
-  //Using the Boxed_Value as input to another function, again with automatic dispatch.
-  //This time we will not bother saving the result and will instead send it straight out
-  std::cout << boxed_cast<double>(
-      dispatch(ss.get_function("*"), Param_List_Builder() << 2 << addresult)
-      ) << std::endl;
-
-  //Register a new function, this one with typing for us, so we don't have to ubox anything
-  //right here
-
-  //Now we have a print method, let's try to print out the earlier example:
-  //so, we dispatch the to_string and pass its result as a param to "print"
-  //In this example we don't bother with temporaries and we don't have to know
-  //anything about types
-  dispatch(ss.get_function("print_string"),
-      Param_List_Builder() << dispatch(ss.get_function("to_string"), Param_List_Builder() << addresult));
-
-  // Now we are going to register a new dynamic function,
-  // when this function is called the objects are not unboxed, but passed
-  // in in their boxed state
-  ss.register_function(boost::shared_ptr<Proxy_Function>(new Dynamic_Proxy_Function(boost::bind(&dynamic_function, boost::ref(ss), "concat_string", _1))), "concat_string");
-
-
-  // Call our newly defined dynamic function with 10 parameters, then send
-  // its output to the "print" function
-  dispatch(ss.get_function("print_string"),
-      Param_List_Builder() << dispatch(ss.get_function("concat_string"),
-        Param_List_Builder() << std::string("\n\t") << std::string("The Value Was: ") 
-                             << double(42.5) << std::string(".")
-                             << '\n'
-                             << '\t' << std::string("The old value was: ")
-                             << addresult << '.' << '\n' ));
-
-
-
-
-  //Register some local methods of the "Test" class
-  ss.register_function(build_constructor<Test, const std::string &>(), "Test");
-
-  register_function(ss, &Test::get_message, "get_message");
-  register_function(ss, &Test::show_message, "show_message");
-  register_member(ss, &Test::number, "number");
-
-  //Create a new object using the "Test" constructor, passing the param "Yo".
-  //Then, add the new object to the system with the name "testobj2"
-  ss.add_object("testobj2", 
-      dispatch(ss.get_function("Test"), Param_List_Builder() << std::string("Yo")));
-
-  // Look up and store a reference to our new object
-  std::vector<Boxed_Value> sos;
-  sos.push_back(ss.get_object("testobj2"));
-
-  //Build a bound function proxy for calling the script handled function
-  boost::function<void (Test &)> show_message = 
-    build_function_caller<void (Test &)>(ss.get_function("show_message"));
-
-  Test &t = boxed_cast<Test &>(ss.get_object("testobj2"));
-
-  //Print the message the object was created with
-  show_message(t);
-
-  //Now, get a reference to the object's stored message
-  Boxed_Value stringref = dispatch(ss.get_function("get_message"), sos);
-
-  //Unbox it using boxed_cast
-  std::string &sr = boxed_cast<std::string &>(stringref);
-
-  //Update the value of the reference
-  sr = "Bob Updated The message";
-
-  //Now, get a reference to the object's stored number
-  Boxed_Value numberref= dispatch(ss.get_function("number"), sos);
-
-  //Unbox it using boxed_cast
-  int &ir = boxed_cast<int &>(numberref);
-
-  std::cout << "Number: " << ir << std::endl;
-
-  //Now, prove that the reference was successfully acquired
-  //and we are able to peek into the boxed types
-  show_message(t);
-
-
-  // Finally, we are going to register some named function aliases, for 
-  // the fun of it
-  ss.register_function(boost::shared_ptr<Proxy_Function>(
-        new Dynamic_Proxy_Function(boost::bind(&named_func_call, boost::ref(ss), "+", _1))), "add");
-
-  //Call our newly named "add" function (which in turn dispatches +)
-  
-  std::cout << "Result of add function: " << 
-    boxed_cast<int>(dispatch(ss.get_function("add"), Param_List_Builder() << 5 << 2))
-    << std::endl; 
-
-
-  ss.set_object("myfunc", boost::shared_ptr<Proxy_Function>(new Proxy_Function_Impl<boost::function<void (const std::string &)> >(&test)));
-
-  dispatch(ss.get_function("myfunc"), Param_List_Builder() << std::string("hello function variable"));
-
-}
-

contrib/test/dispatchkit_unittest.cpp

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
-// See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
-// http://www.chaiscript.com
-
-#include "dispatchkit.hpp"
-#include "bootstrap.hpp"
-
-#define BOOST_TEST_DYN_LINK
-#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE boxedcpp_unittests
-#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE( add_operators )
-{
-  using namespace dispatchkit;
-
-  Dispatch_Engine ss;
-  Bootstrap::bootstrap(ss);
-  dump_system(ss);
-
-  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(boxed_cast<int>(dispatch(ss.get_function("+"), Param_List_Builder() << double(5.1) << double(10.3))), 15.4);
-}

contrib/test/sensors.cpp

@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
-// See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
-// http://www.chaiscript.com
-
-#include <iostream>
-
-#include "chaiscript.hpp"
-#include "function_call.hpp"
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
-#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>
-#include <boost/regex.hpp>
-
-
-std::string load_text_file(const std::string &filename)
-{
-  std::ifstream infile(filename.c_str());
-
-  std::string str;
-
-  std::string result;
-
-  while (std::getline(infile, str))
-  {
-    result += str + "\n";
-  }
-
-  return result;
-}
-
-std::vector<dispatchkit::Boxed_Value> regex_search(const std::string &str, const std::string &regex)
-{
-  boost::smatch matches;
-  boost::regex_search(str, matches, boost::regex(regex));
-
-  std::vector<dispatchkit::Boxed_Value> results;
-
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < matches.size(); ++i)
-  {
-    results.push_back(dispatchkit::Boxed_Value(std::string(matches.str(i))));
-  }
-
-  return results;
-}
-
-struct Sensor_Manager
-{
-  struct Sensor
-  {
-    int milliseconds;
-    dispatchkit::Boxed_Value state_object;
-    boost::function<double (dispatchkit::Boxed_Value)> sensor;
-    boost::posix_time::ptime next_run;
-
-    Sensor(int t_milliseconds, dispatchkit::Boxed_Value t_state_object, 
-        boost::function<double (dispatchkit::Boxed_Value)> t_sensor)
-      : milliseconds(t_milliseconds), state_object(t_state_object), sensor(t_sensor),
-        next_run(boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::universal_time() 
-            + boost::posix_time::milliseconds(milliseconds))
-    {
-    }
-
-    std::pair<boost::posix_time::ptime, double> get_value()
-    {
-      next_run = boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::universal_time() 
-            + boost::posix_time::milliseconds(milliseconds);
-
-      return std::make_pair(boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::universal_time(),
-          sensor(state_object));
-    }
-  };
-
-  std::map<std::string, Sensor> m_sensors;
-
-  //sensor_manager.add_sensor("CPU", 1000, global_state, function(state) { update_state(state); state["CPU"]; } )
-  void add_sensor(const std::string &t_name, int t_milliseconds, dispatchkit::Boxed_Value t_state_object,
-      boost::shared_ptr<dispatchkit::Proxy_Function> t_func)
-  {
-    m_sensors.insert(
-        std::make_pair(t_name, 
-          Sensor(t_milliseconds, t_state_object, 
-            dispatchkit::build_function_caller<double (dispatchkit::Boxed_Value)>(t_func)
-            )
-          )
-        );
-  }
-
-
-  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, double> > run_sensors()
-  {
-    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, double> > results;
-
-    boost::posix_time::ptime t(boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::universal_time());
-
-    for (std::map<std::string, Sensor>::iterator itr = m_sensors.begin();
-         itr != m_sensors.end();
-         ++itr)
-    {
-      if (itr->second.next_run <= t)
-      {
-        results.push_back(std::make_pair(itr->first, itr->second.get_value().second));
-      }
-    }
-
-    return results;
-  }
-
-};
-
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Engine chai;
-
-  Sensor_Manager sensor_manager;
-  chai.get_eval_engine().add_object("sensor_manager", boost::ref(sensor_manager));
-
-  dispatchkit::register_function(chai.get_eval_engine(), &Sensor_Manager::add_sensor, "add_sensor");
-  dispatchkit::register_function(chai.get_eval_engine(), &regex_search, "regex_search");
-  dispatchkit::register_function(chai.get_eval_engine(), &load_text_file, "load_text_file");
-
-
-
-  for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-    try {
-      chai.evaluate_file(argv[i]);
-    }
-    catch (std::exception &e) {
-      std::cerr << "Could not open: " << argv[i] << std::endl;
-      exit(1);
-    }
-  }
-
-  while (true)
-  {
-    usleep(1000);
-    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, double> > sensor_data = sensor_manager.run_sensors();
-
-    for (std::vector<std::pair<std::string, double> >::iterator itr = sensor_data.begin();
-         itr != sensor_data.end();
-         ++itr)
-    {
-      std::cout << "Sensor: " << itr->first << " value: " << itr->second << std::endl;
-    }
-  }
-}
-

contrib/vim/README.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Install ftdetect, indent and syntax subdirectories to:
+
+~/.vim/
+
+See the vim documentation on this:
+
+http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/syntax.html#mysyntaxfile

contrib/vim/ftdetect/chaiscript.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+au BufRead,BufNewFile *.chai            set filetype=chaiscript
+

contrib/vim/indent/chaiscript.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+" Vim indent file
+" Language:     ChaiScript
+" Maintainer:	Jason Turner <lefticus 'at' gmail com>
+
+" Only load this indent file when no other was loaded.
+if exists("b:did_indent")
+  finish
+endif
+let b:did_indent = 1
+
+setlocal indentexpr=GetChaiScriptIndent()
+setlocal autoindent
+
+" Only define the function once.
+if exists("*GetChaiScriptIndent")
+  finish
+endif
+
+function! GetChaiScriptIndent()
+  " Find a non-blank line above the current line.
+  let lnum = prevnonblank(v:lnum - 1)
+
+  " Hit the start of the file, use zero indent.
+  if lnum == 0
+    return 0
+  endif
+
+  " Add a 'shiftwidth' after lines that start a block:
+  " lines containing a {
+  let ind = indent(lnum)
+  let flag = 0
+  let prevline = getline(lnum)
+  if prevline =~ '^.*{.*'
+    let ind = ind + &shiftwidth
+    let flag = 1
+  endif
+
+  " Subtract a 'shiftwidth' after lines containing a { followed by a }
+  " to keep it balanced
+  if flag == 1 && prevline =~ '.*{.*}.*'
+    let ind = ind - &shiftwidth
+  endif
+
+  " Subtract a 'shiftwidth' on lines ending with }
+  if getline(v:lnum) =~ '^\s*\%(}\)'
+    let ind = ind - &shiftwidth
+  endif
+
+  return ind
+endfunction

contrib/vim/syntax/chaiscript.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+" Vim syntax file
+" Language:	ChaiScript
+" Maintainer:	Jason Turner <lefticus 'at' gmail com>
+
+" Quit when a (custom) syntax file was already loaded
+if exists("b:current_syntax")
+  finish
+end
+
+let s:cpo_save = &cpo
+set cpo&vim
+
+syn case match
+
+" syncing method
+syn sync fromstart
+
+" Strings
+syn region chaiscriptString        start=+"+ end=+"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"+ contains=chaiscriptSpecial,chaiscriptEval,@Spell
+
+" Escape characters
+syn match  chaiscriptSpecial       contained "\\[\\abfnrtv\'\"]\|\\\d\{,3}"
+
+" String evals
+syn region chaiscriptEval          contained start="${" end="}"
+
+" integer number
+syn match  chaiscriptNumber        "\<\d\+\>"
+
+" floating point number, with dot, optional exponent
+syn match  chaiscriptFloat         "\<\d\+\.\d*\%(e[-+]\=\d\+\)\=\>"
+
+" floating point number, starting with a dot, optional exponent
+syn match  chaiscriptFloat         "\.\d\+\%(e[-+]\=\d\+\)\=\>"
+
+" floating point number, without dot, with exponent
+syn match  chaiscriptFloat         "\<\d\+e[-+]\=\d\+\>"
+
+" Hex strings
+syn match  chaiscriptNumber        "\<0x\x\+\>"
+
+" Binary strings
+syn match  chaiscriptNumber        "\<0b[01]\+\>"
+
+" Various language features
+syn keyword chaiscriptCond         if else
+syn keyword chaiscriptRepeat       while for do
+syn keyword chaiscriptStatement    break continue return switch case default
+syn keyword chaiscriptExceptions   try catch throw
+
+"Keyword
+syn keyword chaiscriptKeyword      def true false attr
+
+"Built in types
+syn keyword chaiscriptType         fun var auto
+
+"Built in funcs, keep it simple
+syn keyword chaiscriptFunc         eval throw
+
+"Let's treat all backtick operator function lookups as built in too
+syn region  chaiscriptFunc         matchgroup=chaiscriptFunc start="`" end="`"
+
+" Account for the "[1..10]" syntax, treating it as an operator
+" Intentionally leaving out all of the normal, well known operators
+syn match   chaiscriptOperator     "\.\."
+
+" Guard seperator as an operator
+syn match   chaiscriptOperator     ":"
+
+" Comments
+syn match   chaiscriptComment      "//.*$" contains=@Spell
+syn region  chaiscriptComment      matchgroup=chaiscriptComment start="/\*" end="\*/" contains=@Spell
+
+
+
+hi def link chaiscriptExceptions	Exception
+hi def link chaiscriptKeyword		Keyword
+hi def link chaiscriptStatement		Statement
+hi def link chaiscriptRepeat		Repeat
+hi def link chaiscriptString		String
+hi def link chaiscriptNumber		Number
+hi def link chaiscriptFloat		Float
+hi def link chaiscriptOperator		Operator
+hi def link chaiscriptConstant		Constant
+hi def link chaiscriptCond		Conditional
+hi def link chaiscriptFunction		Function
+hi def link chaiscriptComment		Comment
+hi def link chaiscriptTodo		Todo
+hi def link chaiscriptError		Error
+hi def link chaiscriptSpecial		SpecialChar
+hi def link chaiscriptFunc		Identifier
+hi def link chaiscriptType		Type
+hi def link chaiscriptEval	        Special
+
+let b:current_syntax = "chaiscript"
+
+let &cpo = s:cpo_save
+unlet s:cpo_save
+" vim: nowrap sw=2 sts=2 ts=8 noet

description.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ChaiScript is a header-only C++ embedded scripting language loosely based on ECMA script. It is designed for ease of use and tight integration with C++. See http://www.chaiscript.com for more details.

include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp

@@ -1,35 +1,832 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HPP_
 
-#include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
 
-#include <stdexcept>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <map>
-#include <fstream>
-#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
+
+/// @mainpage
+/// [ChaiScript](http://www.chaiscript.com") is a scripting language designed specifically for integration with C++. It provides
+/// seamless integration with C++ on all levels, including shared_ptr objects, functors and exceptions.
+/// 
+/// The parts of the ChaiScript API that the average user will be concerned with are contained in the 
+/// chaiscript namespace and the chaiscript::ChaiScript class.
+///
+/// The end user parts of the API are extremely simple both in size and ease of use.
+///
+/// Currently, all source control and project management aspects of ChaiScript occur on [github](http://www.github.com/ChaiScript/ChaiScript").
+///
+/// ------------------------------------------------------------
+/// 
+/// @sa chaiscript
+/// @sa chaiscript::ChaiScript
+/// @sa ChaiScript_Language for Built in Functions
+/// @sa @ref LangGettingStarted
+/// @sa @ref LangKeywordRef
+/// @sa @ref LangInPlaceRef
+/// @sa @ref LangObjectSystemRef
+/// @sa http://www.chaiscript.com
+/// @sa http://www.github.com/ChaiScript/ChaiScript
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section gettingstarted API Getting Started
+///
+/// - @ref basics
+/// - @ref compiling
+/// - @ref eval
+/// - @ref adding_items
+/// - @ref operatoroverloading
+/// - @ref add_class
+/// - @ref pointer_conversions
+/// - @ref baseclasses
+/// - @ref functionobjects
+/// - @ref threading
+/// - @ref exceptions
+/// 
+/// 
+/// @subsection basics Basics
+/// 
+/// Basic simple example:
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// //main.cpp
+/// #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+/// 
+/// double function(int i, double j)
+/// {
+///   return i * j;
+/// }
+///
+/// int main()
+/// {
+///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+///   chai.add(&function, "function");
+///
+///   double d = chai.eval<double>("function(3, 4.75);");
+/// } 
+/// ~~~~~~~
+///
+/// ------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @subsection compiling Compiling ChaiScript Applications
+///
+/// ChaiScript is a header only library with only one dependency: The
+/// operating system provided dynamic library loader, which has to be specified on some platforms.
+/// 
+/// @subsubsection compilinggcc Compiling with GCC
+/// 
+/// To compile the above application on a Unix like operating system (MacOS, Linux) with GCC you need to link
+/// the dynamic loader. For example:
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// gcc main.cpp -I/path/to/chaiscript/headers -ldl 
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Alternatively, you may compile without threading support.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// gcc main.cpp -I/path/to/chaiscript/headers -ldl -DCHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// ------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @subsection eval Evaluating Scripts
+///
+/// Scripts can be evaluated with the () operator, eval method or eval_file method.
+///
+/// @subsubsection parenoperator () Operator
+///
+/// operator() can be used as a handy shortcut for evaluating ChaiScript snippets.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+/// chai("print(@"hello world@")");
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// @sa chaiscript::ChaiScript::operator()(const std::string &)
+///
+/// @subsubsection evalmethod Method 'eval'
+/// 
+/// The eval method is somewhat more verbose and can be used to get type safely return values
+/// from the script.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+/// chai.eval("callsomefunc()");
+/// int result = chai.eval<int>("1 + 3");
+/// // result now equals 4
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa chaiscript::ChaiScript::eval
+///
+/// @subsubsection evalfilemethod Method 'eval_file'
+/// 
+/// The 'eval_file' method loads a file from disk and executes the script in it
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+/// chai.eval_file("myfile.chai");
+/// std::string result = chai.eval_file<std::string>("myfile.chai") // extract the last value returned from the file
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// @sa chaiscript::ChaiScript::eval_file
+///
+/// --------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @subsection adding_items Adding Items to ChaiScript
+///
+/// ChaiScript supports 4 basic things that can be added: objects, functions, type infos and Modules
+///
+/// @subsubsection adding_objects Adding Objects
+///
+/// Named objects can be created with the chaiscript::var function. Note: adding a object
+/// adds it to the current thread scope, not to a global scope. If you have multiple 
+/// threads that need to access the same variables you will need to add them
+/// separately for each thread, from the thread itself.
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// using namespace chaiscript;
+/// ChaiScript chai;
+/// int i = 5;
+/// chai.add(var(i), "i");
+/// chai("print(i)");
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Immutable objects can be created with the chaiscript::const_var function.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// chai.add(const_var(i), "i");
+/// chai("i = 5"); // exception throw, cannot assign const var
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// Named variables can only be accessed from the context they are created in.
+/// If you want a global variable, it must be const, and created with the 
+/// chaiscript::ChaiScript::add_global_const function.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// chai.add_global_const(const_var(i), "i");
+/// chai("def somefun() { print(i); }; somefun();");
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// @subsubsection adding_functions Adding Functions
+/// 
+/// Functions, methods and members are all added using the same function: chaiscript::fun.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// using namespace chaiscript;
+/// 
+/// class MyClass {
+///   public:
+///     int memberdata;
+///     void method();
+///     void method2(int);
+///     static void staticmethod();
+///     void overloadedmethod();
+///     void overloadedmethod(const std::string &);
+/// };
+/// 
+/// ChaiScript chai;
+/// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberdata), "memberdata");
+/// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::method), "method");
+/// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::staticmethod), "staticmethod");
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Overloaded methods will need some help, to hint the compiler as to which overload you want:
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// chai.add(fun<void (MyClass::*)()>(&MyClass::overloadedmethod), "overloadedmethod");
+/// chai.add(fun<void (MyClass::*)(const std::string &)>(&MyClass::overloadedmethod), "overloadedmethod");
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// There are also shortcuts built into chaiscript::fun for binding up to the first two parameters of the function.
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// MyClass obj;
+/// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::method, &obj), "method");
+/// chai("method()"); // equiv to obj.method()
+/// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::method2, &obj, 3), "method2");
+/// chai("method2()"); // equiv to obj.method2(3)
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @subsubsection addingtypeinfo Adding Type Info
+///
+/// ChaiScript will automatically support any type implicitly provided to it in the form
+/// of objects and function parameters / return types. However, it can be nice to let ChaiScript 
+/// know more details about the types you are giving it. For instance, the "clone" functionality
+/// cannot work unless there is a copy constructor registered and the name of the type is known
+/// (so that ChaiScript can look up the copy constructor).
+///
+/// Continuing with the example "MyClass" from above:
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// chai.add(user_type<MyClass>(), "MyClass");
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @subsubsection adding_modules Adding Modules
+/// 
+/// Modules are holders for collections of ChaiScript registrations.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// ModulePtr module = get_sum_module();
+/// chai.add(module);
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// @sa chaiscript::Module
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @subsection operatoroverloading Operator Overloading
+/// 
+/// Operators are just like any other function in ChaiScript, to overload an operator, simply register it.
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp} 
+/// class MyClass {
+///   MyClass operator+(const MyClass &) const;
+/// };
+///
+/// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::operator+), "+");
+///
+/// std::string append_string_int(const std::string &t_lhs, int t_rhs)
+/// {
+///   std::stringstream ss;
+///   ss << t_lhs << t_rhs;
+///   return ss.str();
+/// }
+///
+/// chai.add(fun(append_string_int), "+");
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa @ref adding_functions
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @subsection add_class Class Helper Utility
+/// 
+/// Much of the work of adding new classes to ChaiScript can be reduced with the help
+/// of the add_class helper utility.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// class Test
+/// {
+///   public:
+///     void function() {}
+///     std::string function2() { return "Function2"; }
+///     void function3() {}
+///     std::string functionOverload(double) { return "double"; }
+///     std::string functionOverload(int) { return "int"; }
+/// };
+///
+/// int main()
+/// {
+///   chaiscript::ModulePtr m = chaiscript::ModulePtr(new chaiscript::Module());
+///
+///   chaiscript::utility::add_class<chaiscript::Test>(*m,
+///      "Test",
+///      { constructor<Test()>(),
+///        constructor<Test(const Test &)>() },
+///      { {fun(&Test::function), "function"},
+///        {fun(&Test::function2), "function2"},
+///        {fun(&Test::function2), "function3"} 
+///        {fun(static_cast<std::string Test::*(double)>(&Test::functionOverload)), "functionOverload"} 
+///        {fun(static_cast<std::string Test::*(int)>(&Test::functionOverload)), "functionOverload"} }
+///      );
+///
+///
+///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+///   chai.add(m);
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// @sa @ref adding_modules
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @subsection pointer_conversions Pointer / Object Conversions
+///
+/// As much as possible, ChaiScript attempts to convert between &, *, const &, const *, std::shared_ptr<T>,
+/// std::shared_ptr<const T>, std::reference_wrapper<T>, std::reference_wrapper<const T> and value types automatically.
+///
+/// If a chaiscript::var object was created in C++ from a pointer, it cannot be converted to a shared_ptr (this would add invalid reference counting).
+/// Const may be added, but never removed. 
+///
+/// The take away is that you can pretty much expect function calls to Just Work when you need them to.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// void fun1(const int *);
+/// void fun2(int *);
+/// void fun3(int);
+/// void fun4(int &);
+/// void fun5(const int &);
+/// void fun5(std::shared_ptr<int>);
+/// void fun6(std::shared_ptr<const int>);
+/// void fun7(const std::shared_ptr<int> &);
+/// void fun8(const std::shared_ptr<const int> &);
+/// void fun9(std::reference_wrapper<int>);
+/// void fun10(std::reference_wrapper<const int>);
+///
+/// int main()
+/// {
+///   using namespace chaiscript
+///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+///   chai.add(fun(fun1), "fun1");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun2), "fun2");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun3), "fun3");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun4), "fun4");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun5), "fun5");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun6), "fun6");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun7), "fun7");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun8), "fun8");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun9), "fun9");
+///   chai.add(fun(fun10), "fun10");
+///
+///   chai("var i = 10;");
+///   chai("fun1(i)");
+///   chai("fun2(i)");
+///   chai("fun3(i)");
+///   chai("fun4(i)");
+///   chai("fun5(i)");
+///   chai("fun6(i)");
+///   chai("fun7(i)");
+///   chai("fun8(i)");
+///   chai("fun9(i)");
+///   chai("fun10(i)");
+/// }  
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// See the unit test unittests/boxed_cast_test.cpp for a complete breakdown of the automatic casts that 
+/// available and tested.
+/// 
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @subsection baseclasses Base Classes
+/// 
+/// ChaiScript supports handling of passing a derived class object to a function expecting a base class object.
+/// For the process to work, the base/derived relationship must be registered with the engine.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// class Base {};
+/// class Derived : public Base {};
+/// void myfunction(Base *b);
+///
+/// int main()
+/// {
+///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+///   chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<Base, Derived>());
+///   Derived d;
+///   chai.add(chaiscript::var(&d), "d");
+///   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myfunction), "myfunction");
+///   chai("myfunction(d)");
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+///
+/// @subsection functionobjects Function Objects
+///
+/// Functions are first class objects in ChaiScript and ChaiScript supports automatic conversion
+/// between ChaiScript functions and std::function objects.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// void callafunc(const std::function<void (const std::string &)> &t_func)
+/// {
+///   t_func("bob");
+/// }
+/// 
+/// int main()
+/// {
+///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+///   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&callafunc), "callafunc");
+///   chai("callafunc(fun(x) { print(x); })"); // pass a lambda function to the registered function
+///                                            // which expects a typed std::function
+///
+///   std::function<void ()> f = chai.eval<std::function<void ()> >("dump_system");
+///   f(); // call the ChaiScript function dump_system, from C++
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+///
+/// @subsection threading Threading
+/// 
+/// Thread safety is automatically handled within the ChaiScript system. Objects can be added
+/// and scripts executed from multiple threads. For each thread that executes scripts, a new
+/// context is created and managed by the engine.
+/// 
+/// Thread safety can be disabled by defining CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS when using the library.
+///
+/// Disabling thread safety increases performance in many cases.
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+///
+/// @subsection exceptions Exception Handling
+/// 
+/// @subsubsection exceptionsbasics Exception Handling Basics
+///
+/// Exceptions can be thrown in ChaiScript and caught in C++ or thrown in C++ and caught in 
+/// ChaiScript.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// void throwexception()
+/// {
+///   throw std::runtime_error("err");
+/// }
+/// 
+/// int main()
+/// {
+///   // Throw in C++, catch in ChaiScript
+///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+///   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&throwexception), "throwexception");
+///   chai("try { throwexception(); } catch (e) { print(e.what()); }"); // prints "err"
+/// 
+///   // Throw in ChaiScript, catch in C++
+///   try {
+///     chai("throw(1)");
+///   } catch (chaiscript::Boxed_Value bv) {
+///     int i = chaiscript::boxed_cast<int>(bv);
+///     // i == 1
+///   }
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// @subsubsection exceptionsautomatic Exception Handling Automatic Unboxing
+///
+/// As an alternative to the manual unboxing of exceptions shown above, exception specifications allow the user to tell 
+/// ChaiScript what possible exceptions are expected from the script being executed. 
+///
+/// Example:
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
+/// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+///
+/// try {
+///   chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(@"error@"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
+/// } catch (const double e) {
+/// } catch (int) {
+/// } catch (float) {
+/// } catch (const std::string &) {
+/// } catch (const std::exception &e) {
+///   // This is the one what will be called in the specific throw() above
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa chaiscript::Exception_Handler for details on automatic exception unboxing 
+/// @sa chaiscript::exception_specification
+
+
+
+/// @page LangObjectSystemRef ChaiScript Language Object Model Reference
+///
+///
+/// ChaiScript has an object system built in, for types defined within the ChaiScript system.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+/// attr Rectangle::height
+/// attr Rectangle::width
+/// def Rectangle::Rectangle() { this.height = 10; this.width = 20 }
+/// def Rectangle::area() { this.height * this.width }
+/// 
+/// var rect = Rectangle()
+/// rect.height = 30
+/// print(rect.area())
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Since ChaiScript 5.4.0 it has been possible to use the "class" keyword to simplify this code.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+/// class Rectangle {
+///   attr height
+///   attr width
+///   def Rectangle() { this.height = 10; this.width = 20 }
+///   def area() { this.height * this.width }
+/// }
+///
+/// var rect = Rectangle()
+/// rect.height = 30
+/// print(rect.area())
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa @ref keywordattr
+/// @sa @ref keyworddef
+
+/// @page LangInPlaceRef ChaiScript Language In-Place Creation Reference
+/// @section inplacevector Vector
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+/// In-place Vector ::= "[" [expression ("," expression)*]  "]"
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @section inplacerangedvector Ranged Vector
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+/// In-place Ranged Vector ::= "[" value ".." value "]"
+/// ~~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Creates a vector over a range (eg. 1..10)
+///
+/// @section inplacemap Map
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// In-place Map ::= "[" (string ":" expression)+ "]"
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+
+/// @page LangGettingStarted ChaiScript Language Getting Started
+/// 
+/// ChaiScript is a simple language that should feel familiar to anyone who knows
+/// C++ or ECMAScript (JavaScript). 
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section chaiscriptloops Loops
+///
+/// Common looping constructs exist in ChaiScript
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// var i = 0;
+/// while (i < 10)
+/// {
+///   // do something
+///   ++i;
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// for (var i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+/// {
+///   // do something
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa @ref keywordfor
+/// @sa @ref keywordwhile
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section chaiscriptifs Conditionals
+///
+/// If statements work as expected
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// var b = true;
+/// 
+/// if (b) {
+///   // do something
+/// } else if (c < 10) {
+///   // do something else
+/// } else {
+///   // or do this
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa @ref keywordif
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section chaiscriptfunctions Functions
+/// 
+/// Functions are defined with the def keyword
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// def myfun(x) { print(x); }
+///
+/// myfun(10);
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Functions may have "guards" which determine if which is called.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// eval> def myfun2(x) : x < 10 { print("less than 10"); }
+/// eval> def myfun2(x) : x >= 10 { print("10 or greater"); }
+/// eval> myfun2(5)
+/// less than 10
+/// eval> myfun2(12)
+/// 10 or greater
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// @sa @ref keyworddef
+/// @sa @ref keywordattr
+/// @sa @ref LangObjectSystemRef
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section chaiscriptfunctionobjects Function Objects
+/// 
+/// Functions are first class types in ChaiScript and can be used as variables.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// eval> var p = print;
+/// eval> p(1);
+/// 1
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// They can also be passed to functions. 
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// eval> def callfunc(f, lhs, rhs) { return f(lhs, rhs); }
+/// eval> def do_something(lhs, rhs) { print("lhs: ${lhs}, rhs: ${rhs}"); }
+/// eval> callfunc(do_something, 1, 2);
+/// lhs: 1, rhs: 2
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Operators can also be treated as functions by using the back tick operator. Building on the above example:
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// eval> callfunc(`+`, 1, 4);
+/// 5
+/// eval> callfunc(`*`, 3, 2);
+/// 6
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @sa @ref LangKeywordRef
+/// @sa ChaiScript_Language for Built in Functions
+
+
+/// @page LangKeywordRef ChaiScript Language Keyword Reference
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordattr attr
+/// Defines a ChaiScript object attribute
+/// 
+/// ~~~~~~~~ 
+/// Attribute Definition ::= "attr" class_name "::" attribute_name
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa @ref LangObjectSystemRef
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordauto auto
+///
+/// Defines a variable
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// Variable ::= "auto" identifier
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Synonym for @ref keywordvar
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordbreak break
+/// Stops execution of a looping block.
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// Break Statement ::= "break"
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa @ref keywordfor
+/// @sa @ref keywordwhile 
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keyworddef def
+/// Begins a function or method definition
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// Function Definition ::= [annotation + CR/LF] "def" identifier "(" [[type] arg ("," [type] arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
+/// Method Definition ::= [annotation + CR/LF] "def" class_name "::" method_name "(" [[type] arg ("," [type] arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// annotation: meta-annotation on function, currently used as documentation. Optional.
+/// identifier: name of function. Required.
+/// args: comma-delimited list of parameter names with optional type specifiers. Optional.
+/// guards: guarding statement that act as a prerequisite for the function. Optional.
+/// { }: scoped block as function body. Required.
+///
+/// Functions return values in one of two ways:
+///
+/// By using an explicit return call, optionally passing the value to be returned.
+/// By implicitly returning the value of the last expression (if it is not a while or for loop).
+///
+/// Method definitions for known types extend those types with new methods. This includes C++ and ChaiScript defined types.
+/// Method definitions for unknown types implicitly define the named type.
+///
+/// @sa @ref LangObjectSystemRef
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordelse else
+/// @sa @ref keywordif 
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordfor for
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// For Block ::= "for" "(" [initial] ";" stop_condition ";" loop_expression ")" block
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// This loop can be broken using the @ref keywordbreak command.
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordfun fun
+/// Begins an anonymous function declaration (sometimes called a lambda).
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// Lambda ::= "fun" "(" [variable] ("," variable)*  ")" block
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// _Example_
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// // Generate an anonymous function object that adds 2 to its parameter
+/// var f = fun(x) { x + 2; }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa @ref keyworddef for more details on ChaiScript functions
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordif if
+/// Begins a conditional block of code that only executes if the condition evaluates as true.
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// If Block ::= "if" "(" condition ")" block
+/// Else If Block ::= "else if" "(" condition ")" block
+/// Else Block ::= "else" block
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// 
+/// _Example_
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// if (true) {
+///   // do something
+/// } else if (false) {
+///   // do something else
+/// } else {
+///   // otherwise do this
+/// }
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordtry try
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// Try Block ::= "try" block 
+///  ("catch" ["(" [type] variable ")"] [":" guards] block)+ 
+///    ["finally" block]
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// @sa ChaiScript_Language::throw
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordwhile while
+/// 
+/// Begins a conditional block of code that loops 0 or more times, as long as the condition is true
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// While Block ::= "while" "(" condition ")" block
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// This loop can be broken using the @ref keywordbreak command.
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordvar var
+/// 
+/// Defines a variable
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// Variable ::= "var" identifier
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Synonym for @ref keywordauto
+
+
+/// @namespace chaiscript
+/// @brief Namespace chaiscript contains every API call that the average user will be concerned with.
+
+/// @namespace chaiscript::detail
+/// @brief Classes and functions reserved for internal use. Items in this namespace are not supported.
+
+#include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
 
 #include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/function_call.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp"
-
-#ifdef  BOOST_HAS_DECLSPEC
-#define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" __declspec(dllexport)
-#else
-#define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" 
-#endif
+#include "dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp"
 
 #include "language/chaiscript_eval.hpp"
 #include "language/chaiscript_engine.hpp"
 
+
+
 #endif /* CHAISCRIPT_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_defines.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DEFINES_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DEFINES_HPP_
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC _MSC_VER
+#define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_DECLSPEC
+#if _MSC_VER <= 1800
+#define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_MAGIC_STATICS
+#endif
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#if defined( _LIBCPP_VERSION )
+#define CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_WINDOWS
+#endif
+
+#if ( ( (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 8) ) && !defined(WIN32))  || (defined(__llvm__) && !defined(CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP))  
+/// Currently only g++>=4.8 supports this natively
+/// MinGW pretends to, but causes a crash on exit when thread_local objects are destructed
+/// \todo Make this support other compilers when possible
+#define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL
+#endif
+
+#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ == 6)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_GCC_4_6
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__llvm__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_CLANG
+#endif
+
+#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 7) || defined(CHAISCRIPT_MSVC) || defined(CHAISCRIPT_CLANG)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE override
+#else
+#define CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef  CHAISCRIPT_HAS_DECLSPEC
+#define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" __declspec(dllexport)
+#else
+#define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" 
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#define CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT throw()
+#define CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR 
+#else
+#define CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#define CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR constexpr
+#endif
+
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  static const int version_major = 5;
+  static const int version_minor = 7;
+  static const int version_patch = 2;
+
+  template<typename B, typename D, typename ...Arg>
+  inline std::shared_ptr<B> make_shared(Arg && ... arg)
+  {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED
+    return std::make_shared<D>(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...);
+#else
+    return std::shared_ptr<B>(static_cast<B*>(new D(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...)));
+#endif
+  }
+
+}
+#endif
+

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// and Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_STDLIB_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_STDLIB_HPP_
+
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_prelude.chai"
+#include "utility/json_wrap.hpp"
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
+#include <future>
+#endif
+
+
+/// @file
+///
+/// This file generates the standard library that normal ChaiScript usage requires.
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  class Std_Lib
+  {
+    public:
+
+      static ModulePtr library()
+      {
+        using namespace bootstrap;
+
+        ModulePtr lib = Bootstrap::bootstrap();
+
+        lib->add(standard_library::vector_type<std::vector<Boxed_Value> >("Vector"));
+        lib->add(standard_library::string_type<std::string>("string"));
+        lib->add(standard_library::map_type<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> >("Map"));
+        lib->add(standard_library::pair_type<std::pair<Boxed_Value, Boxed_Value > >("Pair"));
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
+        lib->add(standard_library::future_type<std::future<chaiscript::Boxed_Value>>("future"));
+        lib->add(chaiscript::fun([](const std::function<chaiscript::Boxed_Value ()> &t_func){ return std::async(std::launch::async, t_func);}), "async");
+#endif
+
+        lib->add(json_wrap::library());
+
+        lib->eval(ChaiScript_Prelude::chaiscript_prelude() /*, "standard prelude"*/ );
+
+        return lib;
+      }
+
+  };
+}
+
+#endif
+

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp

@@ -1,53 +1,221 @@
-#ifndef __chaiscript_threading_hpp__
-#define __chaiscript_threading_hpp__
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
+
+
+#include <unordered_map>
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
-#include <boost/thread.hpp>
+#include <thread>
+#include <mutex>
 #else
-#warning "ChaiScript is compiling without thread safety."
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS_WARNING
+#pragma message ("ChaiScript is compiling without thread safety.")
 #endif
+#endif
+
+#include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+
+/// \file
+///
+/// This file contains code necessary for thread support in ChaiScript.
+/// If the compiler definition CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS is defined then thread safety
+/// is disabled in ChaiScript. This has the result that some code is faster, because mutex locks are not required.
+/// It also has the side effect that the chaiscript::ChaiScript object may not be accessed from more than
+/// one thread simultaneously.
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+  namespace detail
+  {
+    /// If threading is enabled, then this namespace contains std thread classes.
+    /// If threading is not enabled, then stubbed in wrappers that do nothing are provided.
+    /// This allows us to avoid \#ifdef code in the sections that need thread safety.
     namespace threading
     {
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
 
+      template<typename T>
+      class unique_lock : public std::unique_lock<T>
+      {
+        public:
+          unique_lock(T &t) : std::unique_lock<T>(t) {}
+      };
+
+      template<typename T>
+      class shared_lock : public std::unique_lock<T>
+      {
+        public:
+          shared_lock(T &t) : std::unique_lock<T>(t) {}
+          void unlock() {}
+      };
+
+      template<typename T>
+      class lock_guard : public std::lock_guard<T>
+      {
+        public:
+          lock_guard(T &t) : std::lock_guard<T>(t) {}
+      };
+
+      class shared_mutex : public std::mutex { };
+
+      using std::mutex;
+
+      using std::recursive_mutex;
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL
+      /// Typesafe thread specific storage. If threading is enabled, this class uses a mutex protected map. If
+      /// threading is not enabled, the class always returns the same data, regardless of which thread it is called from.
       template<typename T>
         class Thread_Storage
         {
           public:
+
+            Thread_Storage(void *t_key)
+              : m_key(t_key)
+            {
+            }
+
             ~Thread_Storage()
             {
-            m_thread_storage.reset();
+              t().erase(m_key);
             }
 
-          inline T *operator->() const
+            inline const T *operator->() const
             {
-            if (!m_thread_storage.get())
-            {
-              m_thread_storage.reset(new T());
+              return &(t()[m_key]);
             }
 
-            return m_thread_storage.get();
+            inline const T &operator*() const
+            {
+              return t()[m_key];
             }
 
-          inline T &operator*() const
+            inline T *operator->()
             {
-            return *(this->operator->());
+              return &(t()[m_key]);
             }
 
+            inline T &operator*()
+            {
+              return t()[m_key];
+            }
+
+
+            void *m_key;
+
           private:
-          mutable boost::thread_specific_ptr<T> m_thread_storage;
+            static std::unordered_map<void*, T> &t()
+            {
+              thread_local static std::unordered_map<void *, T> my_t;
+              return my_t;
+            }
         };
 
 #else
 
+      /// Typesafe thread specific storage. If threading is enabled, this class uses a mutex protected map. If
+      /// threading is not enabled, the class always returns the same data, regardless of which thread it is called from.
+      /// 
+      /// This version is used if the compiler does not support thread_local
+      template<typename T>
+        class Thread_Storage
+        {
+          public:
+
+            Thread_Storage(void *)
+            {
+            }
+
+            inline const T *operator->() const
+            {
+              return get_tls().get();
+            }
+
+            inline const T &operator*() const
+            {
+              return *get_tls();
+            }
+
+            inline T *operator->()
+            {
+              return get_tls().get();
+            }
+
+            inline T &operator*()
+            {
+              return *get_tls();
+            }
+
+
+          private:
+            /// \todo this leaks thread instances. It needs to be culled from time to time
+            std::shared_ptr<T> get_tls() const
+            {
+              unique_lock<mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+
+              auto itr = m_instances.find(std::this_thread::get_id());
+
+              if (itr != m_instances.end()) { return itr->second; }
+
+              std::shared_ptr<T> new_instance(std::make_shared<T>());
+
+              m_instances.insert(std::make_pair(std::this_thread::get_id(), new_instance));
+
+              return new_instance;
+            }
+
+
+            mutable mutex m_mutex;
+            mutable std::unordered_map<std::thread::id, std::shared_ptr<T> > m_instances;
+        };
+#endif // threading enabled but no tls
+
+#else // threading disabled
+      template<typename T>
+      class unique_lock 
+      {
+        public:
+          unique_lock(T &) {}
+          void lock() {}
+          void unlock() {}
+      };
+
+      template<typename T>
+      class shared_lock 
+      {
+        public:
+          shared_lock(T &) {}
+          void lock() {}
+          void unlock() {}
+      };
+
+      template<typename T>
+      class lock_guard 
+      {
+        public:
+          lock_guard(T &) {}
+      };
+
+      class shared_mutex { };
+
+      class recursive_mutex {};
+
+
       template<typename T>
         class Thread_Storage
         {
           public:
+            Thread_Storage(void *)
+            {
+            }
+
             inline T *operator->() const
             {
               return &obj;
@@ -63,7 +231,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         };
 
 #endif
-
+    }
   }
 }
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/any.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// and Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ANY_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_ANY_HPP_
+
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace detail {
+    namespace exception
+    {
+      /// \brief Thrown in the event that an Any cannot be cast to the desired type
+      ///
+      /// It is used internally during function dispatch.
+      ///
+      /// \sa chaiscript::detail::Any
+      class bad_any_cast : public std::bad_cast
+      {
+        public:
+          bad_any_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+            : m_what("bad any cast")
+          {
+          }
+
+          bad_any_cast(const bad_any_cast &) = default;
+
+          virtual ~bad_any_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+
+          /// \brief Description of what error occurred
+          virtual const char * what() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return m_what.c_str();
+          }
+
+        private:
+          std::string m_what;
+      };
+    }
+  
+
+    class Any {
+      private:
+        struct Data
+        {
+          Data(const std::type_info &t_type) 
+            : m_type(t_type)
+          {
+          }
+
+          Data &operator=(const Data &) = delete;
+
+          virtual ~Data() {}
+
+          virtual void *data() = 0;
+          const std::type_info &type() const
+          {
+            return m_type;
+          }
+
+          virtual std::unique_ptr<Data> clone() const = 0;
+          const std::type_info &m_type;
+        };
+
+        template<typename T>
+          struct Data_Impl : Data
+          {
+            explicit Data_Impl(T t_type)
+              : Data(typeid(T)),
+                m_data(std::move(t_type))
+            {
+            }
+
+            virtual ~Data_Impl() {}
+
+            virtual void *data() CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+            {
+              return &m_data;
+            }
+
+            std::unique_ptr<Data> clone() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+            {
+              return std::unique_ptr<Data>(new Data_Impl<T>(m_data));
+            }
+
+            Data_Impl &operator=(const Data_Impl&) = delete;
+
+            T m_data;
+          };
+
+        std::unique_ptr<Data> m_data;
+
+      public:
+        // construct/copy/destruct
+        Any() = default;
+
+        Any(const Any &t_any) 
+        { 
+          if (!t_any.empty())
+          {
+            m_data = t_any.m_data->clone(); 
+          } else {
+            m_data.reset();
+          }
+        }
+
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER  != 1800
+        Any(Any &&) = default;
+        Any &operator=(Any &&t_any) = default;
+#endif
+
+        template<typename ValueType,
+          typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<Any, typename std::decay<ValueType>::type>::value>::type>
+        explicit Any(ValueType &&t_value)
+          : m_data(std::unique_ptr<Data>(new Data_Impl<typename std::decay<ValueType>::type>(std::forward<ValueType>(t_value))))
+        {
+        }
+
+
+        Any & operator=(const Any &t_any)
+        {
+          Any copy(t_any);
+          swap(copy);
+          return *this; 
+        }
+
+        template<typename ToType>
+          ToType &cast() const
+          {
+            if (m_data && typeid(ToType) == m_data->type())
+            {
+              return *static_cast<ToType *>(m_data->data());
+            } else {
+              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+            }
+          }
+
+
+        ~Any()
+        {
+        }
+
+        // modifiers
+        Any & swap(Any &t_other)
+        {
+          std::swap(t_other.m_data, m_data);
+          return *this;
+        }
+
+        // queries
+        bool empty() const
+        {
+          return !bool(m_data);
+        }
+
+        const std::type_info & type() const
+        {
+          if (m_data)
+          {
+            return m_data->type();
+          } else {
+            return typeid(void);
+          }
+        }
+    };
+
+  }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BAD_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_BAD_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
+
+#include <string>
+#include <typeinfo>
+
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "type_info.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Type_Info;
+}  // namespace chaiscript
+
+namespace chaiscript 
+{
+  namespace exception
+  {
+    /// \brief Thrown in the event that a Boxed_Value cannot be cast to the desired type
+    ///
+    /// It is used internally during function dispatch and may be used by the end user.
+    ///
+    /// \sa chaiscript::boxed_cast
+    class bad_boxed_cast : public std::bad_cast
+    {
+      public:
+        bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to,
+            std::string t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          : from(std::move(t_from)), to(&t_to), m_what(std::move(t_what))
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to)
+          : from(std::move(t_from)), to(&t_to), m_what("Cannot perform boxed_cast: " + t_from.name() + " to: " + t_to.name())
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_cast(std::string t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          : to(nullptr), m_what(std::move(t_what))
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_cast(const bad_boxed_cast &) = default;
+        virtual ~bad_boxed_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+
+        /// \brief Description of what error occurred
+        virtual const char * what() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return m_what.c_str();
+        }
+
+        Type_Info from; ///< Type_Info contained in the Boxed_Value
+        const std::type_info *to; ///< std::type_info of the desired (but failed) result type
+
+      private:
+        std::string m_what;
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+
+
+#endif
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp

@@ -1,65 +1,74 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#include <boost/preprocessor.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/arithmetic/inc.hpp>
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BIND_FIRST_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_BIND_FIRST_HPP_
 
-#define param(z,n,text) BOOST_PP_CAT(text, BOOST_PP_INC(n)) 
-
-#ifndef  BOOST_PP_IS_ITERATING
-#ifndef __bind_first_hpp__
-#define __bind_first_hpp__
-
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
-#include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <boost/ref.hpp>
-
-#define BOOST_PP_ITERATION_LIMITS ( 0, 8 )
-#define BOOST_PP_FILENAME_1 <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp>
-
-#include BOOST_PP_ITERATE()
-
-
-# endif
-#else
-# define n BOOST_PP_ITERATION()
-# define m BOOST_PP_INC(n)
+#include <functional>
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
- 
-  template<typename Ret, typename O, typename Class BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param) >
-    boost::function<Ret (BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param))> 
-      bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param)), const O &o)
+  namespace detail
   {
-        return boost::bind(f, o BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM(n, param, _));
+
+    template<typename T>
+      T* get_pointer(T *t)
+      {
+        return t;
       }
 
-  template<typename Ret, typename O, typename Class BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param) >
-    boost::function<Ret (BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param))> 
-      bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param))const, const O &o)
+    template<typename T>
+      T* get_pointer(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &t)
       {
-        return boost::bind(f, o BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM(n, param, _));
+        return &t.get();
       }
 
-  template<typename Ret,typename O BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(m) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(m, typename Param) >
-    boost::function<Ret (BOOST_PP_ENUM(n, param, Param))> 
-      bind_first(Ret (*f)(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(m, Param)), const O &o)
+    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename ... Param>
+      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (*f)(P1, Param...), O&& o)
       {
-        return boost::bind(f, o BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM(n, param, _));
+        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
+            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
+              return f(std::forward<O>(o), std::forward<Param>(param)...);
+            }
+          );
       }
 
-  template<typename Ret,typename O BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(m) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(m, typename Param) >
-    boost::function<Ret (BOOST_PP_ENUM(n, param, Param))> 
-      bind_first(const boost::function<Ret (BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(m, Param))> &f, const O &o)
+    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
+      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...), O&& o)
       {
-        return boost::bind(f, o BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM(n, param, _));
+        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
+            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
+              return (get_pointer(o)->*f)(std::forward<Param>(param)...);
+            }
+          );
+      }
+
+    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
+      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const, O&& o)
+      {
+        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
+            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
+              return (get_pointer(o)->*f)(std::forward<Param>(param)...);
+            }
+          );
+
+      }
+
+    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename ... Param>
+      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(const std::function<Ret (P1, Param...)> &f, O&& o)
+      {
+        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
+            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
+              return f(o, std::forward<Param>(param)...);
+            });
       }
 
 
+  }
 }
 
+
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp

@@ -1,170 +1,111 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#ifndef __bootstrap_hpp
-#define __bootstrap_hpp__
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_HPP_
 
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <exception>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <vector>
+#include <iterator>
+
+#include "bad_boxed_cast.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
+#include "boxed_number.hpp"
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit.hpp"
+#include "type_conversions.hpp"
 #include "dynamic_object.hpp"
-#include "register_function.hpp"
 #include "operators.hpp"
+#include "proxy_constructors.hpp"
+#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
+#include "proxy_functions_detail.hpp"
+#include "register_function.hpp"
+#include "type_info.hpp"
+#include "../utility/utility.hpp"
+#include "../language/chaiscript_common.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript 
 {
+  /// \brief Classes and functions useful for bootstrapping of ChaiScript and adding of new types
   namespace bootstrap
   {
     namespace detail
     {
-
-      /* Special helpers for generating generic "POD" type operators
-      * The POD operators are needed for general support of C++ POD
-      * types without iterating out all possible combinations of operators
-      * (<, >, +, +=, *=, \=, -, <=, >=, ==) and types
-      * (char, uint8_t, int8_t, uint16_t, int16_t...)
-      */
+      /// \brief Constructs a new POD value object from a Boxed_Number
+      /// \param[in] v Boxed_Number to copy into the new object
+      /// \returns The newly created object.
       template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value v)
+      std::shared_ptr<P1> construct_pod(const Boxed_Number &v)
       {
+        return std::make_shared<P1>(v.get_as<P1>());
+      }
+    }
 
-        if (v.m_isfloat)
+    template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_array<T>::value>::type >
+      ModulePtr array(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
       {
-          return (p1 = P1(v.d));
+        typedef typename std::remove_extent<T>::type ReturnType;
+        const auto extent = std::extent<T>::value;
+        m->add(user_type<T>(), type);
+        m->add(fun(
+              [extent](T& t, size_t index)->ReturnType &{
+                if (extent > 0 && index >= extent) {
+                  throw std::range_error("Array index out of range. Received: " + std::to_string(index)  + " expected < " + std::to_string(extent));
                 } else {
-          return (p1 = P1(v.i));
+                  return t[index];
                 }
               }
+              ), "[]"
+            );
 
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 construct_pod(Boxed_POD_Value v)
-      {
-        if (v.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return P1(v.d);
+        m->add(fun(
+              [extent](const T &t, size_t index)->const ReturnType &{
+                if (extent > 0 && index >= extent) {
+                  throw std::range_error("Array index out of range. Received: " + std::to_string(index)  + " expected < " + std::to_string(extent));
                 } else {
-          return P1(v.i);
+                  return t[index];
                 }
               }
+              ), "[]"
+            );
 
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_bitwise_and_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (!r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 &= P1(r.i);
-        }
-
-        throw bad_boxed_cast("&= only valid for integer types");
-      }
-
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_xor_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (!r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 ^= P1(r.i);
-        }
-
-        throw bad_boxed_cast("^= only valid for integer types");
-      }
-
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_bitwise_or_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (!r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 |= P1(r.i);
-        }
-
-        throw bad_boxed_cast("&= only valid for integer types");
-      }
-
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_difference_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 -= P1(r.d);
-        } else {
-          return p1 -= P1(r.i);
-        }
-      }
-
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_left_shift_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (!r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 <<= P1(r.i);
-        }
-
-        throw bad_boxed_cast("<<= only valid for integer types");
-      }
+        m->add(fun(
+              [extent](const T &) {
+                return extent;
+              }), "size");
 
 
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_product_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 *= P1(r.d);
-        } else {
-          return p1 *= P1(r.i);
-        }
-      }
-
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_quotient_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 /= P1(r.d);
-        } else {
-          return p1 /= P1(r.i);
-        }
-      }
-
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_remainder_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (!r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 %= P1(r.i);
-        }
-
-        throw bad_boxed_cast("%= only valid for integer types");
-      }
-
-
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_right_shift_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (!r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 >>= P1(r.i);
-        }
-
-        throw bad_boxed_cast(">>= only valid for integer types");
-      }
-
-
-      template<typename P1>
-      P1 &assign_sum_pod(P1 &p1, Boxed_POD_Value r)
-      {
-        if (r.m_isfloat)
-        {
-          return p1 += P1(r.d);
-        } else {
-          return p1 += P1(r.i);
-        }
-      }
-
+        return m;
       }
 
+    /// \brief Adds a copy constructor for the given type to the given Model
+    /// \param[in] type The name of the type. The copy constructor will be named "type".
+    /// \param[in,out] m The Module to add the copy constructor to
+    /// \tparam T The type to add a copy constructor for
+    /// \returns The passed in ModulePtr, or the newly constructed one if the default param is used
     template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr opers_comparison(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr copy_constructor(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+    {
+      m->add(constructor<T (const T &)>(), type);
+      return m;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Add all comparison operators for the templated type. Used during bootstrap, also available to users.
+    /// \tparam T Type to create comparison operators for
+    /// \param[in,out] m module to add comparison operators to
+    /// \returns the passed in ModulePtr or the newly constructed one if the default params are used.
+    template<typename T>
+    ModulePtr opers_comparison(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       operators::equal<T>(m);
       operators::greater_than<T>(m);
@@ -175,215 +116,112 @@ namespace chaiscript
       return m;
     }
 
+
+
+    /// \brief Adds default and copy constructors for the given type
+    /// \param[in] type The name of the type to add the constructors for.
+    /// \param[in,out] m The Module to add the basic constructors to
+    /// \tparam T Type to generate basic constructors for
+    /// \returns The passed in ModulePtr, or the newly constructed one if the default param is used
+    /// \sa copy_constructor
+    /// \sa constructor
     template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr opers_integer_arithmetic(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      operators::assign_bitwise_and<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_xor<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_bitwise_or<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_difference<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_left_shift<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_product<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_quotient<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_remainder<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_right_shift<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_sum<T>(m);
-
-      operators::prefix_decrement<T>(m);
-      operators::prefix_increment<T>(m);
-      operators::addition<T>(m);
-      operators::unary_plus<T>(m);
-      operators::subtraction<T>(m);
-      operators::unary_minus<T>(m);
-      operators::bitwise_and<T>(m);
-      operators::bitwise_compliment<T>(m);
-      operators::bitwise_xor<T>(m);
-      operators::bitwise_or<T>(m);
-      operators::division<T>(m);
-      operators::left_shift<T>(m);
-      operators::multiplication<T>(m);
-      operators::remainder<T>(m);
-      operators::right_shift<T>(m);
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr opers_float_arithmetic(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      operators::assign_difference<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_product<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_quotient<T>(m);
-      operators::assign_sum<T>(m);
-
-      operators::addition<T>(m);
-      operators::unary_plus<T>(m);
-      operators::subtraction<T>(m);
-      operators::unary_minus<T>(m);
-      operators::division<T>(m);
-      operators::multiplication<T>(m);
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    /**
-    * Add a copy constructor for type T
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr copy_constructor(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      m->add(constructor<T (const T &)>(), type);
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    /**
-    * Add default and copy constructors for type T
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr basic_constructors(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr basic_constructors(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       m->add(constructor<T ()>(), type);
       copy_constructor<T>(type, m);
       return m;
     }
 
-    /**
-    * Add POD type constructor for type T. ie: T = type(POD)
-    */
+    /// \brief Adds a constructor for a POD type 
+    /// \tparam T The type to add the constructor for
+    /// \param[in] type The name of the type
+    /// \param[in,out] m The Module to add the constructor to
     template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr construct_pod(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr construct_pod(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       m->add(fun(&detail::construct_pod<T>), type);
       return m;
     }
 
-    /**
-    * add user defined single parameter constructor for type T.
-    * T = type(const U &)
-    */
-    template<typename T, typename U>
-    ModulePtr constructor_overload(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      m->add(constructor<T (const U &)>(), type);
-      return m;
-    }
 
-    /**
-    * to_string function for internal use. Uses ostream operator<<
-    */
+    /// to_string function for internal use. Uses ostream operator<<
     template<typename Input>
     std::string to_string(Input i)
     {
-      return boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(i);
+      std::stringstream ss;
+      ss << i;
+      return ss.str();
     }
 
-
-    /**
-    * Internal function for converting from a string to a value
-    * uses ostream operator >> to perform the conversion
-    */
+    /// Internal function for converting from a string to a value
+    /// uses ostream operator >> to perform the conversion
     template<typename Input>
-    Input parse_string(const std::string &i)
+    auto parse_string(const std::string &i)
+      -> typename std::enable_if<
+             !std::is_same<Input, wchar_t>::value
+             && !std::is_same<Input, char16_t>::value
+             && !std::is_same<Input, char32_t>::value,
+      Input>::type
     {
-      return boost::lexical_cast<Input>(i);
+      std::stringstream ss(i);
+      Input t;
+      ss >> t;
+      return t;
+    }
+
+    template<typename Input>
+    auto parse_string(const std::string &) 
+      -> typename std::enable_if<
+             std::is_same<Input, wchar_t>::value
+             || std::is_same<Input, char16_t>::value
+             || std::is_same<Input, char32_t>::value,
+      Input>::type
+    {
+      throw std::runtime_error("Parsing of wide characters is not yet supported");
     }
 
 
-    /**
-     * Add assignment operator for T = POD.
-     */
+    /// Add all common functions for a POD type. All operators, and
+    /// common conversions
     template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr oper_assign_pod(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-      {
-        m->add(fun(&detail::assign_pod<T>), "=");
-        return m;
-      }
-
-    /**
-    * Add all common functions for a POD type. All operators, and
-    * common conversions
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr bootstrap_pod_type(const std::string &name, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr bootstrap_pod_type(const std::string &name, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       m->add(user_type<T>(), name);
-      basic_constructors<T>(name, m);
-      operators::assign<T>(m);
-      oper_assign_pod<T>(m);
+      m->add(constructor<T()>(), name);
       construct_pod<T>(name, m);
 
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_sum_pod<T>), "+=");
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_difference_pod<T>), "-=");
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_product_pod<T>), "*=");
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_quotient_pod<T>), "/=");
-
-      m->add(fun(&to_string<T>), "to_string");
       m->add(fun(&parse_string<T>), "to_" + name);
       return m;
     }
 
-    /**
-    * Add all common functions for a POD type. All operators, and
-    * common conversions
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr bootstrap_integer_type(const std::string &name, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      bootstrap_pod_type<T>(name, m);
 
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_bitwise_and_pod<T>), "&=");
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_xor_pod<T>), "^=");
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_bitwise_or_pod<T>), "|=");
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_left_shift_pod<T>), "<<=");
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_remainder_pod<T>), "%=");
-      m->add(fun(&detail::assign_right_shift_pod<T>), ">>=");
-
-      opers_integer_arithmetic<T>(m);
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    /**
-    * Add all common functions for a POD type. All operators, and
-    * common conversions
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr bootstrap_float_type(const std::string &name, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      bootstrap_pod_type<T>(name, m);
-      opers_float_arithmetic<T>(m);
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    /**
-    * "clone" function for a shared_ptr type. This is used in the case
-    * where you do not want to make a deep copy of an object during cloning
-    * but want to instead maintain the shared_ptr. It is needed internally
-    * for handling of Proxy_Function object (that is,
-    * function variables.
-    */
+    /// "clone" function for a shared_ptr type. This is used in the case
+    /// where you do not want to make a deep copy of an object during cloning
+    /// but want to instead maintain the shared_ptr. It is needed internally
+    /// for handling of Proxy_Function object (that is,
+    /// function variables.
     template<typename Type>
-    boost::shared_ptr<Type> shared_ptr_clone(const boost::shared_ptr<Type> &p)
+    std::shared_ptr<Type> shared_ptr_clone(const std::shared_ptr<Type> &p)
     {
       return p;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Specific version of shared_ptr_clone just for Proxy_Functions
-     */
+    /// Specific version of shared_ptr_clone just for Proxy_Functions
     template<typename Type>
-    boost::shared_ptr<typename boost::remove_const<Type>::type> 
-        shared_ptr_unconst_clone(const boost::shared_ptr<typename boost::add_const<Type>::type> &p)
+    std::shared_ptr<typename std::remove_const<Type>::type> 
+        shared_ptr_unconst_clone(const std::shared_ptr<typename std::add_const<Type>::type> &p)
     {
-      return boost::const_pointer_cast<typename boost::remove_const<Type>::type>(p);
+      return std::const_pointer_cast<typename std::remove_const<Type>::type>(p);
     }
 
 
 
-    /**
-    * Assignment function for shared_ptr objects, does not perform a copy of the
-    * object pointed to, instead maintains the shared_ptr concept.
-    * Similar to shared_ptr_clone. Used for Proxy_Function.
-    */
+    /// Assignment function for shared_ptr objects, does not perform a copy of the
+    /// object pointed to, instead maintains the shared_ptr concept.
+    /// Similar to shared_ptr_clone. Used for Proxy_Function.
     template<typename Type>
-    Boxed_Value ptr_assign(Boxed_Value lhs, const boost::shared_ptr<typename boost::add_const<Type>::type> &rhs)
+    Boxed_Value ptr_assign(Boxed_Value lhs, const std::shared_ptr<Type> &rhs)
     {
       if (lhs.is_undef() 
           || (!lhs.get_type_info().is_const() && lhs.get_type_info().bare_equal(chaiscript::detail::Get_Type_Info<Type>::get())))
@@ -391,109 +229,124 @@ namespace chaiscript
         lhs.assign(Boxed_Value(rhs));
         return lhs;
       } else {
-        throw bad_boxed_cast("type mismatch in pointer assignment");
+        throw exception::bad_boxed_cast("type mismatch in pointer assignment");
       }
     }
 
-    /**
-    * Class consisting of only static functions. All default bootstrapping occurs
-    * from this class.
-    */
+    /// Class consisting of only static functions. All default bootstrapping occurs
+    /// from this class.
     class Bootstrap
     {
     private:
-      /**
-      * Function allowing for assignment of an unknown type to any other value
-      */
+      /// Function allowing for assignment of an unknown type to any other value
       static Boxed_Value unknown_assign(Boxed_Value lhs, Boxed_Value rhs)
       {
         if (lhs.is_undef())
         {
           return (lhs.assign(rhs));
         } else {
-          throw bad_boxed_cast("boxed_value has a set type already");
+          throw exception::bad_boxed_cast("boxed_value has a set type already");
         }
       }
 
       static void print(const std::string &s)
       {
-        std::cout << s;
+        fwrite(s.c_str(), 1, s.size(), stdout);
       }
 
       static void println(const std::string &s)
       {
-        std::cout << s << std::endl;
+        puts(s.c_str());
       }
 
-      /**
-      * Add all arithmetic operators for PODs
-      */
-      static void opers_arithmetic_pod(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+
+      /// Add all arithmetic operators for PODs
+      static void opers_arithmetic_pod(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
       {
-        m->add(fun(&operators::addition<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "+");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::subtraction<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "-");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::bitwise_and<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "&");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::bitwise_xor<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "^");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::bitwise_or<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "|");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::division<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "/");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::left_shift<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "<<");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::multiplication<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "*");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::remainder<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), "%");
-        m->add(fun(&operators::right_shift<Boxed_Value, Boxed_POD_Value, Boxed_POD_Value>), ">>");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::equals), "==");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::less_than), "<");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::greater_than), ">");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::greater_than_equal), ">=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::less_than_equal), "<=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::not_equal), "!=");
+
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::pre_decrement), "--");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::pre_increment), "++");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::sum), "+");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::unary_plus), "+");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::unary_minus), "-");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::difference), "-");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_bitwise_and), "&=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign), "=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_bitwise_or), "|=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_bitwise_xor), "^=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_remainder), "%=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_shift_left), "<<=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_shift_right), ">>=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::bitwise_and), "&");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::bitwise_complement), "~");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::bitwise_xor), "^");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::bitwise_or), "|");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_product), "*=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_quotient), "/=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_sum), "+=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::assign_difference), "-=");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::quotient), "/");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::shift_left), "<<");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::product), "*");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::remainder), "%");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::shift_right), ">>");
+
+
      }
 
-      /**
-      * Create a bound function object. The first param is the function to bind
-      * the remaining parameters are the args to bind into the
-      * result
-      */
+      /// Create a bound function object. The first param is the function to bind
+      /// the remaining parameters are the args to bind into the result
       static Boxed_Value bind_function(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
       {
-        if (params.size() < 2)
-        {
-          throw arity_error(params.size(), 2);
+        if (params.empty()) {
+          throw exception::arity_error(0, 1);
         }
 
         Const_Proxy_Function f = boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function>(params[0]);
 
-        return Boxed_Value(Const_Proxy_Function(new Bound_Function(f,
+        if (f->get_arity() != -1 && size_t(f->get_arity()) != params.size() - 1)
+        {
+          throw exception::arity_error(static_cast<int>(params.size()), f->get_arity());
+        }
+
+        return Boxed_Value(Const_Proxy_Function(std::make_shared<dispatch::Bound_Function>(std::move(f),
           std::vector<Boxed_Value>(params.begin() + 1, params.end()))));
       }
 
-      /**
-      * Returns true if a call can be made that consists of the first parameter
-      * (the function) with the remaining parameters as its arguments.
-      */
-      static Boxed_Value call_exists(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
+
+      static bool has_guard(const Const_Proxy_Function &t_pf)
       {
-        if (params.size() < 1)
-        {
-          throw arity_error(params.size(), 1);
+        auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
+        return pf && pf->get_guard();
       }
 
-        Const_Proxy_Function f = boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function>(params[0]);
-
-        return Boxed_Value(f->call_match(std::vector<Boxed_Value>(params.begin() + 1, params.end())));
+      static Const_Proxy_Function get_guard(const Const_Proxy_Function &t_pf)
+      {
+        const auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
+        if (pf && pf->get_guard())
+        {
+          return pf->get_guard();
+        } else {
+          throw std::runtime_error("Function does not have a guard");
+        }
       }
 
       static void throw_exception(const Boxed_Value &bv) {
         throw bv;
       }
 
-      static boost::shared_ptr<Dispatch_Engine> bootstrap2(boost::shared_ptr<Dispatch_Engine> e = boost::shared_ptr<Dispatch_Engine> (new Dispatch_Engine()))
-      {
-        e->add(user_type<void>(), "void");
-        return e;
-      }
-
       static std::string what(const std::exception &e)
       {
         return e.what();
       }
 
-      /**
-       * Boolean specialization of internal to_string function 
-       */
+      /// Boolean specialization of internal to_string function
       static std::string bool_to_string(bool b)
       {
         if (b)
@@ -504,39 +357,127 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
       }
 
+      template<typename FunctionType>
+        static std::vector<Boxed_Value> do_return_boxed_value_vector(FunctionType f,
+            const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *b)
+        {
+          auto v = (b->*f)();
+ 
+          std::vector<Boxed_Value> vbv;
+
+          for (const auto &o: v)
+          {
+            vbv.push_back(const_var(o));
+          }
+
+          return vbv;
+        }
+
+
+      static bool has_parse_tree(const chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function &t_pf)
+      {
+        const auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
+        return pf && pf->get_parse_tree();
+      }
+
+      static chaiscript::AST_NodePtr get_parse_tree(const chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function &t_pf)
+      {
+        const auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
+        if (pf && pf->get_parse_tree())
+        {
+          return pf->get_parse_tree();
+        } else {
+          throw std::runtime_error("Function does not have a parse tree");
+        }
+      }
+
+      template<typename Function>
+      static std::function<std::vector<Boxed_Value> (const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base*)> return_boxed_value_vector(const Function &f)
+      {
+        return [f](const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *b) {
+          return do_return_boxed_value_vector(f, b);
+        };
+      }
+
+
     public:
-      /**
-      * perform all common bootstrap functions for std::string, void and POD types
-      */
-      static ModulePtr bootstrap(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+      /// \brief perform all common bootstrap functions for std::string, void and POD types
+      /// \param[in,out] m Module to add bootstrapped functions to
+      /// \returns passed in ModulePtr, or newly created one if default argument is used
+      static ModulePtr bootstrap(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
       {
         m->add(user_type<void>(), "void");
         m->add(user_type<bool>(), "bool");
         m->add(user_type<Boxed_Value>(), "Object");
-        m->add(user_type<Boxed_POD_Value>(), "PODObject");
-        m->add(user_type<Proxy_Function>(), "function");
+        m->add(user_type<Boxed_Number>(), "Number");
+        m->add(user_type<Proxy_Function>(), "Function");
+        m->add(user_type<dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function>(), "Assignable_Function");
         m->add(user_type<std::exception>(), "exception");
 
-        m->add(user_type<std::runtime_error>(), "runtime_error");
-        m->add(constructor<std::runtime_error (const std::string &)>(), "runtime_error");
-        m->add(fun(boost::function<std::string (const std::runtime_error &)>(&what)), "what");     
+        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::get_arity), "get_arity");
+        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::annotation), "get_annotation");
+        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::operator==), "==");
 
-        m->add(user_type<Dynamic_Object>(), "Dynamic_Object");
-        m->add(constructor<Dynamic_Object (const std::string &)>(), "Dynamic_Object");
-        m->add(fun(&Dynamic_Object::get_type_name), "get_type_name");
-        m->add(fun(&Dynamic_Object::get_attrs), "get_attrs");
-        m->add(fun(&Dynamic_Object::get_attr), "get_attr");
-        m->eval("def Dynamic_Object::clone() { var new_o := Dynamic_Object(this.get_type_name()); for_each(this.get_attrs(), bind(fun(new_o, x) { new_o.get_attr(x.first) = x.second; }, new_o, _) ); return new_o; }");
+
+        m->add(fun(return_boxed_value_vector(&dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::get_param_types)), "get_param_types");
+        m->add(fun(return_boxed_value_vector(&dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::get_contained_functions)), "get_contained_functions");
+
+
+        m->add(user_type<std::out_of_range>(), "out_of_range");
+        m->add(user_type<std::logic_error>(), "logic_error");
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::exception, std::logic_error>());
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::logic_error, std::out_of_range>());
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::exception, std::out_of_range>());
+
+        m->add(user_type<std::runtime_error>(), "runtime_error");
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::exception, std::runtime_error>());
+
+        m->add(constructor<std::runtime_error (const std::string &)>(), "runtime_error");
+        m->add(fun(std::function<std::string (const std::runtime_error &)>(&what)), "what");
+
+        m->add(user_type<dispatch::Dynamic_Object>(), "Dynamic_Object");
+        m->add(constructor<dispatch::Dynamic_Object (const std::string &)>(), "Dynamic_Object");
+        m->add(constructor<dispatch::Dynamic_Object ()>(), "Dynamic_Object");
+        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_type_name), "get_type_name");
+        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attrs), "get_attrs");
+        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::set_explicit), "set_explicit");
+        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::is_explicit), "is_explicit");
+
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &)>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "get_attr");
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<const Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &) const>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "get_attr");
+
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &)>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::method_missing)), "method_missing");
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<const Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &) const>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::method_missing)), "method_missing");
+
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &)>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "[]");
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<const Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &) const>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "[]");
+
+        m->eval(R""(
+          def Dynamic_Object::clone() { 
+            auto &new_o = Dynamic_Object(this.get_type_name()); 
+            for_each(this.get_attrs(), fun[new_o](x) { new_o.get_attr(x.first) = x.second; } ); 
+            new_o; 
+          }
+          )"");
+
+        m->add(fun(&has_guard), "has_guard");
+        m->add(fun(&get_guard), "get_guard");
 
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::is_undef), "is_var_undef");
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::is_null), "is_var_null");
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::is_const), "is_var_const");
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::is_ref), "is_var_reference");
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::is_pointer), "is_var_pointer");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::is_return_value), "is_var_return_value");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::reset_return_value), "reset_var_return_value");
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::is_type), "is_type");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::get_attr), "get_var_attr");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::copy_attrs), "copy_var_attrs");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::clone_attrs), "clone_var_attrs");
 
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::get_type_info), "get_type_info");
         m->add(user_type<Type_Info>(), "Type_Info");
+        m->add(constructor<Type_Info (const Type_Info &)>(), "Type_Info");
 
 
         operators::equal<Type_Info>(m);
@@ -546,6 +487,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         m->add(fun(&Type_Info::is_void), "is_type_void");
         m->add(fun(&Type_Info::is_undef), "is_type_undef");
         m->add(fun(&Type_Info::is_pointer), "is_type_pointer");
+        m->add(fun(&Type_Info::is_arithmetic), "is_type_arithmetic");
         m->add(fun(&Type_Info::name), "cpp_name");
         m->add(fun(&Type_Info::bare_name), "cpp_bare_name");
         m->add(fun(&Type_Info::bare_equal), "bare_equal");
@@ -553,38 +495,130 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         basic_constructors<bool>("bool", m);
         operators::assign<bool>(m);
+        operators::equal<bool>(m);
+        operators::not_equal<bool>(m);
 
-        m->add(fun(&to_string<const std::string &>), "internal_to_string");
-        m->add(fun(&Bootstrap::bool_to_string), "internal_to_string");
+        m->add(fun([](const std::string &s) -> std::string { return s; }), "to_string");
+        m->add(fun(&Bootstrap::bool_to_string), "to_string");
         m->add(fun(&unknown_assign), "=");
         m->add(fun(&throw_exception), "throw");
         m->add(fun(&what), "what");
 
-        bootstrap_float_type<double>("double", m);
-        bootstrap_integer_type<int>("int", m);
-        bootstrap_integer_type<size_t>("size_t", m);
-        bootstrap_integer_type<char>("char", m);
-        bootstrap_integer_type<boost::int64_t>("int64_t", m);
+        m->add(fun(&to_string<char>), "to_string");
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::to_string), "to_string");
+
+        bootstrap_pod_type<double>("double", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<long double>("long_double", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<float>("float", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<int>("int", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<long>("long", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<unsigned int>("unsigned_int", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<unsigned long>("unsigned_long", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<long long>("long_long", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<unsigned long long>("unsigned_long_long", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<size_t>("size_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<char>("char", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<wchar_t>("wchar_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<char16_t>("char16_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<char32_t>("char32_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<std::int8_t>("int8_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<std::int16_t>("int16_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<std::int32_t>("int32_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<std::int64_t>("int64_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<std::uint8_t>("uint8_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<std::uint16_t>("uint16_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<std::uint32_t>("uint32_t", m);
+        bootstrap_pod_type<std::uint64_t>("uint64_t", m);
 
         operators::logical_compliment<bool>(m);
 
-        opers_comparison<Boxed_POD_Value>(m);
         opers_arithmetic_pod(m);
 
 
         m->add(fun(&print), "print_string");
         m->add(fun(&println), "println_string");
 
-        m->add(Proxy_Function(new Dynamic_Proxy_Function(boost::bind(&bind_function, _1))), 
-          "bind");
+        m->add(dispatch::make_dynamic_proxy_function(&bind_function), "bind");
 
-        m->add(fun(&shared_ptr_unconst_clone<Proxy_Function_Base>), "clone");
-        m->add(fun(&ptr_assign<Proxy_Function_Base>), "=");
+        m->add(fun(&shared_ptr_unconst_clone<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>), "clone");
+        m->add(fun(&ptr_assign<std::remove_const<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>::type>), "=");
+        m->add(fun(&ptr_assign<std::add_const<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>::type>), "=");
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function>());
+        m->add(fun(
+                  [](dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function &t_lhs, const std::shared_ptr<const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base> &t_rhs) {
+                    t_lhs.assign(t_rhs);
+                  }
+                ), "="
+              );
+
+        m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::type_match), "type_match");
+
+
+        m->add(chaiscript::fun(&has_parse_tree), "has_parse_tree");
+        m->add(chaiscript::fun(&get_parse_tree), "get_parse_tree");
+
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::runtime_error, chaiscript::exception::eval_error>());
+
+        m->add(chaiscript::user_type<chaiscript::exception::arithmetic_error>(), "arithmetic_error");
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::runtime_error, chaiscript::exception::arithmetic_error>());
+
+
+//        chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::vector_type<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::AST_Node> > >("AST_NodeVector", m);
+
+
+        chaiscript::utility::add_class<chaiscript::exception::eval_error>(*m,
+            "eval_error",
+            { },
+            { {fun(&chaiscript::exception::eval_error::reason), "reason"},
+              {fun(&chaiscript::exception::eval_error::pretty_print), "pretty_print"},
+              {fun(std::function<std::vector<Boxed_Value> (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &t_eval_error)>([](const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &t_eval_error) -> std::vector<Boxed_Value> { 
+                  std::vector<Boxed_Value> retval;
+                  std::transform(t_eval_error.call_stack.begin(), t_eval_error.call_stack.end(),
+                                 std::back_inserter(retval),
+                                 &chaiscript::var<const std::shared_ptr<const chaiscript::AST_Node> &>);
+                  return retval;
+                })), "call_stack"} }
+            );
+
+
+        chaiscript::utility::add_class<chaiscript::File_Position>(*m,
+            "File_Position",
+            { constructor<File_Position()>(),
+              constructor<File_Position(int, int)>() },
+            { {fun(&File_Position::line), "line"},
+              {fun(&File_Position::column), "column"} }
+            );
+
+
+        chaiscript::utility::add_class<AST_Node>(*m, 
+            "AST_Node",
+            {  },
+            { {fun(&AST_Node::text), "text"},
+              {fun(&AST_Node::identifier), "identifier"},
+              {fun(&AST_Node::filename), "filename"},
+              {fun(&AST_Node::start), "start"},
+              {fun(&AST_Node::end), "end"},
+              {fun(&AST_Node::to_string), "to_string"},
+              {fun(std::function<std::vector<Boxed_Value> (const chaiscript::AST_Node &t_node)>([](const chaiscript::AST_Node &t_node) -> std::vector<Boxed_Value> { 
+                std::vector<Boxed_Value> retval;
+                std::transform(t_node.children.begin(), t_node.children.end(),
+                               std::back_inserter(retval),
+                               &chaiscript::var<const std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::AST_Node> &>);
+                return retval;
+              })), "children"},
+              {fun(&AST_Node::replace_child), "replace_child"}
+            }
+            );
+
+
+        chaiscript::utility::add_class<parser::ChaiScript_Parser>(*m,
+            "ChaiScript_Parser",
+            { constructor<parser::ChaiScript_Parser ()>() },
+            { {fun(&parser::ChaiScript_Parser::parse), "parse"},
+              {fun(&parser::ChaiScript_Parser::ast), "ast"} }
+            );
 
-        m->add(Proxy_Function(new Dynamic_Proxy_Function(boost::bind(&call_exists, _1))), 
-          "call_exists");
 
-        m->add(fun(&type_match), "type_match");
 
         return m;
       }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp

@@ -1,34 +1,46 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-/**
-* This file contains utility functions for registration of STL container
-* classes. The methodology used is based on the SGI STL concepts.
-* http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/table_of_contents.html
-*/
+/// \file
+/// This file contains utility functions for registration of STL container
+/// classes. The methodology used is based on the SGI STL concepts.
+/// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/table_of_contents.html
 
-#ifndef __bootstrap_stl_hpp__
-#define __bootstrap_stl_hpp__
 
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_STL_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_STL_HPP_
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "bootstrap.hpp"
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit.hpp"
+#include "operators.hpp"
+#include "proxy_constructors.hpp"
 #include "register_function.hpp"
-
+#include "type_info.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript 
 {
   namespace bootstrap
   {
-    /**
-    * Bidir_Range, based on the D concept of ranges.
-    * \todo Update the Range code to base its capabilities on
-    *       the user_typetraits of the iterator passed in
-    */
+    namespace standard_library
+    {
+
+      /// Bidir_Range, based on the D concept of ranges.
+      /// \todo Update the Range code to base its capabilities on
+      ///       the user_typetraits of the iterator passed in
       template<typename Container>
         struct Bidir_Range
         {
+          typedef Container container_type;
           typedef typename std::iterator_traits<typename Container::iterator>::reference reference_type;
 
           Bidir_Range(Container &c)
@@ -83,107 +95,112 @@ namespace chaiscript
           typename Container::iterator m_end;
         };
 
-    template<typename Range>
-    struct Retro
+      template<typename Container>
+        struct Const_Bidir_Range
         {
-      Retro(const Range &r)
-        : m_r(r)
-      {}
+          typedef const Container container_type;
+          typedef typename std::iterator_traits<typename Container::const_iterator>::reference const_reference_type;
 
-      bool empty() { return m_r.empty(); }
-      void pop_front() { m_r.pop_back(); }
-      void pop_back() { m_r.pop_front(); }
-      typename Range::reference_type front() { return m_r.back(); }
-      typename Range::reference_type back() { return m_r.front(); }
+          Const_Bidir_Range(const Container &c)
+            : m_begin(c.begin()), m_end(c.end())
+          {
+          }
 
-    private:
-      Range m_r;
+          bool empty() const
+          {
+            return m_begin == m_end;
+          }
+
+          void pop_front()
+          {
+            if (empty())
+            {
+              throw std::range_error("Range empty");
+            }
+            ++m_begin;
+          }
+
+          void pop_back()
+          {
+            if (empty())
+            {
+              throw std::range_error("Range empty");
+            }
+            --m_end;
+          }
+
+          const_reference_type front() const
+          {
+            if (empty())
+            {
+              throw std::range_error("Range empty");
+            }
+            return *m_begin;
+          }
+
+          const_reference_type back() const
+          {
+            if (empty())
+            {
+              throw std::range_error("Range empty");
+            }
+            typename Container::const_iterator pos = m_end;
+            --pos;
+            return *(pos);
+          }
+
+          typename Container::const_iterator m_begin;
+          typename Container::const_iterator m_end;
         };
 
+      namespace detail {
 
-    /**
-    * Add Bidir_Range support for the given ContainerType
-    */
-    template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr input_range_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        template<typename T>
+        size_t count(const T &t_target, const typename T::key_type &t_key)
         {
-      m->add(user_type<Bidir_Range<ContainerType> >(), type + "_Range");
+          return t_target.count(t_key);
+        }
 
-      copy_constructor<Bidir_Range<ContainerType> >(type + "_Range", m);
+        template<typename T>
+          void insert(T &t_target, const T &t_other)
+          {
+            t_target.insert(t_other.begin(), t_other.end());
+          }
 
-      m->add(constructor<Bidir_Range<ContainerType> (ContainerType &)>(), "range");
+        template<typename T>
+          void insert_ref(T &t_target, const typename T::value_type &t_val)
+          {
+            t_target.insert(t_val);
+          }
 
-      m->add(fun(&Bidir_Range<ContainerType>::empty), "empty");
-      m->add(fun(&Bidir_Range<ContainerType>::pop_front), "pop_front");
-      m->add(fun(&Bidir_Range<ContainerType>::front), "front");
-      m->add(fun(&Bidir_Range<ContainerType>::pop_back), "pop_back");
-      m->add(fun(&Bidir_Range<ContainerType>::back), "back");
+
+
+        /// Add Bidir_Range support for the given ContainerType
+        template<typename Bidir_Type>
+          ModulePtr input_range_type_impl(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+          {
+            m->add(user_type<Bidir_Type>(), type + "_Range");
+
+            copy_constructor<Bidir_Type>(type + "_Range", m);
+
+            m->add(constructor<Bidir_Type (typename Bidir_Type::container_type &)>(), "range_internal");
+
+            m->add(fun(&Bidir_Type::empty), "empty");
+            m->add(fun(&Bidir_Type::pop_front), "pop_front");
+            m->add(fun(&Bidir_Type::front), "front");
+            m->add(fun(&Bidir_Type::pop_back), "pop_back");
+            m->add(fun(&Bidir_Type::back), "back");
 
             return m;
           } 
 
-    /**
-    * Add random_access_container concept to the given ContainerType
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessContainer.html
-    */
-    template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr random_access_container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      typedef typename ContainerType::reference(ContainerType::*indexoper)(size_t);
 
-      //In the interest of runtime safety for the m, we prefer the at() method for [] access,
-      //to throw an exception in an out of bounds condition.
-      m->add(
-        fun(boost::function<typename ContainerType::reference (ContainerType *, int)>(static_cast<indexoper>(&ContainerType::at))), "[]");
-
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    /**
-    * Add assignable concept to the given ContainerType
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Assignable.html
-    */
-    template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr assignable_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      basic_constructors<ContainerType>(type, m);
-      operators::assign<ContainerType>(m);
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    /**
-    * Add container concept to the given ContainerType
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Container.html
-    */
-    template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      m->add(fun(boost::function<int (const ContainerType *)>(&ContainerType::size)), "size");
-      m->add(fun<bool (ContainerType::*)() const>(&ContainerType::empty), "empty");
-      m->add(fun<void (ContainerType::*)()>(&ContainerType::clear), "clear");
-
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    /**
-    * Add default constructable concept to the given Type
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/DefaultConstructible.html
-    */
-    template<typename Type>
-    ModulePtr default_constructible_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      m->add(constructor<Type ()>(), type);
-      return m;
-    }
-
-    /**
-    * Algorithm for inserting at a specific position into a container
-    */
+        /// Algorithm for inserting at a specific position into a container
         template<typename Type>
           void insert_at(Type &container, int pos, const typename Type::value_type &v)
           {
-      typename Type::iterator itr = container.begin();
-      typename Type::iterator end = container.end();
+            auto itr = container.begin();
+            auto end = container.end();
 
             if (pos < 0 || std::distance(itr, end) < pos)
             {
@@ -194,14 +211,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
             container.insert(itr, v);
           }
 
-    /**
-    * Algorithm for erasing a specific position from a container
-    */
+
+        /// Algorithm for erasing a specific position from a container
         template<typename Type>
           void erase_at(Type &container, int pos)
           {
-      typename Type::iterator itr = container.begin();
-      typename Type::iterator end = container.end();
+            auto itr = container.begin();
+            auto end = container.end();
 
             if (pos < 0 || std::distance(itr, end) < (pos-1))
             {
@@ -211,87 +227,186 @@ namespace chaiscript
             std::advance(itr, pos);
             container.erase(itr);
           }
-
-    /**
-    * Add sequence concept to the given ContainerType
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Sequence.html
-    */
-    template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr sequence_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
-    {
-      std::string insert_name;
-      if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-      {
-        insert_name = "insert_ref_at";
-      } else {
-        insert_name = "insert_at";
       }
 
-      m->add(fun(&insert_at<ContainerType>), insert_name);
-      m->add(fun(&erase_at<ContainerType>), "erase_at");
+      template<typename ContainerType>
+        ModulePtr input_range_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+        {
+          detail::input_range_type_impl<Bidir_Range<ContainerType> >(type,m);
+          detail::input_range_type_impl<Const_Bidir_Range<ContainerType> >("Const_" + type, m);
+          return m;
+        }
+
+
+      /// Add random_access_container concept to the given ContainerType
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessContainer.html
+      template<typename ContainerType>
+        ModulePtr random_access_container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+        {
+          //In the interest of runtime safety for the m, we prefer the at() method for [] access,
+          //to throw an exception in an out of bounds condition.
+          m->add(
+              fun(
+                [](ContainerType &c, int index) -> typename ContainerType::reference {
+                  return c.at(index);
+                }), "[]");
+
+          m->add(
+              fun(
+                [](const ContainerType &c, int index) -> typename ContainerType::const_reference {
+                  return c.at(index);
+                }), "[]");
 
           return m;
         }
 
-    /**
-    * Add back insertion sequence concept to the given ContainerType
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BackInsertionSequence.html
-    */
+
+      /// Add assignable concept to the given ContainerType
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Assignable.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr back_insertion_sequence_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assignable_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+        {
+          copy_constructor<ContainerType>(type, m);
+          operators::assign<ContainerType>(m);
+          return m;
+        }
+
+
+      /// Add container concept to the given ContainerType
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Container.html
+      template<typename ContainerType>
+        ModulePtr container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+        {
+          m->add(fun([](const ContainerType *a) { return a->size(); } ), "size");
+          m->add(fun([](const ContainerType *a) { return a->empty(); } ), "empty");
+          m->add(fun([](ContainerType *a) { a->clear(); } ), "clear");
+          return m;
+        }
+
+
+      /// Add default constructable concept to the given Type
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/DefaultConstructible.html
+      template<typename Type>
+        ModulePtr default_constructible_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+        {
+          m->add(constructor<Type ()>(), type);
+          return m;
+        }
+
+
+
+
+      /// Add sequence concept to the given ContainerType
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Sequence.html
+      template<typename ContainerType>
+        ModulePtr sequence_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+        {
+          m->add(fun(&detail::insert_at<ContainerType>), 
+              []()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  return "insert_ref_at";
+                } else {
+                  return "insert_at";
+                }
+              }());
+
+          m->add(fun(&detail::erase_at<ContainerType>), "erase_at");
+
+          return m;
+        }
+
+
+      /// Add back insertion sequence concept to the given ContainerType
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BackInsertionSequence.html
+      template<typename ContainerType>
+        ModulePtr back_insertion_sequence_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           typedef typename ContainerType::reference (ContainerType::*backptr)();
 
           m->add(fun(static_cast<backptr>(&ContainerType::back)), "back");
 
-      std::string push_back_name;
-      if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-      {
-        push_back_name = "push_back_ref";
-      } else {
-        push_back_name = "push_back";
-      }
 
-      m->add(fun(&ContainerType::push_back), push_back_name);
+          typedef void (ContainerType::*push_back)(const typename ContainerType::value_type &);
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<push_back>(&ContainerType::push_back)),
+              [&]()->std::string{
+              if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                m->eval(
+                    "# Pushes the second value onto the container while making a clone of the value\n"
+                    "def push_back(" + type + " container, x)\n"
+                    "{ \n"
+                    "  if (x.is_var_return_value()) {\n"
+                    "    x.reset_var_return_value() \n"
+                    "    container.push_back_ref(x) \n"
+                    "  } else { \n"
+                    "    container.push_back_ref(clone(x)); \n"
+                    "  }\n"
+                    "} \n"
+                    );
+
+                  return "push_back_ref";
+                } else {
+                  return "push_back";
+                }
+              }());
+
           m->add(fun(&ContainerType::pop_back), "pop_back");
           return m;
         }
 
 
-    /**
-     *Front insertion sequence
-     *http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/FrontInsertionSequence.html
-     */
+
+      /// Front insertion sequence
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/FrontInsertionSequence.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr front_insertion_sequence_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr front_insertion_sequence_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-      typedef typename ContainerType::reference (ContainerType::*frontptr)();
+          typedef typename ContainerType::reference (ContainerType::*front_ptr)();
+          typedef typename ContainerType::const_reference (ContainerType::*const_front_ptr)() const;
+          typedef void (ContainerType::*push_ptr)(typename ContainerType::const_reference);
+          typedef void (ContainerType::*pop_ptr)();
 
-      m->add(fun(static_cast<frontptr>(&ContainerType::front)), "front");
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<front_ptr>(&ContainerType::front)), "front");
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<const_front_ptr>(&ContainerType::front)), "front");
 
-      std::string push_front_name;
-      if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-      {
-        push_front_name = "push_front_ref";
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<push_ptr>(&ContainerType::push_front)),
+              [&]()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  m->eval(
+                      "# Pushes the second value onto the front of container while making a clone of the value\n"
+                      "def push_front(" + type + " container, x)\n"
+                      "{ \n"
+                      "  if (x.is_var_return_value()) {\n"
+                      "    x.reset_var_return_value() \n"
+                      "    container.push_front_ref(x) \n"
+                      "  } else { \n"
+                      "    container.push_front_ref(clone(x)); \n"
+                      "  }\n"
+                      "} \n"
+                      );
+                  return "push_front_ref";
                 } else {
-        push_front_name = "push_front";
+                  return "push_front";
                 }
-      m->add(fun(&ContainerType::push_front), push_front_name);
-      m->add(fun(&ContainerType::pop_front), "pop_front");
+              }());
+
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<pop_ptr>(&ContainerType::pop_front)), "pop_front");
           return m;
         }
 
-    /**
-    * bootstrap a given PairType
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/pair.html
-    */
+
+      /// bootstrap a given PairType
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/pair.html
       template<typename PairType>
-    ModulePtr pair_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr pair_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<PairType>(), type);
 
-      m->add(fun(&PairType::first), "first");
-      m->add(fun(&PairType::second), "second");
+
+          typename PairType::first_type PairType::* f = &PairType::first;
+          typename PairType::second_type PairType::* s = &PairType::second;
+
+          m->add(fun(f), "first");
+          m->add(fun(s), "second");
 
           basic_constructors<PairType>(type, m);
           m->add(constructor<PairType (const typename PairType::first_type &, const typename PairType::second_type &)>(), type);
@@ -300,42 +415,87 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
 
-    /**
-    * Add pair associative container concept to the given ContainerType
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/PairAssociativeContainer.html
-    */
+
+      /// Add pair associative container concept to the given ContainerType
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/PairAssociativeContainer.html
+
       template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr pair_associative_container_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr pair_associative_container_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           pair_type<typename ContainerType::value_type>(type + "_Pair", m);
 
           return m;
         }
 
-    /**
-    * Add unique associative container concept to the given ContainerType
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/UniqueAssociativeContainer.html
-    */
+
+      /// Add unique associative container concept to the given ContainerType
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/UniqueAssociativeContainer.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-    ModulePtr unique_associative_container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr unique_associative_container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-//      m->add(fun<size_t (ContainerType::*)(const typename ContainerType::key_type &) const>(&ContainerType::count), "count");
-      m->add(fun(boost::function<int (const ContainerType *, const typename ContainerType::key_type &)>(&ContainerType::count)), "count");
+          m->add(fun(detail::count<ContainerType>), "count");
+
+          typedef size_t (ContainerType::*erase_ptr)(const typename ContainerType::key_type &);
+
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<erase_ptr>(&ContainerType::erase)), "erase");
+
+          m->add(fun(&detail::insert<ContainerType>), "insert");
+
+          m->add(fun(&detail::insert_ref<ContainerType>), 
+              []()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename ContainerType::mapped_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  return "insert_ref";
+                } else {
+                  return "insert";
+                }
+              }());
+
 
           return m;
         }
 
-    /**
-    * Add a MapType container
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Map.html
-    */
+
+      /// Add a MapType container
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Map.html
       template<typename MapType>
-    ModulePtr map_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr map_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<MapType>(), type);
-      m->add(fun(&MapType::operator[]), "[]");
+
+          typedef typename MapType::mapped_type &(MapType::*elem_access)(const typename MapType::key_type &);
+          typedef const typename MapType::mapped_type &(MapType::*const_elem_access)(const typename MapType::key_type &) const;
+
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<elem_access>(&MapType::operator[])), "[]");
+
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<elem_access>(&MapType::at)), "at");
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<const_elem_access>(&MapType::at)), "at");
+
+          if (typeid(MapType) == typeid(std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>))
+          {
+            m->eval(R"(
+                    def Map::`==`(Map rhs) {
+                       if ( rhs.size() != this.size() ) {
+                         return false;
+                       } else {
+                         auto r1 = range(this);
+                         auto r2 = range(rhs);
+                         while (!r1.empty())
+                         {
+                           if (!eq(r1.front().first, r2.front().first) || !eq(r1.front().second, r2.front().second))
+                           {
+                             return false;
+                           }
+                           r1.pop_front();
+                           r2.pop_front();
+                         }
+                         true;
+                       }
+                   } )"
+                 );
+          } 
 
           container_type<MapType>(type, m);
+          default_constructible_type<MapType>(type, m);
           assignable_type<MapType>(type, m);
           unique_associative_container_type<MapType>(type, m);
           pair_associative_container_type<MapType>(type, m);
@@ -344,12 +504,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m;
         }
 
-    /**
-     * hopefully working List type
-     * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/List.html
-     */
+
+      /// hopefully working List type
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/List.html
       template<typename ListType>
-    ModulePtr list_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr list_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<ListType>(), type);
 
@@ -364,15 +523,21 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m;
         }
 
-    /**
-    * Create a vector type with associated concepts
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Vector.html
-    */
+
+      /// Create a vector type with associated concepts
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Vector.html
       template<typename VectorType>
-    ModulePtr vector_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr vector_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<VectorType>(), type);
 
+          typedef typename VectorType::reference (VectorType::*frontptr)();
+          typedef typename VectorType::const_reference (VectorType::*constfrontptr)() const;
+
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<frontptr>(&VectorType::front)), "front");
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<constfrontptr>(&VectorType::front)), "front");
+
+
           back_insertion_sequence_type<VectorType>(type, m);
           sequence_type<VectorType>(type, m);
           random_access_container_type<VectorType>(type, m);
@@ -381,16 +546,37 @@ namespace chaiscript
           assignable_type<VectorType>(type, m);
           input_range_type<VectorType>(type, m);
 
+          if (typeid(VectorType) == typeid(std::vector<Boxed_Value>))
+          {
+            m->eval(R"(
+                    def Vector::`==`(Vector rhs) {
+                       if ( rhs.size() != this.size() ) {
+                         return false;
+                       } else {
+                         auto r1 = range(this);
+                         auto r2 = range(rhs);
+                         while (!r1.empty())
+                         {
+                           if (!eq(r1.front(), r2.front()))
+                           {
+                             return false;
+                           }
+                           r1.pop_front();
+                           r2.pop_front();
+                         }
+                         true;
+                       }
+                   } )"
+                 );
+          } 
+
           return m;
         }
 
-
-    /**
-    * Add a String container
-    * http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/basic_string.html
-    */
+      /// Add a String container
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/basic_string.html
       template<typename String>
-    ModulePtr string_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr string_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<String>(), type);
           operators::addition<String>(m);
@@ -399,34 +585,59 @@ namespace chaiscript
           random_access_container_type<String>(type, m);
           sequence_type<String>(type, m);
           default_constructible_type<String>(type, m);
-      container_type<String>(type, m);
+          // container_type<String>(type, m);
           assignable_type<String>(type, m);
           input_range_type<String>(type, m);
 
           //Special case: add push_back to string (which doesn't support other back_insertion operations
-      std::string push_back_name;
-      if (typeid(typename String::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-      {
-        push_back_name = "push_back_ref";
+          m->add(fun(&String::push_back), 
+              []()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename String::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  return "push_back_ref";
                 } else {
-        push_back_name = "push_back";
+                  return "push_back";
                 }
-      m->add(fun(&String::push_back), push_back_name);
+              }());
 
-      typedef typename String::size_type (String::*find_func_ptr)(const String &, typename String::size_type) const;
 
-      typedef boost::function<int (const String *, const String &, int)> find_func;
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s, const String &f, size_t pos) { return s->find(f, pos); } ), "find");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s, const String &f, size_t pos) { return s->rfind(f, pos); } ), "rfind");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s, const String &f, size_t pos) { return s->find_first_of(f, pos); } ), "find_first_of");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s, const String &f, size_t pos) { return s->find_last_of(f, pos); } ), "find_last_of");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s, const String &f, size_t pos) { return s->find_last_not_of(f, pos); } ), "find_last_not_of");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s, const String &f, size_t pos) { return s->find_first_not_of(f, pos); } ), "find_first_not_of");
 
-      m->add(fun(find_func(static_cast<find_func_ptr>(&String::find))), "find");
-      m->add(fun(find_func(static_cast<find_func_ptr>(&String::rfind))), "rfind");
-      m->add(fun(find_func(static_cast<find_func_ptr>(&String::find_first_of))), "find_first_of");
-      m->add(fun(find_func(static_cast<find_func_ptr>(&String::find_last_of))), "find_last_of");
-      m->add(fun(find_func(static_cast<find_func_ptr>(&String::find_first_not_of))), "find_first_not_of");
-      m->add(fun(find_func(static_cast<find_func_ptr>(&String::find_last_not_of))), "find_last_not_of");
+          m->add(fun([](String *s) { s->clear(); } ), "clear");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s) { return s->empty(); } ), "empty");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s) { return s->size(); } ), "size");
+
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s) { return s->c_str(); } ), "c_str");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s) { return s->data(); } ), "data");
+          m->add(fun([](const String *s, size_t pos, size_t len) { return s->substr(pos, len); } ), "substr");
+
+          return m;
+        }
+
+
+
+      /// Add a MapType container
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Map.html
+      template<typename FutureType>
+        ModulePtr future_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+        {
+          m->add(user_type<FutureType>(), type);
+
+          m->add(fun([](const FutureType &t) { return t.valid(); }), "valid");
+          m->add(fun(&FutureType::get), "get");
+          m->add(fun(&FutureType::wait), "wait");
 
           return m;
         }
     }
+  }
 }
 
+
 #endif
+
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
+
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "bad_boxed_cast.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast_helper.hpp"
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "type_conversions.hpp"
+#include "type_info.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Type_Conversions;
+namespace detail {
+namespace exception {
+class bad_any_cast;
+}  // namespace exception
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace chaiscript
+
+namespace chaiscript 
+{
+ 
+  /// \brief Function for extracting a value stored in a Boxed_Value object
+  /// \tparam Type The type to extract from the Boxed_Value
+  /// \param[in] bv The Boxed_Value to extract a typed value from
+  /// \returns Type equivalent to the requested type 
+  /// \throws exception::bad_boxed_cast If the requested conversion is not possible
+  /// 
+  /// boxed_cast will attempt to make conversions between value, &, *, std::shared_ptr, std::reference_wrapper,
+  /// and std::function (const and non-const) where possible. boxed_cast is used internally during function
+  /// dispatch. This means that all of these conversions will be attempted automatically for you during
+  /// ChaiScript function calls.
+  ///
+  /// \li non-const values can be extracted as const or non-const
+  /// \li const values can be extracted only as const
+  /// \li Boxed_Value constructed from pointer or std::reference_wrapper can be extracted as reference,
+  ///     pointer or value types
+  /// \li Boxed_Value constructed from std::shared_ptr or value types can be extracted as reference,
+  ///     pointer, value, or std::shared_ptr types
+  ///
+  /// Conversions to std::function objects are attempted as well
+  ///
+  /// Example:
+  /// \code
+  /// // All of the following should succeed
+  /// chaiscript::Boxed_Value bv(1);
+  /// std::shared_ptr<int> spi = chaiscript::boxed_cast<std::shared_ptr<int> >(bv);
+  /// int i = chaiscript::boxed_cast<int>(bv);
+  /// int *ip = chaiscript::boxed_cast<int *>(bv);
+  /// int &ir = chaiscript::boxed_cast<int &>(bv);
+  /// std::shared_ptr<const int> cspi = chaiscript::boxed_cast<std::shared_ptr<const int> >(bv);
+  /// const int ci = chaiscript::boxed_cast<const int>(bv);
+  /// const int *cip = chaiscript::boxed_cast<const int *>(bv);
+  /// const int &cir = chaiscript::boxed_cast<const int &>(bv);
+  /// \endcode
+  ///
+  /// std::function conversion example
+  /// \code
+  /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  /// Boxed_Value bv = chai.eval("`+`"); // Get the functor for the + operator which is built in 
+  /// std::function<int (int, int)> f = chaiscript::boxed_cast<std::function<int (int, int)> >(bv);
+  /// int i = f(2,3);
+  /// assert(i == 5);
+  /// \endcode
+  template<typename Type>
+  typename detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::Result_Type boxed_cast(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions = nullptr)
+  {
+    if (!t_conversions || bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Type>()) || (t_conversions && !t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())) {
+      try {
+        return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(bv, t_conversions);
+      } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
+      }
+    }
+
+
+    if (t_conversions && t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())
+    {
+      try {
+        // std::cout << "trying an up conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << '\n';
+        // We will not catch any bad_boxed_dynamic_cast that is thrown, let the user get it
+        // either way, we are not responsible if it doesn't work
+        return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
+      } catch (...) {
+        try {
+        //  std::cout << "trying a down conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << '\n';
+          // try going the other way - down the inheritance graph
+          return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_down_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
+        } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
+          throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // If it's not polymorphic, just throw the error, don't waste the time on the 
+      // attempted dynamic_cast
+      throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
+    }
+
+  }
+
+}
+
+
+
+#endif
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "type_info.hpp"
+
+
+namespace chaiscript 
+{
+  class Type_Conversions;
+
+  namespace detail
+  {
+    // Cast_Helper_Inner helper classes
+
+    template<typename T>
+      T* throw_if_null(T *t)
+      {
+        if (t) return t;
+        throw std::runtime_error("Attempted to dereference null Boxed_Value");
+      }
+
+    /// Generic Cast_Helper_Inner, for casting to any type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner
+      {
+        typedef typename std::add_const<Result>::type Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
+          {
+            auto p = throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr());
+            return *static_cast<const Result *>(p);
+          } else {
+            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result>
+      {
+      };
+
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const * type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result *>
+      {
+        typedef const Result * Result_Type;
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
+          {
+            return static_cast<const Result *>(ob.get_const_ptr());
+          } else {
+            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a * type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result *>
+      {
+        typedef Result * Result_Type;
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const() && ob.get_type_info() == typeid(Result))
+          {
+            return static_cast<Result *>(ob.get_ptr());
+          } else {
+            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result * const &> : public Cast_Helper_Inner<Result *>
+    {
+    };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result * const &> : public Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result *>
+    {
+    };
+
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a & type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &>
+      {
+        typedef const Result& Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
+          {
+            auto p = throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr());
+            return *static_cast<const Result *>(p);
+          } else {
+            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a & type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
+      {
+        typedef Result& Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const() && ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
+          {
+            return *(static_cast<Result *>(throw_if_null(ob.get_ptr())));
+          } else {
+            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::shared_ptr<> type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> >
+      {
+        typedef std::shared_ptr<Result> Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          return ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result> >();
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::shared_ptr<const> type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
+      {
+        typedef std::shared_ptr<const Result> Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const())
+          {
+            return std::const_pointer_cast<const Result>(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result> >());
+          } else {
+            return ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >();
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const std::shared_ptr<> & type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> >
+      {
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> >
+      {
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const std::shared_ptr<const> & type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<const Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
+      {
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<const Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
+      {
+      };
+
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a Boxed_Value type
+    template<>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value>
+      {
+        typedef Boxed_Value Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          return ob;
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a Boxed_Value & type
+    template<>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value &>
+      {
+        typedef std::reference_wrapper<Boxed_Value> Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        {
+          return std::ref(const_cast<Boxed_Value &>(ob));
+        }
+      };
+
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const Boxed_Value & type
+    template<>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Boxed_Value> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value>
+      {
+      };
+
+    template<>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Boxed_Value &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value>
+      {
+      };
+
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::reference_wrapper type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::reference_wrapper<Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
+      {
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
+      {
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
+      {
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::reference_wrapper<const Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &>
+      {
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<const Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &>
+      {
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<const Result> & > : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &>
+      {
+      };
+
+    /// The exposed Cast_Helper object that by default just calls the Cast_Helper_Inner
+    template<typename T>
+      struct Cast_Helper
+      {
+        typedef typename Cast_Helper_Inner<T>::Result_Type Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        {
+          return Cast_Helper_Inner<T>::cast(ob, t_conversions);
+        }
+      };
+  }
+  
+}
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/callable_traits.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_CALLABLE_TRAITS_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_CALLABLE_TRAITS_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace dispatch {
+    namespace detail {
+
+      template<typename Class, typename ... Param>
+      struct Constructor
+      {
+        template<typename ... Inner>
+        std::shared_ptr<Class> operator()(Inner&& ... inner) const {
+          return std::make_shared<Class>(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
+        }
+      };
+
+      template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
+      struct Const_Caller
+      {
+        Const_Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const) : m_func(t_func) {}
+
+        template<typename ... Inner>
+        Ret operator()(const Class &o, Inner&& ... inner) const {
+          return (o.*m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
+        }
+
+        Ret (Class::*m_func)(Param...) const;
+      };
+
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
+      struct Fun_Caller
+      {
+        Fun_Caller(Ret( * t_func)(Param...) ) : m_func(t_func) {}
+
+        template<typename ... Inner>
+        Ret operator()(Inner&& ... inner) const {
+          return (m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
+        }
+
+        Ret(*m_func)(Param...);
+      };
+
+      template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
+      struct Caller
+      {
+        Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...)) : m_func(t_func) {}
+
+        template<typename ... Inner>
+        Ret operator()(Class &o, Inner&& ... inner) const {
+          return (o.*m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
+        }
+
+        Ret (Class::*m_func)(Param...);
+      };
+
+      template<typename T>
+        struct Arity
+        {
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+      struct Arity<Ret (Params...)>
+        {
+          static const size_t arity = sizeof...(Params);
+        };
+
+
+      template<typename T>
+        struct Function_Signature
+        {
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+      struct Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)>
+        {
+          typedef Ret Return_Type;
+          typedef Ret (Signature)(Params...);
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret, typename T, typename ... Params>
+      struct Function_Signature<Ret (T::*)(Params...) const>
+        {
+          typedef Ret Return_Type;
+          typedef Ret (Signature)(Params...);
+        };
+
+
+      template<typename T>
+        struct Callable_Traits
+        {
+          typedef typename Function_Signature<decltype(&T::operator())>::Signature Signature;
+          typedef typename Function_Signature<decltype(&T::operator())>::Return_Type Return_Type;
+        };
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+#endif
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp

@@ -1,226 +1,126 @@
-#ifndef __DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP__
-#define __DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP__
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#include <boost/optional.hpp>
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Type_Conversions;
+namespace dispatch {
+class Proxy_Function_Base;
+}  // namespace dispatch
+}  // namespace chaiscript
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+  namespace dispatch
+  {
+    struct option_explicit_set : std::runtime_error {
+      option_explicit_set(const std::string &t_param_name)
+        : std::runtime_error("option explicit set and parameter '" + t_param_name + "' does not exist")
+      {
+
+      }
+
+      option_explicit_set(const option_explicit_set &) = default;
+
+      virtual ~option_explicit_set() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+    };
+
     class Dynamic_Object
     {
       public:
-      Dynamic_Object(const std::string &t_type_name)
-        : m_type_name(t_type_name)
+        Dynamic_Object(std::string t_type_name)
+          : m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_option_explicit(false)
         {
         }
 
+        Dynamic_Object() : m_type_name(""), m_option_explicit(false)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bool is_explicit() const
+        {
+          return m_option_explicit;
+        }
+
+        void set_explicit(const bool t_explicit)
+        {
+          m_option_explicit = t_explicit;
+        }
+
         std::string get_type_name() const
         {
           return m_type_name;
         }
 
-      Boxed_Value get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name)
+        const Boxed_Value &operator[](const std::string &t_attr_name) const
+        {
+          return get_attr(t_attr_name);
+        }
+
+        Boxed_Value &operator[](const std::string &t_attr_name)
+        {
+          return get_attr(t_attr_name);
+        }
+
+        const Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name) const
+        {
+          auto a = m_attrs.find(t_attr_name);
+
+          if (a != m_attrs.end()) {
+            return a->second;
+          } else {
+            throw std::range_error("Attr not found '" + t_attr_name + "' and cannot be added to const obj");
+          }
+        }
+
+        Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name)
         {
           return m_attrs[t_attr_name];
         }
 
-      std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> get_attrs()
+        Boxed_Value &method_missing(const std::string &t_method_name)
+        {
+          if (m_option_explicit && m_attrs.find(t_method_name) == m_attrs.end()) {
+            throw option_explicit_set(t_method_name);
+          }
+
+          return get_attr(t_method_name);
+        }
+
+        const Boxed_Value &method_missing(const std::string &t_method_name) const
+        {
+          if (m_option_explicit && m_attrs.find(t_method_name) == m_attrs.end()) {
+            throw option_explicit_set(t_method_name);
+          }
+
+          return get_attr(t_method_name);
+        }
+
+
+        std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> get_attrs() const
         {
           return m_attrs;
         }
 
       private:
         std::string m_type_name;
+        bool m_option_explicit;
 
         std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m_attrs;
     };
 
-  struct Dynamic_Object_Attribute
-  {
-    static Boxed_Value func(const std::string &t_type_name, const std::string &t_attr_name,
-        Dynamic_Object &t_do)
-    {
-      if (t_do.get_type_name() != t_type_name) 
-      {
-        throw bad_boxed_cast("Dynamic object type mismatch");
   }
-
-      return t_do.get_attr(t_attr_name);
-    }
-  };
-
-  /**
-   * A Proxy_Function implementation designed for calling a function
-   * that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
-   * param's type name
-   */
-  class Dynamic_Object_Function : public Proxy_Function_Base
-  {
-    public:
-      Dynamic_Object_Function(
-          const std::string &t_type_name,
-          const Proxy_Function &t_func,
-          const boost::optional<Type_Info> &t_ti = boost::optional<Type_Info>())
-        : Proxy_Function_Base(t_func->get_param_types()),
-          m_type_name(t_type_name), m_func(t_func), m_ti(t_ti)
-      {
-        assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
-            && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
-      }
-
-      virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Function() {}
-
-      virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const
-      {
-        try
-        {
-          const Dynamic_Object_Function &df = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Function &>(f);
-          return df.m_type_name == m_type_name && (*df.m_func) == (*m_func);
-        } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
-          return false;
-        }
-      }
-
-      virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals) const
-      {
-        if (dynamic_object_typename_match(vals, m_type_name, m_ti))
-        {
-          return m_func->call_match(vals);
-        } else {
-          return false;
-        }
-      }    
-
-      virtual Boxed_Value operator()(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params) const
-      {
-        if (dynamic_object_typename_match(params, m_type_name, m_ti))
-        {
-          return (*m_func)(params);
-        } else {
-          throw guard_error();
-        } 
-      }
-
-      virtual int get_arity() const
-      {
-	return m_func->get_arity();
-      }
-
-      virtual std::string annotation() const
-      {
-        return m_func->annotation();
-      }
-
-    private:
-      static bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, const std::string &name,
-          const boost::optional<Type_Info> &ti) 
-      {
-        if (bvs.size() > 0)
-        {
-          try {
-            const Dynamic_Object &d = boxed_cast<const Dynamic_Object &>(bvs[0]);
-            return name == "Dynamic_Object" || d.get_type_name() == name;
-          } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
-            if (ti)
-            {
-              return bvs[0].get_type_info().bare_equal(*ti);
-            } else {
-              return false;
-            }
-          }
-        } else {
-          return false;
-        }
-      }
-
-      std::string m_type_name;
-      Proxy_Function m_func;
-      boost::optional<Type_Info> m_ti;
-
-  };
-
-
-  /**
-   * A Proxy_Function implementation designed for creating a new
-   * Dynamic_Object
-   * that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
-   * param's type name
-   */
-  class Dynamic_Object_Constructor : public Proxy_Function_Base
-  {
-    public:
-      Dynamic_Object_Constructor(
-          const std::string &t_type_name,
-          const Proxy_Function &t_func)
-        : Proxy_Function_Base(build_type_list(t_func->get_param_types())),
-          m_type_name(t_type_name), m_func(t_func)
-      {
-        assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
-            && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
-      }
-
-      static std::vector<Type_Info> build_type_list(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tl)
-      {
-        std::vector<Type_Info>::const_iterator begin = tl.begin();
-        std::vector<Type_Info>::const_iterator end = tl.end();
-
-        if (begin != end)
-        {
-          ++begin;
-        }
-
-        return std::vector<Type_Info>(begin, end);
-      }
-
-      virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Constructor() {}
-
-      virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const
-      {
-        try
-        {
-          const Dynamic_Object_Constructor &dc = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Constructor&>(f);
-          return dc.m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc.m_func) == (*m_func);
-        } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
-          return false;
-        }
-      }
-
-      virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals) const
-      {
-        std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_vals;
-        new_vals.push_back(Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name)));
-        new_vals.insert(new_vals.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
-
-        return m_func->call_match(new_vals);
-      }    
-
-      virtual Boxed_Value operator()(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params) const
-      {
-        std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_params;
-        chaiscript::Boxed_Value bv = var(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name));
-        new_params.push_back(bv);
-        new_params.insert(new_params.end(), params.begin(), params.end());
-
-        (*m_func)(new_params);
-
-        return bv;
-      }
-
-      virtual int get_arity() const
-      {
-        // "this" is not considered part of the arity
-	return m_func->get_arity() - 1; 
-      }
-
-      virtual std::string annotation() const
-      {
-        return m_func->annotation();
-      }
-
-    private:
-      std::string m_type_name;
-      Proxy_Function m_func;
-
-  };
 }
 #endif
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object_detail.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_DETAIL_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_DETAIL_HPP_
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast_helper.hpp"
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
+#include "type_info.hpp"
+#include "dynamic_object.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Type_Conversions;
+namespace dispatch {
+class Proxy_Function_Base;
+}  // namespace dispatch
+}  // namespace chaiscript
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  namespace dispatch
+  {
+    namespace detail
+    {
+      /// A Proxy_Function implementation designed for calling a function
+      /// that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
+      /// param's type name
+      class Dynamic_Object_Function : public Proxy_Function_Base
+      {
+        public:
+          Dynamic_Object_Function(
+              std::string t_type_name,
+              const Proxy_Function &t_func,
+              bool t_is_attribute = false)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(t_func->get_param_types(), t_func->get_arity()),
+              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func), m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>()),
+              m_is_attribute(t_is_attribute)
+          {
+            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+          }
+
+          Dynamic_Object_Function(
+              std::string t_type_name,
+              const Proxy_Function &t_func,
+              const Type_Info &t_ti,
+              bool t_is_attribute = false)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_param_types(t_func->get_param_types(), t_ti), t_func->get_arity()),
+              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func), m_ti(t_ti.is_undef()?nullptr:new Type_Info(t_ti)), m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>()),
+              m_is_attribute(t_is_attribute)
+          {
+            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+          }
+
+          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Function() {}
+
+          Dynamic_Object_Function &operator=(const Dynamic_Object_Function) = delete;
+          Dynamic_Object_Function(Dynamic_Object_Function &) = delete;
+
+          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            if (const auto *df = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Function *>(&f))
+            {
+              return df->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*df->m_func) == (*m_func);
+            } else {
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+
+          virtual bool is_attribute_function() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE { return m_is_attribute; } 
+
+          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            if (dynamic_object_typename_match(vals, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
+            {
+              return m_func->call_match(vals, t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+
+          virtual std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return {m_func};
+          }
+
+          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return m_func->annotation();
+          }
+
+
+        protected:
+          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            if (dynamic_object_typename_match(params, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
+            {
+              return (*m_func)(params, t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              throw exception::guard_error();
+            } 
+          }
+
+          virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return dynamic_object_typename_match(bv, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions);
+          }
+
+        private:
+          static std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_types(
+              const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_inner_types, const Type_Info& t_objectti)
+          {
+            std::vector<Type_Info> types(t_inner_types);
+
+            assert(types.size() > 1);
+            //assert(types[1].bare_equal(user_type<Boxed_Value>()));
+            types[1] = t_objectti;
+            return types;
+          }
+
+          bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const Boxed_Value &bv, const std::string &name,
+              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+          {
+            if (bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(m_doti))
+            {
+              try {
+                const Dynamic_Object &d = boxed_cast<const Dynamic_Object &>(bv, &t_conversions);
+                return name == "Dynamic_Object" || d.get_type_name() == name;
+              } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
+                return false;
+              } 
+            } else {
+              if (ti)
+              {
+                return bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(*ti);
+              } else {
+                return false;
+              }
+            }
+
+          }
+
+          bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, const std::string &name,
+              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+          {
+            if (bvs.size() > 0)
+            {
+              return dynamic_object_typename_match(bvs[0], name, ti, t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+
+          std::string m_type_name;
+          Proxy_Function m_func;
+          std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> m_ti;
+          const Type_Info m_doti;
+          bool m_is_attribute;
+
+
+      };
+
+
+      /**
+       * A Proxy_Function implementation designed for creating a new
+       * Dynamic_Object
+       * that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
+       * param's type name
+       */
+      class Dynamic_Object_Constructor : public Proxy_Function_Base
+      {
+        public:
+          Dynamic_Object_Constructor(
+              std::string t_type_name,
+              const Proxy_Function &t_func)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_type_list(t_func->get_param_types()), t_func->get_arity() - 1),
+              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func)
+          {
+            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+          }
+
+          static std::vector<Type_Info> build_type_list(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tl)
+          {
+            auto begin = tl.begin();
+            auto end = tl.end();
+
+            if (begin != end)
+            {
+              ++begin;
+            }
+
+            return std::vector<Type_Info>(begin, end);
+          }
+
+          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Constructor() {}
+
+          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            const Dynamic_Object_Constructor *dc = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Constructor*>(&f);
+            return dc && dc->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc->m_func) == (*m_func);
+          }
+
+          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_vals{Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name))};
+            new_vals.insert(new_vals.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
+
+            return m_func->call_match(new_vals, t_conversions);
+          }    
+
+          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return m_func->annotation();
+          }
+
+        protected:
+          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            auto bv = Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name), true);
+            std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_params{bv};
+            new_params.insert(new_params.end(), params.begin(), params.end());
+
+            (*m_func)(new_params, t_conversions);
+
+            return bv;
+          }
+
+        private:
+          std::string m_type_name;
+          Proxy_Function m_func;
+
+      };
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_EXCEPTION_SPECIFICATION_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_EXCEPTION_SPECIFICATION_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Boxed_Value;
+namespace exception {
+class bad_boxed_cast;
+}  // namespace exception
+}  // namespace chaiscript
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  namespace detail
+  {
+    /// \todo make this a variadic template
+    struct Exception_Handler_Base
+    {
+      virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) = 0;
+
+      virtual ~Exception_Handler_Base() {}
+
+      protected:
+        template<typename T>
+        void throw_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine)
+        {
+          try { T t = t_engine.boxed_cast<T>(bv); throw t; } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {}
+        }
+    };
+
+    template<typename T1>
+      struct Exception_Handler_Impl1 : Exception_Handler_Base
+      {
+        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl1() {}
+
+        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
+        }
+      };
+    template<typename T1, typename T2>
+      struct Exception_Handler_Impl2 : Exception_Handler_Base
+      {
+        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl2() {}
+
+        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
+        }
+      };
+
+    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
+      struct Exception_Handler_Impl3 : Exception_Handler_Base
+      {
+        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl3() {}
+
+        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
+        }
+      };
+    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
+      struct Exception_Handler_Impl4 : Exception_Handler_Base
+      {
+        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl4() {}
+
+        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T4>(bv, t_engine);
+        }
+      };
+    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
+      struct Exception_Handler_Impl5 : Exception_Handler_Base
+      {
+        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl5() {}
+
+        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T4>(bv, t_engine);
+          throw_type<T5>(bv, t_engine);
+        }
+      };
+  }
+
+  /// \brief Used in the automatic unboxing of exceptions thrown during script evaluation
+  ///
+  /// Exception specifications allow the user to tell ChaiScript what possible exceptions are expected from the script
+  /// being executed. Exception_Handler objects are created with the chaiscript::exception_specification() function.
+  ///
+  /// Example:
+  /// \code
+  /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  ///
+  /// try {
+  ///   chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
+  /// } catch (const double e) {
+  /// } catch (int) {
+  /// } catch (float) {
+  /// } catch (const std::string &) {
+  /// } catch (const std::exception &e) {
+  ///   // This is the one what will be called in the specific throw() above
+  /// }
+  /// \endcode
+  ///
+  /// It is recommended that if catching the generic \c std::exception& type that you specifically catch
+  /// the chaiscript::exception::eval_error type, so that there is no confusion.
+  ///
+  /// \code
+  /// try {
+  ///   chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<const std::exception &>());
+  /// } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
+  ///   // Error in script parsing / execution
+  /// } catch (const std::exception &e) {
+  ///   // Error explicitly thrown from script
+  /// }
+  /// \endcode
+  ///
+  /// Similarly, if you are using the ChaiScript::eval form that unboxes the return value, then chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast
+  /// should be handled as well.
+  /// 
+  /// \code
+  /// try {
+  ///   chai.eval<int>("1.0", chaiscript::exception_specification<const std::exception &>());
+  /// } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
+  ///   // Error in script parsing / execution
+  /// } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+  ///   // Error unboxing return value
+  /// } catch (const std::exception &e) {
+  ///   // Error explicitly thrown from script
+  /// }
+  /// \endcode
+  ///
+  /// \sa chaiscript::exception_specification for creation of chaiscript::Exception_Handler objects
+  /// \sa \ref exceptions
+  typedef std::shared_ptr<detail::Exception_Handler_Base> Exception_Handler;
+
+  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles one type of exception unboxing
+  /// \sa \ref exceptions
+  template<typename T1>
+  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
+  {
+    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl1<T1>());
+  }
+
+  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles two types of exception unboxing
+  /// \sa \ref exceptions
+  template<typename T1, typename T2>
+  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
+  {
+    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl2<T1, T2>());
+  }
+
+  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles three types of exception unboxing
+  /// \sa \ref exceptions
+  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
+  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
+  {
+    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl3<T1, T2, T3>());
+  }
+
+  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles four types of exception unboxing
+  /// \sa \ref exceptions
+  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
+  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
+  {
+    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl4<T1, T2, T3, T4>());
+  }
+
+  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles five types of exception unboxing
+  /// \sa \ref exceptions
+  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
+  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
+  {
+    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl5<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>());
+  }
+}
+
+
+#endif
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp

@@ -1,71 +1,136 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#ifndef __function_call_hpp__
-#define __function_call_hpp__
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
 
-#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
-#include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
+#include <functional>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
-#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
+
+#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
 #include "function_call_detail.hpp"
+#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
+#include "callable_traits.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Boxed_Value;
+class Type_Conversions;
+namespace detail {
+template <typename T> struct Cast_Helper;
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace chaiscript
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
-  /**
-   * Build a function caller that knows how to dispatch on a set of functions
-   * example: 
-   * boost::function<void (int)> f = 
-   *      build_function_caller(dispatchkit.get_function("print"));
-   * \returns A boost::function object for dispatching
-   * \param[in] funcs the set of functions to dispatch on.
-   */
-  template<typename FunctionType>
-    boost::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Proxy_Function > > &funcs)
+  namespace dispatch
   {
-        FunctionType *p=0;
-        return detail::build_function_caller_helper(p, funcs);
+    /// Build a function caller that knows how to dispatch on a set of functions
+    /// example:
+    /// std::function<void (int)> f =
+    ///      build_function_caller(dispatchkit.get_function("print"));
+    /// \returns A std::function object for dispatching
+    /// \param[in] funcs the set of functions to dispatch on.
+    template<typename FunctionType>
+      std::function<FunctionType>
+      functor(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+      {
+        const bool has_arity_match = std::any_of(funcs.begin(), funcs.end(),
+            [](const Const_Proxy_Function &f) {
+              return f->get_arity() == -1 || size_t(f->get_arity()) == chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Arity<FunctionType>::arity;
+            });
+
+        if (!has_arity_match) {
+          throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>(), typeid(std::function<FunctionType>));
         }
 
-  /**
-   * Build a function caller for a particular Proxy_Function object
-   * useful in the case that a function is being pass out from scripting back
-   * into code
-   * example: 
-   * void my_function(Proxy_Function f)
-   * {
-   *   boost::function<void (int)> local_f = 
-   *      build_function_caller(f);
-   * }
-   * \returns A boost::function object for dispatching
-   * \param[in] func A function to execute.
-   */
-  template<typename FunctionType>
-    boost::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(Proxy_Function func)
-      {
-        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Proxy_Function > > funcs;
-        funcs.push_back(std::make_pair(std::string(), func));
-        return functor<FunctionType>(funcs);
+        FunctionType *p=nullptr;
+        return detail::build_function_caller_helper(p, funcs, t_conversions);
       }
 
-  /**
-   * Helper for automatically unboxing a Boxed_Value that contains a function object
-   * and creating a typesafe C++ function caller from it.
-   */
+    /// Build a function caller for a particular Proxy_Function object
+    /// useful in the case that a function is being pass out from scripting back
+    /// into code
+    /// example:
+    /// void my_function(Proxy_Function f)
+    /// {
+    ///   std::function<void (int)> local_f =
+    ///      build_function_caller(f);
+    /// }
+    /// \returns A std::function object for dispatching
+    /// \param[in] func A function to execute.
     template<typename FunctionType>
-    boost::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(const Boxed_Value &bv)
+      std::function<FunctionType>
+      functor(Const_Proxy_Function func, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
       {
-        return functor<FunctionType>(boxed_cast<Proxy_Function >(bv));
+        return functor<FunctionType>(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>({std::move(func)}), t_conversions);
       }
 
+    /// Helper for automatically unboxing a Boxed_Value that contains a function object
+    /// and creating a typesafe C++ function caller from it.
+    template<typename FunctionType>
+      std::function<FunctionType>
+      functor(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+      {
+        return functor<FunctionType>(boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function >(bv, t_conversions), t_conversions);
+      }
+  }
+
+  namespace detail{
+    /// Cast helper to handle automatic casting to const std::function &
+    template<typename Signature>
+      struct Cast_Helper<const std::function<Signature> &>
+      {
+        typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        {
+          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
+          {
+            return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
+          } else {
+            return Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::function<Signature> &>::cast(ob, t_conversions);
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast helper to handle automatic casting to std::function
+    template<typename Signature>
+      struct Cast_Helper<std::function<Signature> >
+      {
+        typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        {
+          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
+          {
+            return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
+          } else {
+            return Cast_Helper_Inner<std::function<Signature> >::cast(ob, t_conversions);
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast helper to handle automatic casting to const std::function
+    template<typename Signature>
+      struct Cast_Helper<const std::function<Signature> >
+      {
+        typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        {
+          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
+          {
+            return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
+          } else {
+            return Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::function<Signature> >::cast(ob, t_conversions);
+          }
+        }
+      };
+  }
 }
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp

@@ -1,96 +1,140 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#include <boost/preprocessor.hpp>
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
 
-#define addparam(z,n,text)  params.push_back(boost::is_reference<Param ## n>::value?Boxed_Value(boost::ref(BOOST_PP_CAT(p, n))):Boxed_Value(BOOST_PP_CAT(p, n) ));
-#define curry(z,n,text)  BOOST_PP_CAT(_, BOOST_PP_INC(n))
-
-
-#ifndef  BOOST_PP_IS_ITERATING
-#ifndef __function_call_detail_hpp__
-#define __function_call_detail_hpp__
-
-#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
-#include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <vector>
+
+#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
+#include "boxed_number.hpp"
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "type_conversions.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+  namespace dispatch
+  {
     namespace detail
     {
-    /**
-     * Internal helper class for handling the return
-     * value of a build_function_caller
-     */
-    template<typename Ret>
+      /// Internal helper class for handling the return
+      /// value of a build_function_caller
+      template<typename Ret, bool is_arithmetic>
         struct Function_Caller_Ret
         {
-        static Ret call(const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Proxy_Function > > &t_funcs, 
-            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
+          static Ret call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
+              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
           {
-          return boxed_cast<Ret>(dispatch(t_funcs, params));
+            return boxed_cast<Ret>(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions()), t_conversions);
           }
         };
 
+      /**
+       * Specialization for arithmetic return types
+       */
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Function_Caller_Ret<Ret, true>
+        {
+          static Ret call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
+              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Number(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions())).get_as<Ret>();
+          }
+        };
+
+
       /**
        * Specialization for void return types
        */
       template<>
-      struct Function_Caller_Ret<void>
+        struct Function_Caller_Ret<void, false>
         {
-        static void call(const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Proxy_Function > > &t_funcs, 
-            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
+          static void call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
+              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
           {
-          dispatch(t_funcs, params);
+            dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions());
           }
         };
-  }
-}
-
-#define BOOST_PP_ITERATION_LIMITS ( 0, 9 )
-#define BOOST_PP_FILENAME_1 <chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp>
-#include BOOST_PP_ITERATE()
-
-# endif
-#else
-# define n BOOST_PP_ITERATION()
-
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace detail
-  {
-    /**
-     * used internally for unwrapping a function call's types
-     */
-    template<typename Ret BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param) >
-      Ret function_caller(const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Proxy_Function > > &funcs 
-          BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_BINARY_PARAMS(n, Param, p) )
-      {
-        std::vector<Boxed_Value> params;
-
-        BOOST_PP_REPEAT(n, addparam, ~)
-
-          return Function_Caller_Ret<Ret>::call(funcs, params);
-      }
 
       /**
        * used internally for unwrapping a function call's types
        */
-    template<typename Ret BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param) >
-      boost::function<Ret (BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param)) > 
-      build_function_caller_helper(Ret (BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param)), const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Proxy_Function> > &funcs)
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
+        struct Build_Function_Caller_Helper
+        {
+          Build_Function_Caller_Helper(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> t_funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+            : m_funcs(std::move(t_funcs)),
+              m_conversions(t_conversions)
           {
-        return boost::bind(&function_caller<Ret BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param)>, funcs
-            BOOST_PP_ENUM_TRAILING(n, curry, ~));
           }
 
+          template<typename ... P>
+          Ret operator()(P&&  ...  param)
+          {
+            return Function_Caller_Ret<Ret, std::is_arithmetic<Ret>::value && !std::is_same<Ret, bool>::value>::call(m_funcs, { 
+                box<P>(std::forward<P>(param))...
+                }, m_conversions
+
+                );
+
+          }
+
+          template<typename P, typename Q>
+          static auto box(Q&& q) -> typename std::enable_if<std::is_reference<P>::value&&!std::is_same<chaiscript::Boxed_Value, typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<P>::type>::type>::value, Boxed_Value>::type
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(std::ref(std::forward<Q>(q)));
+          }
+
+          template<typename P, typename Q>
+          static auto box(Q&& q) -> typename std::enable_if<!std::is_reference<P>::value&&!std::is_same<chaiscript::Boxed_Value, typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<P>::type>::type>::value, Boxed_Value>::type
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(std::forward<Q>(q));
+          }
+
+          template<typename P>
+          static Boxed_Value box(Boxed_Value bv)
+          {
+            return bv;
+          }
+
+
+          std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> m_funcs;
+          const Type_Conversions *m_conversions;
+        };
+
+
+
+      /// \todo what happens if t_conversions is deleted out from under us?!
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+        std::function<Ret (Params...)> build_function_caller_helper(Ret (Params...), const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        {
+          /*
+          if (funcs.size() == 1)
+          {
+            std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret (Params...)>> pfi = 
+              std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret (Params...)> >
+                (funcs[0]);
+
+            if (pfi)
+            {
+              return pfi->internal_function();
+            } 
+            // looks like this either wasn't a Proxy_Function_Impl or the types didn't match
+            // we cannot make any other guesses or assumptions really, so continuing
+          }
+*/
+
+          return std::function<Ret (Params...)>(Build_Function_Caller_Helper<Ret, Params...>(funcs, t_conversions));
+        }
+    }
   }
 }
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp

@@ -1,49 +1,162 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#ifndef __handle_return_hpp__
-#define __handle_return_hpp__
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HANDLE_RETURN_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_HANDLE_RETURN_HPP_
 
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "boxed_number.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "type_info.hpp"
-#include <string>
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
 
-#include <stdexcept>
-#include <vector>
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Boxed_Number;
+}  // namespace chaiscript
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+  namespace dispatch
+  {
+    template<class T, class U> class Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl;
+    template<class T> class Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl;
+
+    namespace detail
+    {
       /**
        * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
        */
       template<typename Ret>
         struct Handle_Return
         {
-      static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret &r)
+          template<typename T,
+                   typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_pod<typename std::decay<T>::type>::value>::type>
+          static Boxed_Value handle(T r)
           {
-        return Boxed_Value(r);
+            return Boxed_Value(std::move(r), true);
+          }
+
+          template<typename T,
+                   typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_pod<typename std::decay<T>::type>::value>::type>
+          static Boxed_Value handle(T &&r)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(std::make_shared<T>(std::forward<T>(r)), true);
           }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-    struct Handle_Return<boost::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::function<Ret> &>
         {
-      static Boxed_Value handle(const boost::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
-      {
-        return Boxed_Value(r);
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
+              );
           }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-    struct Handle_Return<const boost::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret>>
         {
-      static Boxed_Value handle(const boost::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
+              );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
         {
-        return Boxed_Value(r);
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
+                );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
+              );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
+              );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret> &>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(std::function<Ret> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(f),
+                  std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>())
+              );
+          }
+
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
+              );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<Ret *>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(Ret *p)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(p, true);
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<const Ret *>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret *p)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(p, true);
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> >
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
           }
         };
 
@@ -52,7 +165,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret &r)
           {
-        return Boxed_Value(boost::cref(r));
+            return Boxed_Value(std::cref(r), true);
           }
         };
 
@@ -65,12 +178,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(Ret &r)
           {
-        return Boxed_Value(boost::ref(r));
+            return Boxed_Value(std::ref(r));
           }
 
           static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret &r)
           {
-        return Boxed_Value(boost::cref(r));
+            return Boxed_Value(std::cref(r));
           }
         };
 
@@ -86,6 +199,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         };
 
+      /**
+       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
+       */
+      template<>
+        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r)
+          {
+            return r;
+          }
+        };
+
       /**
        * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
        */
@@ -110,6 +235,30 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         };
 
+      /**
+       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
+       */
+      template<>
+        struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Number>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Number &r)
+          {
+            return r.bv;
+          }
+        };
+
+      /**
+       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
+       */
+      template<>
+        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Number>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Number &r)
+          {
+            return r.bv;
+          }
+        };
+
 
       /**
        * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
@@ -122,6 +271,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value::Void_Type());
           }
         };
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp

@@ -1,442 +1,465 @@
-#ifndef __CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP__
-#define __CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP__
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP_
+
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "register_function.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript 
 {
+  namespace bootstrap
+  {
     namespace operators
     {
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign(L l, R r)
+      namespace detail
+      {
+        /// \todo make this return a decltype once we drop gcc 4.6
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign(L l, R r) -> L&
           {
             return (l = r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_bitwise_and(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_bitwise_and(L l, R r) -> decltype((l &= r))
           {
             return (l &= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_xor(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_xor(L l, R r) -> decltype((l^=r))
           {
             return (l ^= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_bitwise_or(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_bitwise_or(L l, R r) -> decltype((l |= r))
           {
             return (l |= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_difference(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_difference(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l -= r))
           {
             return (l -= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_left_shift(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_left_shift(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l <<= r))
           {
             return (l <<= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_product(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_product(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l *= r ))
           {
             return (l *= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_quotient(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_quotient(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l /= r ))
           {
             return (l /= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_remainder(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_remainder(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l %= r ))
           {
             return (l %= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_right_shift(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_right_shift(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l >>= r))
           {
             return (l >>= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret assign_sum(L l, R r)
+        /// \todo make this return a decltype once we drop gcc 4.6
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto assign_sum(L l, R r) -> L&
           {
             return (l += r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L>
-      Ret prefix_decrement(L l)
+        template<typename L>
+          auto prefix_decrement(L l) -> decltype(( --l ))
           {
             return (--l);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L>
-      Ret prefix_increment(L l)
+        template<typename L>
+          auto prefix_increment(L l) -> decltype(( ++l ))
           {
             return (++l);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret equal(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto equal(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l == r ))
           {
             return (l == r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret greater_than(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto greater_than(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l > r ))
           {
             return (l > r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret greater_than_equal(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto greater_than_equal(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l >= r ))
           {
             return (l >= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret less_than(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto less_than(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l < r ))
           {
             return (l < r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret less_than_equal(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto less_than_equal(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l <= r ))
           {
             return (l <= r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L>
-      Ret logical_compliment(L l)
+        template<typename L>
+          auto logical_compliment(L l) -> decltype(( !l ))
           {
             return (!l);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret not_equal(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto not_equal(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l != r ))
           {
             return (l != r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret addition(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto addition(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l + r ))
           {
             return (l + r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L>
-      Ret unary_plus(L l)
+        template<typename L>
+          auto unary_plus(L l) -> decltype(( +l ))
           {
             return (+l);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret subtraction(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto subtraction(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l - r ))
           {
             return (l - r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L>
-      Ret unary_minus(L l)
+        template<typename L>
+          auto unary_minus(L l) -> decltype(( -l ))
           {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4146)
             return (-l);
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#else
+            return (-l);
+#endif
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret bitwise_and(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto bitwise_and(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l & r ))
           {
             return (l & r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L>
-      Ret bitwise_compliment(L l)
+        template<typename L>
+          auto bitwise_compliment(L l) -> decltype(( ~l ))
           {
             return (~l);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret bitwise_xor(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto bitwise_xor(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l ^ r ))
           {
             return (l ^ r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret bitwise_or(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto bitwise_or(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l | r ))
           {
             return (l | r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret division(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto division(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l / r ))
           {
             return (l / r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret left_shift(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto left_shift(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l << r ))
           {
             return l << r;
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret multiplication(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto multiplication(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l * r ))
           {
             return l * r;
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret remainder(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto remainder(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l % r ))
           {
             return (l % r);
           }
 
-    template<typename Ret, typename L, typename R>
-      Ret right_shift(L l, R r)
+        template<typename L, typename R>
+          auto right_shift(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l >> r ))
           {
             return (l >> r);
           }
-
+      }
 
 
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign<T &, T &, const T&>), "=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign<T &, const T&>), "=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_bitwise_and<T &, T &, const T&>), "&=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_bitwise_and<T &, const T&>), "&=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_xor(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_xor(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_xor<T &, T &, const T&>), "^=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_xor<T &, const T&>), "^=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_bitwise_or<T &, T &, const T&>), "|=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_bitwise_or<T &, const T&>), "|=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_difference(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_difference(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_difference<T &, T &, const T&>), "-=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_difference<T &, const T&>), "-=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_left_shift(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_left_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_left_shift<T &, T &, const T&>), "<<=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_left_shift<T &, const T&>), "<<=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_product(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_product(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_product<T &, T &, const T&>), "*=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_product<T &, const T&>), "*=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_quotient(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_quotient(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_quotient<T &, T &, const T&>), "/=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_quotient<T &, const T&>), "/=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_remainder(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_remainder(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_remainder<T &, T &, const T&>), "%=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_remainder<T &, const T&>), "%=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_right_shift(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_right_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_right_shift<T &, T &, const T&>), ">>=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_right_shift<T &, const T&>), ">>=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr assign_sum(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_sum(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&assign_sum<T &, T &, const T&>), "+=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_sum<T &, const T&>), "+=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr prefix_decrement(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr prefix_decrement(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&prefix_decrement<T &, T &>), "--");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::prefix_decrement<T &>), "--");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr prefix_increment(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr prefix_increment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&prefix_increment<T &, T &>), "++");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::prefix_increment<T &>), "++");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr equal(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&equal<bool, const T&, const T&>), "==");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::equal<const T&, const T&>), "==");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr greater_than(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr greater_than(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&greater_than<bool, const T&, const T&>), ">");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::greater_than<const T&, const T&>), ">");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr greater_than_equal(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr greater_than_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&greater_than_equal<bool, const T&, const T&>), ">=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::greater_than_equal<const T&, const T&>), ">=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr less_than(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr less_than(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&less_than<bool, const T&, const T&>), "<");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::less_than<const T&, const T&>), "<");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr less_than_equal(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr less_than_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&less_than_equal<bool, const T&, const T&>), "<=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::less_than_equal<const T&, const T&>), "<=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr logical_compliment(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr logical_compliment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&logical_compliment<bool, const T &>), "!");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::logical_compliment<const T &>), "!");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr not_equal(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr not_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&not_equal<bool, const T &, const T &>), "!=");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::not_equal<const T &, const T &>), "!=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr addition(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr addition(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&addition<T, const T &, const T &>), "+");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::addition<const T &, const T &>), "+");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr unary_plus(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr unary_plus(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&unary_plus<T, const T &>), "+");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::unary_plus<const T &>), "+");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr subtraction(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr subtraction(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&subtraction<T, const T &, const T &>), "-");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::subtraction<const T &, const T &>), "-");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr unary_minus(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr unary_minus(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&unary_minus<T, const T &>), "-");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::unary_minus<const T &>), "-");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&bitwise_and<T, const T &, const T &>), "&");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_and<const T &, const T &>), "&");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr bitwise_compliment(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr bitwise_compliment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&bitwise_compliment<T, const T &>), "~");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_compliment<const T &>), "~");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr bitwise_xor(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr bitwise_xor(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&bitwise_xor<T, const T &, const T &>), "^");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_xor<const T &, const T &>), "^");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&bitwise_or<T, const T &, const T &>), "|");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_or<const T &, const T &>), "|");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr division(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr division(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&division<T, const T &, const T &>), "/");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::division<const T &, const T &>), "/");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr left_shift(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr left_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&left_shift<T, const T &, const T &>), "<<");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::left_shift<const T &, const T &>), "<<");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr multiplication(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr multiplication(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&multiplication<T, const T &, const T &>), "*");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::multiplication<const T &, const T &>), "*");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr remainder(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr remainder(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&remainder<T, const T &, const T &>), "%");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::remainder<const T &, const T &>), "%");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-      ModulePtr right_shift(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr right_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-        m->add(fun(&right_shift<T, const T &, const T &>), ">>");
+          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::right_shift<const T &, const T &>), ">>");
           return m;
         }
     }
+  }
 }
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp

@@ -1,65 +1,52 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#include <boost/preprocessor.hpp>
 
-#ifndef  BOOST_PP_IS_ITERATING
-#ifndef __proxy_constructors_hpp__
-#define __proxy_constructors_hpp__
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_CONSTRUCTORS_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_CONSTRUCTORS_HPP_
 
-#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
-#include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
-
-
-#define BOOST_PP_ITERATION_LIMITS ( 0, 10 )
-#define BOOST_PP_FILENAME_1 <chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp>
-#include BOOST_PP_ITERATE()
-# endif
+#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+  namespace dispatch
+  {
+    namespace detail
+    {
+
+      template<typename Class, typename ... Params  >
+        Proxy_Function build_constructor_(Class (*)(Params...))
+        {
+          auto call = dispatch::detail::Constructor<Class, Params...>();
+
+          return Proxy_Function(
+            chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<std::shared_ptr<Class> (Params...), decltype(call)>>(call));
+        }
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  /// \brief Generates a constructor function for use with ChaiScript
+  /// 
+  /// \tparam T The signature of the constructor to generate. In the form of: ClassType (ParamType1, ParamType2, ...)
+  /// 
+  /// Example:
+  /// \code
+  ///    chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  ///    // Create a new function that creates a MyClass object using the (int, float) constructor
+  ///    // and call that function "MyClass" so that it appears as a normal constructor to the user.
+  ///    chai.add(constructor<MyClass (int, float)>(), "MyClass");
+  /// \endcode
   template<typename T>
     Proxy_Function constructor()
     {
-      T *f = 0;
-      return (detail::build_constructor_(f));
-    }
-}
-
-#else
-# define n BOOST_PP_ITERATION()
-
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace detail
-  {
-    /**
-     * A constructor function, used for creating a new object
-     * of a given type with a given set of params
-     */
-    template<typename Class BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param) >
-      boost::shared_ptr<Class> constructor_( BOOST_PP_ENUM_BINARY_PARAMS(n, Param, p) )
-      {
-        return boost::shared_ptr<Class>(new Class( BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, p) ));
+      T *f = nullptr;
+      return (dispatch::detail::build_constructor_(f));
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Helper function for build a constructor function
-     * example:
-     * dispatchengine.register_function(build_constructor<MyClass, int, const std::string&>, "MyClass");
-     * \todo See if it is possible to make this not be a variadic function
-     */
-    template<typename Class BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param) >
-      Proxy_Function build_constructor_(Class (*)(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param)))
-      {
-        typedef boost::shared_ptr<Class> (sig)(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param));
-        return Proxy_Function(new Proxy_Function_Impl<sig>(boost::function<sig>(&(constructor_<Class BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param)>))));
-      }
-  }
 }
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp

@@ -1,32 +1,34 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#include <boost/preprocessor.hpp>
-
-#define gettypeinfo(z,n,text)  ti.push_back(detail::Get_Type_Info<Param ## n>::get());
-#define casthelper(z,n,text) BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) chaiscript::boxed_cast< Param ## n >(params[n])
-#define trycast(z,n,text) chaiscript::boxed_cast<Param ## n>(params[n]);
-
-#ifndef  BOOST_PP_IS_ITERATING
-#ifndef __proxy_functions_detail_hpp__
-#define __proxy_functions_detail_hpp__
-
-#include "boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "type_info.hpp"
-#include "handle_return.hpp"
-#include <string>
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
-#include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
 
+#include <functional>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "handle_return.hpp"
+#include "type_info.hpp"
+#include "callable_traits.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Type_Conversions;
+namespace exception {
+class bad_boxed_cast;
+}  // namespace exception
+}  // namespace chaiscript
+
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+  namespace exception
+  {
     /**
      * Exception thrown when there is a mismatch in number of
      * parameters during Proxy_Function execution
@@ -39,95 +41,235 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       }
 
-    virtual ~arity_error() throw() {}
+      arity_error(const arity_error &) = default;
+
+      virtual ~arity_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+
       int got;
       int expected;
     };
-
-  template<typename Ret>
-    struct Do_Call
-    {
-      template<typename Fun>
-      static Boxed_Value go(const boost::function<Fun> &fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
-      {
-        return Handle_Return<Ret>::handle(call_func(fun, params));
   }
-    };
 
-  template<>
-    struct Do_Call<void>
+  namespace dispatch
   {
-      template<typename Fun>
-      static Boxed_Value go(const boost::function<Fun> &fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
+    namespace detail
     {
-        call_func(fun, params);
-        return Handle_Return<void>::handle();
-      };
-    };
-}
-
-#define BOOST_PP_ITERATION_LIMITS ( 0, 10 )
-#define BOOST_PP_FILENAME_1 <chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp>
-#include BOOST_PP_ITERATE()
-
-
-# endif
-#else
-# define n BOOST_PP_ITERATION()
-
-namespace chaiscript
-{
       /**
        * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to return a list of all param types
        * it contains.
        */
-  template<typename Ret BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param) >
-    std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_type_list(Ret (*)(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param)))
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+        std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_type_list(Ret (*)(Params...))
         {
-      std::vector<Type_Info> ti;
-      ti.push_back(detail::Get_Type_Info<Ret>::get());
-
-      BOOST_PP_REPEAT(n, gettypeinfo, ~) 
-
-      return ti;
+          /// \note somehow this is responsible for a large part of the code generation
+          return { user_type<Ret>(), user_type<Params>()... };
         }
 
-  /**
-   * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to perform typesafe execution of a function.
-   * The function attempts to unbox each paramter to the expected type.
-   * if any unboxing fails the execution of the function fails and
-   * the bad_boxed_cast is passed up to the caller.
-   */
-  template<typename Ret BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param)>
-    Ret call_func(const boost::function<Ret (BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param))> &f,
-        const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_GCC_4_6 
+      /// \todo REMOVE THIS WHEN WE DROP G++4.6
+
+
+      // Forward declaration
+      template<typename ... Rest> 
+        struct Try_Cast; 
+
+      template<typename Param, typename ... Rest>
+        struct Try_Cast<Param, Rest...>
         {
-      if (params.size() != n)
+          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, size_t generation, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
           {
-        throw arity_error(params.size(), n);
-      } else {
-        return f(BOOST_PP_REPEAT(n, casthelper, ~));
+            boxed_cast<Param>(params[generation], &t_conversions);
+            Try_Cast<Rest...>::do_try(params, generation+1, t_conversions);
           }
+        };
+
+      // 0th case
+      template<>
+        struct Try_Cast<>
+        {
+          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &, size_t, const Type_Conversions &)
+          {
           }
+        };
+
 
       /**
        * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to determine if it is equivalent to another
-   * Proxy_Function_Impl object. This function is primarly used to prevent
+       * Proxy_Function_Impl object. This function is primarily used to prevent
        * registration of two functions with the exact same signatures
        */
-  template<typename Ret BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(n) BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, typename Param)>
-    bool compare_types_cast(Ret (*)(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(n, Param)),
-        const std::vector<Boxed_Value> & BOOST_PP_IF(n, params, ))
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+        bool compare_types_cast(Ret (*)(Params...),
+             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
         {
           try {
-        BOOST_PP_REPEAT(n, trycast, ~);
-      } catch (const bad_boxed_cast &) {
+            Try_Cast<Params...>::do_try(params, 0, t_conversions);
+          } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
             return false;
           }
 
           return true;
         }
 
+      template<typename Ret, int count, typename ... Params>
+        struct Call_Func
+        {
+
+          template<typename Callable, typename ... InnerParams>
+          static Ret do_call(const Callable &f,
+              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions, InnerParams &&... innerparams)
+          {
+            return Call_Func<Ret, count - 1, Params...>::do_call(f, params, t_conversions, std::forward<InnerParams>(innerparams)..., params[sizeof...(Params) - count]);
+          } 
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+        struct Call_Func<Ret, 0, Params...>
+        {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4100) /// Disable unreferenced formal parameter warning, which only shows up in MSVC I don't think there's any way around it \todo evaluate this
+#endif
+          template<typename Callable, typename ... InnerParams>
+            static Ret do_call(const Callable &f,
+                const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions, InnerParams &&... innerparams)
+            {
+              return f(boxed_cast<Params>(std::forward<InnerParams>(innerparams), &t_conversions)...);
+            }
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+        };
+
+      /**
+       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to perform typesafe execution of a function.
+       * The function attempts to unbox each parameter to the expected type.
+       * if any unboxing fails the execution of the function fails and
+       * the bad_boxed_cast is passed up to the caller.
+       */
+      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &, const Callable &f,
+            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+        {
+          if (params.size() == sizeof...(Params))
+          {
+            return Call_Func<Ret, sizeof...(Params), Params...>::do_call(f, params, t_conversions);
+          }
+
+          throw exception::arity_error(static_cast<int>(params.size()), sizeof...(Params));
+        }
+
+
+
+#else
+
+      template<size_t ... I>
+      struct Indexes
+      {
+      };
+
+      template<size_t S, size_t ... I> 
+      struct Make_Indexes
+      {
+        typedef typename Make_Indexes<S-1, I..., sizeof...(I)>::indexes indexes;
+      };
+
+      template<size_t ... I>
+      struct Make_Indexes<0, I...>
+      {
+        typedef Indexes<I...> indexes;
+      };
+
+
+
+      /**
+       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to determine if it is equivalent to another
+       * Proxy_Function_Impl object. This function is primarily used to prevent
+       * registration of two functions with the exact same signatures
+       */
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params, size_t ... I>
+        bool compare_types_cast(Indexes<I...>, Ret (*)(Params...),
+             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+        {
+          try {
+            (void)params; (void)t_conversions;
+            (void)std::initializer_list<int>{(boxed_cast<Params>(params[I], &t_conversions), 0)...};
+            return true;
+          } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+            return false;
+          }
+
+        }
+
+      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+        bool compare_types_cast(Ret (*f)(Params...),
+             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+        {
+          typedef typename Make_Indexes<sizeof...(Params)>::indexes indexes;
+          return compare_types_cast(indexes(), f, params, t_conversions);
+        }
+
+
+      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params, size_t ... I>
+        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &, Indexes<I...>, const Callable &f,
+            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+        {
+          (void)params; (void)t_conversions;
+          return f(boxed_cast<Params>(params[I], &t_conversions)...);
+        }
+
+
+      /**
+       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to perform typesafe execution of a function.
+       * The function attempts to unbox each parameter to the expected type.
+       * if any unboxing fails the execution of the function fails and
+       * the bad_boxed_cast is passed up to the caller.
+       */
+      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params>
+        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &sig, const Callable &f,
+            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+        {
+          typedef typename Make_Indexes<sizeof...(Params)>::indexes indexes;
+          return call_func(sig, indexes(), f, params, t_conversions);
+        }
+
+#endif
+
+    }
+  }
+
+}
+
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  namespace dispatch
+  {
+    namespace detail
+    {
+    template<typename Ret>
+      struct Do_Call
+      {
+        template<typename Signature, typename Callable>
+          static Boxed_Value go(const Callable &fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+          {
+            return Handle_Return<Ret>::handle(call_func(Function_Signature<Signature>(), fun, params, t_conversions));
+          }
+      };
+
+    template<>
+      struct Do_Call<void>
+      {
+        template<typename Signature, typename Callable>
+          static Boxed_Value go(const Callable &fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+          {
+            call_func(Function_Signature<Signature>(), fun, params, t_conversions);
+            return Handle_Return<void>::handle();
+          }
+      };
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp

@@ -1,73 +1,136 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#ifndef __register_function_hpp__
-#define __register_function_hpp__
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_REGISTER_FUNCTION_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_REGISTER_FUNCTION_HPP_
+
+#include <type_traits>
 
-#include "dispatchkit.hpp"
 #include "bind_first.hpp"
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
-#include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <boost/function_types/components.hpp>
-#include <boost/function_types/function_type.hpp>
-#include <boost/function_types/is_member_object_pointer.hpp>
+#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
-  namespace detail
-  {
-    template<bool Object>
-      struct Fun_Helper
-      {
+
+  /// \brief Creates a new Proxy_Function object from a free function, member function or data member
+  /// \param[in] t Function / member to expose
+  ///
+  /// \b Example:
+  /// \code
+  /// int myfunction(const std::string &);
+  /// class MyClass
+  /// {
+  ///   public:
+  ///     void memberfunction();
+  ///     int memberdata;
+  /// };
+  /// 
+  /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  /// chai.add(fun(&myfunction), "myfunction");
+  /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberfunction), "memberfunction");
+  /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberdata), "memberdata");
+  /// \endcode
+  /// 
+  /// \sa \ref adding_functions
   template<typename T>
-        static Proxy_Function go(T t)
+    Proxy_Function fun(const T &t)
     {
+      typedef typename dispatch::detail::Callable_Traits<T>::Signature Signature;
+
       return Proxy_Function(
-              new Proxy_Function_Impl<
-                  typename boost::function_types::function_type<boost::function_types::components<T> >::type> (
-                    boost::function< 
-                      typename boost::function_types::function_type<boost::function_types::components<T> >::type 
-                      >(t)));
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Signature, T>>(t));
     }
-    };
 
-    template<>
-      struct Fun_Helper<true>
+  template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (*func)(Param...))
     {
-        template<typename T, typename Class>
-          static Proxy_Function go(T Class::* m)
+      auto fun_call = dispatch::detail::Fun_Caller<Ret, Param...>(func);
+
+      return Proxy_Function(
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (Param...), decltype(fun_call)>>(fun_call));
+
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const)
     {
-            return Proxy_Function(new Attribute_Access<T, Class>(m));
-          }
-      };
+      auto call = dispatch::detail::Const_Caller<Ret, Class, Param...>(t_func);
 
+      return Proxy_Function(
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (const Class &, Param...), decltype(call)>>(call));
     }
 
-  template<typename T>
-    Proxy_Function fun(const boost::function<T> &f)
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...))
     {
-      return Proxy_Function(new Proxy_Function_Impl<T>(f));
+      auto call = dispatch::detail::Caller<Ret, Class, Param...>(t_func);
+
+      return Proxy_Function(
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (Class &, Param...), decltype(call)>>(call));
+
     }
 
-  template<typename T>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T t)
+
+  template<typename T, typename Class /*, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::type*/>
+    Proxy_Function fun(T Class::* m /*, typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::type* = 0*/ )
     {
-      return detail::Fun_Helper<boost::function_types::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::go(t);
+      return Proxy_Function(chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Attribute_Access<T, Class>>(m));
     }
 
+
+
+  
+  /// \brief Creates a new Proxy_Function object from a free function, member function or data member and binds the first parameter of it
+  /// \param[in] t Function / member to expose
+  /// \param[in] q Value to bind to first parameter
+  ///
+  /// \b Example:
+  /// \code
+  /// struct MyClass
+  /// {
+  ///   void memberfunction(int);
+  /// };
+  /// 
+  /// MyClass obj;
+  /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  /// // Add function taking only one argument, an int, and permanently bound to "obj"
+  /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberfunction, std::ref(obj)), "memberfunction"); 
+  /// \endcode
+  /// 
+  /// \sa \ref adding_functions
   template<typename T, typename Q>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T t, const Q &q)
+    Proxy_Function fun(T &&t, const Q &q)
     {
-      return fun(bind_first(t, q));
+      return fun(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), q));
     }
 
+  /// \brief Creates a new Proxy_Function object from a free function or member function and binds the first and second parameters of it
+  /// \param[in] t Function / member to expose
+  /// \param[in] q Value to bind to first parameter
+  /// \param[in] r Value to bind to second parameter
+  ///
+  /// \b Example:
+  /// \code
+  /// struct MyClass
+  /// {
+  ///   void memberfunction(int);
+  /// };
+  /// 
+  /// MyClass obj;
+  /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  /// // Add function taking only no arguments, and permanently bound to "obj" and "1"
+  /// // memberfunction() will be equivalent to obj.memberfunction(1)
+  /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberfunction, std::ref(obj), 1), "memberfunction"); 
+  /// \endcode
+  /// 
+  /// \sa \ref adding_functions
   template<typename T, typename Q, typename R>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T t, const Q &q, const R &r)
+    Proxy_Function fun(T &&t, Q &&q, R &&r)
     {
-      return fun(bind_first(bind_first(t, q), r));
+      return fun(detail::bind_first(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), std::forward<Q>(q)), std::forward<R>(r)));
     }
 
 }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,599 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_CAST_CONVERSION_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_CAST_CONVERSION_HPP_
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <memory>
+#include <set>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <typeinfo>
+
+#include "../chaiscript_threading.hpp"
+#include "bad_boxed_cast.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast_helper.hpp"
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "type_info.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  namespace exception
+  {
+    class bad_boxed_dynamic_cast : public bad_boxed_cast
+    {
+      public:
+        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to,
+            const std::string &t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          : bad_boxed_cast(t_from, t_to, t_what)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          : bad_boxed_cast(t_from, t_to)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const std::string &w) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          : bad_boxed_cast(w)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const bad_boxed_dynamic_cast &) = default;
+
+        virtual ~bad_boxed_dynamic_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+    };
+
+    class bad_boxed_type_cast : public bad_boxed_cast
+    {
+      public:
+        bad_boxed_type_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to,
+            const std::string &t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          : bad_boxed_cast(t_from, t_to, t_what)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_type_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          : bad_boxed_cast(t_from, t_to)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_type_cast(const std::string &w) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          : bad_boxed_cast(w)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bad_boxed_type_cast(const bad_boxed_type_cast &) = default;
+
+        virtual ~bad_boxed_type_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+    };
+  }
+
+
+  namespace detail
+  {
+    class Type_Conversion_Base
+    {
+      public:
+        virtual Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &from) const = 0;
+        virtual Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &to) const = 0;
+
+        const Type_Info &to() const
+        {
+          return m_to;
+        }
+        const Type_Info &from() const
+        {
+          return m_from;
+        }
+
+        virtual bool bidir() const
+        {
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        virtual ~Type_Conversion_Base() {}
+
+      protected:
+        Type_Conversion_Base(const Type_Info &t_to, const Type_Info &t_from)
+          : m_to(t_to), m_from(t_from)
+        {
+        }
+
+
+      private:
+        Type_Info m_to;
+        Type_Info m_from;
+
+    };
+
+    template<typename From, typename To> 
+      class Static_Caster
+      {
+        public: 
+          static Boxed_Value cast(const Boxed_Value &t_from)
+          {
+            if (t_from.get_type_info().bare_equal(chaiscript::user_type<From>()))
+            {
+              if (t_from.is_pointer())
+              {
+                // Dynamic cast out the contained boxed value, which we know is the type we want
+                if (t_from.is_const())
+                {
+                  return Boxed_Value(
+                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<const To>{
+                        if (auto data = std::static_pointer_cast<const To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<const From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
+                        {
+                          return data;
+                        } else {
+                          throw std::bad_cast();
+                        }
+                      }()
+                      );
+                } else {
+                  return Boxed_Value(
+                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<To>{
+                        if (auto data = std::static_pointer_cast<To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
+                        {
+                          return data;
+                        } else {
+                          throw std::bad_cast();
+                        }
+                      }()
+                      );
+                }
+              } else {
+                // Pull the reference out of the contained boxed value, which we know is the type we want
+                if (t_from.is_const())
+                {
+                  const From &d = detail::Cast_Helper<const From &>::cast(t_from, nullptr);
+                  const To &data = static_cast<const To &>(d);
+                  return Boxed_Value(std::cref(data));
+                } else {
+                  From &d = detail::Cast_Helper<From &>::cast(t_from, nullptr);
+                  To &data = static_cast<To &>(d);
+                  return Boxed_Value(std::ref(data));
+                }
+              }
+            } else {
+              throw chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(t_from.get_type_info(), typeid(To), "Unknown dynamic_cast_conversion");
+            }
+          }
+ 
+      };
+
+
+    template<typename From, typename To> 
+      class Dynamic_Caster
+      {
+        public: 
+          static Boxed_Value cast(const Boxed_Value &t_from)
+          {
+            if (t_from.get_type_info().bare_equal(chaiscript::user_type<From>()))
+            {
+              if (t_from.is_pointer())
+              {
+                // Dynamic cast out the contained boxed value, which we know is the type we want
+                if (t_from.is_const())
+                {
+                  return Boxed_Value(
+                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<const To>{
+                        if (auto data = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<const From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
+                        {
+                          return data;
+                        } else {
+                          throw std::bad_cast();
+                        }
+                      }()
+                      );
+                } else {
+                  return Boxed_Value(
+                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<To>{
+                        if (auto data = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
+                        {
+                          return data;
+                        } else {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP
+                          /// \todo fix this someday after libc++ is fixed.
+                          if (std::string(typeid(To).name()).find("Assignable_Proxy_Function") != std::string::npos) {
+                            auto from = detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr);
+                            if (std::string(typeid(*from).name()).find("Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl") != std::string::npos) {
+                              return std::static_pointer_cast<To>(from);
+                            }
+                          }
+#endif
+                          throw std::bad_cast();
+                        }
+                      }()
+                      );
+                }
+              } else {
+                // Pull the reference out of the contained boxed value, which we know is the type we want
+                if (t_from.is_const())
+                {
+                  const From &d = detail::Cast_Helper<const From &>::cast(t_from, nullptr);
+                  const To &data = dynamic_cast<const To &>(d);
+                  return Boxed_Value(std::cref(data));
+                } else {
+                  From &d = detail::Cast_Helper<From &>::cast(t_from, nullptr);
+                  To &data = dynamic_cast<To &>(d);
+                  return Boxed_Value(std::ref(data));
+                }
+              }
+            } else {
+              throw chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(t_from.get_type_info(), typeid(To), "Unknown dynamic_cast_conversion");
+            }
+          }
+ 
+      };
+
+
+    template<typename Base, typename Derived>
+      class Dynamic_Conversion_Impl : public Type_Conversion_Base
+    {
+      public:
+        Dynamic_Conversion_Impl()
+          : Type_Conversion_Base(chaiscript::user_type<Base>(), chaiscript::user_type<Derived>())
+        {
+        }
+
+        virtual Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &t_base) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return Dynamic_Caster<Base, Derived>::cast(t_base);
+        }
+
+        virtual Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_derived) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return Static_Caster<Derived, Base>::cast(t_derived);
+        }
+    };
+
+    template<typename Base, typename Derived>
+      class Static_Conversion_Impl : public Type_Conversion_Base
+    {
+      public:
+        Static_Conversion_Impl()
+          : Type_Conversion_Base(chaiscript::user_type<Base>(), chaiscript::user_type<Derived>())
+        {
+        }
+
+        virtual Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &t_base) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          throw chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(t_base.get_type_info(), typeid(Derived), "Unable to cast down inheritance hierarchy with non-polymorphic types");
+        }
+
+        virtual bool bidir() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return false;
+        }
+
+        virtual Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_derived) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return Static_Caster<Derived, Base>::cast(t_derived);
+        }
+    };
+
+
+
+    template<typename Callable>
+    class Type_Conversion_Impl : public Type_Conversion_Base
+    {
+      public:
+        Type_Conversion_Impl(Type_Info t_from, Type_Info t_to, Callable t_func)
+          : Type_Conversion_Base(std::move(t_to), std::move(t_from)),
+            m_func(std::move(t_func))
+        {
+        }
+
+        virtual Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          throw chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_type_cast("No conversion exists");
+        }
+
+        virtual Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_from) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          /// \todo better handling of errors from the conversion function
+          return m_func(t_from);
+        }
+
+        virtual bool bidir() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return false;
+        }
+
+
+      private:
+        Callable m_func;
+    };
+
+  }
+
+  class Type_Conversions
+  {
+    public:
+      struct Less_Than
+      {
+        bool operator()(const std::type_info *t_lhs, const std::type_info *t_rhs) const
+        {
+          return *t_lhs != *t_rhs && t_lhs->before(*t_rhs);
+        }
+      };
+
+      Type_Conversions()
+        : m_mutex(),
+          m_conversions(),
+          m_convertableTypes(),
+          m_num_types(0),
+          m_thread_cache(this),
+          m_conversion_saves(this)
+      {
+      }
+
+      Type_Conversions(const Type_Conversions &t_other)
+        : m_mutex(),
+          m_conversions(t_other.get_conversions()),
+          m_convertableTypes(t_other.m_convertableTypes),
+          m_num_types(m_conversions.size()),
+          m_thread_cache(this),
+          m_conversion_saves(this)
+
+      {
+      }
+
+      const std::set<const std::type_info *, Less_Than> &thread_cache() const
+      {
+        auto &cache = *m_thread_cache;
+        if (cache.size() != m_num_types)
+        {
+          chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
+          cache = m_convertableTypes;
+        }
+
+        return cache;
+      }
+
+      void add_conversion(const std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base> &conversion)
+      {
+        chaiscript::detail::threading::unique_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
+        /// \todo error if a conversion already exists
+        m_conversions.insert(conversion);
+        m_convertableTypes.insert({conversion->to().bare_type_info(), conversion->from().bare_type_info()});
+        m_num_types = m_convertableTypes.size();
+      }
+
+      template<typename T>
+        bool convertable_type() const
+        {
+          return thread_cache().count(user_type<T>().bare_type_info()) != 0;
+        }
+
+      template<typename To, typename From>
+        bool converts() const
+        {
+          return converts(user_type<To>(), user_type<From>());
+        }
+
+      bool converts(const Type_Info &to, const Type_Info &from) const
+      {
+        const auto &types = thread_cache();
+        if (types.count(to.bare_type_info()) != 0 && types.count(from.bare_type_info()) != 0)
+        {
+          return has_conversion(to, from);
+        } else {
+          return false;
+        }
+
+      }
+
+      template<typename To>
+        Boxed_Value boxed_type_conversion(const Boxed_Value &from) const
+        {
+          try {
+            Boxed_Value ret = get_conversion(user_type<To>(), from.get_type_info())->convert(from);
+            if (m_conversion_saves->enabled) m_conversion_saves->saves.push_back(ret);
+            return ret;
+          } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
+            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(from.get_type_info(), typeid(To), "No known conversion");
+          } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
+            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(from.get_type_info(), typeid(To), "Unable to perform dynamic_cast operation");
+          }
+        }
+
+      template<typename From>
+        Boxed_Value boxed_type_down_conversion(const Boxed_Value &to) const
+        {
+          try {
+            Boxed_Value ret = get_conversion(to.get_type_info(), user_type<From>())->convert_down(to);
+            if (m_conversion_saves->enabled) m_conversion_saves->saves.push_back(ret);
+            return ret;
+          } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
+            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(to.get_type_info(), typeid(From), "No known conversion");
+          } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
+            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(to.get_type_info(), typeid(From), "Unable to perform dynamic_cast operation");
+          }
+        }
+
+      void enable_conversion_saves(bool t_val) 
+      {
+        m_conversion_saves->enabled = t_val;
+      }
+
+      std::vector<Boxed_Value> take_saves()
+      {
+        std::vector<Boxed_Value> ret;
+        std::swap(ret, m_conversion_saves->saves);
+        return ret;
+      }
+
+      bool has_conversion(const Type_Info &to, const Type_Info &from) const
+      {
+        chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
+        return find_bidir(to, from) != m_conversions.end();
+      }
+
+      std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base> get_conversion(const Type_Info &to, const Type_Info &from) const
+      {
+        chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
+
+        auto itr = find(to, from);
+
+        if (itr != m_conversions.end())
+        {
+          return *itr;
+        } else {
+          throw std::out_of_range("No such conversion exists from " + from.bare_name() + " to " + to.bare_name());
+        }
+      }
+
+    private:
+      std::set<std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base> >::const_iterator find_bidir(
+          const Type_Info &to, const Type_Info &from) const
+      {
+        return std::find_if(m_conversions.begin(), m_conversions.end(),
+              [&to, &from](const std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base> &conversion) -> bool
+              {
+                return  (conversion->to().bare_equal(to) && conversion->from().bare_equal(from))
+                     || (conversion->bidir() && conversion->from().bare_equal(to) && conversion->to().bare_equal(from));
+;
+              }
+        );
+      }
+
+      std::set<std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base> >::const_iterator find(
+          const Type_Info &to, const Type_Info &from) const
+      {
+        return std::find_if(m_conversions.begin(), m_conversions.end(),
+              [&to, &from](const std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base> &conversion)
+              {
+                return conversion->to().bare_equal(to) && conversion->from().bare_equal(from);
+              }
+        );
+      }
+
+      std::set<std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base>> get_conversions() const
+      {
+        chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
+
+        return m_conversions;
+      }
+
+
+      struct Conversion_Saves
+      {
+        Conversion_Saves()
+          : enabled(false)
+        {}
+
+        bool enabled;
+        std::vector<Boxed_Value> saves;
+      };
+
+      mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex m_mutex;
+      std::set<std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base>> m_conversions;
+      std::set<const std::type_info *, Less_Than> m_convertableTypes;
+      std::atomic_size_t m_num_types;
+      mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<std::set<const std::type_info *, Less_Than>> m_thread_cache;
+      mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<Conversion_Saves> m_conversion_saves;
+  };
+
+  typedef std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::detail::Type_Conversion_Base> Type_Conversion;
+
+  /// \brief Used to register a to / parent class relationship with ChaiScript. Necessary if you
+  ///        want automatic conversions up your inheritance hierarchy.
+  ///
+  /// Create a new to class registration for applying to a module or to the ChaiScript engine
+  /// Currently, due to limitations in module loading on Windows, and for the sake of portability,
+  /// if you have a type that is introduced in a loadable module and is used by multiple modules
+  /// (through a tertiary dll that is shared between the modules, static linking the new type
+  /// into both loadable modules would not be portable), you need to register the type
+  /// relationship in all modules that use the newly added type in a polymorphic way.
+  ///
+  /// Example:
+  /// \code
+  /// class Base
+  /// {};
+  /// class Derived : public Base
+  /// {};
+  ///
+  /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  /// chai.add(chaiscript::to_class<Base, Derived>());
+  /// \endcode
+  /// 
+  template<typename Base, typename Derived>
+  Type_Conversion base_class(typename std::enable_if<std::is_polymorphic<Base>::value && std::is_polymorphic<Derived>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+  {
+    //Can only be used with related polymorphic types
+    //may be expanded some day to support conversions other than child -> parent
+    static_assert(std::is_base_of<Base,Derived>::value, "Classes are not related by inheritance");
+
+    return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Dynamic_Conversion_Impl<Base, Derived>>();
+  }
+
+  template<typename Base, typename Derived>
+  Type_Conversion base_class(typename std::enable_if<!std::is_polymorphic<Base>::value || !std::is_polymorphic<Derived>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+  {
+    //Can only be used with related polymorphic types
+    //may be expanded some day to support conversions other than child -> parent
+    static_assert(std::is_base_of<Base,Derived>::value, "Classes are not related by inheritance");
+
+    return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Static_Conversion_Impl<Base, Derived>>();
+  }
+
+
+  template<typename Callable>
+    Type_Conversion type_conversion(const Type_Info &t_from, const Type_Info &t_to, 
+        const Callable &t_func)
+    {
+      return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<Callable>>(t_from, t_to, t_func);
+    }
+
+  template<typename From, typename To, typename Callable>
+    Type_Conversion type_conversion(const Callable &t_function)
+    {
+      auto func = [t_function](const Boxed_Value &t_bv) -> Boxed_Value {
+            // not even attempting to call boxed_cast so that we don't get caught in some call recursion
+            return chaiscript::Boxed_Value(t_function(detail::Cast_Helper<const From &>::cast(t_bv, nullptr)));
+          };
+
+      return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<From>(), user_type<To>(), func);
+    }
+
+  template<typename From, typename To>
+    Type_Conversion type_conversion()
+    {
+      static_assert(std::is_convertible<From, To>::value, "Types are not automatically convertible");
+      auto func = [](const Boxed_Value &t_bv) -> Boxed_Value {
+            // not even attempting to call boxed_cast so that we don't get caught in some call recursion
+            return chaiscript::Boxed_Value(To(detail::Cast_Helper<From>::cast(t_bv, nullptr)));
+          };
+
+      return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<From>(), user_type<To>(), func);
+    }
+
+  template<typename To>
+    Type_Conversion vector_conversion()
+    {
+      auto func = [](const Boxed_Value &t_bv) -> Boxed_Value {
+        const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &from_vec = detail::Cast_Helper<const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &>::cast(t_bv, nullptr);
+
+        To vec;
+
+        for (const Boxed_Value &bv : from_vec) {
+          vec.push_back(detail::Cast_Helper<typename To::value_type>::cast(bv, nullptr));
+        }
+
+        return Boxed_Value(std::move(vec));
+      };
+
+      return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<std::vector<Boxed_Value>>(), user_type<To>(), func);
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp

@@ -1,93 +1,94 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#ifndef __type_info_hpp__
-#define __type_info_hpp__
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
 
-#include <boost/type_traits/is_const.hpp>
-#include <boost/type_traits/is_void.hpp>
-#include <boost/type_traits/is_reference.hpp>
-#include <boost/type_traits/is_pointer.hpp>
-#include <boost/type_traits/remove_const.hpp>
-#include <boost/type_traits/remove_reference.hpp>
-#include <boost/type_traits/remove_pointer.hpp>
-#include <boost/ref.hpp>
+#include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
-  /**
-   * compile time deduced information about a type
-   */
+
+  namespace detail
+  {
+    template<typename T>
+      struct Bare_Type
+      {
+        typedef typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_pointer<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::type type;
+      };
+  }
+
+
+  /// \brief Compile time deduced information about a type
   class Type_Info
   {
     public:
-      Type_Info(bool t_is_const, bool t_is_reference, bool t_is_pointer, bool t_is_void, 
-          const std::type_info *t_ti, const std::type_info *t_bareti)
-        : m_is_const(t_is_const), m_is_reference(t_is_reference), m_is_pointer(t_is_pointer),
-        m_is_void(t_is_void),
-        m_type_info(t_ti), m_bare_type_info(t_bareti),
-        m_is_undef(false)
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR Type_Info(bool t_is_const, bool t_is_reference, bool t_is_pointer, bool t_is_void, 
+          bool t_is_arithmetic, const std::type_info *t_ti, const std::type_info *t_bare_ti)
+        : m_type_info(t_ti), m_bare_type_info(t_bare_ti),
+          m_flags((t_is_const << is_const_flag)
+                + (t_is_reference << is_reference_flag)
+                + (t_is_pointer << is_pointer_flag)
+                + (t_is_void << is_void_flag)
+                + (t_is_arithmetic << is_arithmetic_flag))
       {
       }
 
-      Type_Info()
-        : m_is_const(false), m_is_reference(false), m_is_pointer(false),
-        m_is_void(false), m_type_info(0), m_bare_type_info(0),
-        m_is_undef(true)
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR Type_Info()
+        : m_type_info(nullptr), m_bare_type_info(nullptr),
+          m_flags(1 << is_undef_flag)
       {
       }
 
-      Type_Info(const Type_Info &ti)
-        : m_is_const(ti.m_is_const), m_is_reference(ti.m_is_reference), 
-        m_is_pointer(ti.m_is_pointer),
-        m_is_void(ti.m_is_void), m_type_info(ti.m_type_info), 
-        m_bare_type_info(ti.m_bare_type_info),
-        m_is_undef(ti.m_is_undef)
-      {
-      }
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER != 1800
+      Type_Info(Type_Info&&) = default;
+      Type_Info& operator=(Type_Info&&) = default;
+#endif
 
-      Type_Info &operator=(const Type_Info &ti)
-      {
-        m_is_const = ti.m_is_const;
-        m_is_reference = ti.m_is_reference;
-        m_is_pointer = ti.m_is_pointer;
-        m_is_void = ti.m_is_void;
-        m_type_info = ti.m_type_info;
-        m_bare_type_info = ti.m_bare_type_info;
-        m_is_undef = ti.m_is_undef;
-        return *this;
-      }
+      Type_Info(const Type_Info&) = default;
+      Type_Info& operator=(const Type_Info&) = default;
 
-      bool operator<(const Type_Info &ti) const
+
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
       {
         return m_type_info < ti.m_type_info;
       }
 
-      bool operator==(const Type_Info &ti) const
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
       {
         return ti.m_type_info == m_type_info
           || (ti.m_type_info && m_type_info && *ti.m_type_info == *m_type_info);
       }
 
-      bool operator==(const std::type_info &ti) const
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(const std::type_info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
       {
-        return m_type_info != 0 && (*m_type_info) == ti;
+        return m_type_info != nullptr && (*m_type_info) == ti;
       }
 
-      bool bare_equal(const Type_Info &ti) const
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool bare_equal(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
       {
         return ti.m_bare_type_info == m_bare_type_info 
           || (ti.m_bare_type_info && m_bare_type_info && *ti.m_bare_type_info == *m_bare_type_info);
       }
 
-      bool is_const() const { return m_is_const; }
-      bool is_reference() const { return m_is_reference; }
-      bool is_void() const { return m_is_void; }
-      bool is_undef() const { return m_is_undef || m_bare_type_info == 0; }
-      bool is_pointer() const { return m_is_pointer; }
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool bare_equal_type_info(const std::type_info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      {
+        return m_bare_type_info != nullptr 
+          && (*m_bare_type_info) == ti;
+      }
+
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_const() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_flags & (1 << is_const_flag); }
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_reference() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_flags & (1 << is_reference_flag); }
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_void() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_flags & (1 << is_void_flag); }
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_arithmetic() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_flags & (1 << is_arithmetic_flag); }
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_undef() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_flags & (1 << is_undef_flag); }
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_pointer() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_flags & (1 << is_pointer_flag); }
 
       std::string name() const
       {
@@ -109,77 +110,129 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
       }
 
+      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR const std::type_info *bare_type_info() const
+      {
+        return m_bare_type_info;
+      }
+
     private:
-      bool m_is_const;
-      bool m_is_reference;
-      bool m_is_pointer;
-      bool m_is_void;
       const std::type_info *m_type_info;
       const std::type_info *m_bare_type_info;
-      bool m_is_undef;
+      unsigned int m_flags;
+      static const int is_const_flag = 0;
+      static const int is_reference_flag = 1;
+      static const int is_pointer_flag = 2;
+      static const int is_void_flag = 3;
+      static const int is_arithmetic_flag = 4;
+      static const int is_undef_flag = 5;
   };
 
   namespace detail
   {
-    /**
-     * Helper used to create a Type_Info object
-     */
+    /// Helper used to create a Type_Info object
     template<typename T>
       struct Get_Type_Info
       {
+        typedef T type;
+
         static Type_Info get()
         {
-          return Type_Info(boost::is_const<T>::value, boost::is_reference<T>::value, boost::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              boost::is_void<T>::value,
+          return Type_Info(std::is_const<typename std::remove_pointer<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::value, 
+              std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
+              std::is_void<T>::value,
+              (std::is_arithmetic<T>::value || std::is_arithmetic<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::value)
+                && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
               &typeid(T),
-              &typeid(typename boost::remove_const<typename boost::remove_pointer<typename boost::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::type));
+              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
         }
       };
 
     template<typename T>
-      struct Get_Type_Info<boost::shared_ptr<T> >
+      struct Get_Type_Info<std::shared_ptr<T> >
       {
+        typedef T type;
+
         static Type_Info get()
         {
-          return Type_Info(boost::is_const<T>::value, boost::is_reference<T>::value, boost::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              boost::is_void<T>::value,
-              &typeid(boost::shared_ptr<T> ), 
-              &typeid(typename boost::remove_const<typename boost::remove_pointer<typename boost::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::type));
+          return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value, std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
+              std::is_void<T>::value,
+              std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+              &typeid(std::shared_ptr<T> ), 
+              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
         }
       };
 
     template<typename T>
-      struct Get_Type_Info<const boost::shared_ptr<T> &>
+      struct Get_Type_Info<const std::shared_ptr<T> &>
       {
+        typedef T type;
+
         static Type_Info get()
         {
-          return Type_Info(boost::is_const<T>::value, boost::is_reference<T>::value, boost::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              boost::is_void<T>::value,
-              &typeid(const boost::shared_ptr<T> &), 
-              &typeid(typename boost::remove_const<typename boost::remove_pointer<typename boost::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::type));
+          return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value, std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
+              std::is_void<T>::value,
+              std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+              &typeid(const std::shared_ptr<T> &), 
+              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
         }
       };
 
     template<typename T>
-      struct Get_Type_Info<boost::reference_wrapper<T> >
+      struct Get_Type_Info<std::reference_wrapper<T> >
       {
+        typedef T type;
+
         static Type_Info get()
         {
-          return Type_Info(boost::is_const<T>::value, boost::is_reference<T>::value, boost::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              boost::is_void<T>::value,
-              &typeid(boost::reference_wrapper<T> ), 
-              &typeid(typename boost::remove_const<typename boost::remove_pointer<typename boost::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::type));
+          return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value, std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
+              std::is_void<T>::value,
+              std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+              &typeid(std::reference_wrapper<T> ), 
+              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
         }
       };
-  }
 
     template<typename T>
-  Type_Info user_type(T)
+      struct Get_Type_Info<const std::reference_wrapper<T> &>
+      {
+        typedef T type;
+
+        static Type_Info get()
+        {
+          return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value, std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
+              std::is_void<T>::value,
+              std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+              &typeid(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &), 
+              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
+        }
+      };
+
+  }
+
+  /// \brief Creates a Type_Info object representing the type passed in
+  /// \tparam T Type of object to get a Type_Info for, derived from the passed in parameter
+  /// \return Type_Info for T
+  /// 
+  /// \b Example:
+  /// \code
+  /// int i;
+  /// chaiscript::Type_Info ti = chaiscript::user_type(i);
+  /// \endcode
+  template<typename T>
+   Type_Info user_type(const T &/*t*/)
   {
     return detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get();
   }
 
 
+  /// \brief Creates a Type_Info object representing the templated type
+  /// \tparam T Type of object to get a Type_Info for
+  /// \return Type_Info for T
+  /// 
+  /// \b Example:
+  /// \code
+  /// chaiscript::Type_Info ti = chaiscript::user_type<int>();
+  /// \endcode
   template<typename T>
    Type_Info user_type()
   {

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP_
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+
+  struct Operators {
+    enum Opers
+    {
+      boolean_flag,
+      equals, less_than, greater_than, less_than_equal, greater_than_equal, not_equal, 
+      non_const_flag, 
+      assign, pre_increment, pre_decrement, assign_product, assign_sum,
+      assign_quotient, assign_difference,
+      non_const_int_flag,
+      assign_bitwise_and, assign_bitwise_or, assign_shift_left, assign_shift_right,
+      assign_remainder, assign_bitwise_xor,
+      const_int_flag,
+      shift_left, shift_right, remainder, bitwise_and, bitwise_or, bitwise_xor, bitwise_complement,
+      const_flag,
+      sum, quotient, product, difference, unary_plus, unary_minus, 
+      invalid
+    };
+
+    static const char *to_string(Opers t_oper) {
+      const char *opers[] = { 
+        "",
+        "==", "<", ">", "<=", ">=", "!=",
+        "",
+        "=", "++", "--", "*=", "+=",
+        "/=", "-=",
+        "",
+        "&=", "|=", "<<=", ">>=",
+        "%=", "^=",
+        "", 
+        "<<", ">>", "%", "&", "|", "^", "~",
+        "",
+        "+", "/", "*", "-", "+", "-",
+        ""
+      };
+      return opers[t_oper];
+    }
+
+    static Opers to_operator(const std::string &t_str, bool t_is_unary = false)
+    {
+      if (t_str == "==")
+      {
+        return equals;
+      } else if (t_str == "<") {
+        return less_than;
+      } else if (t_str == ">") {
+        return greater_than;
+      } else if (t_str == "<=") {
+        return less_than_equal; 
+      } else if (t_str == ">=") {
+        return greater_than_equal;
+      } else if (t_str == "!=") {
+        return not_equal;
+      } else if (t_str == "=") {
+        return assign;
+      } else if (t_str == "++") {
+        return pre_increment;
+      } else if (t_str == "--") {
+        return pre_decrement;
+      } else if (t_str == "*=") {
+        return assign_product;
+      } else if (t_str == "+=") {
+        return assign_sum;
+      } else if (t_str == "-=") {
+        return assign_difference;
+      } else if (t_str == "&=") {
+        return assign_bitwise_and;
+      } else if (t_str == "|=") {
+        return assign_bitwise_or;
+      } else if (t_str == "<<=") {
+        return assign_shift_left;
+      } else if (t_str == ">>=") {
+        return assign_shift_right;
+      } else if (t_str == "%=") {
+        return assign_remainder;
+      } else if (t_str == "^=") {
+        return assign_bitwise_xor;
+      } else if (t_str == "<<") {
+        return shift_left;
+      } else if (t_str == ">>") {
+        return shift_right;
+      } else if (t_str == "%") {
+        return remainder;
+      } else if (t_str == "&") { 
+        return bitwise_and;
+      } else if (t_str == "|") {
+        return bitwise_or;
+      } else if (t_str == "^") {
+        return bitwise_xor;
+      } else if (t_str == "~") {
+        return bitwise_complement;
+      } else if (t_str == "+") {
+        if (t_is_unary) {
+          return unary_plus;
+        } else {
+          return sum;
+        }
+      } else if (t_str == "-") {
+        if (t_is_unary) {
+          return unary_minus;
+        } else {
+          return difference;
+        }
+      } else if (t_str == "/") {
+        return quotient;
+      } else if (t_str == "*") {
+        return product;
+      } else {
+        return invalid;
+      } 
+    }
+
+  };
+}
+
+#endif /* _CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP */
+

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp

@@ -1,136 +1,633 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#ifndef _CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP
-#define	_CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP_
 
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
-#ifdef  BOOST_HAS_DECLSPEC
-#define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" __declspec(dllexport)
-#else
-#define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C"
-#endif
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/type_info.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+struct AST_Node;
+}  // namespace chaiscript
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+
+  /// Signature of module entry point that all binary loadable modules must implement.
   typedef ModulePtr (*Create_Module_Func)();
 
-    /**
-     * Types of AST nodes available to the parser and eval
-     */
-    class Token_Type { public: enum Type { Error, Int, Float, Id, Char, Str, Eol, Fun_Call, Inplace_Fun_Call, Arg_List, Variable, Equation, Var_Decl,
-        Comparison, Additive, Multiplicative, Array_Call, Dot_Access, Quoted_String, Single_Quoted_String,
-        Lambda, Block, Def, While, If, For, Inline_Array, Inline_Map, Return, File, Prefix, Break, Map_Pair, Value_Range,
+
+  /// Types of AST nodes available to the parser and eval
+  class AST_Node_Type {
+  public:
+    enum Type { Error, Int, Float, Id, Char, Str, Eol, Fun_Call, Arg_List, Variable, Equation, Var_Decl,
+                Comparison, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division, Modulus, Array_Call, Dot_Access, Quoted_String, Single_Quoted_String,
+                Lambda, Block, Def, While, If, For, Inline_Array, Inline_Map, Return, File, Prefix, Break, Continue, Map_Pair, Value_Range,
                 Inline_Range, Annotation, Try, Catch, Finally, Method, Attr_Decl, Shift, Equality, Bitwise_And, Bitwise_Xor, Bitwise_Or, 
-        Logical_And, Logical_Or}; };
+                Logical_And, Logical_Or, Reference, Switch, Case, Default, Ternary_Cond, Noop, Class, Binary, Arg, Global_Decl
+    };
+  };
 
   namespace
   {
-      /**
-       * Helper lookup to get the name of each node type
-       */
-      const char *token_type_to_string(int tokentype) {
-        const char *token_types[] = { "Internal Parser Error", "Int", "Float", "Id", "Char", "Str", "Eol", "Fun_Call", "Inplace_Fun_Call", "Arg_List", "Variable", "Equation", "Var_Decl",
-          "Comparison", "Additive", "Multiplicative", "Array_Call", "Dot_Access", "Quoted_String", "Single_Quoted_String",
-          "Lambda", "Block", "Def", "While", "If", "For", "Inline_Array", "Inline_Map", "Return", "File", "Prefix", "Break", "Map_Pair", "Value_Range",
+
+    /// Helper lookup to get the name of each node type
+    const char *ast_node_type_to_string(int ast_node_type) {
+      const char *ast_node_types[] = { "Internal Parser Error", "Int", "Float", "Id", "Char", "Str", "Eol", "Fun_Call", "Arg_List", "Variable", "Equation", "Var_Decl",
+                                    "Comparison", "Addition", "Subtraction", "Multiplication", "Division", "Modulus", "Array_Call", "Dot_Access", "Quoted_String", "Single_Quoted_String",
+                                    "Lambda", "Block", "Def", "While", "If", "For", "Inline_Array", "Inline_Map", "Return", "File", "Prefix", "Break", "Continue", "Map_Pair", "Value_Range",
                                     "Inline_Range", "Annotation", "Try", "Catch", "Finally", "Method", "Attr_Decl", "Shift", "Equality", "Bitwise_And", "Bitwise_Xor", "Bitwise_Or", 
-          "Logical_And", "Logical_Or"};
+                                    "Logical_And", "Logical_Or", "Reference", "Switch", "Case", "Default", "Ternary Condition", "Noop", "Class", "Binary", "Arg"};
 
-        return token_types[tokentype];
+      return ast_node_types[ast_node_type];
     }
   }
 
-    /**
-     * Convenience type for file positions
-     */
+  /// \brief Convenience type for file positions
   struct File_Position {
     int line;
     int column;
 
-        File_Position(int file_line, int file_column)
-            : line(file_line), column(file_column) { }
+    File_Position(int t_file_line, int t_file_column)
+      : line(t_file_line), column(t_file_column) { }
 
     File_Position() : line(0), column(0) { }
   };
 
-    typedef boost::shared_ptr<struct Token> TokenPtr;
-
-    /**
-     * The struct that doubles as both a parser token and an AST node
-     */
-    struct Token {
-        std::string text;
-        int identifier;
-        const char *filename;
-        File_Position start, end;
-        bool is_cached;
-        Boxed_Value cached_value;
-
-        std::vector<TokenPtr> children;
-        TokenPtr annotation;
-
-        Token(const std::string &token_text, int id, const char *fname) :
-            text(token_text), identifier(id), filename(fname), is_cached(false) { }
-
-        Token(const std::string &token_text, int id, const char *fname, int start_line, int start_col, int end_line, int end_col) :
-            text(token_text), identifier(id), filename(fname), is_cached(false) {
-
-            start.line = start_line;
-            start.column = start_col;
-            end.line = end_line;
-            end.column = end_col;
+  struct Parse_Location {
+    Parse_Location(std::string t_fname="", const int t_start_line=0, const int t_start_col=0,
+        const int t_end_line=0, const int t_end_col=0)
+      : start(t_start_line, t_start_col), 
+        end(t_end_line, t_end_col),
+        filename(std::make_shared<std::string>(std::move(t_fname)))
+    {
     }
+
+    Parse_Location(std::shared_ptr<std::string> t_fname, const int t_start_line=0, const int t_start_col=0,
+        const int t_end_line=0, const int t_end_col=0)
+      : start(t_start_line, t_start_col), 
+        end(t_end_line, t_end_col),
+        filename(std::move(t_fname))
+    {
+    }
+
+
+
+    File_Position start;
+    File_Position end;
+    std::shared_ptr<std::string> filename;
   };
 
-    /**
-     * Errors generated during parsing or evaluation
-     */
-    struct Eval_Error : public std::runtime_error {
+
+  /// \brief Typedef for pointers to AST_Node objects. Used in building of the AST_Node tree
+  typedef std::shared_ptr<AST_Node> AST_NodePtr;
+  typedef std::shared_ptr<const AST_Node> AST_NodePtr_Const;
+
+
+  /// \brief Classes which may be thrown during error cases when ChaiScript is executing.
+  namespace exception
+  {
+
+    /// Errors generated during parsing or evaluation
+    struct eval_error : std::runtime_error {
       std::string reason;
       File_Position start_position;
-        File_Position end_position;
-        const char *filename;
+      std::string filename;
+      std::string detail;
+      std::vector<AST_NodePtr_Const> call_stack;
 
-        Eval_Error(const std::string &why, const File_Position &where, const char *fname) :
-            std::runtime_error("Error: \"" + why + "\" " +
-                (std::string(fname) != "__EVAL__" ? ("in '" + std::string(fname) + "' ") : "during evaluation ") +
-                + "at (" + boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(where.line) + ", " +
-                boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(where.column) + ")"),
-            reason(why), start_position(where), end_position(where), filename(fname)
-        { }
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname,
+          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
+          bool t_dot_notation,
+          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
+        std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss)),
+        reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname), detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss)) 
+      {}
 
-        Eval_Error(const std::string &why, const TokenPtr &where)
-            : std::runtime_error("Error: \"" + why + "\" " +
-                (std::string(where->filename) != "__EVAL__" ? ("in '" + std::string(where->filename) + "' ") : "during evaluation ") +
-                "at (" + boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(where->start.line) + ", " +
-                boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(where->start.column) + ")"),
-              reason(why), start_position(where->start), end_position(where->end), filename(where->filename) {
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, 
+           const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
+           bool t_dot_notation,
+           const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
+        std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss)),
+        reason(t_why), detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss))
+      {}
+
+
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
+        std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname)),
+        reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname)
+      {}
+
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        : std::runtime_error("Error: \"" + t_why + "\" "),
+        reason(t_why) 
+      {}
+
+      eval_error(const eval_error &) = default;
+
+      std::string pretty_print() const
+      {
+        std::ostringstream ss;
+
+        ss << what();
+        if (call_stack.size() > 0) {
+          ss << "during evaluation at (" << fname(call_stack[0]) << " " << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ")\n";
+          ss << '\n' << detail << '\n';
+          ss << "  " << fname(call_stack[0]) << " (" << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ") '" << pretty(call_stack[0]) << "'";
+          for (size_t j = 1; j < call_stack.size(); ++j) {
+            if (id(call_stack[j]) != chaiscript::AST_Node_Type::Block
+                && id(call_stack[j]) != chaiscript::AST_Node_Type::File)
+            {
+              ss << '\n';
+              ss << "  from " << fname(call_stack[j]) << " (" << startpos(call_stack[j]) << ") '" << pretty(call_stack[j]) << "'";
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        ss << '\n';
+        return ss.str();
       }
 
-        virtual ~Eval_Error() throw() {}
+      virtual ~eval_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+
+    private:
+
+      template<typename T>
+        static int id(const T& t)
+        {
+          return t->identifier;
+        }
+
+      template<typename T>
+        static std::string pretty(const T& t)
+        {
+          return t->pretty_print();
+        }
+
+      template<typename T>
+        static const std::string &fname(const T& t)
+        {
+          return t->filename();
+        }
+
+      template<typename T>
+        static std::string startpos(const T& t)
+        {
+          std::ostringstream oss;
+          oss << t->start().line << ", " << t->start().column;
+          return oss.str();
+        }
+
+      static std::string format_why(const std::string &t_why)
+      {
+        return "Error: \"" + t_why + "\"";
+      }
+
+      static std::string format_types(const Const_Proxy_Function &t_func,
+          bool t_dot_notation,
+          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
+      {
+        int arity = t_func->get_arity();
+        std::vector<Type_Info> types = t_func->get_param_types();
+
+        std::string retval;
+        if (arity == -1)
+        {
+          retval = "(...)";
+          if (t_dot_notation)
+          {
+            retval = "(Object)." + retval;
+          }
+        } else if (types.size() <= 1) {
+          retval = "()";
+        } else {
+          std::stringstream ss;
+          ss << "(";
+
+          std::string paramstr;
+
+          for (size_t index = 1;
+               index != types.size();
+               ++index)
+          {
+            paramstr += (types[index].is_const()?"const ":"");
+            paramstr += t_ss.get_type_name(types[index]);
+
+            if (index == 1 && t_dot_notation)
+            {
+              paramstr += ").(";
+              if (types.size() == 2)
+              {
+                paramstr += ", ";
+              }
+            } else {
+              paramstr += ", ";
+            }
+          }
+
+          ss << paramstr.substr(0, paramstr.size() - 2);
+
+          ss << ")";
+          retval = ss.str();
+        }
+
+
+        std::shared_ptr<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function> dynfun 
+          = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_func);
+
+        if (dynfun)
+        {
+          Proxy_Function f = dynfun->get_guard();
+
+          if (f)
+          {
+            auto dynfunguard = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(f);
+            if (dynfunguard)
+            {
+              retval += " : " + format_guard(dynfunguard->get_parse_tree());
+            }
+          }
+
+          retval += "\n          Defined at " + format_location(dynfun->get_parse_tree());        
+        }
+
+        return retval;
+      }
+
+      template<typename T>
+        static std::string format_guard(const T &t)
+        {
+          return t->pretty_print();
+        }
+
+      template<typename T>
+        static std::string format_location(const T &t)
+        {
+          if (t) {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << "(" << t->filename() << " " << t->start().line << ", " << t->start().column << ")"; 
+            return oss.str();
+          } else {
+            return "(internal)";
+          }
+
+        }
+
+      static std::string format_detail(const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
+          bool t_dot_notation,
+          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
+      {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        if (t_functions.size() == 1)
+        {
+          ss << "  Expected: " << format_types(t_functions[0], t_dot_notation, t_ss) << '\n';
+        } else {
+          ss << "  " << t_functions.size() << " overloads available:\n";
+
+          for (const auto & t_function : t_functions)
+          {
+            ss << "      " << format_types((t_function), t_dot_notation, t_ss) << '\n';
+          }
+
+        }
+
+        return ss.str();
+
+      }
+
+      static std::string format_parameters(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters,
+          bool t_dot_notation,
+          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
+      {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << "(";
+
+        if (!t_parameters.empty())
+        {
+          std::string paramstr;
+
+          for (auto itr = t_parameters.begin();
+               itr != t_parameters.end();
+               ++itr)
+          {
+            paramstr += (itr->is_const()?"const ":"");
+            paramstr += t_ss.type_name(*itr);
+
+            if (itr == t_parameters.begin() && t_dot_notation)
+            {
+              paramstr += ").(";
+              if (t_parameters.size() == 1)
+              {
+                paramstr += ", ";
+              }
+            } else {
+              paramstr += ", ";
+            }
+          }
+
+          ss << paramstr.substr(0, paramstr.size() - 2);
+        }
+        ss << ")";
+
+        return ss.str();
+      }
+
+      static std::string format_filename(const std::string &t_fname)
+      {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+
+        if (t_fname != "__EVAL__")
+        {
+          ss << "in '" << t_fname << "' ";
+        } else {
+          ss << "during evaluation ";
+        }
+
+        return ss.str();
+      }
+
+      static std::string format_location(const File_Position &t_where)
+      {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << "at (" << t_where.line << ", " << t_where.column << ")";
+        return ss.str();
+      }
+
+      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname,
+          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, bool t_dot_notation, const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
+      {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+
+        ss << format_why(t_why);
+        ss << " ";
+
+        ss << "With parameters: " << format_parameters(t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss);
+        ss << " ";
+
+        ss << format_filename(t_fname);
+        ss << " ";
+
+        ss << format_location(t_where);
+
+        return ss.str();
+      }
+
+      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why, 
+          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, 
+          bool t_dot_notation,
+          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
+      {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+
+        ss << format_why(t_why);
+        ss << " ";
+
+        ss << "With parameters: " << format_parameters(t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss);
+        ss << " ";
+
+        return ss.str();
+      }
+
+      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname)
+      {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+
+        ss << format_why(t_why);
+        ss << " ";
+
+        ss << format_filename(t_fname);
+        ss << " ";
+
+        ss << format_location(t_where);
+
+        return ss.str();
+      }
     };
 
-    /**
-     * Special type for returned values
-     */
+
+    /// Errors generated when loading a file
+    struct file_not_found_error : std::runtime_error {
+      file_not_found_error(const std::string &t_filename) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        : std::runtime_error("File Not Found: " + t_filename)
+      { }
+
+      file_not_found_error(const file_not_found_error &) = default;
+      virtual ~file_not_found_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+    };
+
+  }
+
+ 
+  /// \brief Struct that doubles as both a parser ast_node and an AST node.
+  struct AST_Node : std::enable_shared_from_this<AST_Node> {
+    public:
+      const int identifier; //< \todo shouldn't this be a strongly typed enum value?
+      const std::string text;
+      Parse_Location location;
+      std::vector<AST_NodePtr> children;
+      AST_NodePtr annotation;
+
+      const std::string &filename() const {
+        return *location.filename;
+      }
+
+      const File_Position &start() const {
+        return location.start;
+      }
+
+      const File_Position &end() const {
+        return location.end;
+      }
+
+      virtual std::string pretty_print() const
+      {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+
+        oss << text;
+
+        for (auto & elem : this->children) {
+          oss << elem->pretty_print();
+        }
+
+        return oss.str();
+      }
+
+
+      /// Prints the contents of an AST node, including its children, recursively
+      std::string to_string(const std::string &t_prepend = "") const {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+
+        oss << t_prepend << "(" << ast_node_type_to_string(this->identifier) << ") "
+            << this->text << " : " << this->location.start.line << ", " << this->location.start.column << '\n';
+
+        for (auto & elem : this->children) {
+          oss << elem->to_string(t_prepend + "  ");
+        }
+        return oss.str();
+      }
+
+      Boxed_Value eval(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_e) const
+      {
+        try {
+          return eval_internal(t_e);
+        } catch (exception::eval_error &ee) {
+          ee.call_stack.push_back(shared_from_this());
+          throw;
+        }
+      }
+
+      static bool get_bool_condition(const Boxed_Value &t_bv) {
+        try {
+          return boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv);
+        }
+        catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+          throw exception::eval_error("Condition not boolean");
+        }
+      }
+
+
+      void replace_child(const AST_NodePtr &t_child, const AST_NodePtr &t_new_child)
+      {
+        std::replace(children.begin(), children.end(), t_child, t_new_child);
+      }
+
+      virtual ~AST_Node() {}
+
+    protected:
+      AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, int t_id, Parse_Location t_loc, 
+               std::vector<AST_NodePtr> t_children = std::vector<AST_NodePtr>()) :
+        identifier(t_id), text(std::move(t_ast_node_text)),
+        location(std::move(t_loc)),
+        children(std::move(t_children))
+      {
+      }
+
+      virtual Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &) const
+      {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Undispatched ast_node (internal error)");
+      }
+
+    private:
+      // Copy and assignment explicitly unimplemented
+      AST_Node(const AST_Node &) = delete;
+      AST_Node& operator=(const AST_Node &) = delete;
+  };
+
+
+  namespace eval
+  {
+    namespace detail
+    {
+      /// Special type for returned values
       struct Return_Value {
         Boxed_Value retval;
-        TokenPtr location;
 
-        Return_Value(const Boxed_Value &return_value, const TokenPtr where) : retval(return_value), location(where) { }
+        Return_Value(Boxed_Value t_return_value) : retval(std::move(t_return_value)) { }
       };
 
-    /**
-     * Special type indicating a call to 'break'
-     */
+
+      /// Special type indicating a call to 'break'
       struct Break_Loop {
-        TokenPtr location;
-
-        Break_Loop(const TokenPtr where) : location(where) { }
+        Break_Loop() { }
       };
+
+
+      /// Special type indicating a call to 'continue'
+      struct Continue_Loop {
+        Continue_Loop() { }
+      };
+
+
+      /// Creates a new scope then pops it on destruction
+      struct Scope_Push_Pop
+      {
+        Scope_Push_Pop(const Scope_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+        Scope_Push_Pop& operator=(const Scope_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+
+        Scope_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+          : m_ds(t_ds)
+        {
+          m_ds.get()->new_scope(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        }
+
+        ~Scope_Push_Pop()
+        {
+          m_ds.get()->pop_scope(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        }
+
+
+        private:
+        std::reference_wrapper<const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State> m_ds;
+      };
+
+      /// Creates a new function call and pops it on destruction
+      struct Function_Push_Pop
+      {
+        Function_Push_Pop(const Function_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+        Function_Push_Pop& operator=(const Function_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+
+        Function_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+          : m_ds(t_ds)
+        {
+          m_ds.get()->new_function_call(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        }
+
+        ~Function_Push_Pop()
+        {
+          m_ds.get()->pop_function_call(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        }
+
+        void save_params(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params)
+        {
+          m_ds.get()->save_function_params(t_params);
+        }
+
+        void save_params(std::initializer_list<Boxed_Value> t_params)
+        {
+          m_ds.get()->save_function_params(std::move(t_params));
+        }
+
+
+        private:
+          std::reference_wrapper<const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State> m_ds;
+      };
+
+      /// Creates a new scope then pops it on destruction
+      struct Stack_Push_Pop
+      {
+        Stack_Push_Pop(const Stack_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+        Stack_Push_Pop& operator=(const Stack_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+
+        Stack_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+          : m_ds(t_ds)
+        {
+          m_ds.get()->new_stack(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        }
+
+        ~Stack_Push_Pop()
+        {
+          m_ds.get()->pop_stack(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        }
+
+
+        private:
+          std::reference_wrapper<const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State> m_ds;
+      };
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 #endif /* _CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP */

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// and Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+struct ChaiScript_Prelude { 
+  static std::string chaiscript_prelude() {  return R""(
+
+def lt(l, r) { 
+  if (call_exists(`<`, l, r)) { 
+    l < r 
+  } else { 
+    type_name(l) < type_name(r) 
+  } 
+}
+
+
+def gt(l, r) { 
+  if (call_exists(`>`, l, r)) { 
+    l > r 
+  } else { 
+    type_name(l) > type_name(r) 
+  } 
+}
+
+def eq(l, r) { 
+  if (call_exists(`==`, l, r)) { 
+    l == r 
+  } else { 
+    false 
+  } 
+}
+
+def new(x) { 
+  eval(type_name(x))(); 
+}
+
+def clone(double x) {
+  double(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+def clone(string x) {
+  string(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+def clone(vector x) {
+  vector(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+
+def clone(int x) {
+  int(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+def clone(x) : function_exists(type_name(x)) && call_exists(eval(type_name(x)), x)
+{
+  eval(type_name(x))(x).clone_var_attrs(x);
+}
+
+
+# to_string for Pair()
+def to_string(x) : call_exists(first, x) && call_exists(second, x) { 
+  "<" + x.first.to_string() + ", " + x.second.to_string() + ">"; 
+}
+
+# to_string for containers
+def to_string(x) : call_exists(range, x) && !x.is_type("string"){ 
+  "[" + x.join(", ") + "]"; 
+}
+
+# Prints to console with no carriage return
+def puts(x) { 
+  print_string(x.to_string()); 
+}
+
+# Prints to console with carriage return
+def print(x) { 
+  println_string(x.to_string()); 
+}
+
+# Returns the maximum value of two numbers
+def max(a, b) {
+  if (a>b) { 
+    a 
+  } else { 
+    b 
+  } 
+} 
+
+# Returns the minimum value of two numbers
+def min(a, b) 
+{ 
+  if (a<b) 
+  { 
+    a 
+  } else { 
+    b 
+  } 
+}
+
+
+# Returns true if the value is odd
+def odd(x)  { 
+  if (x % 2 == 1) 
+  { 
+    true 
+  } else { 
+    false 
+  } 
+}
+
+
+# Returns true if the value is even
+def even(x) 
+{ 
+  if (x % 2 == 0) 
+  { 
+    true 
+  } else { 
+    false 
+  } 
+} 
+
+
+# Inserts the third value at the position of the second value into the container of the first
+# while making a clone. 
+def insert_at(container, pos, x) 
+{ 
+  container.insert_ref_at(pos, clone(x)); 
+} 
+
+# Returns the reverse of the given container
+def reverse(container) {
+  auto retval := new(container); 
+  auto r := range(container); 
+  while (!r.empty()) { 
+    retval.push_back(r.back()); 
+    r.pop_back(); 
+  } 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+
+def range(r) : call_exists(range_internal, r)
+{
+  var ri := range_internal(r);
+  ri.get_var_attr("internal_obj") := r;
+  ri;
+}
+
+# Return a range from a range 
+def range(r) : call_exists(empty, r) && call_exists(pop_front, r) && call_exists(pop_back, r) && call_exists(back, r) && call_exists(front, r) 
+{
+  clone(r);
+}
+
+
+# The retro attribute that contains the underlying range 
+attr retro::m_range; 
+
+# Creates a retro from a retro by returning the original range
+def retro(r) : call_exists(get_type_name, r) && get_type_name(r) == "retro" 
+{ 
+  clone(r.m_range) 
+}
+
+
+# Creates a retro range from a range
+def retro::retro(r) : call_exists(empty, r) && call_exists(pop_front, r) && call_exists(pop_back, r) && call_exists(back, r) && call_exists(front, r) 
+{ 
+  this.m_range = r; 
+}
+
+# Returns the first value of a retro
+def retro::front()  
+{ 
+  back(this.m_range) 
+}
+
+# Returns the last value of a retro
+def retro::back()  
+{ 
+  front(this.m_range) 
+}
+
+# Moves the back iterator of a retro towards the front by one 
+def retro::pop_back()  
+{
+  pop_front(this.m_range) 
+}
+
+# Moves the front iterator of a retro towards the back by one 
+def retro::pop_front()  
+{ 
+  pop_back(this.m_range) 
+} 
+
+# returns true if the retro is out of elements 
+def retro::empty() 
+{ 
+  empty(this.m_range); 
+} 
+
+# Performs the second value function over the container first value
+def for_each(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  var t_range := range(container); 
+  while (!t_range.empty()) { 
+    func(t_range.front()); 
+    t_range.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+} 
+
+def back_inserter(container) {
+  bind(push_back, container, _);
+}
+
+def contains(container, item, compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto t_range := range(container); 
+  while (!t_range.empty()) { 
+    if ( compare_func(t_range.front(), item) ) { 
+      return true; 
+    } 
+
+    t_range.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+  false; 
+} 
+
+def contains(container, item) { 
+  contains(container, item, eq) 
+} 
+
+def map(container, func, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto range := range(container); 
+  while (!range.empty()) { 
+    inserter(func(range.front())); 
+    range.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+} 
+
+# Performs the second value function over the container first value. Creates a new container with the results
+def map(container, func) { 
+  auto retval := new(container); 
+  map(container, func, back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+# Performs the second value function over the container first value. Starts with initial and continues with each element.
+def foldl(container, func, initial) : call_exists(range, container){ 
+  auto retval = initial; 
+  auto range := range(container); 
+  while (!range.empty()) { 
+    retval = (func(range.front(), retval)); 
+    range.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+# Returns the sum of the elements of the given value
+def sum(container) { 
+  foldl(container, `+`, 0.0) 
+} 
+
+# Returns the product of the elements of the given value
+def product(container) { 
+  foldl(container, `*`, 1.0) 
+} 
+
+# Returns a new container with the elements of the first value concatenated with the elements of the second value
+def concat(x, y) : call_exists(clone, x) { 
+  auto retval = x; 
+  auto inserter := back_inserter(retval); 
+  auto range := range(y); 
+  while (!range.empty()) { 
+    inserter(range.front()); 
+    range.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+
+def take(container, num, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto r := range(container); 
+  auto i = num; 
+  while ((i > 0) && (!r.empty())) { 
+    inserter(r.front()); 
+    r.pop_front(); 
+    --i; 
+  } 
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new container with the given number of elements taken from the container
+def take(container, num) {
+  auto retval := new(container); 
+  take(container, num, back_inserter(retval)); 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+
+def take_while(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto r := range(container); 
+  while ((!r.empty()) && f(r.front())) { 
+    inserter(r.front()); 
+    r.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+} 
+
+
+# Returns a new container with the given elements match the second value function
+def take_while(container, f) {
+  auto retval := new(container); 
+  take_while(container, f, back_inserter(retval)); 
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def drop(container, num, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto r := range(container); 
+  auto i = num; 
+  while ((i > 0) && (!r.empty())) { 
+    r.pop_front(); 
+    --i; 
+  } 
+  while (!r.empty()) { 
+    inserter(r.front()); 
+    r.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new container with the given number of elements dropped from the given container 
+def drop(container, num) {
+  auto retval := new(container); 
+  drop(container, num, back_inserter(retval)); 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+
+def drop_while(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto r := range(container); 
+  while ((!r.empty())&& f(r.front())) { 
+    r.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+  while (!r.empty()) { 
+    inserter(r.front()); 
+    r.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new container with the given elements dropped that match the second value function
+def drop_while(container, f) {
+  auto retval := new(container); 
+  drop_while(container, f, back_inserter(retval)); 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+
+# Applies the second value function to the container. Starts with the first two elements. Expects at least 2 elements.
+def reduce(container, func) : container.size() >= 2 && call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto r := range(container); 
+  auto retval = r.front(); 
+  r.pop_front(); 
+  retval = func(retval, r.front()); 
+  r.pop_front(); 
+  while (!r.empty()) { 
+    retval = func(retval, r.front()); 
+    r.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+
+# Returns a string of the elements in container delimited by the second value string
+def join(container, delim) { 
+  auto retval = ""; 
+  auto range := range(container); 
+  if (!range.empty()) { 
+    retval += to_string(range.front()); 
+    range.pop_front(); 
+    while (!range.empty()) { 
+      retval += delim; 
+      retval += to_string(range.front()); 
+      range.pop_front(); 
+    } 
+  } 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+
+def filter(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto r := range(container); 
+  while (!r.empty()) { 
+    if (f(r.front())) { 
+      inserter(r.front()); 
+    } 
+    r.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+} 
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector which match the second value function
+def filter(container, f) { 
+  auto retval := new(container); 
+  filter(container, f, back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def generate_range(x, y, inserter) { 
+  auto i = x; 
+  while (i <= y) { 
+    inserter(i); 
+    ++i; 
+  } 
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector which represents the range from the first value to the second value
+def generate_range(x, y) { 
+  auto retval := Vector(); 
+  generate_range(x,y,back_inserter(retval)); 
+  retval; 
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector with the first value to the second value as its elements
+def collate(x, y) { 
+  return [x, y]; 
+}
+
+
+def zip_with(f, x, y, inserter) : call_exists(range, x) && call_exists(range, y) { 
+  auto r_x := range(x); 
+  auto r_y := range(y); 
+  while (!r_x.empty() && !r_y.empty()) { 
+    inserter(f(r_x.front(), r_y.front())); 
+    r_x.pop_front(); 
+    r_y.pop_front(); 
+  } 
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector which joins matching elements of the second and third value with the first value function
+def zip_with(f, x, y) { 
+  auto retval := Vector(); 
+  zip_with(f,x,y,back_inserter(retval)); 
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector which joins matching elements of the first and second
+def zip(x, y) { 
+  zip_with(collate, x, y); 
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find(string substr) { 
+  find(this, substr, size_t(0)); 
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of last match of the second value string in the first value string
+def string::rfind(string substr) { 
+  rfind(this, substr, size_t(-1)); 
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of the first match of elements in the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find_first_of(string list) { 
+  find_first_of(this, list, size_t(0)); 
+} 
+
+
+# Returns the position of the last match of elements in the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find_last_of(string list) {
+  find_last_of(this, list, size_t(-1)); 
+} 
+
+
+# Returns the position of the first non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find_first_not_of(string list) { 
+  find_first_not_of(this, list, size_t(0)); 
+} 
+
+
+# Returns the position of the last non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find_last_not_of(string list) { 
+  find_last_not_of(this, list, size_t(-1)); 
+} 
+
+
+def string::ltrim() { 
+  drop_while(this, fun(x) { x == ' ' || x == '\t' || x == '\r' || x == '\n'}); 
+} 
+
+
+def string::rtrim() { 
+  reverse(drop_while(reverse(this), fun(x) { x == ' ' || x == '\t' || x == '\r' || x == '\n'})); 
+} 
+
+
+def string::trim() { 
+  ltrim(rtrim(this)); 
+}
+
+
+def find(container, value, Function compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  auto range := range(container); 
+  while (!range.empty()) { 
+    if (compare_func(range.front(), value)) { 
+      return range; 
+    } else { 
+      range.pop_front(); 
+    } 
+  } 
+  range; 
+} 
+
+
+def find(container, value) { 
+  find(container, value, eq) 
+} 
+
+
+)"";
+}
+
+};
+}
+
+#endif /* CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.hpp

@@ -1,329 +0,0 @@
-// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
-// See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
-// http://www.chaiscript.com
-
-#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
-#define CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
-
-//Note, the expression "[x,y]" in "collate" is parsed as two separate expressions
-//by C++, so CODE_STRING, takes two expressions and adds in the missing comma
-#define CODE_STRING(x, y) #x ", " #y 
-
-#define chaiscript_prelude CODE_STRING(\
-def lt(l, r) { if (call_exists(`<`, l, r)) { l < r } else { type_name(l) < type_name(r) } } \n\
-def gt(l, r) { if (call_exists(`>`, l, r)) { l > r } else { type_name(l) > type_name(r) } } \n\
-def eq(l, r) { if (call_exists(`==`, l, r)) { l == r } else { false } } \n\
-def new(x) { eval(type_name(x))(); } \n\
-def clone(x) : function_exists(type_name(x)) && call_exists(eval(type_name(x)), x)  { eval(type_name(x))(x); } \n\
-# to_string for Pair()\n\
-def to_string(x) : call_exists(first, x) && call_exists(second, x) { \n\
-  "<" + x.first.to_string() + ", " + x.second.to_string() + ">"; \n\
-}\n\
-# to_string for containers\n\
-def to_string(x) : call_exists(range, x) && !x.is_type("string"){ \n\
-  "[" + x.join(", ") + "]"; \n\
-}\n\
-# Basic to_string function\n\
-def to_string(x) { \n\
-  internal_to_string(x); \n\
-}\n\
-# Prints to console with no carriage return\n\
-def puts(x) { \n\
-  print_string(x.to_string()); \n\
-} \n\
-# Prints to console with carriage return\n\
-def print(x) { \n\
-  println_string(x.to_string()); \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns the maximum value of two numbers\n\
-def max(a, b) { if (a>b) { a } else { b } } \n\
-# Returns the minimum value of two numbers\n\
-def min(a, b) { if (a<b) { a } else { b } } \n\
-# Returns true if the value is odd\n\
-def odd(x)  { if (x % 2 == 1) { true } else { false } } \n\
-# Returns true if the value is even\n\
-def even(x) { if (x % 2 == 0) { true } else { false } } \n\
-# Pushes the second value onto the container first value while making a clone of the value\n\
-def push_back(container, x) : call_exists(push_back_ref, container, x) { container.push_back_ref(clone(x)) } \n\
-# Pushes the second value onto the front of the container first value while making a clone of the value\n\
-def push_front(container, x) : call_exists(push_front_ref, container, x) { container.push_front_ref(clone(x)) } \n\
-# Inserts the third value at the position of the second value into the container of the first\n\
-# while making a clone. \n\
-def insert_at(container, pos, x) { container.insert_ref_at(pos, clone(x)); } \n\
-# Returns the reverse of the given container\n\
-def reverse(container) {\n\
-  var retval = new(container); \n\
-  var r = range(container); \n\
-  while (!r.empty()) { \n\
-    retval.push_back(r.back()); \n\
-    r.pop_back(); \n\
-  } \n\
-  retval; \n\
-} \n\
-# Return a range from a range \n\
-def range(r) : call_exists(empty, r) && call_exists(pop_front, r) && call_exists(pop_back, r) && call_exists(back, r) && call_exists(front, r) { return clone(r); }\n\
-# The retro attribute that contains the underlying range \n\
-attr retro::m_range; \n\
-# Creates a retro from a retro by returning the original range\n\
-def retro(r) : call_exists(get_type_name, r) && get_type_name(r) == "retro" { clone(r.m_range) }\n\
-# Creates a retro range from a range\n\
-def retro::retro(r) : call_exists(empty, r) && call_exists(pop_front, r) && call_exists(pop_back, r) && call_exists(back, r) && call_exists(front, r) { this.m_range = r; }\n\
-# Returns the first value of a retro\n\
-def retro::front()  { back(this.m_range) }\n\
-# Returns the last value of a retro\n\
-def retro::back()  { front(this.m_range) }\n\
-# Moves the back iterator of a retro towards the front by one \n\
-def retro::pop_back()  { pop_front(this.m_range) }\n\
-# Moves the front iterator of a retro towards the back by one \n\
-def retro::pop_front()  { pop_back(this.m_range) } \n\
-# returns true if the retro is out of elements \n\
-def retro::empty() { empty(this.m_range); } \n\
-# Performs the second value function over the container first value\n\
-def for_each(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var t_range = range(container); \n\
-  while (!t_range.empty()) { \n\
-    func(t_range.front()); \n\
-    t_range.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-def back_inserter(container) { \n\
-  bind(push_back, container, _);     \n\
-}\n\
-\n\
-def contains(container, item, compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var t_range = range(container); \n\
-  while (!t_range.empty()) { \n\
-    if ( compare_func(t_range.front(), item) ) { return true; } \n\
-    t_range.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-  return false; \n\
-} \n\
-def contains(container, item) { return contains(container, item, eq) } \n\
-def map(container, func, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var range = range(container); \n\
-  while (!range.empty()) { \n\
-    inserter(func(range.front())); \n\
-    range.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-# Performs the second value function over the container first value. Creates a new container with the results\n\
-def map(container, func) { \n\
-  var retval = new(container); \n\
-  map(container, func, back_inserter(retval));\n\
-  retval;\n\
-}\n\
-# Performs the second value function over the container first value. Starts with initial and continues with each element.\n\
-def foldl(container, func, initial) : call_exists(range, container){ \n\
-  var retval = initial; \n\
-  var range = range(container); \n\
-  while (!range.empty()) { \n\
-    retval = (func(range.front(), retval)); \n\
-    range.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-  retval; \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns the sum of the elements of the given value\n\
-def sum(container) { foldl(container, `+`, 0.0) } \n\
-# Returns the product of the elements of the given value\n\
-def product(container) { foldl(container, `*`, 1.0) } \n\
-# Returns a new container with the elements of the first value concatenated with the elements of the second value\n\
-def concat(x, y) : call_exists(clone, x) { \n\
-  var retval = x; \n\
-  var len = y.size(); \n\
-  var i = 0; \n\
-  while (i < len) { \n\
-    retval.push_back(y[i]); \n\
-    ++i; \n\
-  } \n\
-  retval; \n\
-} \n\
-def take(container, num, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var r = range(container); \n\
-  var i = num; \n\
-  while ((i > 0) && (!r.empty())) { \n\
-    inserter(r.front()); \n\
-    r.pop_front(); \n\
-    --i; \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns a new container with the given number of elements taken from the container\n\
-def take(container, num) {\n\
-  var retval = new(container); \n\
-  take(container, num, back_inserter(retval)); \n\
-  retval; \n\
-}\n\
-def take_while(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var r = range(container); \n\
-  while ((!r.empty()) && f(r.front())) { \n\
-    inserter(r.front()); \n\
-    r.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns a new container with the given elements match the second value function\n\
-def take_while(container, f) {\n\
-  var retval = new(container); \n\
-  take_while(container, f, back_inserter(retval)); \n\
-  retval;\n\
-}\n\
-def drop(container, num, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var r = range(container); \n\
-  var i = num; \n\
-  while ((i > 0) && (!r.empty())) { \n\
-    r.pop_front(); \n\
-    --i; \n\
-  } \n\
-  while (!r.empty()) { \n\
-    inserter(r.front()); \n\
-    r.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns a new container with the given number of elements dropped from the given container \n\
-def drop(container, num) {\n\
-  var retval = new(container); \n\
-  drop(container, num, back_inserter(retval)); \n\
-  retval; \n\
-}\n\
-def drop_while(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var r = range(container); \n\
-  while ((!r.empty())&& f(r.front())) { \n\
-    r.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-  while (!r.empty()) { \n\
-    inserter(r.front()); \n\
-    r.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns a new container with the given elements dropped that match the second value function\n\
-def drop_while(container, f) {\n\
-  var retval = new(container); \n\
-  drop_while(container, f, back_inserter(retval)); \n\
-  retval; \n\
-}\n\
-# Applies the second value function to the container. Starts with the first two elements. Expects at least 2 elements.\n\
-def reduce(container, func) : container.size() >= 2 && call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var r = range(container); \n\
-  var retval = r.front(); \n\
-  r.pop_front(); \n\
-  retval = func(retval, r.front()); \n\
-  r.pop_front(); \n\
-  while (!r.empty()) { \n\
-    retval = func(retval, r.front()); \n\
-    r.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-  retval; \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns a string of the elements in container delimited by the second value string\n\
-def join(container, delim) { \n\
-  var retval = ""; \n\
-  var range = range(container); \n\
-  if (!range.empty()) { \n\
-    retval += to_string(range.front()); \n\
-    range.pop_front(); \n\
-    while (!range.empty()) { \n\
-      retval += delim; \n\
-      retval += to_string(range.front()); \n\
-      range.pop_front(); \n\
-    } \n\
-  } \n\
-  retval; \n\
-} \n\
-def filter(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { \n\
-  var r = range(container); \n\
-  while (!r.empty()) { \n\
-    if (f(r.front())) { \n\
-      inserter(r.front()); \n\
-    } \n\
-    r.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns a new Vector which match the second value function\n\
-def filter(container, f) { \n\
-  var retval = new(container); \n\
-  filter(container, f, back_inserter(retval));\n\
-  retval;\n\
-}\n\
-def generate_range(x, y, inserter) { \n\
-  var i = x; \n\
-  while (i <= y) { \n\
-    inserter(i); \n\
-    ++i; \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns a new Vector which represents the range from the first value to the second value\n\
-def generate_range(x, y) { \n\
-  var retval = Vector(); \n\
-  generate_range(x,y,back_inserter(retval)); \n\
-  retval; \n\
-}\n\
-# Returns a new Vector with the first value to the second value as its elements\n\
-def collate(x, y) { \n\
-  [x, y]; \n\
-} \n\
-def zip_with(f, x, y, inserter) : call_exists(range, x) && call_exists(range, y) { \n\
-  var r_x = range(x); \n\
-  var r_y = range(y); \n\
-  while (!r_x.empty() && !r_y.empty()) { \n\
-    inserter(f(r_x.front(), r_y.front())); \n\
-    r_x.pop_front(); \n\
-    r_y.pop_front(); \n\
-  } \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns a new Vector which joins matching elements of the second and third value with the first value function\n\
-def zip_with(f, x, y) { \n\
-  var retval = Vector(); \n\
-  zip_with(f,x,y,back_inserter(retval)); \n\
-  retval;\n\
-}\n\
-# Returns a new Vector which joins matching elements of the first and second\n\
-def zip(x, y) { \n\
-  zip_with(collate, x, y); \n\
-}\n\
-# Returns the position of the second value string in the first value string\n\
-def string::find(substr) : is_type(substr, "string") { \n\
-  int(find(this, substr, 0)); \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns the position of last match of the second value string in the first value string\n\
-def string::rfind(substr) : is_type(substr, "string") { \n\
-  int(rfind(this, substr, -1)); \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns the position of the first match of elements in the second value string in the first value string\n\
-def string::find_first_of(list) : is_type(list, "string") { \n\
-  int(find_first_of(this, list, 0)); \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns the position of the last match of elements in the second value string in the first value string\n\
-def string::find_last_of(list) : is_type(list, "string") { \n\
-  int(find_last_of(this, list, -1)); \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns the position of the first non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string\n\
-def string::find_first_not_of(list) : is_type(list, "string") { \n\
-  int(find_first_not_of(this, list, 0)); \n\
-} \n\
-# Returns the position of the last non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string\n\
-def string::find_last_not_of(list) : is_type(list, "string") { \n\
-  int(find_last_not_of(this, list, -1)); \n\
-} \n\
-def string::ltrim() { \n\
-  drop_while(this, fun(x) { x == ' ' || x == '\t' }); \n\
-} \n\
-def string::rtrim() { \n\
-  reverse(drop_while(reverse(this), fun(x) { x == ' ' || x == '\t' })); \n\
-} \n\
-def string::trim() { \n\
-  ltrim(rtrim(this)); \n\
-} \n\
-def find(container, value, compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) && is_type(compare_func, "function") { \n\
-  var range = range(container); \n\
-  while (!range.empty()) { \n\
-    if (compare_func(range.front(), value)) { \n\
-      return range; \n\
-    } else { \n\
-      range.pop_front(); \n\
-    } \n\
-  } \n\
-  return range; \n\
-} \n\
-def find(container, value) { return find(container, value, eq) } \
-)
-#endif /* CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude_docs.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,830 @@
+/// This file is not technically part of the ChaiScript API. It is used solely for generating Doxygen docs
+/// regarding the ChaiScript standard runtime library.
+
+/// \brief Items in this namespace exist in the ChaiScript language runtime. They are not part of the C++ API
+namespace ChaiScript_Language
+{
+
+/// \page LangStandardLibraryRef ChaiScript Language Standard Library Reference
+///
+/// ChaiScript, at its core, has some very functional programming-inspired habits. Few places show this off as clearly 
+/// as the prelude, itself a name taken as a nod to the popular functional language Haskell. This prelude is available 
+/// to all standard ChaiScript applications, and provides a simple foundation for using numbers, strings, and ranges 
+/// (the general category of Range cs and their iteration).
+///
+
+
+/// \brief Generic concept of a value in ChaiScript. 
+///
+/// The Object type exists merely as a concept. All objects in ChaiScript support this concept 
+/// and have the following methods available to them. All objects are stored internally as chaiscript::Boxed_Value types.
+///
+/// \sa chaiscript::Boxed_Value
+class Object
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief Returns the Type_Info value for this Object
+    Type_Info get_type_info() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the Object is of the named type
+    bool is_type(string) const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the Object is of the Type_Info passed in
+    bool is_type(Type_Info) const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the Object is immutable
+    bool is_var_const() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the Object is a pointer and the pointer is null
+    bool is_var_null() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the Object is stored as a pointer
+    bool is_var_pointer() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the Object is stored as a reference    
+    bool is_var_reference() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the Object does not contain a value is is undefined.
+    bool is_var_undef() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the registered name of the type of the object. 
+    ///
+    /// \sa Type_Info::name();
+    string type_name() const;
+};
+
+/// \brief Item returned from a Range object from a Map
+class Map_Pair
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief Returns the key of the Map entry
+    const string first();
+
+    /// \brief Returns the value Object of the Map entry 
+    Object second();
+};
+
+
+/// \brief Maps strings to Objects
+///
+/// ChaiScript has a built in shortcut for generating Map objects:
+/// 
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> var m = ["a":1, "b":2];
+/// [<a,1>, <b,2>]
+/// eval> m.count("a");
+/// 1
+/// eval> m.count("c");
+/// 0
+/// eval> m.size();
+/// 2
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// Implemented as std::map<Boxed_Value>
+///
+/// \sa Map_Pair
+/// \sa chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::map_type
+class Map
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief Returns an object that implements the Range concept for the Map_Pair's in this Map
+    Range range();
+
+    /// \brief Returns an object that implements the Const_Range concept for the Map_Pair's in this Map
+    Const_Range range() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the number of elements in the Map
+    int size() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the item at the given key, creating an undefined Object if the key does not yet exist in the map
+    Object operator[](string);
+
+    /// \brief Clears the map of all items
+    void clear();
+
+    /// \brief Returns the number of items in the Map with the given key. Returns 0 or 1 since this is not an std::multimap.
+    int count(string) const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the map contains no items
+    bool empty() const;
+
+};
+
+
+/// \brief A concept implemented by string, Vector and Map. It is convertible to Range, default constructable and back_insertable
+class Container
+{
+  public:
+    void push_back(Object);
+    Range range();
+    Const_Range range() const;
+};
+
+
+/// \brief Converts o into a string.
+///
+/// \code
+/// eval> to_string(3).is_type("string") <br>
+/// true<br>
+/// \endcode
+string to_string(Object o);
+
+
+/// \brief Prints o to the terminal, without a trailing carriage return. Applies conversions to string automatically.
+/// \code
+/// eval> puts("hi, "); puts("there")
+/// hi, thereeval>
+/// \endcode
+/// \sa to_string
+/// \sa print
+void puts(Object o);
+
+
+/// \brief Prints o to the terminal, with a trailing carriage return. Applies conversions to string automatically
+/// \code
+/// eval> print("hello")
+/// hello
+/// eval>
+/// \endcode
+/// \sa to_string
+/// \sa puts
+void print(Object o);
+
+/// \brief ChaiScript representation of std::string. It is an std::string but only some member are exposed to ChaiScript.
+/// 
+/// Because the ChaiScript string object is an std::string, it is directly convertible to and from std::string
+/// using the chaiscript::boxed_cast and chaiscript::var functions.
+///
+/// With the exception of string::trim, string::rtrim, string::ltrim, all members are direct pass-throughs to the
+/// std::string of the same name. 
+///
+/// \note Object and function notations are equivalent in ChaiScript. This means that
+///       \c "bob".find("b") and \c find("bob", "b") are exactly the same. Most examples below follow the
+///       second formation of the function calls.
+/// \sa \ref keyworddef for extending existing C++ classes in ChaiScript
+/// \sa chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::string_type
+class string
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief Finds the first instance of substr.
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> find("abab", "ab")
+    /// 0
+    /// \endcode
+    int find(string s) const;
+
+
+    /// \brief Finds the last instance of substr.
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> rfind("abab", "ab")
+    /// 2
+    /// \endcode
+    int rfind(string s) const;
+
+    /// \brief Finds the first of characters in list in the string.
+    ///
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> find_first_of("abab", "bec")
+    /// 1
+    /// \endcode
+    int find_first_of(string list) const;
+
+    /// \brief Finds the last of characters in list in the string.
+    ///
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> find_last_of("abab", "bec")
+    /// 3
+    /// \endcode
+    int find_last_of(string list) const;
+
+    /// \brief Finds the first non-matching character to list in the str string.
+    ///
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> find_first_not_of("abcd", "fec")
+    /// 0
+    /// \endcode
+    int find_first_not_of(string list) const;
+
+    /// \brief Finds the last non-matching character to list in the list string.
+    ///
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> find_last_not_of("abcd", "fec")
+    /// 3
+    /// \endcode 
+    int find_last_not_of(string list) const;
+
+    /// \brief Removes whitespace from the front of the string, returning a new string
+    ///
+    /// \note This function is implemented as a ChaiScript function using the def member function notation.
+    ///
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> ltrim("  bob")
+    /// bob
+    /// \endcode
+    ///
+    /// \sa \ref keyworddef
+    string lstrim() const;
+
+    /// \brief Removes whitespace from the back of the string, returning a new string
+    ///
+    /// \note This function is implemented as a ChaiScript function using the def member function notation.
+    ///
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> rtrim("bob  ") + "|"
+    /// bob|
+    /// \endcode
+    ///
+    /// \sa \ref keyworddef
+    string rtrim() const;
+
+    /// \brief Removes whitespace from the front and back of the string, returning a new string
+    ///
+    /// \note This function is implemented as a ChaiScript function using the def member function notation.
+    ///
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> trim("  bob  ") + "|"
+    /// bob|
+    /// \endcode
+    /// 
+    /// Equivalent to rtrim(ltrim("  bob  "));
+    ///
+    /// \sa \ref keyworddef
+    string trim() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the character at the given index in the string, const version
+    const char &operator[](int t_index) const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the character at the given index in the string
+    char &operator[](int t_index);
+
+    /// \brief Returns underlying const char * for C api compatibility
+    const char *c_str() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns a pointer to the raw data in the string
+    const char *data() const;
+
+    /// \brief Resets the string to empty
+    void clear();
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the string is empty
+    bool empty() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the size of the string in bytes.
+    ///
+    /// This function normally returns size_t in C++. In ChaiScript the return value is cast to int
+    /// for ease of use.
+    int size() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns an object that implements the Range concept for the characters of this string
+    Range range();
+
+    /// \brief Returns an object that implements the Const_Range concept for the characters of this string
+    Const_Range range() const;
+};
+
+/// \brief A concept in ChaiScript that is implemented by \ref string, Vector and Map. It provides
+///        easy iteration over the elements in a container.
+///
+/// Implemented by the template chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::Bidir_Range
+///
+/// \sa Const_Range
+class Range
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief Returns the last item of the range
+    Object back();
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the front and back pointers have passed each other, if no items
+    ///        are left in the Range
+    bool empty() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the first item of the range
+    Object front();
+
+    /// \brief Moves the back pointer back one.
+    /// 
+    /// \post back() returns the element at back() - 1;
+    void pop_back();
+
+    /// \brief Moves the front pointer forward one
+    /// 
+    /// \post front() returns the element at front() + 1;
+    void pop_front();
+
+};
+
+/// \brief A concept in ChaiScript that is implemented by \ref string, Vector and Map. It provides
+///        easy iteration over the elements in a container. Contained values are const.
+///
+/// Implemented by the template chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::Const_Bidir_Range
+///
+/// \sa Range
+class Const_Range
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief Returns the last item of the range
+    const Object back();
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the front and back pointers have passed each other, if no items
+    ///        are left in the Range
+    bool empty() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the first item of the range
+    const Object front();
+
+    /// \brief Moves the back pointer back one.
+    /// 
+    /// \post back() returns the element at back() - 1;
+    void pop_back();
+
+    /// \brief Moves the front pointer forward one
+    /// 
+    /// \post front() returns the element at front() + 1;
+    void pop_front();
+
+};
+
+/// \brief A vector of Objects
+///
+/// ChaiScript includes a shortcut for creating a Vector of Objects
+/// 
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> var v = [1,2,3,4]
+/// [1, 2, 3, 4]
+/// eval> v[0];
+/// 1
+/// eval> v.size();
+/// 4
+/// \endcode 
+///
+/// Implemented with std::vector<chaiscript::Boxed_Value>
+/// 
+/// \sa chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::vector_type
+class Vector
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief returns the Object at the given index. Throws an exception if the index does not exist
+    Object operator[](int t_index);
+
+    /// \brief returns a const Object at the given index. Throws an exception if the index does not exist.
+    const Object operator[](int t_index) const;
+
+    /// \brief returns the last item in the Vector
+    Object back();
+
+    /// \brief Clears the Vector of all items
+    void clear();
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the Vector is contains 0 items
+    bool empty();
+
+    /// \brief Erases the element at the given index
+    void erase_at(int t_index);
+
+    /// \brief Returns the first item in the Vector
+    Object front();
+
+    /// \brief Inserts a new item in the Vector at the given index. The item is not cloned on insert
+    /// 
+    /// \sa insert_ref
+    void insert_ref_at(int, Object);
+
+    /// \brief Inserts a new item in the Vector at the given index. The item is cloned on insert
+    /// 
+    /// \sa insert_ref
+    void insert_at(int, Object);
+   
+    /// \brief Removes the last item from the Vector
+    void pop_back();
+
+    /// \brief Adds an item to the end of the Vector. The item is not cloned.
+    ///
+    /// \sa push_back
+    void push_back_ref(Object);
+
+    /// \brief Adds an item to the end of the Vector. The item is cloned.
+    ///
+    /// \sa push_back_ref
+    void push_back(Object);
+
+    /// \brief Returns a Range object for the entire vector
+    Range range();
+
+    /// \brief Returns a Const_Range object for the entire vector
+    Const_Range range() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the number of elements in the Vector
+    int size() const;
+
+};
+
+class Type_Info
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief Compares this Type_Info object with another one and returns true if the two types are the same
+    ///        after const, pointer, reference are removed.
+    bool bare_equal(Type_Info t_ti) const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the mangled C++ name for the type given by the compiler after const, pointer, reference is removed.
+    string cpp_bare_name() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the mangled C++ name for the type given by the compiler.
+    string cpp_name() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the type is const
+    bool is_type_const() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the type is a pointer
+    bool is_type_pointer() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the type is a reference 
+    bool is_type_reference() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the type is undefined 
+    bool is_type_undef() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the type is "void"
+    bool is_type_void() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the ChaiScript registered name for the type if one exists.
+    string name() const;
+
+};
+
+
+/// \brief Represents a function object in ChaiScript
+///
+/// A function object may be one function, such as:
+/// \code
+/// var f = fun(x) { return x; }
+/// \endcode
+/// 
+/// Or it may represent multiple functions
+/// \code
+/// var f2 = `-`; // represents the unary - as well as the set of binary - operators
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// Guarded function example
+/// \code
+/// def f3(x) : x > 2 {
+///  return x;
+/// }
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// Examples in the function definitions below will reference these examples
+class Function
+{
+  public:
+    /// \brief Returns the annotation description of the function
+    string get_annotation() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns the arity of the function, -1 if the function takes a variable number of parameters
+    ///
+    /// Example:
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> f.get_arity()
+    /// 1
+    /// eval> f2.get_arity()
+    /// -1
+    /// \endcode
+    int get_arity() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns a vector of the contained functions
+    /// 
+    /// Example:
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> f.get_contained_functions().size()
+    /// 0
+    /// eval> f2.get_contained_functions().size()
+    /// 11
+    /// eval> var v = f2.get_contained_functions();
+    /// v[0].get_arity()
+    /// 2
+    /// \endcode
+    Vector get_contained_functions() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns a vector of the contained functions
+    /// 
+    /// Example:
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> f.get_guard() // Throws exception
+    /// Function does not have a guard
+    /// eval> f3.get_guard().get_arity()
+    /// 1
+    /// \endcode
+    Function get_guard() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns a vector of Type_Info objects that represent the param types for this function.
+    ///        The first value in the list is the return type.
+    /// 
+    /// If this function is a conglomerate of several functions (get_contained_values().size() > 0)
+    /// then the function returns as many Type_Info objects as it can. If the functions contained all have
+    /// the same arity, then it represents the arity. If they have different arities, it returns only
+    /// one value - the return type. 
+    /// 
+    /// For each parameter that is the same type, the type is returned. If the types are different
+    /// then a Type_Info for Object is returned.
+    ///
+    /// Example:
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> f2.get_param_types().size(); // Returns a Type_Info for Object for the return type
+    /// 1
+    /// \endcode
+    Vector get_param_types() const;
+
+    /// \brief Returns true if the function has a guard to it. Always returns false for a conglomerate function
+    bool has_guard() const;
+
+    /// \brief Calls the function with the given set of parameters and returns the value;
+    /// 
+    /// Example:
+    /// \code
+    /// eval> `-`.call([2,1]);
+    /// 1
+    /// \endcode
+    Object call(Vector t_params) const;
+}
+
+
+
+/// \brief Returns the max of a or b. Requires that operator>(a, b) exists
+/// Equivalent to 
+/// \code
+/// return a>b?a:b;
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> max(4, 10)
+/// 10
+/// \endcode
+Object max(Object a, Object b);
+
+/// \brief Returns the min of a or b. Requires that operator<(a, b) exists
+///
+/// Equivalent to 
+/// \code
+/// return a<b?a:b;
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> min(4, 10)
+/// 4
+/// \endcode
+Object min(Object a, Object b);
+
+/// \brief Returns true if x is an even integer. 
+/// 
+/// Will also work on any non-integer type for which an operator%(x, int) exists
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> even(4)
+/// true
+/// \endcode
+bool even(Object x);
+
+/// \brief Returns true if x is an odd integer. 
+/// 
+/// Will also work on any non-integer type for which an operator%(x, int) exists
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> odd(4)
+/// false 
+/// \endcode
+bool even(Object x);
+
+
+/// \brief Applies the function f over each element in the Range c.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> for_each([1, 2, 3], print)
+/// 1
+/// 2
+/// 3
+/// \endcode
+void for_each(Range c, Function f);
+
+
+/// \brief Applies f over each element in the Range c, joining all the results.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> map([1, 2, 3], odd)
+/// [true, false, true]
+/// \endcode
+Object map(Range c, Function f);
+
+
+/// \brief Starts with the initial value and applies the function f to it and the first element of the Range c. 
+///        The result is then applied to the second element, and so on until the elements are exhausted.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> foldl([1, 2, 3, 4], `+`, 0)
+/// 10
+/// \endcode
+Object foldl(Range c, Function f, Object initial);
+
+
+/// \brief Returns the sum total of the values in the Range c.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> sum([1, 2, 3, 4])
+/// 10
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// Equivalent to:
+/// \code
+/// foldl(c, `+`, 0.0);
+/// \endcode
+Numeric sum(Range c);
+
+
+/// \brief Returns the product of the value in the Range c.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> product([1, 2, 3, 4])
+/// 24
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// Equivalent to:
+/// \code
+/// foldl(c, `*`, 1.0);
+/// \endcode
+Numeric product(Range c);
+
+
+/// \brief Takes num elements from the Range c, returning them.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> take([1, 2, 3, 4], 2)
+/// [1, 2]
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// \returns A container of the same type that was passed in
+Object take(Range c, int num);
+
+
+/// \brief Takes elements from the Range c that match function f, stopping at the first non-match, returning them as a new Vector.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> take_while([1, 2, 3], odd)
+/// [1]
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// \returns A container of the same type that was passed in
+Object take_while(Range c, Function f);
+
+
+/// \brief Drops num elements from the Range c, returning the remainder.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> drop([1, 2, 3, 4], 2)
+/// [3, 4]
+/// \endcode
+///
+/// \returns A container of the same type that was passed in
+Object drop(Range c, int num);
+
+
+/// \brief Drops elements from the Range c that match f, stopping at the first non-match, returning the remainder.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> drop_while([1, 2, 3], odd)         
+/// [2, 3]
+/// \endcode
+Object drop_while(Range c, Function f);
+
+
+/// \brief Similar to foldl, this takes the first two elements as its starting values for f. This assumes Range c has at least 2 elements.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> reduce([1, 2, 3, 4], `+`)
+/// 10
+/// \endcode
+Object reduce(Range c, Function f);
+
+
+/// \brief Takes elements from Container c that match function f, return them.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> filter([1, 2, 3, 4], odd)
+/// [1, 3]
+/// \endcode
+Object filter(Container c, Function f);
+
+
+/// \brief Joins the elements of the Range c into a string, delimiting each with the delim string.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> join([1, 2, 3], "*") 
+/// 1*2*3
+/// \endcode
+string join(Range c, string delim);
+
+
+/// \brief Returns the contents of the Container c in reversed order.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> reverse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
+/// [7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+/// \endcode
+Container reverse(Container c);
+
+
+/// \brief Generates a new Vector filled with values starting at x and ending with y.
+///
+/// Works on types supporting operator<=(x, y) and operator++(x)
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> generate_range(1, 10)
+/// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
+/// \endcode
+Vector generate_range(Object x, Object y);
+
+
+/// \brief Returns a new Range with x and y concatenated.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> concat([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
+/// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+/// \endcode
+Object concat(Range x, Range y);
+
+
+/// \brief Returns a new Vector with x and y as its values.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> collate(1, 2)
+/// [1, 2]
+/// \endcode
+Vector collate(Object x, Object y);
+
+
+/// \brief Applies f to elements of x and y, returning a new Vector with the result of each application.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> zip_with(`+`, [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
+/// [5, 7, 9]
+/// \endcode
+Vector zip_with(Function f, Range x, Range y);
+
+
+/// \brief Collates elements of x and y, returning a new Vector with the result.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> zip([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
+/// [[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]]
+/// \endcode
+Vector zip(Range x, Range y);
+
+
+/// \brief returns true if there exists a call to the Function f that takes the given parameters
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> call_exists(`+`, 1, 2)
+/// true
+/// \endcode
+bool call_exists(Function f, ...);
+
+/// \brief Reverses a Range object so that the elements are accessed in reverse
+Range retro(Range);
+
+/// \brief Reverses a Const_Range object so that the elements are accessed in reverse
+Const_Range retro(Const_Range);
+
+
+/// \brief Raises the given object as an exception. Any type of object can be thrown.
+///
+/// Example:
+/// \code
+/// eval> try { throw(1); } catch (e) { print("Exception caught: " + to_string(e)); }
+/// Exception caught: 1
+/// \endcode
+/// 
+/// \sa \ref keywordtry
+void throw(Object); 
+}
+

include/chaiscript/utility/json.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,647 @@
+// From github.com/nbsdx/SimpleJSON. 
+// Released under the DWTFYW PL
+//
+
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifndef SIMPLEJSON_HPP
+#define SIMPLEJSON_HPP
+
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <string>
+#include <deque>
+#include <map>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace json {
+
+using std::map;
+using std::deque;
+using std::string;
+using std::enable_if;
+using std::initializer_list;
+using std::is_same;
+using std::is_convertible;
+using std::is_integral;
+using std::is_floating_point;
+
+namespace {
+    string json_escape( const string &str ) {
+        string output;
+        for( unsigned i = 0; i < str.length(); ++i )
+            switch( str[i] ) {
+                case '\"': output += "\\\""; break;
+                case '\\': output += "\\\\"; break;
+                case '\b': output += "\\b";  break;
+                case '\f': output += "\\f";  break;
+                case '\n': output += "\\n";  break;
+                case '\r': output += "\\r";  break;
+                case '\t': output += "\\t";  break;
+                default  : output += str[i]; break;
+            }
+        return output;
+    }
+}
+
+class JSON
+{
+    union BackingData {
+        BackingData( double d ) : Float( d ){}
+        BackingData( long   l ) : Int( l ){}
+        BackingData( bool   b ) : Bool( b ){}
+        BackingData( string s ) : String( new string( s ) ){}
+        BackingData()           : Int( 0 ){}
+
+        deque<JSON>        *List;
+        map<string,JSON>   *Map;
+        string             *String;
+        double              Float;
+        long                Int;
+        bool                Bool;
+    } Internal;
+
+    public:
+        enum class Class {
+            Null,
+            Object,
+            Array,
+            String,
+            Floating,
+            Integral,
+            Boolean
+        };
+
+        template <typename Container>
+        class JSONWrapper {
+            Container *object;
+
+            public:
+                JSONWrapper( Container *val ) : object( val ) {}
+                JSONWrapper( std::nullptr_t )  : object( nullptr ) {}
+
+                typename Container::iterator begin() { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::iterator(); }
+                typename Container::iterator end() { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::iterator(); }
+                typename Container::const_iterator begin() const { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::iterator(); }
+                typename Container::const_iterator end() const { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::iterator(); }
+        };
+
+        template <typename Container>
+        class JSONConstWrapper {
+            const Container *object;
+
+            public:
+                JSONConstWrapper( const Container *val ) : object( val ) {}
+                JSONConstWrapper( std::nullptr_t )  : object( nullptr ) {}
+
+                typename Container::const_iterator begin() const { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::const_iterator(); }
+                typename Container::const_iterator end() const { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::const_iterator(); }
+        };
+
+        JSON() : Internal(), Type( Class::Null ){}
+
+        explicit JSON(Class type)
+            : Internal(), Type(Class::Null)
+        {
+            SetType( type );
+        }
+
+        JSON( initializer_list<JSON> list ) 
+            : Internal(), Type(Class::Null)
+        {
+            SetType( Class::Object );
+            for( auto i = list.begin(), e = list.end(); i != e; ++i, ++i )
+                operator[]( i->ToString() ) = *std::next( i );
+        }
+
+        JSON( JSON&& other )
+            : Internal( other.Internal )
+            , Type( other.Type )
+        { other.Type = Class::Null; other.Internal.Map = nullptr; }
+
+        JSON& operator=( JSON&& other ) {
+            Internal = other.Internal;
+            Type = other.Type;
+            other.Internal.Map = nullptr;
+            other.Type = Class::Null;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        JSON( const JSON &other ) {
+            switch( other.Type ) {
+            case Class::Object:
+                Internal.Map = 
+                    new map<string,JSON>( other.Internal.Map->begin(),
+                                          other.Internal.Map->end() );
+                break;
+            case Class::Array:
+                Internal.List = 
+                    new deque<JSON>( other.Internal.List->begin(),
+                                      other.Internal.List->end() );
+                break;
+            case Class::String:
+                Internal.String = 
+                    new string( *other.Internal.String );
+                break;
+            default:
+                Internal = other.Internal;
+            }
+            Type = other.Type;
+        }
+
+        JSON& operator=( const JSON &other ) {
+            if (&other == this) return *this;
+
+            switch( other.Type ) {
+            case Class::Object:
+                Internal.Map = 
+                    new map<string,JSON>( other.Internal.Map->begin(),
+                                          other.Internal.Map->end() );
+                break;
+            case Class::Array:
+                Internal.List = 
+                    new deque<JSON>( other.Internal.List->begin(),
+                                      other.Internal.List->end() );
+                break;
+            case Class::String:
+                Internal.String = 
+                    new string( *other.Internal.String );
+                break;
+            default:
+                Internal = other.Internal;
+            }
+            Type = other.Type;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        ~JSON() {
+            switch( Type ) {
+            case Class::Array:
+                delete Internal.List;
+                break;
+            case Class::Object:
+                delete Internal.Map;
+                break;
+            case Class::String:
+                delete Internal.String;
+                break;
+            default:;
+            }
+        }
+
+        template <typename T>
+        JSON( T b, typename enable_if<is_same<T,bool>::value>::type* = 0 ) : Internal( b ), Type( Class::Boolean ){}
+
+        template <typename T>
+        JSON( T i, typename enable_if<is_integral<T>::value && !is_same<T,bool>::value>::type* = 0 ) : Internal( long(i) ), Type( Class::Integral ){}
+
+        template <typename T>
+        JSON( T f, typename enable_if<is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* = 0 ) : Internal( double(f) ), Type( Class::Floating ){}
+
+        template <typename T>
+        JSON( T s, typename enable_if<is_convertible<T,string>::value>::type* = 0 ) : Internal( string( s ) ), Type( Class::String ){}
+
+        JSON( std::nullptr_t ) : Internal(), Type( Class::Null ){}
+
+        static JSON Make( Class type ) {
+            return JSON(type);
+        }
+
+        static JSON Load( const string & );
+
+        template <typename T>
+        void append( T arg ) {
+            SetType( Class::Array ); Internal.List->emplace_back( arg );
+        }
+
+        template <typename T, typename... U>
+        void append( T arg, U... args ) {
+            append( arg ); append( args... );
+        }
+
+        template <typename T>
+            typename enable_if<is_same<T,bool>::value, JSON&>::type operator=( T b ) {
+                SetType( Class::Boolean ); Internal.Bool = b; return *this;
+            }
+
+        template <typename T>
+            typename enable_if<is_integral<T>::value && !is_same<T,bool>::value, JSON&>::type operator=( T i ) {
+                SetType( Class::Integral ); Internal.Int = i; return *this;
+            }
+
+        template <typename T>
+            typename enable_if<is_floating_point<T>::value, JSON&>::type operator=( T f ) {
+                SetType( Class::Floating ); Internal.Float = f; return *this;
+            }
+
+        template <typename T>
+            typename enable_if<is_convertible<T,string>::value, JSON&>::type operator=( T s ) {
+                SetType( Class::String ); *Internal.String = string( s ); return *this;
+            }
+
+        JSON& operator[]( const string &key ) {
+            SetType( Class::Object ); return Internal.Map->operator[]( key );
+        }
+
+        JSON& operator[]( const size_t index ) {
+            SetType( Class::Array );
+            if( index >= Internal.List->size() ) Internal.List->resize( index + 1 );
+            return Internal.List->operator[]( index );
+        }
+
+        JSON &at( const string &key ) {
+            return operator[]( key );
+        }
+
+        const JSON &at( const string &key ) const {
+            return Internal.Map->at( key );
+        }
+
+        JSON &at( unsigned index ) {
+            return operator[]( index );
+        }
+
+        const JSON &at( unsigned index ) const {
+            return Internal.List->at( index );
+        }
+
+        int length() const {
+            if( Type == Class::Array )
+                return static_cast<int>(Internal.List->size());
+            else
+                return -1;
+        }
+
+        bool hasKey( const string &key ) const {
+            if( Type == Class::Object )
+                return Internal.Map->find( key ) != Internal.Map->end();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        int size() const {
+            if( Type == Class::Object )
+                return static_cast<int>(Internal.Map->size());
+            else if( Type == Class::Array )
+                return static_cast<int>(Internal.List->size());
+            else
+                return -1;
+        }
+
+        Class JSONType() const { return Type; }
+
+        /// Functions for getting primitives from the JSON object.
+        bool IsNull() const { return Type == Class::Null; }
+
+        string ToString() const { bool b; return ToString( b ); }
+        string ToString( bool &ok ) const {
+            ok = (Type == Class::String);
+            return ok ? *Internal.String : string("");
+        }
+
+        double ToFloat() const { bool b; return ToFloat( b ); }
+        double ToFloat( bool &ok ) const {
+            ok = (Type == Class::Floating);
+            return ok ? Internal.Float : 0.0;
+        }
+
+        long ToInt() const { bool b; return ToInt( b ); }
+        long ToInt( bool &ok ) const {
+            ok = (Type == Class::Integral);
+            return ok ? Internal.Int : 0;
+        }
+
+        bool ToBool() const { bool b; return ToBool( b ); }
+        bool ToBool( bool &ok ) const {
+            ok = (Type == Class::Boolean);
+            return ok ? Internal.Bool : false;
+        }
+
+        JSONWrapper<map<string,JSON>> ObjectRange() {
+            if( Type == Class::Object )
+                return JSONWrapper<map<string,JSON>>( Internal.Map );
+            return JSONWrapper<map<string,JSON>>( nullptr );
+        }
+
+        JSONWrapper<deque<JSON>> ArrayRange() {
+            if( Type == Class::Array )
+                return JSONWrapper<deque<JSON>>( Internal.List );
+            return JSONWrapper<deque<JSON>>( nullptr );
+        }
+
+        JSONConstWrapper<map<string,JSON>> ObjectRange() const {
+            if( Type == Class::Object )
+                return JSONConstWrapper<map<string,JSON>>( Internal.Map );
+            return JSONConstWrapper<map<string,JSON>>( nullptr );
+        }
+
+
+        JSONConstWrapper<deque<JSON>> ArrayRange() const { 
+            if( Type == Class::Array )
+                return JSONConstWrapper<deque<JSON>>( Internal.List );
+            return JSONConstWrapper<deque<JSON>>( nullptr );
+        }
+
+        string dump( int depth = 1, string tab = "  ") const {
+            switch( Type ) {
+                case Class::Null:
+                    return "null";
+                case Class::Object: {
+                    string pad = "";
+                    for( int i = 0; i < depth; ++i, pad += tab );
+
+                    string s = "{\n";
+                    bool skip = true;
+                    for( auto &p : *Internal.Map ) {
+                        if( !skip ) s += ",\n";
+                        s += ( pad + "\"" + p.first + "\" : " + p.second.dump( depth + 1, tab ) );
+                        skip = false;
+                    }
+                    s += ( "\n" + pad.erase( 0, 2 ) + "}" ) ;
+                    return s;
+                }
+                case Class::Array: {
+                    string s = "[";
+                    bool skip = true;
+                    for( auto &p : *Internal.List ) {
+                        if( !skip ) s += ", ";
+                        s += p.dump( depth + 1, tab );
+                        skip = false;
+                    }
+                    s += "]";
+                    return s;
+                }
+                case Class::String:
+                    return "\"" + json_escape( *Internal.String ) + "\"";
+                case Class::Floating:
+                    return std::to_string( Internal.Float );
+                case Class::Integral:
+                    return std::to_string( Internal.Int );
+                case Class::Boolean:
+                    return Internal.Bool ? "true" : "false";
+            }
+
+            throw std::runtime_error("Unhandled JSON type");
+        }
+
+        friend std::ostream& operator<<( std::ostream&, const JSON & );
+
+    private:
+        void SetType( Class type ) {
+            if( type == Type )
+                return;
+
+            switch( Type ) {
+            case Class::Object: delete Internal.Map;    break;
+            case Class::Array:  delete Internal.List;   break;
+            case Class::String: delete Internal.String; break;
+            default:;
+            }
+
+            switch( type ) {
+            case Class::Null:      Internal.Map    = nullptr;                break;
+            case Class::Object:    Internal.Map    = new map<string,JSON>(); break;
+            case Class::Array:     Internal.List   = new deque<JSON>();     break;
+            case Class::String:    Internal.String = new string();           break;
+            case Class::Floating:  Internal.Float  = 0.0;                    break;
+            case Class::Integral:  Internal.Int    = 0;                      break;
+            case Class::Boolean:   Internal.Bool   = false;                  break;
+            }
+
+            Type = type;
+        }
+
+    private:
+
+        Class Type;
+};
+
+inline JSON Array() {
+    return JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Array );
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+inline JSON Array( T... args ) {
+    JSON arr = JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Array );
+    arr.append( args... );
+    return arr;
+}
+
+inline JSON Object() {
+    return JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Object );
+}
+
+inline std::ostream& operator<<( std::ostream &os, const JSON &json ) {
+    os << json.dump();
+    return os;
+}
+
+namespace {
+    JSON parse_next( const string &, size_t & );
+
+    void consume_ws( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+        while( isspace( str[offset] ) ) ++offset;
+    }
+
+    JSON parse_object( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+        JSON Object = JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Object );
+
+        ++offset;
+        consume_ws( str, offset );
+        if( str[offset] == '}' ) {
+            ++offset; return Object;
+        }
+
+        for (;offset<str.size();) {
+            JSON Key = parse_next( str, offset );
+            consume_ws( str, offset );
+            if( str[offset] != ':' ) {
+                throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Object: Expected colon, found '") + str[offset] + "'\n");
+            }
+            consume_ws( str, ++offset );
+            JSON Value = parse_next( str, offset );
+            Object[Key.ToString()] = Value;
+
+            consume_ws( str, offset );
+            if( str[offset] == ',' ) {
+                ++offset; continue;
+            }
+            else if( str[offset] == '}' ) {
+                ++offset; break;
+            }
+            else {
+                throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Object: Expected comma, found '") + str[offset] + "'\n");
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Object;
+    }
+
+    JSON parse_array( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+        JSON Array = JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Array );
+        unsigned index = 0;
+
+        ++offset;
+        consume_ws( str, offset );
+        if( str[offset] == ']' ) {
+            ++offset; return Array;
+        }
+
+        for (;offset < str.size();) {
+            Array[index++] = parse_next( str, offset );
+            consume_ws( str, offset );
+
+            if( str[offset] == ',' ) {
+                ++offset; continue;
+            }
+            else if( str[offset] == ']' ) {
+                ++offset; break;
+            }
+            else {
+              throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Array: Expected ',' or ']', found '") + str[offset] + "'\n");
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Array;
+    }
+
+    JSON parse_string( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+        string val;
+        for( char c = str[++offset]; c != '\"' ; c = str[++offset] ) {
+            if( c == '\\' ) {
+                switch( str[ ++offset ] ) {
+                case '\"': val += '\"'; break;
+                case '\\': val += '\\'; break;
+                case '/' : val += '/' ; break;
+                case 'b' : val += '\b'; break;
+                case 'f' : val += '\f'; break;
+                case 'n' : val += '\n'; break;
+                case 'r' : val += '\r'; break;
+                case 't' : val += '\t'; break;
+                case 'u' : {
+                    val += "\\u" ;
+                    for( unsigned i = 1; i <= 4; ++i ) {
+                        c = str[offset+i];
+                        if( (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') )
+                            val += c;
+                        else {
+                            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: String: Expected hex character in unicode escape, found '") + c + "'");
+                        }
+                    }
+                    offset += 4;
+                } break;
+                default  : val += '\\'; break;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+                val += c;
+        }
+        ++offset;
+        return JSON(val);
+    }
+
+    JSON parse_number( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+        JSON Number;
+        string val, exp_str;
+        char c = '\0';
+        bool isDouble = false;
+        long exp = 0;
+        for (; offset < str.size() ;) {
+            c = str[offset++];
+            if( (c == '-') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') )
+                val += c;
+            else if( c == '.' ) {
+                val += c; 
+                isDouble = true;
+            }
+            else
+                break;
+        }
+        if( offset < str.size() && (c == 'E' || c == 'e' )) {
+            c = str[ offset++ ];
+            if( c == '-' ) { exp_str += '-';}
+            else if( c == '+' ) { }
+            else --offset;
+
+            for (; offset < str.size() ;) {
+                c = str[ offset++ ];
+                if( c >= '0' && c <= '9' )
+                    exp_str += c;
+                else if( !isspace( c ) && c != ',' && c != ']' && c != '}' ) {
+                    throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Number: Expected a number for exponent, found '") + c + "'");
+                }
+                else
+                    break;
+            }
+            exp = std::stol( exp_str );
+        }
+        else if( offset < str.size() && (!isspace( c ) && c != ',' && c != ']' && c != '}' )) {
+            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Number: unexpected character '") + c + "'");
+        }
+        --offset;
+
+        if( isDouble )
+            Number = std::stod( val ) * std::pow( 10, exp );
+        else {
+            if( !exp_str.empty() )
+                Number = std::stol( val ) * std::pow( 10, exp );
+            else
+                Number = std::stol( val );
+        }
+        return Number;
+    }
+
+    JSON parse_bool( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+        JSON Bool;
+        if( str.substr( offset, 4 ) == "true" ) {
+            offset += 4;
+            Bool = true;
+        } else if( str.substr( offset, 5 ) == "false" ) {
+            offset += 5;
+            Bool = false;
+        } else {
+            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Bool: Expected 'true' or 'false', found '") + str.substr( offset, 5 ) + "'");
+        }
+        return Bool;
+    }
+
+    JSON parse_null( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+        if( str.substr( offset, 4 ) != "null" ) {
+            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Null: Expected 'null', found '") + str.substr( offset, 4 ) + "'");
+        }
+        offset += 4;
+        return JSON();
+    }
+
+    JSON parse_next( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+        char value;
+        consume_ws( str, offset );
+        value = str[offset];
+        switch( value ) {
+            case '[' : return parse_array( str, offset );
+            case '{' : return parse_object( str, offset );
+            case '\"': return parse_string( str, offset );
+            case 't' :
+            case 'f' : return parse_bool( str, offset );
+            case 'n' : return parse_null( str, offset );
+            default  : if( ( value <= '9' && value >= '0' ) || value == '-' )
+                           return parse_number( str, offset );
+        }
+        throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Parse: Unexpected starting character '") + value + "'");
+    }
+}
+
+inline JSON JSON::Load( const string &str ) {
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    return parse_next( str, offset );
+}
+
+} // End Namespace json
+
+
+#endif 

include/chaiscript/utility/json_wrap.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_SIMPLEJSON_WRAP_HPP
+#define CHAISCRIPT_SIMPLEJSON_WRAP_HPP
+
+#include "json.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  class json_wrap
+  {
+    public:
+
+      static ModulePtr library(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+      {
+
+        m->add(chaiscript::fun([](const std::string &t_str) { return from_json(t_str); }), "from_json");
+        m->add(chaiscript::fun(&json_wrap::to_json), "to_json");
+
+        return m;
+
+      }
+
+    private:
+
+      static Boxed_Value from_json(const json::JSON &t_json)
+      {
+        switch( t_json.JSONType() ) {
+          case json::JSON::Class::Null:
+            return Boxed_Value();
+          case json::JSON::Class::Object:
+            {
+              std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m;
+
+              for (const auto &p : t_json.ObjectRange())
+              {
+                m.insert(std::make_pair(p.first, from_json(p.second)));
+              }
+
+              return Boxed_Value(m);
+            }
+          case json::JSON::Class::Array:
+            {
+              std::vector<Boxed_Value> vec;
+
+              for (const auto &p : t_json.ArrayRange()) 
+              {
+                vec.emplace_back(from_json(p));
+              }
+
+              return Boxed_Value(vec);
+            }
+          case json::JSON::Class::String:
+            return Boxed_Value(t_json.ToString());
+          case json::JSON::Class::Floating:
+            return Boxed_Value(t_json.ToFloat());
+          case json::JSON::Class::Integral:
+            return Boxed_Value(t_json.ToInt());
+          case json::JSON::Class::Boolean:
+            return Boxed_Value(t_json.ToBool());
+        }
+
+        throw std::runtime_error("Unknown JSON type");
+      }
+
+      static Boxed_Value from_json(const std::string &t_json)
+      {
+        return from_json( json::JSON::Load(t_json) );
+      }
+
+      static std::string to_json(const Boxed_Value &t_bv)
+      {
+        return to_json_object(t_bv).dump();
+      }
+
+      static json::JSON to_json_object(const Boxed_Value &t_bv)
+      {
+        try {
+          const std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m = chaiscript::boxed_cast<const std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> &>(t_bv);
+
+          json::JSON obj;
+          for (const auto &o : m)
+          {
+            obj[o.first] = to_json_object(o.second);
+          }
+          return obj;
+        } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+          // not a map
+        }
+
+        try {
+          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> v = chaiscript::boxed_cast<const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &>(t_bv);
+
+          json::JSON obj;
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i)
+          {
+            obj[i] = to_json_object(v[i]);
+          }
+          return obj;
+        } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+          // not a vector
+        }
+
+
+        try {
+          Boxed_Number bn(t_bv);
+          json::JSON obj;
+          if (Boxed_Number::is_floating_point(t_bv))
+          {
+            obj = bn.get_as<double>();
+          } else {
+            obj = bn.get_as<long>();
+          }
+          return obj;
+        } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
+          // not a number
+        }
+
+        try {
+          bool b = boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv);
+          json::JSON obj;
+          obj = b;
+          return obj;
+        } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+          // not a bool
+        }
+
+        try {
+          std::string s = boxed_cast<std::string>(t_bv);
+          json::JSON obj;
+          obj = s;
+          return obj;
+        } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+          // not a string
+        }
+
+
+        try {
+          const chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Object &o = boxed_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Object &>(t_bv);
+
+          json::JSON obj;
+          for (const auto &attr : o.get_attrs())
+          {
+            obj[attr.first] = to_json_object(attr.second);
+          }
+          return obj;
+        } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+          // not a dynamic object
+        }
+
+        throw std::runtime_error("Unknown object type to convert to JSON");
+      }
+
+
+  };
+
+
+}
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_UTILITY_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_UTILITY_HPP_
+
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "../chaiscript.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/type_info.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/operators.hpp"
+
+
+namespace chaiscript 
+{
+  namespace utility
+  {
+
+    /// Single step command for registering a class with ChaiScript
+    /// 
+    /// \param[in,out] t_module Model to add class to
+    /// \param[in] t_class_name Name of the class being registered
+    /// \param[in] t_constructors Vector of constructors to add
+    /// \param[in] t_funcs Vector of methods to add
+    ///
+    /// \example Adding a basic class to ChaiScript in one step
+    /// 
+    /// \code
+    /// chaiscript::utility::add_class<test>(*m,
+    ///      "test",
+    ///      { constructor<test ()>(),
+    ///        constructor<test (const test &)>() },
+    ///      { {fun(&test::function), "function"},
+    ///        {fun(&test::function2), "function2"},
+    ///        {fun(&test::function3), "function3"},
+    ///        {fun(static_cast<std::string(test::*)(double)>(&test::function_overload)), "function_overload" },
+    ///        {fun(static_cast<std::string(test::*)(int)>(&test::function_overload)), "function_overload" },
+    ///        {fun(static_cast<test & (test::*)(const test &)>(&test::operator=)), "=" }
+    ///        }
+    ///      );
+    /// 
+    template<typename Class, typename ModuleType>
+      void add_class(ModuleType &t_module,
+          const std::string &t_class_name,
+          const std::vector<chaiscript::Proxy_Function> &t_constructors,
+          const std::vector<std::pair<chaiscript::Proxy_Function, std::string>> &t_funcs)
+      {
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::user_type<Class>(), t_class_name); 
+
+        for(const chaiscript::Proxy_Function &ctor: t_constructors)
+        {
+          t_module.add(ctor, t_class_name);
+        }
+
+        for(const auto &fun: t_funcs)
+        {
+          t_module.add(fun.first, fun.second);
+        }
+      }
+
+    template<typename Enum, typename ModuleType>
+      typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, void>::type
+      add_class(ModuleType &t_module,
+        const std::string &t_class_name,
+        const std::vector<std::pair<typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type, std::string>> &t_constants)
+      {
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::user_type<Enum>(), t_class_name);
+
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::constructor<Enum ()>(), t_class_name);
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::constructor<Enum (const Enum &)>(), t_class_name);
+
+        t_module.add([](){
+              // add some comparison and assignment operators
+              using namespace chaiscript::bootstrap::operators;
+              return assign<Enum>(not_equal<Enum>(equal<Enum>()));
+            }());
+
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::fun([](const Enum &e, const typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type &i) { return e == i; }), "==");
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::fun([](const typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type &i, const Enum &e) { return i == e; }), "==");
+
+        for (const auto &constant : t_constants)
+        {
+          t_module.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(Enum(constant.first)), constant.second);
+        }
+      }
+  }
+}
+
+#endif
+

license.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-Copyright 2009 Jason and Jonathan Turner. All Rights Reserved.
+Copyright 2009-2015 Jason Turner
+Copyright 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner. 
+
+All Rights Reserved.
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 met:

msvc/chai-example/chai-example.vcproj

@@ -1,197 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="Windows-1252"?>
-<VisualStudioProject
-	ProjectType="Visual C++"
-	Version="9.00"
-	Name="chai-example"
-	ProjectGUID="{CE422E94-B360-4588-8C65-6A9BE80798F9}"
-	RootNamespace="chaiexample"
-	Keyword="Win32Proj"
-	TargetFrameworkVersion="196613"
-	>
-	<Platforms>
-		<Platform
-			Name="Win32"
-		/>
-	</Platforms>
-	<ToolFiles>
-	</ToolFiles>
-	<Configurations>
-		<Configuration
-			Name="Debug|Win32"
-			OutputDirectory="$(SolutionDir)$(ConfigurationName)"
-			IntermediateDirectory="$(ConfigurationName)"
-			ConfigurationType="1"
-			InheritedPropertySheets="..\chaiscript\Boost.vsprops"
-			CharacterSet="0"
-			>
-			<Tool
-				Name="VCPreBuildEventTool"
-			/>
-			<Tool
-				Name="VCCustomBuildTool"
-			/>
-			<Tool
-				Name="VCXMLDataGeneratorTool"
-			/>
-			<Tool
-				Name="VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool"
-			/>
-			<Tool
-				Name="VCMIDLTool"
-			/>
-			<Tool
-				Name="VCCLCompilerTool"
-				Optimization="0"
-				AdditionalIncludeDirectories="&quot;$(ProjectDir)\..\..\include&quot;"
-				PreprocessorDefinitions="WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE"
-				MinimalRebuild="true"
-				BasicRuntimeChecks="3"
-				RuntimeLibrary="3"
-				UsePrecompiledHeader="0"
-				WarningLevel="3"
-				DebugInformationFormat="4"
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msvc/chaiscript/Boost.vsprops

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msvc/chaiscript/chaiscript.sln

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msvc/chaiscript/chaiscript.vcproj

@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
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msvc/test_module/test_module.vcproj

@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
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readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+Master Status: [![Linux Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ChaiScript/ChaiScript.png?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ChaiScript/ChaiScript) [![Windows Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/6u3r4s81kkjqmsqw?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/lefticus/chaiscript) [![codecov.io](http://codecov.io/github/ChaiScript/ChaiScript/coverage.svg?branch=master)](http://codecov.io/github/ChaiScript/ChaiScript?branch=master)
+
+Develop Status: [![Linux Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ChaiScript/ChaiScript.png?branch=develop)](https://travis-ci.org/ChaiScript/ChaiScript) [![Windows Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/6u3r4s81kkjqmsqw/branch/develop?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/lefticus/chaiscript/branch/develop) [![codecov.io](http://codecov.io/github/ChaiScript/ChaiScript/coverage.svg?branch=develop)](http://codecov.io/github/ChaiScript/ChaiScript?branch=develop)
+
+<a href="https://scan.coverity.com/projects/5297">
+  <img alt="Coverity Scan Build Status"
+       src="https://img.shields.io/coverity/scan/5297.svg"/>
+</a>
+
+ChaiScript
+
+http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+(c) 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner
+(c) 2009-2015 Jason Turner
+
+Release under the BSD license, see "license.txt" for details.
+
+
+Introduction
+============
+
+[![Gitter](https://badges.gitter.im/Join Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/ChaiScript/ChaiScript?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
+
+ChaiScript is one of the only embedded scripting language designed from the 
+ground up to directly target C++ and take advantage of modern C++ development 
+techniques, working with the developer like he expects it to work.  Being a 
+native C++ application, it has some advantages over existing embedded scripting 
+languages:
+
+1. It uses a header-only approach, which makes it easy to integrate with 
+   existing projects.
+2. It maintains type safety between your C++ application and the user scripts.
+3. It supports a variety of C++ techniques including callbacks, overloaded 
+   functions, class methods, and stl containers.
+
+
+Requirements
+============
+
+ChaiScript requires a C++11 compiler to build with support for variadic 
+templates.  It has been tested with gcc 4.6 and clang 3.1 (with libcxx). MacOS 
+10.8 (Mountain Lion) is also known to support the C++11 build with Apple's 
+clang 4.0. MSVC 2013 or newer is supports also. For more information see the build 
+[dashboard](http://chaiscript.com/ChaiScript-BuildResults/index.html).
+
+Usage
+=====
+
+* Add the ChaiScript include directory to your project's header search path
+* Add `#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>` to your source file
+* Instantiate the ChaiScript engine in your application.  For example, create a 
+  new engine with the name `chai` like so: `chaiscript::ChaiScript chai`
+* The default behavior is to load the ChaiScript standard library from a 
+  loadable module. A second option is to compile the library into your code,
+  see below for an example.
+
+Once instantiated, the engine is ready to start running ChaiScript source.  You
+have two main options for processing ChaiScript source: a line at a time using 
+`chai.eval(string)` and a file at a time using `chai.eval_file(fname)`
+
+To make functions in your C++ code visible to scripts, they must be registered 
+with the scripting engine.  To do so, call add:
+
+    chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&my_function), "my_function_name");
+
+Once registered the function will be visible to scripts as "my_function_name"
+
+Examples
+========
+
+ChaiScript is similar to ECMAScript (aka JavaScript(tm)), but with some 
+modifications to make it easier to use.  For usage examples see the "samples" 
+directory, and for more in-depth look at the language, the unit tests in the 
+"unittests" directory cover the most ground.
+
+For examples of how to register parts of your C++ application, see 
+"example.cpp" in the "src" directory. Example.cpp is verbose and shows every 
+possible way of working with the library. For further documentation generate 
+the doxygen documentation in the build folder or see the website 
+http://www.chaiscript.com.
+
+
+The shortest complete example possible follows:
+
+    /// main.cpp
+
+    #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+
+    double function(int i, double j)
+    {
+      return i * j;
+    }
+
+    int main()
+    {
+      chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+      chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&function), "function");
+
+      double d = chai.eval<double>("function(3, 4.75);");
+    }
+
+
+
+Or, if you want to compile the std lib into your code, which reduces
+runtime requirements.
+
+    /// main.cpp
+
+    #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+    #include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
+
+    double function(int i, double j)
+    {
+      return i * j;
+    }
+
+    int main()
+    {
+      chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library());
+      chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&function), "function");
+
+      double d = chai.eval<double>("function(3, 4.75);");
+    }
+
+

readme.txt

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-ChaiScript v1.0 
-http://www.chaiscript.com
-(c) 2009 Jason Turner and Jonathan Turner
-Release under the BSD license, see "license.txt" for details.
-
-[Introduction]
-
-ChaiScript is one of the first (and perhaps only) embedded scripting language designed from the ground up to directly target C++.  Being a native C++ application, it has some advantages over existing embedded scripting languages:
-
-1) It uses a header-only approach, which makes it easy to integrate with existing projects.
-2) It maintains type safety between your C++ application and the user scripts.
-3) It supports a variety of C++ techniques including callbacks, overloaded functions, class methods, and stl containers.
-
-[Requirements]
-
-ChaiScript requires a recent version of Boost (http://www.boost.org) to build.
-
-[Usage]
-
-* Add the ChaiScript include directory to your project's header search path
-* Add "#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp> to your source file
-* Instantiate the ChaiScript engine in your application.  For example, create a new engine with the name 'chai' like so: "chaiscript::ChaiScript_Engine chai"
-
-Once instantiated, the engine is ready to start running ChaiScript source.  You have two main options for processing ChaiScript source: a line at a time using "chai.evaluate_string(string)" and a file at a time using "chai.evaluate_file(fname)"
-
-To make functions in your C++ code visible to scripts, they must be registered with the scripting engine.  To do so, call register_function:
-
-dispatchkit::register_function(chai.get_eval_engine(), &my_function, "my_function_name");
-
-Once registered the function will be visible to scripts as "my_function_name"
-
-[Examples]
-
-ChaiScript is similar to ECMAScript (aka JavaScript(tm)), but with some modifications to make it easier to use.  For usage examples see the "samples" directory, and for more in-depth look at the language, the unit tests in the "unittests" directory cover the most ground.
-
-For example of how to register parts of your C++ application, see "example.cpp" in the "src" directory.

releasenotes.md

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+Notes:
+=======
+Current Version: 5.7.1
+
+### Changes since 5.7.0
+* Build time reduction
+* Build size reduction
+* Performance increases
+* Fixed ~20 crash-bugs found with fuzzy testing #194
+  * Let unhandled exceptions propogate to user
+  * Report eval_error when break statement is not in loop
+  * Fix handling of 0 length scripts closes #193
+  * Don't crash on arity mismatch - Specifically affects the case where no overloads exist for a given function
+  * Fix error printing for `bind` calls
+  * Handle unexpected continue statement
+  * Check arity during bind
+  * Don't allow arith conversion on variadic function
+  * Correct `bind` parameter match count
+  * Add in expected Boxed_Value exception cases
+  * Check access to AST, don't allow `;` in func def
+  * Don't attempt arithmetic unary & call
+  * Don't crash on 0 param call to `bind`
+  * Catch errors during member function dispatch
+  * Properly handle type of const bool &
+* Automatic deduction of lambda type signatures
+* Work with non-polymorphic parent/child conversions
+* Move to codecov for coverage reporting
+* Add `.at` method for Map objects
+* Various corrections for support of move-only objects
+
+
+### Changes since 5.6.0
+
+* Significant code cleanups and reduction
+* Smaller builds
+* Faster compiles
+* Less runtime memory usage
+* ~2x faster runtimes
+* biicode support
+* method_missing feature added #164 @arBmind
+* Generic objects with dynamic properties support
+* Add ability to call functions contained in properties
+* Add lambda captures
+* Create [cheatsheet.md](cheatsheet.md) for all-in-one reference of features
+* Fix support for libc++
+* Eliminate clone of return value stored locally
+* Eliminate 'return' statements when last line of function
+* Reduce number of runtime exceptions occuring
+* Reduce copies / moves of return values. 
+* make `use` statement return value of last statement in file
+* Add ability to access fixed array sizes
+* Add support for scientific notation floating point literals #174  @totalgee
+
+
+### Changes since 5.5.1
+* Throw exception on integer divide by 0
+* Add optional type specification to function declarations
+   
+  ```
+  def func(int i, j, double k) {
+    // i must be an int.
+    // j can be anything
+    // k must be a double
+    // normal conversion rules still apply
+  }
+   ```
+* Many minor fixes for compiler warnings
+* Add support for `std::future` and `std::async`
+  ```
+  var f := async(someFunction);
+  var f2 := async(someFunction2);
+
+  // someFunction and someFunction2 are running in parallel now
+  f.get();
+  f2.get();
+  ```
+* Fully support r-value returns, supporting move-only objects and reducing object copies
+
+
+### Changes since 5.5.0
+* 30% performance increase
+* Fix handling of object stack, resulting in greatly reduced memory usage
+* Code cleanups
+
+### Changes since 5.4.0
+* 2x performance increase
+* Significant code cleanups
+* Throw exception if user attempts to call function on null object
+* Allow user defined type conversions
+* Fix object lifetime for nested function calls made at the global scope
+* Fix returning of boolean values from function calls
+
+
+### Changes since 5.3.1
+* Decreased compile time and build size
+* Make "reflection" module built in (losing some of the time / build size gains)
+* Add new "class" syntax for ChaiScript defined methods and attributes see: [unittests/class.chai](unittests/class.chai) for examples
+* Minor performance enhancements
+* major to_string performance enhancements
+* Provide API for retrieving registered type name #124
+* Added strong reference to container to range object #132
+
+
+### Changes since 5.3.0
+* Add automatic conversion of arithmetic return types, following the same
+  rules as conversion of arithmetic types when passing parameters
+* Add automatic casting up the inheritence hierarchy when possible.
+* Enable travis.ci testing
+* Allow users to add globals from within script
+* Various static analysis fixes
+* Code modernization to C++11
+* Unofficial support for Haiku added
+* Fix #121 - Inability to compile on cygwin
+* Formatting fixes and spelling corrections
+* Apply "include what you use" https://code.google.com/p/include-what-you-use/
+* Apply clang-modernize
+* Various threading fixes
+* Performance improvements
+
+### Changes since 5.2.0
+* Official support for MSVC with C++11. All major platforms and compilers are now support for C++11 release
+
+### Changes since 4.2.0
+* Enhanced unit tests
+* Add `continue` statement, fix various use cases for `for`  loops
+* Fix use of suffixed numbers in vector initialization
+* Code cleanups
+* Eliminate global data, which makes code more portable and thread safe
+* Fix issue #79
+* Merge pretty_print fixes from @mgee #82
+* Compiler warning fixes for latest compiler releases
+* Fix threading problems
+* Fix linking error on MacOS Mavericks #88
+* Allow non-const globals
+* Make sure user cannot name a variable with `::` in it #91
+* Fix various string / map / vector `size` and `count` calls for compilers which have weird overloads for them. #90 #93 #95
+* Make module search path relative to the currently running executable
+* Build and work with wstring windows builds
+* fix for some new line cases in the middle of a vector initialization from jespada
+
+### Changes since 5.1.0
+* Add support for automatic conversion of arithmetic types when possible
+  and when no ambiguous method dispatch exists.
+
+### Changes since 5.0.0
+* Fix sizing of numeric constants to match that of the C++ standard
+* Add support for u,ll,l,f suffixes for numeric constants
+* Siginificant improvement in error reporting
+
+### Changes since 4.0.0
+* Dropped boost in favor of C++11
+* Separated out stdlib to make more options for compile time improvements
+
+### Changes since 3.1.0
+* svenstaro: Unused variables and CMake consistency fixes
+* Added support for returning pointers from functions (#13)
+* Compile with -pedantic (#9)
+* Fix issues with multiple ChaiScript object types having the same attribute name (#15)
+* Prevent variable redeclaration in same scope (#22)
+* mgee: Boxed_Number improvements (#27)
+* Support switch statements (#34)
+* Fix uint16 comparions (#26)
+* Add ability to add const_var globals in Module objects (#14)
+* Add support for ternary operators ?:
+* Add headers to CMakeLists so they show up in IDEs
+* Add ability to get vector of defined objects and vector of defined functions
+* Fix memory leak in cyclical references
+* Clean up static analysis issues discovered
+* Fix vector construction to be consistent with map construction
+* Increased unit tests to 161
+* Performance enhancements
+
+### Changes since 3.0.0
+* Numeric operations performance increased approximately 10x
+* Looping operations performance increased up to 2x
+* Engine start up time decreased
+* Several parsing bugs related to index operators fixed
+* Added full support for all C algebraic types: double, long double, float, int, long, char,
+  uint8_t, uint16_t, uint32_t, uint64_t, int8_t, int16_t, int32_t, int64_t
+* Enhanced support for capturing of exceptions thrown from ChaiScript in C++
+
+### Changes since 2.3.3
+* Code simplifications
+* Fully integrate documentation with source code in doxygen style comments
+* Unit tests increased from 114 to 137
+* Automatic conversion between boost::function objects and ChaiScript functions 
+* Many bug fixes
+* Minor performance improvements
+* Namespace reorganization to make end user code more accessible
+* clang support
+* VisualStudio 2010 Support
+* Support for C++ base classes and automatic upcasting 
+* Remove __ reserved identifiers
+* Better code organization to reduce #ifdefs 
+* clanmills: command line options for chai eval
+* clanmills: parser cleanups and code reduction
+* Function introspection and reflection 
+* Correct function dispatch order to account for base classes and provide a defined order of dispatch 
+* Predictable object lifetime that emulates C++ stack lifetime
+* emarcotte: pkgconfig support
+* standardize on method/member naming and indentation
+* 64bit Visual Studio support
+* Better support for const objects
+* Drastic reduction of runtime exceptions - making debug builds orders of magnitude faster
+* Support for platforms with no loadable module support
+* Add helper macro for registering class 

run_unit_tests.sh

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-
-successes=0
-failures=0
-
-echo -n "Running unit tests"
-for file in unittests/*.chai
-do
-  tstname=${file%.*}
-	tst="$tstname.txt"
-	LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./chaiscript_eval $file > /tmp/tstout.txt
-	diff $tst /tmp/tstout.txt
-	if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]
-	then
-		echo -n "."
-		successes=$((successes+1))
-	else
-		echo "[from failed test $file]"
-		failures=$((failures+1))
-	fi
-done
-echo ""
-
-total=$((successes+failures))
-echo "$successes out of $total succeeded"

run_unit_tests_win.sh

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-successes=0
-failures=0
-
-echo -n "Running unit tests"
-for file in unittests/*.chai
-do
-  tstname=${file%.*}
-	tst="$tstname.txt"
-	./chaiscript_eval $file > /tmp/tstout.txt
-        cat $tst > /tmp/tstmaster.txt
-        awk 'sub("$", "\r")' $tst > /tmp/tstmaster.txt
-	diff /tmp/tstmaster.txt /tmp/tstout.txt
-	if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]
-	then
-		echo -n "."
-		successes=$((successes+1))
-	else
-		echo "[from failed test $file]"
-		failures=$((failures+1))
-	fi
-done
-echo ""
-
-total=$((successes+failures))
-echo "$successes out of $total succeeded"

samples/bind.chai

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-
-def add(x, y)
-{
-  return x + y;
-}
-
-var b = bind(add, 2, _);
-var c = bind(b, 3);
-
-print(b(4));
-print(c());
-
-
-def concat(a,b,c,d)
-{
-  return to_string(a) + to_string(b) + to_string(c) + to_string(d);
-}
-
-var d = bind(concat, _, " Hello ", _, " World ");
-print(d(1, 3));
-//This checks to make sure arity is handled correctly:
-//print(d(1, 3, 4));

samples/example.cpp

@@ -1,25 +1,24 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009, Jonathan Turner (jturner@minnow-lang.org)
-// and Jason Turner (lefticus@gmail.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2010, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// and Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #include <iostream>
+#include <ctime>
 
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp>
 #include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp>
-#include <boost/function.hpp>
-#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>
-#include <boost/regex.hpp>
 
 void log(const std::string &msg)
 {
-  std::cout << "[" << boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time() << "] " << msg << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "[" << time(nullptr) << "] " << msg << '\n';
 }
 
 void log(const std::string &module, const std::string &msg)
 {
-  std::cout << "[" << boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time() << "] <" << module << "> " << msg << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "[" << time(nullptr) << "] <" << module << "> " << msg << '\n';
 }
 
 void bound_log(const std::string &msg)
@@ -27,32 +26,32 @@ void bound_log(const std::string &msg)
   log(msg);
 }
 
-void hello_world(const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &o)
+void hello_world(const chaiscript::Boxed_Value & /*o*/)
 {
-  std::cout << "Hello World" << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "Hello World\n";
 }
 
-void hello_constructor(const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &o)
+void hello_constructor(const chaiscript::Boxed_Value & /*o*/)
 {
-  std::cout << "Hello Constructor" << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "Hello Constructor\n";
 }
 
 
 struct System
 {
-  std::map<std::string, boost::function<std::string (const std::string &) > > m_callbacks;
+  std::map<std::string, std::function<std::string (const std::string &) > > m_callbacks;
 
   void add_callback(const std::string &t_name, 
-      const chaiscript::Proxy_Function &t_func)
+      const std::function<std::string (const std::string &)> &t_func)
   {
-    m_callbacks[t_name] = chaiscript::functor<std::string (const std::string &)>(t_func);
+    m_callbacks[t_name] = t_func;
   }
 
 
   void do_callbacks(const std::string &inp)
   {
     log("Running Callbacks: " + inp);
-    for (std::map<std::string, boost::function<std::string (const std::string &)> >::iterator itr = m_callbacks.begin();
+    for (std::map<std::string, std::function<std::string (const std::string &)> >::iterator itr = m_callbacks.begin();
          itr != m_callbacks.end();
          ++itr)
     {
@@ -61,22 +60,23 @@ struct System
   }
 };
 
-void take_shared_ptr(const boost::shared_ptr<const std::string> &p)
+void take_shared_ptr(const std::shared_ptr<const std::string> &p)
 {
-  std::cout << *p << std::endl;
+  std::cout << *p << '\n';
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+int main(int /*argc*/, char * /*argv*/[]) {
   using namespace chaiscript;
 
   ChaiScript chai;
   
+
   //Create a new system object and share it with the chaiscript engine
   System system;
   chai.add(var(&system), "system");
 
   //Add a bound callback method
-  chai.add(fun(&System::add_callback, system), "add_callback_bound");
+  chai.add(fun(&System::add_callback, std::ref(system)), "add_callback_bound");
 
   //Register the two methods of the System structure.
   chai.add(fun(&System::add_callback), "add_callback");
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   // Let's use chaiscript to add a new lambda callback to our system. 
   // The function "{ 'Callback1' + x }" is created in chaiscript and passed into our C++ application
   // in the "add_callback" function of struct System the chaiscript function is converted into a 
-  // boost::function, so it can be handled and called easily and type-safely
+  // std::function, so it can be handled and called easily and type-safely
   chai.eval("system.add_callback(\"#1\", fun(x) { \"Callback1 \" + x });");
   
   // Because we are sharing the "system" object with the chaiscript engine we have equal
@@ -108,14 +108,14 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   // A shortcut to using eval is just to use the chai operator()
   chai("log(\"Test Module\", \"Test Message\");");
 
-  //Finally, it is possible to register any boost::function as a system function, in this 
+  //Finally, it is possible to register any std::function as a system function, in this 
   //way, we can, for instance add a bound member function to the system
-  chai.add(fun(&System::do_callbacks, boost::ref(system), std::string("Bound Test")), "do_callbacks");
+  chai.add(fun(&System::do_callbacks, std::ref(system), std::string("Bound Test")), "do_callbacks");
 
   //Call bound version of do_callbacks
   chai("do_callbacks()");
 
-  boost::function<void ()> caller = chai.functor<void ()>("fun() { system.do_callbacks(\"From Functor\"); }");
+  std::function<void ()> caller = chai.eval<std::function<void ()> >("fun() { system.do_callbacks(\"From Functor\"); }");
   caller();
 
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   //the templated version of eval:
   int i = chai.eval<int>("5+5");
 
-  std::cout << "5+5: " << i << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "5+5: " << i << '\n';
 
   //Add a new variable
   chai("var scripti = 15");
@@ -131,20 +131,22 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   //We can even get a handle to the variables in the system
   int &scripti = chai.eval<int &>("scripti");
 
-  std::cout << "scripti: " << scripti << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "scripti: " << scripti << '\n';
   scripti *= 2;
-  std::cout << "scripti (updated): " << scripti << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "scripti (updated): " << scripti << '\n';
   chai("print(\"Scripti from chai: \" + to_string(scripti))");
 
   //To do: Add examples of handling Boxed_Values directly when needed
 
-  //Creating a functor on the stack and using it immediatly 
-  int x = chai.functor<int (int, int)>("fun (x, y) { return x + y; }")(5, 6);
+  //Creating a functor on the stack and using it immediately 
+  int x = chai.eval<std::function<int (int, int)> >("fun (x, y) { return x + y; }")(5, 6);
 
-  log("Functor test output", boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(x));
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << x;
+  log("Functor test output", ss.str());
 
-  chai.add(var(boost::shared_ptr<int>()), "nullvar");
-  chai("print(\"This should be true.\"); print(nullvar.is_null())");
+  chai.add(var(std::shared_ptr<int>()), "nullvar");
+  chai("print(\"This should be true.\"); print(nullvar.is_var_null())");
 
   // test the global const action
   chai.add_global_const(const_var(1), "constvar");
@@ -154,7 +156,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
   //Ability to create our own container types when needed. std::vector and std::map are
   //mostly supported currently
-  chai.add(bootstrap::vector_type<std::vector<int> >("IntVector"));
+  chai.add(bootstrap::standard_library::vector_type<std::vector<int> >("IntVector"));
 
 
   // Test ability to register a function that excepts a shared_ptr version of a type
@@ -163,13 +165,13 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   chai.add(fun(&bound_log, std::string("Msg")), "BoundFun");
 
   //Dynamic objects test
-  chai.add(chaiscript::Proxy_Function(new Dynamic_Object_Function("TestType", fun(&hello_world))), "hello_world");
-  chai.add(chaiscript::Proxy_Function(new Dynamic_Object_Constructor("TestType", fun(&hello_constructor))), "TestType");
-  chai.add(fun(boost::function<Boxed_Value (Dynamic_Object &)>(boost::bind(&Dynamic_Object_Attribute::func, "TestType", "attr", _1))), "attr");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::Proxy_Function(new dispatch::detail::Dynamic_Object_Function("TestType", fun(&hello_world))), "hello_world");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::Proxy_Function(new dispatch::detail::Dynamic_Object_Constructor("TestType", fun(&hello_constructor))), "TestType");
+//  chai.add(fun(std::function<Boxed_Value (dispatch::Dynamic_Object &)>(std::bind(&dispatch::detail::Dynamic_Object_Attribute::func, "TestType", "attr", std::placeholders::_1))), "attr");
 
   chai.eval("var x = TestType()");
-  chai.eval("x.attr = \"hi\"");
-  chai.eval("print(x.attr)");
+//  chai.eval("x.attr = \"hi\"");
+//  chai.eval("print(x.attr)");
   chai.eval("x.hello_world()");
 }
 

samples/factory.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
+
+class Entity
+{
+  public:
+    int width;
+    int height;
+    int x;
+    int y;
+    std::string name;
+
+    std::function<void (Entity &)> updater;
+
+    Entity(const int t_width, const int t_height, const int t_x, const int t_y, std::string t_name)
+      : width(t_width), height(t_height), x(t_x), y(t_y), name(std::move(t_name))
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+class Factory
+{
+  public:
+    // we may as well pass the parameters for the entity to the factory method, this does the initialization
+    // in one step.
+    Entity *make_entity(const int width, const int height, const int x, const int y, const std::string &name)
+    {
+      auto entity = entities.insert({name, Entity{width, height, x, y, name}});
+      return &(entity.first->second);
+    }
+
+    Entity *get_entity(const std::string &name)
+    {
+      return &entities.at(name);
+    }
+
+
+    // loop over all entities and all their updater function (if it exists)
+    void update_entities()
+    {
+      for (auto &entity : entities)
+      {
+        if (entity.second.updater) {
+          entity.second.updater(entity.second);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+
+  private:
+    // we cannot store the entities in a std::vector if we want to return a pointer to them,
+    // because a vector automatically resizing itself can invalidate the pointer that was returned.
+    // using a map guarantees that the memory assigned to the entity will never change, plus
+    // lets us easily look up an entity by name
+    std::map<std::string, Entity> entities;
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::width), "width");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::height), "height");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::x), "x");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::y), "y");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::name), "name");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::updater), "updater");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<Entity>(), "Entity"); // this isn't strictly necessary but makes error messages nicer
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Factory::make_entity), "make_entity");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Factory::get_entity), "get_entity");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Factory::update_entities), "update_entities");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<Factory>(), "Factory"); // this isn't strictly necessary but makes error messages nicer
+
+
+  Factory f;
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(&f), "f");
+
+  std::string script = R""(
+    f.make_entity(10,10,1,1,"entity1").updater = fun(e){ e.x += 1; e.y += 1 };
+    f.make_entity(10,10,10,10,"entity2").updater = fun(e){ e.x += 2; e.y += 2 };
+    f.make_entity(10,10,20,20,"entity3");
+
+    print(f.get_entity("entity1").x == 1)
+    print(f.get_entity("entity2").x == 10)
+    print(f.get_entity("entity3").x == 20)
+
+    f.update_entities(); // this runs the function objects we set in the previous lines
+    // we should now see the updated values
+
+    print(f.get_entity("entity1").x == 2)
+    print(f.get_entity("entity2").x == 12)
+    print(f.get_entity("entity3").x == 20) // this one has no updater, so it stays the same
+    )"";
+
+
+  chai.eval(script);
+
+
+
+}
+
+