Merge branch 'develop' of github.com:ChaiScript/ChaiScript into develop

Add test to call base class methods through std::unique_ptr<derived>.

.travis.yml

@@ -1,33 +1,56 @@
 language: cpp
-compiler:
-  - gcc
-env:
-  matrix:
-    - GCC_VER="4.9"
-    - GCC_VER="5"
 
+
+addons:
+  apt:
+    sources: 
+      - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
+    packages:
+      - g++-4.9
+      - g++-5
+  coverity_scan:
+    project:
+      name: "ChaiScript/ChaiScript"
+      description: "Build submitted via Travis CI"
+    notification_email: jason@emptycrate.com
+    build_command_prepend: "cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug . "
+    build_command:   "cmake --build . -- -j2"
+    branch_pattern: coverity_scan
+      
+matrix:
+  include:
+    - os: linux
+      sudo: false
+      env: GCC_VER="4.9"
+      compiler: gcc
+    - os: linux
+      sudo: false
+      env: GCC_VER="5"
+      compiler: gcc
+    - os: osx
+      compiler: clang
+      osx_image: xcode8
+
+  
+env:
   global:
     - secure: eiaR6pXiiEpyB8+LLQ1NvZdl0Yylru1BLy9lMoHl+IpUNGGQGywmW/2WAn77rFfmR1OPA2qWQLfgPwgK0HxUA9HHlot9tre5QhiN2Lw8NOT8tCZ6tTm2+QntDBjBGJyal/knRvQkn/6qs6GxlXRerz4ArnnuPL1vESt3zwB0YtU=
     # The next declaration is the encrypted COVERITY_SCAN_TOKEN, created
     - secure: "LfolGjP8tWm3yAwthfu3yp8Zn40aueFae580UUR34gusG87cyglq2tQDtxdy+63gWEeNfArbv9n5rZv+bDW3ggHyPjuCKKc1PlZAy07lfXUXf1uz+SFhNvNoYTn3mQG3VZ08o116p4Le2p8yqu4bylJ8wckEq7PrTwvSGVQWTWM="
 
 before_install:
-  - export CXX="g++-$GCC_VER" CC="gcc-$GCC_VER" GCOV="gcov-$GCC_VER"
-  - if [ "$GCC_VER" = "5" ]; then export COVERAGE=1 CPPCHECK=1; fi
-  - if [ ${COVERAGE} = 1 ]; then export FUZZY_CMD="-D RUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE"; fi
-  - sudo pip install cpp-coveralls
-  - sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test -y
-  - sudo apt-get update
-  - sudo apt-get install -qq g++-$GCC_VER
+  - if [ "${GCC_VER}" != "" ]; then export CXX="g++-$GCC_VER" CC="gcc-$GCC_VER" GCOV="gcov-$GCC_VER" ; fi
+  - if [ "${GCC_VER}" == "5" ]; then export CPPCHECK=1 COVERAGE=1 FUZZY_CMD="-D RUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE" ; fi
+  - pip install --user cpp-coveralls
 
 script: 
-  - if [ ${COVERITY_SCAN_BRANCH} != 1 ]; then cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug $FUZZY_CMD . ; fi
-  - if [ ${COVERITY_SCAN_BRANCH} != 1 ]; then make -j2 ; fi
-  - make test
+  - cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug $FUZZY_CMD . 
+  - cmake --build . -- -j2
+  - ctest
   - if [ ${COVERAGE} = 1 ]; then bash <(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/codecov/codecov-bash/master/codecov) -x $GCOV -a "-s `pwd`" ; fi
 
-after_script:
-  - if [ ${CPPCHECK} = 1 ]; then contrib/codeanalysis/runcppcheck.sh ; fi
+#after_script:
+#  - if [ ${CPPCHECK} = 1 ]; then contrib/codeanalysis/runcppcheck.sh ; fi
 
 
 notifications:
@@ -42,15 +65,3 @@ notifications:
     on_success: change  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
     on_failure: always  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
     on_start: false     # default: false
-
-addons:
-  coverity_scan:
-    project:
-      name: "ChaiScript/ChaiScript"
-      description: "Build submitted via Travis CI"
-    notification_email: jason@emptycrate.com
-    build_command_prepend: "cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug . "
-    build_command:   "cmake --build . -- -j2"
-    branch_pattern: coverity_scan
-
-

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -249,27 +249,30 @@ set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
 set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
 set(CMAKE_MODULE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_MODULE_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
 
+add_library(stdlib STATIC static_libs/chaiscript_stdlib.cpp)
+add_library(parser STATIC static_libs/chaiscript_parser.cpp)
 
-add_library(chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} MODULE src/chaiscript_stdlib.cpp)
+add_library(chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} MODULE src/chaiscript_stdlib_module.cpp)
 target_link_libraries(chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} ${LIBS} ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
 
+set(CHAISCRIPT_LIBS stdlib parser)
+
 add_executable(chai src/main.cpp ${Chai_INCLUDES})
-target_link_libraries(chai ${LIBS})
-add_dependencies(chai chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION})
+target_link_libraries(chai ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
 
 if(BUILD_SAMPLES)
   add_executable(example samples/example.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(example ${LIBS})
   add_executable(test_num_exceptions samples/test_num_exceptions.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(test_num_exceptions ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(test_num_exceptions ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
   add_executable(memory_leak_test samples/memory_leak_test.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(memory_leak_test ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(memory_leak_test ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
   add_executable(inheritance samples/inheritance.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(inheritance ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(inheritance ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
   add_executable(factory samples/factory.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(factory ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(factory ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
   add_executable(fun_call_performance samples/fun_call_performance.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(fun_call_performance ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(fun_call_performance ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
 endif()
 
 
@@ -295,7 +298,7 @@ if (RUN_FUZZY_TESTS)
   file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests")
 
   execute_process(
-    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E tar xjf ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests-2015-07-16.tar.bz2
+    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E tar xjf ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests-2016-06-29.tar.bz2
     WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests
     )
 
@@ -421,7 +424,7 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
 
   if(NOT UNIT_TEST_LIGHT)
     add_executable(compiled_tests unittests/compiled_tests.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(compiled_tests ${LIBS})
+    target_link_libraries(compiled_tests ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
     ADD_CATCH_TESTS(compiled_tests)
 
 
@@ -434,11 +437,11 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
     add_test(NAME Type_Info_Test COMMAND type_info_test)
 
     add_executable(c_linkage_test unittests/c_linkage_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(c_linkage_test ${LIBS})
+    target_link_libraries(c_linkage_test ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
     add_test(NAME C_Linkage_Test COMMAND c_linkage_test)
 
     add_executable(integer_literal_test unittests/integer_literal_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(integer_literal_test ${LIBS})
+    target_link_libraries(integer_literal_test ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
     add_test(NAME Integer_Literal_Test COMMAND integer_literal_test)
 
     if(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)

DesignGoals.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Introduction
+
+This document outlines the principles that drive the development of ChaiScript. ChaiScript does not intent to be the perfect tool for *every* situation, but it does intend to be a good general purpose tool for *most* situations.
+
+# Goals
+
+1. Trivially easy to integrate with C++ projects
+2. 0 external depenencies
+3. "Perfect" integration with C++
+   * Direct mapping between ChaiScript objects and C++ objects
+   * Direct mapping between ChaiScript functions and C++ functions
+   * Direct mapping between ChaiScript exceptions and C++ exceptions
+3. Never surprise the C++ developer
+   * Object lifetimes managed by the stack
+   * Familiar syntax to C++ developers
+4. Perform "well enough" to not get in the way
+
+
+# Alternatives
+
+## Sol2
+
+If you are looking for the fastest performing scripting language and don't mind Lua, you might want to consider [sol2](https://github.com/ThePhD/sol2).
+
+## SWIG
+
+If you are looking for the most flexible solution to be able to support multiple target languages, consider [SWIG](http://swig.org)
+

cheatsheet.md

@@ -27,6 +27,13 @@ chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Class::method_name), "method_name");
 chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Class::member_name), "member_name");
 ```
 
+### Bound Member Functions
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Class::method_name, Class_instance_ptr), "method_name");
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Class::member_name, Class_instance_ptr), "member_name");
+```
+
 ### With Overloads 
 
 #### Preferred
@@ -84,6 +91,49 @@ chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<MyClass>(), "MyClass");
 
 User defined type conversions are possible, defined in either script or in C++.
 
+
+
+### ChaiScript Defined Conversions
+
+Function objects (including lambdas) can be used to add type conversions
+from inside of ChaiScript:
+
+```
+add_type_conversion(type("string"), type("Type_Info"), fun(s) { return type(s); });
+```
+
+### C++ Defined Conversions
+
+Invoking a C++ type conversion possible with `static_cast`
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::type_conversion<T, bool>());
+```
+
+Calling a user defined type conversion that takes a lambda
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::type_conversion<TestBaseType, Type2>([](const TestBaseType &t_bt) { /* return converted thing */ }));
+```
+
+### Class Hierarchies
+
+If you want objects to be convertable between base and derived classes, you must tell ChaiScritp about the relationship.
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<Base, Derived>());
+```
+
+If you have multiple classes in your inheritance graph, you will probably want to tell ChaiScript about all relationships.
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<Base, Derived>());
+chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<Derived, MoreDerived>());
+chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<Base, MoreDerived>());
+```
+
+### Helpers
+
 A helper function exists for strongly typed and ChaiScript `Vector` function conversion definition:
 
 ```
@@ -97,6 +147,7 @@ chai.add(chaiscript::map_conversion<std::map<std::string, int>>());
 ```
 
 
+
 This allows you to pass a ChaiScript function to a function requiring `std::vector<int>`
 
 ## Adding Objects
@@ -111,6 +162,7 @@ chai.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(somevar), "somevar"); // global cons
 chai.add_global(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // global non-const, throws if object exists
 chai.set_global(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // global non-const, overwrites existing object
 ```
+
 # Using STL
 ChaiScript recognize many types from STL, but you have to add specific instantiation yourself.
 
@@ -170,7 +222,7 @@ Conversion to `std::shared_ptr<T> &` is supported for function calls, but if you
 ```cpp
 // ok this is supported, you can register it with chaiscript engine
 void nullify_shared_ptr(std::shared_ptr<int> &t) {
-  t == nullptr
+  t = nullptr
 }
 ```
 
@@ -260,6 +312,44 @@ if (g2.is_var_undef()) { g2 = 4; } // only initialize g2 once, if global decl hi
 GLOBAL g3; // all upper case version also accepted
 ```
 
+## Looping
+
+```
+// c-style for loops
+for (var i = 0; i < 100; ++i) { print(i); }
+```
+
+```
+// while
+while (some_condition()) { /* do something */ }
+```
+
+```
+// ranged for
+for (x : [1,2,3]) { print(i); }
+```
+
+Each of the loop styles can be broken using the `break` statement. For example:
+
+```
+while (some_condition()) {
+  /* do something */
+  if (another_condition()) { break; }
+}
+```
+
+## Conditionals
+
+```
+if (expression) { }
+```
+
+```
+// C++17-style init-if blocks
+// Value of 'statement' is scoped for entire `if` block
+if (statement; expression) { }
+```
+
 ## Built in Types
 
 ```
@@ -418,9 +508,33 @@ the contained function.
 
 If both a 2 parameter and a 3 parameter signature match, the 3 parameter function always wins.
 
+## Context
+
+ * `__LINE__` Current file line number
+ * `__FILE__` Full path of current file
+ * `__CLASS__` Name of current class
+ * `__FUNC__` Mame of current function
+
 
 # Built In Functions
 
+## Disabling Built-Ins
+
+When constructing a ChaiScript object, a vector of parameters can be passed in to disable or enable various built-in methods.
+
+Current options:
+
+```
+enum class Options
+{
+  Load_Modules,
+  No_Load_Modules,
+  External_Scripts,
+  No_External_Scripts
+};
+```
+
+
 ## Evaluation
 
 ```
@@ -432,4 +546,7 @@ use("filename") // evals file exactly once and returns value of last statement
 
 Both `use` and `eval_file` search the 'usepaths' passed to the ChaiScript constructor
 
+## JSON
 
+ * `from_json` converts a JSON string into its strongly typed (map, vector, int, double, string) representations
+ * `to_json` converts a ChaiScript object (either a `Object` or one of map, vector, int, double, string) tree into its JSON string representation

contrib/codeanalysis/runcppcheck.sh

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ pushd ..
 wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/cppcheck/files/cppcheck/1.66/cppcheck-1.66.tar.bz2
 tar -xvf cppcheck-1.66.tar.bz2
 cd cppcheck-1.66
-CXX=g++-4.8 make -j2
+make -j2
 popd
 ../cppcheck-1.66/cppcheck --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr --suppress=missingIncludeSystem --std=c++11 --platform=unix64 src/main.cpp src/chai*.cpp --template ' - __{severity}__: [{file}:{line}](../blob/TRAVIS_COMMIT/{file}#L{line}) {message} ({id})'  2>output
 sed -i "s/TRAVIS_COMMIT/${TRAVIS_COMMIT}/g" output

contrib/sublimetext/ChaiScript.YAML-tmLanguage

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-# [PackageDev] target_format: plist, ext: tmLanguage
----
-comment: 'ChaiScript Syntax: version 2.0'
-fileTypes: [chai]
-firstLineMatch: ^#!/usr/bin/env node
-foldingStartMarker: ^.*\bdef\s*(\w+\s*)?\([^\)]*\)(\s*\{[^\}]*)?\s*$
-foldingStopMarker: ^\s*\}
-keyEquivalent: ^~J
-name: ChaiScript
-patterns:
-- {comment: chaiscript shebang, match: ^#, name: comment.line.chai}
-- {match: '\b((0(x|X)[0-9a-fA-F]+)|([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?))\b', name: constant.numeric.chai}
-- begin: ''''
-  beginCaptures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai}
-  end: ''''
-  endCaptures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.end.chai}
-  name: string.quoted.single.chai
-  patterns:
-  - {match: '\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]?|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)', name: constant.character.escape.chai}
-- begin: '"'
-  beginCaptures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai}
-  end: '"'
-  endCaptures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.end.chai}
-  name: string.quoted.double.chai
-  patterns:
-  - {match: '\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)', name: constant.character.escape.chai}
-- begin: /\*\*(?!/)
-  captures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
-  end: \*/
-  name: comment.block.documentation.chai
-- begin: /\*
-  captures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
-  end: \*/
-  name: comment.block.chai
-- captures:
-    '1': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
-  match: (//).*$\n?
-  name: comment.line.double-slash.chai
-- captures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai}
-    '2': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai}
-  match: (<!--|-->)
-  name: comment.block.html.chai
-- {match: \b(boolean|byte|char|class|double|enum|float|fun|def|int|interface|long|short|var|auto|attr)\b,
-  name: storage.type.chai}
-- {match: \b(break|case|catch|continue|default|do|else|finally|else if|for|goto|if|return|switch|throw|try|while)\b,
-  name: keyword.control.chai}
-- {match: \b(delete|in|instanceof|new|typeof|with)\b, name: keyword.operator.chai}
-- {match: \btrue\b, name: constant.language.boolean.true.chai}
-- {match: \bfalse\b, name: constant.language.boolean.false.chai}
-- {match: \bnull\b, name: constant.language.null.chai}
-- {match: \b(Anchor|Applet|Area|Array|Boolean|Button|Checkbox|Date|document|event|FileUpload|Form|Frame|Function|Hidden|History|Image|JavaArray|JavaClass|JavaObject|JavaPackage|java|Layer|Link|Location|Math|MimeType|Number|navigator|netscape|Object|Option|Packages|Password|Plugin|Radio|RegExp|Reset|Select|String|Style|Submit|screen|sun|Text|Textarea|window|XMLHttpRequest)\b,
-  name: support.class.chai}
-- {match: '\b(s(h(ift|ow(Mod(elessDialog|alDialog)|Help))|croll(X|By(Pages|Lines)?|Y|To)?|t(op|rike)|i(n|zeToContent|debar|gnText)|ort|u(p|b(str(ing)?)?)|pli(ce|t)|e(nd|t(Re(sizable|questHeader)|M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Ho(tKeys|urs)|Year|Cursor|Time(out)?|Interval|ZOptions|Date|UTC(M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Hours|Date|FullYear)|FullYear|Active)|arch)|qrt|lice|avePreferences|mall)|h(ome|andleEvent)|navigate|c(har(CodeAt|At)|o(s|n(cat|textual|firm)|mpile)|eil|lear(Timeout|Interval)?|a(ptureEvents|ll)|reate(StyleSheet|Popup|EventObject))|t(o(GMTString|S(tring|ource)|U(TCString|pperCase)|Lo(caleString|werCase))|est|a(n|int(Enabled)?))|i(s(NaN|Finite)|ndexOf|talics)|d(isableExternalCapture|ump|etachEvent)|u(n(shift|taint|escape|watch)|pdateCommands)|j(oin|avaEnabled)|p(o(p|w)|ush|lugins.refresh|a(ddings|rse(Int|Float)?)|r(int|ompt|eference))|e(scape|nableExternalCapture|val|lementFromPoint|x(p|ec(Script|Command)?))|valueOf|UTC|queryCommand(State|Indeterm|Enabled|Value)|f(i(nd|le(ModifiedDate|Size|CreatedDate|UpdatedDate)|xed)|o(nt(size|color)|rward)|loor|romCharCode)|watch|l(ink|o(ad|g)|astIndexOf)|a(sin|nchor|cos|t(tachEvent|ob|an(2)?)|pply|lert|b(s|ort))|r(ou(nd|teEvents)|e(size(By|To)|calc|turnValue|place|verse|l(oad|ease(Capture|Events)))|andom)|g(o|et(ResponseHeader|M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Se(conds|lection)|Hours|Year|Time(zoneOffset)?|Da(y|te)|UTC(M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Hours|Da(y|te)|FullYear)|FullYear|A(ttention|llResponseHeaders)))|m(in|ove(B(y|elow)|To(Absolute)?|Above)|ergeAttributes|a(tch|rgins|x))|b(toa|ig|o(ld|rderWidths)|link|ack))\b(?=\()',
-  name: support.function.chai}
-- {match: '\b(s(ub(stringData|mit)|plitText|e(t(NamedItem|Attribute(Node)?)|lect))|has(ChildNodes|Feature)|namedItem|c(l(ick|o(se|neNode))|reate(C(omment|DATASection|aption)|T(Head|extNode|Foot)|DocumentFragment|ProcessingInstruction|E(ntityReference|lement)|Attribute))|tabIndex|i(nsert(Row|Before|Cell|Data)|tem)|open|delete(Row|C(ell|aption)|T(Head|Foot)|Data)|focus|write(ln)?|a(dd|ppend(Child|Data))|re(set|place(Child|Data)|move(NamedItem|Child|Attribute(Node)?)?)|get(NamedItem|Element(sBy(Name|TagName)|ById)|Attribute(Node)?)|blur)\b(?=\()',
-  name: support.function.dom.chai}
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-			<string>keyword.operator.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\b(Infinity|NaN|undefined)\b</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>constant.language.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>begin</key>
-			<string>(?&lt;=[=(:]|^|return|&amp;&amp;|\|\||!)\s*(/)(?![/*+{}?])</string>
-			<key>beginCaptures</key>
-			<dict>
-				<key>1</key>
-				<dict>
-					<key>name</key>
-					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai</string>
-				</dict>
-			</dict>
-			<key>end</key>
-			<string>(/)[igm]*</string>
-			<key>endCaptures</key>
-			<dict>
-				<key>1</key>
-				<dict>
-					<key>name</key>
-					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.chai</string>
-				</dict>
-			</dict>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>string.regexp.chai</string>
-			<key>patterns</key>
-			<array>
-				<dict>
-					<key>match</key>
-					<string>\\.</string>
-					<key>name</key>
-					<string>constant.character.escape.chai</string>
-				</dict>
-			</array>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\;</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>punctuation.terminator.statement.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>,[ |\t]*</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.delimiter.object.comma.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\.</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.delimiter.method.period.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\{|\}</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.brace.curly.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\(|\)</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.brace.round.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\[|\]</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.brace.square.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-	</array>
-	<key>scopeName</key>
-	<string>source.chai</string>
-	<key>uuid</key>
-	<string>93E017CC-6F27-11D9-90EB-000D93589AF6</string>
-</dict>
-</plist>

include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HPP_
 
@@ -65,7 +69,7 @@
 /// int main()
 /// {
 ///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-///   chai.add(&function, "function");
+///   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&function), "function");
 ///
 ///   double d = chai.eval<double>("function(3, 4.75);");
 /// } 
@@ -816,16 +820,26 @@
 /// @namespace chaiscript::detail
 /// @brief Classes and functions reserved for internal use. Items in this namespace are not supported.
 
-#include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
-
-#include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/function_call.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp"
-
-#include "language/chaiscript_eval.hpp"
-#include "language/chaiscript_engine.hpp"
+#include "chaiscript_basic.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+#include "chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
 
 
+namespace chaiscript 
+{
+  class ChaiScript : public ChaiScript_Basic
+  {
+    public:
+      ChaiScript(std::vector<std::string> t_modulepaths = {},
+          std::vector<std::string> t_usepaths = {},
+          const std::vector<Options> &t_opts = {})
+        : ChaiScript_Basic(
+            chaiscript::Std_Lib::library(),
+            std::make_unique<parser::ChaiScript_Parser<eval::Noop_Tracer, optimizer::Optimizer_Default>>(),
+            t_modulepaths, t_usepaths, t_opts)
+        {
+        }
+  };
+}
 
 #endif /* CHAISCRIPT_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BASIC_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_BASIC_HPP_
+
+#include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+
+#include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/function_call.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp"
+
+#include "language/chaiscript_eval.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_engine.hpp"
+
+// This file includes all of the basic requirements for ChaiScript,
+// to use, you might do something like:
+//
+
+/*
+
+#include "chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+
+ChaiScript_Basic chai(
+          chaiscript::Std_Lib::library(),
+          std::make_unique<parser::ChaiScript_Parser<eval::Noop_Tracer, optimizer::Optimizer_Default>>());
+
+*/
+
+// If you want a fully packaged ready to go ChaiScript, use chaiscript.hpp
+
+
+
+#endif /* CHAISCRIPT_BASIC_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_defines.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DEFINES_HPP_
@@ -9,9 +9,13 @@
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 #define CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE(x) "" #x
-#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE(_MSC_FULL_VER)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE_EXPANDED(x) CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE(x)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE_EXPANDED(_MSC_FULL_VER)
 #define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC _MSC_VER
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_DECLSPEC
+
+static_assert(_MSC_FULL_VER >= 190024210, "Visual C++ 2015 Update 3 or later required");
+
 #else
 #define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION __VERSION__
 #endif
@@ -44,10 +48,6 @@
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#if defined(CHAISCRIPT_MSVC) ||  (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 8) || (defined(__llvm__) && !defined(CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP))
-/// \todo Make this support other compilers when possible
-#define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL
-#endif
 
 #if defined(__llvm__)
 #define CHAISCRIPT_CLANG
@@ -60,6 +60,10 @@
 #define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" 
 #endif
 
+#if defined(CHAISCRIPT_MSVC) || (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 5) || defined(CHAISCRIPT_CLANG)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_UTF16_UTF32
+#endif
+
 #ifdef _DEBUG
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DEBUG true
 #else
@@ -137,18 +141,11 @@ namespace chaiscript {
   };
 
 
-  template<typename Iter, typename Distance>
-    Iter advance_copy(Iter iter, Distance distance) {
-      std::advance(iter, static_cast<typename std::iterator_traits<Iter>::difference_type>(distance));
-      return iter;
-    }
-
-
   template<typename T>
     auto parse_num(const char *t_str) -> typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, T>::type
     {
       T t = 0;
-      for (char c = *t_str; (c = *t_str); ++t_str) {
+      for (char c = *t_str; (c = *t_str) != 0; ++t_str) {
         if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
           return t;
         }
@@ -209,6 +206,18 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       return parse_num<T>(t_str.c_str());
     }
 
+  enum class Options
+  {
+    No_Load_Modules,
+    Load_Modules,
+    No_External_Scripts,
+    External_Scripts
+  };
+
+  static inline std::vector<Options> default_options()
+  {
+    return {Options::Load_Modules, Options::External_Scripts};
+  }
 }
 #endif
 

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 #include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
 #include "language/chaiscript_common.hpp"
 
+#include "dispatchkit/function_call.hpp"
+
 //#include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/operators.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp"
@@ -42,8 +44,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       static ModulePtr library()
       {
- //       using namespace bootstrap;
-
         auto lib = std::make_shared<Module>();
         bootstrap::Bootstrap::bootstrap(*lib);
 

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
 
@@ -57,7 +61,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       using std::recursive_mutex;
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL
       /// Typesafe thread specific storage. If threading is enabled, this class uses a mutex protected map. If
       /// threading is not enabled, the class always returns the same data, regardless of which thread it is called from.
       template<typename T>
@@ -106,69 +109,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
             }
         };
 
-#else
-
-#pragma message ("Threading without thread_local support is not well supported.")
-
-
-      /// Typesafe thread specific storage. If threading is enabled, this class uses a mutex protected map. If
-      /// threading is not enabled, the class always returns the same data, regardless of which thread it is called from.
-      /// 
-      /// This version is used if the compiler does not support thread_local
-      template<typename T>
-        class Thread_Storage
-        {
-          public:
-
-            explicit Thread_Storage(void *)
-            {
-            }
-
-            inline const T *operator->() const
-            {
-              return get_tls().get();
-            }
-
-            inline const T &operator*() const
-            {
-              return *get_tls();
-            }
-
-            inline T *operator->()
-            {
-              return get_tls().get();
-            }
-
-            inline T &operator*()
-            {
-              return *get_tls();
-            }
-
-
-          private:
-            /// \todo this leaks thread instances. It needs to be culled from time to time
-            std::shared_ptr<T> get_tls() const
-            {
-              unique_lock<mutex> lock(m_mutex);
-
-              const auto id = std::this_thread::get_id();
-              auto itr = m_instances.find(id);
-
-              if (itr != m_instances.end()) { return itr->second; }
-
-              std::shared_ptr<T> new_instance(std::make_shared<T>());
-
-              m_instances.insert(std::make_pair(id, new_instance));
-
-              return new_instance;
-            }
-
-
-            mutable mutex m_mutex;
-            mutable std::unordered_map<std::thread::id, std::shared_ptr<T> > m_instances;
-        };
-#endif // threading enabled but no tls
-
 #else // threading disabled
       template<typename T>
       class unique_lock 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/any.hpp

@@ -21,10 +21,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       class bad_any_cast : public std::bad_cast
       {
         public:
-          bad_any_cast() noexcept
-            : m_what("bad any cast")
-          {
-          }
+          bad_any_cast() = default;
 
           bad_any_cast(const bad_any_cast &) = default;
 
@@ -37,7 +34,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
           }
 
         private:
-          std::string m_what;
+          std::string m_what = "bad any cast";
       };
     }
   
@@ -75,7 +72,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
             {
             }
 
-            virtual void *data() override
+            void *data() override
             {
               return &m_data;
             }
@@ -151,8 +148,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
 
         const std::type_info & type() const
         {
-          if (m_data)
-          {
+          if (m_data) {
             return m_data->type();
           } else {
             return typeid(void);

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BAD_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BAD_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 
@@ -31,31 +35,31 @@ namespace chaiscript
       public:
         bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to,
             std::string t_what) noexcept
-          : from(std::move(t_from)), to(&t_to), m_what(std::move(t_what))
+          : from(t_from), to(&t_to), m_what(std::move(t_what))
         {
         }
 
         bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to)
-          : from(std::move(t_from)), to(&t_to), m_what("Cannot perform boxed_cast: " + t_from.name() + " to: " + t_to.name())
+          : from(t_from), to(&t_to), m_what("Cannot perform boxed_cast: " + t_from.name() + " to: " + t_to.name())
         {
         }
 
         explicit bad_boxed_cast(std::string t_what) noexcept
-          : to(nullptr), m_what(std::move(t_what))
+          : m_what(std::move(t_what))
         {
         }
 
         bad_boxed_cast(const bad_boxed_cast &) = default;
-        virtual ~bad_boxed_cast() noexcept = default;
+        ~bad_boxed_cast() noexcept override = default;
 
         /// \brief Description of what error occurred
-        virtual const char * what() const noexcept override
+        const char * what() const noexcept override
         {
           return m_what.c_str();
         }
 
         Type_Info from; ///< Type_Info contained in the Boxed_Value
-        const std::type_info *to; ///< std::type_info of the desired (but failed) result type
+        const std::type_info *to = nullptr; ///< std::type_info of the desired (but failed) result type
 
       private:
         std::string m_what;

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BIND_FIRST_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BIND_FIRST_HPP_
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_HPP_
 
@@ -15,18 +19,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// \brief Classes and functions useful for bootstrapping of ChaiScript and adding of new types
   namespace bootstrap
   {
-    namespace detail
-    {
-      /// \brief Constructs a new POD value object from a Boxed_Number
-      /// \param[in] v Boxed_Number to copy into the new object
-      /// \returns The newly created object.
-      template<typename P1>
-      std::shared_ptr<P1> construct_pod(const Boxed_Number &v)
-      {
-        return std::make_shared<P1>(v.get_as<P1>());
-      }
-    }
-
     template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_array<T>::value>::type >
       void array(const std::string &type, Module& m)
       {
@@ -110,7 +102,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     template<typename T>
     void construct_pod(const std::string &type, Module& m)
     {
-      m.add(fun(&detail::construct_pod<T>), type);
+      m.add(fun([](const Boxed_Number &bn){ return bn.get_as<T>(); }), type);
     }
 
 
@@ -161,15 +153,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// for handling of Proxy_Function object (that is,
     /// function variables.
     template<typename Type>
-    std::shared_ptr<Type> shared_ptr_clone(const std::shared_ptr<Type> &p)
+    auto shared_ptr_clone(const std::shared_ptr<Type> &p)
     {
       return p;
     }
 
     /// Specific version of shared_ptr_clone just for Proxy_Functions
     template<typename Type>
-    std::shared_ptr<typename std::remove_const<Type>::type> 
-        shared_ptr_unconst_clone(const std::shared_ptr<typename std::add_const<Type>::type> &p)
+    std::shared_ptr<typename std::remove_const<Type>::type> shared_ptr_unconst_clone(const std::shared_ptr<typename std::add_const<Type>::type> &p)
     {
       return std::const_pointer_cast<typename std::remove_const<Type>::type>(p);
     }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 /// \file
 /// This file contains utility functions for registration of STL container
 /// classes. The methodology used is based on the SGI STL concepts.
@@ -37,11 +41,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Bidir_Range, based on the D concept of ranges.
       /// \todo Update the Range code to base its capabilities on
       ///       the user_typetraits of the iterator passed in
-      template<typename Container>
+      template<typename Container, typename IterType>
         struct Bidir_Range
         {
           typedef Container container_type;
-          typedef typename std::iterator_traits<typename Container::iterator>::reference reference_type;
 
           Bidir_Range(Container &c)
             : m_begin(c.begin()), m_end(c.end())
@@ -71,86 +74,28 @@ namespace chaiscript
             --m_end;
           }
 
-          reference_type front() const
+          decltype(auto) front() const
           {
             if (empty())
             {
               throw std::range_error("Range empty");
             }
-            return *m_begin;
+            return (*m_begin);
           }
 
-          reference_type back() const
+          decltype(auto) back() const
           {
             if (empty())
             {
               throw std::range_error("Range empty");
             }
-            typename Container::iterator pos = m_end;
+            auto pos = m_end;
             --pos;
-            return *(pos);
+            return (*(pos));
           }
 
-          typename Container::iterator m_begin;
-          typename Container::iterator m_end;
-        };
-
-      template<typename Container>
-        struct Const_Bidir_Range
-        {
-          typedef const Container container_type;
-          typedef typename std::iterator_traits<typename Container::const_iterator>::reference const_reference_type;
-
-          Const_Bidir_Range(const Container &c)
-            : m_begin(c.begin()), m_end(c.end())
-          {
-          }
-
-          bool empty() const
-          {
-            return m_begin == m_end;
-          }
-
-          void pop_front()
-          {
-            if (empty())
-            {
-              throw std::range_error("Range empty");
-            }
-            ++m_begin;
-          }
-
-          void pop_back()
-          {
-            if (empty())
-            {
-              throw std::range_error("Range empty");
-            }
-            --m_end;
-          }
-
-          const_reference_type front() const
-          {
-            if (empty())
-            {
-              throw std::range_error("Range empty");
-            }
-            return *m_begin;
-          }
-
-          const_reference_type back() const
-          {
-            if (empty())
-            {
-              throw std::range_error("Range empty");
-            }
-            typename Container::const_iterator pos = m_end;
-            --pos;
-            return *(pos);
-          }
-
-          typename Container::const_iterator m_begin;
-          typename Container::const_iterator m_end;
+          IterType m_begin;
+          IterType m_end;
         };
 
       namespace detail {
@@ -230,8 +175,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       template<typename ContainerType>
         void input_range_type(const std::string &type, Module& m)
         {
-          detail::input_range_type_impl<Bidir_Range<ContainerType> >(type,m);
-          detail::input_range_type_impl<Const_Bidir_Range<ContainerType> >("Const_" + type, m);
+          detail::input_range_type_impl<Bidir_Range<ContainerType, typename ContainerType::iterator> >(type,m);
+          detail::input_range_type_impl<Bidir_Range<const ContainerType, typename ContainerType::const_iterator> >("Const_" + type,m);
         }
       template<typename ContainerType>
         ModulePtr input_range_type(const std::string &type)
@@ -482,12 +427,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           m.add(user_type<PairType>(), type);
 
-
-          typename PairType::first_type PairType::* f = &PairType::first;
-          typename PairType::second_type PairType::* s = &PairType::second;
-
-          m.add(fun(f), "first");
-          m.add(fun(s), "second");
+          m.add(fun(&PairType::first), "first");
+          m.add(fun(&PairType::second), "second");
 
           basic_constructors<PairType>(type, m);
           m.add(constructor<PairType (const typename PairType::first_type &, const typename PairType::second_type &)>(), type);
@@ -605,7 +546,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
 
-      /// hopefully working List type
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/List.html
       template<typename ListType>
         void list_type(const std::string &type, Module& m)

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
 
@@ -25,7 +29,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     template<typename T>
       T* throw_if_null(T *t)
       {
-        if (t) return t;
+        if (t) { return t; }
         throw std::runtime_error("Attempted to dereference null Boxed_Value");
       }
 
@@ -135,6 +139,50 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
       };
 
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a && type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &&>
+      {
+        static Result&& cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
+        {
+          return std::move(*static_cast<Result *>(verify_type(ob, typeid(Result), ob.get_ptr())));
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::unique_ptr<> && type
+    /// \todo Fix the fact that this has to be in a shared_ptr for now
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::unique_ptr<Result> &&>
+      {
+        static std::unique_ptr<Result> &&cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
+        {
+          return std::move(*(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<std::unique_ptr<Result>>>()));
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::unique_ptr<> & type
+    /// \todo Fix the fact that this has to be in a shared_ptr for now
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::unique_ptr<Result> &>
+      {
+        static std::unique_ptr<Result> &cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
+        {
+          return *(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<std::unique_ptr<Result>>>());
+        }
+      };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::unique_ptr<> & type
+    /// \todo Fix the fact that this has to be in a shared_ptr for now
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::unique_ptr<Result> &>
+      {
+        static std::unique_ptr<Result> &cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
+        {
+          return *(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<std::unique_ptr<Result>>>());
+        }
+      };
+
+
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::shared_ptr<> type
     template<typename Result>
       struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> >

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_NUMERIC_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_NUMERIC_HPP_
 
@@ -28,9 +31,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
   {
     struct arithmetic_error : std::runtime_error
     {
-      arithmetic_error(const std::string& reason) : std::runtime_error("Arithmetic error: " + reason) {}
+      explicit arithmetic_error(const std::string& reason) : std::runtime_error("Arithmetic error: " + reason) {}
       arithmetic_error(const arithmetic_error &) = default;
-      virtual ~arithmetic_error() noexcept = default;
+      ~arithmetic_error() noexcept override = default;
     };
   }
 }
@@ -585,6 +588,67 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       }
 
+      template<typename Source, typename Target> 
+      static void check_type()
+      {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+// MSVC complains about this being redundant / tautologica l
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4127 6287)
+#endif
+        if (sizeof(Source) != sizeof(Target)
+            || std::is_signed<Source>() != std::is_signed<Target>()
+            || std::is_floating_point<Source>() != std::is_floating_point<Target>())
+        {
+          throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+        }
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+      }
+
+      template<typename Target> Target get_as_checked() const
+      {
+        switch (get_common_type(bv)) {
+          case Common_Types::t_int32:
+            check_type<int32_t, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, int32_t>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_uint8:
+            check_type<uint8_t, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, uint8_t>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_int8:
+            check_type<int8_t, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, int8_t>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_uint16:
+            check_type<uint16_t, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, uint16_t>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_int16:
+            check_type<int16_t, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, int16_t>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_uint32:
+            check_type<uint32_t, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, uint32_t>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_uint64:
+            check_type<uint64_t, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, uint64_t>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_int64:
+            check_type<int64_t, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, int64_t>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_double:
+            check_type<double, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, double>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_float:
+            check_type<float, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, float>(bv);
+          case Common_Types::t_long_double:
+            check_type<long double, Target>();
+            return get_as_aux<Target, long double>(bv);
+        }
+
+        throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+      }
+
+
       template<typename Target> Target get_as() const
       {
         switch (get_common_type(bv)) {

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_VALUE_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_VALUE_HPP_
 
@@ -35,11 +39,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         Data(const Type_Info &ti,
             chaiscript::detail::Any to,
-            bool tr,
+            bool is_ref,
             const void *t_void_ptr,
             bool t_return_value)
           : m_type_info(ti), m_obj(std::move(to)), m_data_ptr(ti.is_const()?nullptr:const_cast<void *>(t_void_ptr)), m_const_data_ptr(t_void_ptr),
-            m_is_ref(tr), m_return_value(t_return_value)
+            m_is_ref(is_ref), m_return_value(t_return_value)
         {
         }
 
@@ -54,7 +58,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           if (rhs.m_attrs)
           {
-            m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>(*rhs.m_attrs));
+            m_attrs = std::make_unique<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(*rhs.m_attrs);
           }
 
           return *this;
@@ -77,7 +81,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       struct Object_Data
       {
-        static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(Boxed_Value::Void_Type, bool t_return_value)
+        static auto get(Boxed_Value::Void_Type, bool t_return_value)
         {
           return std::make_shared<Data>(
                 detail::Get_Type_Info<void>::get(),
@@ -89,13 +93,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const std::shared_ptr<T> *obj, bool t_return_value)
+          static auto get(const std::shared_ptr<T> *obj, bool t_return_value)
           {
             return get(*obj, t_return_value);
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const std::shared_ptr<T> &obj, bool t_return_value)
+          static auto get(const std::shared_ptr<T> &obj, bool t_return_value)
           {
             return std::make_shared<Data>(
                   detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), 
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(std::shared_ptr<T> &&obj, bool t_return_value)
+          static auto get(std::shared_ptr<T> &&obj, bool t_return_value)
           {
             auto ptr = obj.get();
             return std::make_shared<Data>(
@@ -119,21 +123,23 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 );
           }
 
+
+
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(T *t, bool t_return_value)
+          static auto get(T *t, bool t_return_value)
           {
             return get(std::ref(*t), t_return_value);
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const T *t, bool t_return_value)
+          static auto get(const T *t, bool t_return_value)
           {
             return get(std::cref(*t), t_return_value);
           }
 
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(std::reference_wrapper<T> obj, bool t_return_value)
+          static auto get(std::reference_wrapper<T> obj, bool t_return_value)
           {
             auto p = &obj.get();
             return std::make_shared<Data>(
@@ -146,7 +152,20 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(T t, bool t_return_value)
+          static auto get(std::unique_ptr<T> &&obj, bool t_return_value)
+          {
+            auto ptr = obj.get();
+            return std::make_shared<Data>(
+                  detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), 
+                  chaiscript::detail::Any(std::make_shared<std::unique_ptr<T>>(std::move(obj))), 
+                  true,
+                  ptr,
+                  t_return_value
+                );
+          }
+
+        template<typename T>
+          static auto get(T t, bool t_return_value)
           {
             auto p = std::make_shared<T>(std::move(t));
             auto ptr = p.get();
@@ -182,10 +201,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       /// Unknown-type constructor
-      Boxed_Value()
-        : m_data(Object_Data::get())
-      {
-      }
+      Boxed_Value() = default;
 
       Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value&&) = default;
       Boxed_Value& operator=(Boxed_Value&&) = default;
@@ -239,8 +255,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
           ~Sentinel()
           {
             // save new pointer data
-            m_data.get().m_data_ptr = m_ptr.get().get();
-            m_data.get().m_const_data_ptr = m_ptr.get().get();
+            const auto ptr_ = m_ptr.get().get();
+            m_data.get().m_data_ptr = ptr_;
+            m_data.get().m_const_data_ptr = ptr_;
           }
 
           Sentinel& operator=(Sentinel&&s) = default;
@@ -305,7 +322,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         if (!m_data->m_attrs)
         {
-          m_data->m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>());
+          m_data->m_attrs = std::make_unique<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>();
         }
 
         auto &attr = (*m_data->m_attrs)[t_name];
@@ -322,7 +339,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         if (t_obj.m_data->m_attrs)
         {
-          m_data->m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>(*t_obj.m_data->m_attrs));
+          m_data->m_attrs = std::make_unique<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(*t_obj.m_data->m_attrs);
         }
         return *this;
       }
@@ -345,11 +362,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
       // necessary to avoid hitting the templated && constructor of Boxed_Value
       struct Internal_Construction{};
 
-      Boxed_Value(const std::shared_ptr<Data> &t_data, Internal_Construction)
-        : m_data(t_data) {
+      Boxed_Value(std::shared_ptr<Data> t_data, Internal_Construction)
+        : m_data(std::move(t_data)) {
       }
 
-      std::shared_ptr<Data> m_data;
+      std::shared_ptr<Data> m_data = Object_Data::get();
   };
 
   /// @brief Creates a Boxed_Value. If the object passed in is a value type, it is copied. If it is a pointer, std::shared_ptr, or std::reference_type

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/callable_traits.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_CALLABLE_TRAITS_HPP_
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
       struct Const_Caller
       {
-        Const_Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const) : m_func(t_func) {}
+        explicit Const_Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const) : m_func(t_func) {}
 
         template<typename ... Inner>
         Ret operator()(const Class &o, Inner&& ... inner) const {
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
       struct Fun_Caller
       {
-        Fun_Caller(Ret( * t_func)(Param...) ) : m_func(t_func) {}
+        explicit Fun_Caller(Ret( * t_func)(Param...) ) : m_func(t_func) {}
 
         template<typename ... Inner>
         Ret operator()(Inner&& ... inner) const {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
       struct Caller
       {
-        Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...)) : m_func(t_func) {}
+        explicit Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...)) : m_func(t_func) {}
 
         template<typename ... Inner>
         Ret operator()(Class &o, Inner&& ... inner) const {

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DISPATCHKIT_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DISPATCHKIT_HPP_
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <deque>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <list>
 #include <map>
@@ -31,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "proxy_constructors.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
+#include "short_alloc.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
 class Boxed_Number;
@@ -67,7 +71,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         reserved_word_error(const reserved_word_error &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~reserved_word_error() noexcept = default;
+        ~reserved_word_error() noexcept override = default;
 
         std::string word() const
         {
@@ -89,7 +93,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         illegal_name_error(const illegal_name_error &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~illegal_name_error() noexcept = default;
+        ~illegal_name_error() noexcept override = default;
 
         std::string name() const
         {
@@ -112,7 +116,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         name_conflict_error(const name_conflict_error &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~name_conflict_error() noexcept = default;
+        ~name_conflict_error() noexcept override = default;
 
         std::string name() const
         {
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
         global_non_const(const global_non_const &) = default;
-        virtual ~global_non_const() noexcept = default;
+        ~global_non_const() noexcept override = default;
     };
   }
 
@@ -147,7 +151,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     public:
       Module &add(Type_Info ti, std::string name)
       {
-        m_typeinfos.emplace_back(std::move(ti), std::move(name));
+        m_typeinfos.emplace_back(ti, std::move(name));
         return *this;
       }
 
@@ -266,7 +270,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class Dispatch_Function final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base
     {
       public:
-        Dispatch_Function(std::vector<Proxy_Function> t_funcs)
+        explicit Dispatch_Function(std::vector<Proxy_Function> t_funcs)
           : Proxy_Function_Base(build_type_infos(t_funcs), calculate_arity(t_funcs)),
             m_funcs(std::move(t_funcs))
         {
@@ -356,7 +360,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
               ++begin;
             }
 
-            assert(type_infos.size() > 0 && " type_info vector size is < 0, this is only possible if something else is broken");
+            assert(!type_infos.empty() && " type_info vector size is < 0, this is only possible if something else is broken");
 
             if (size_mismatch)
             {
@@ -376,20 +380,55 @@ namespace chaiscript
   {
     struct Stack_Holder
     {
-      typedef std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Boxed_Value>> Scope;
-      typedef std::vector<Scope> StackData;
+      //template <class T, std::size_t BufSize = sizeof(T)*20000>
+      //  using SmallVector = std::vector<T, short_alloc<T, BufSize>>;
+
+      template <class T>
+        using SmallVector = std::vector<T>;
+      
+
+      typedef SmallVector<std::pair<std::string, Boxed_Value>> Scope;
+      typedef SmallVector<Scope> StackData;
+      typedef SmallVector<StackData> Stacks;
+      typedef SmallVector<Boxed_Value> Call_Param_List;
+      typedef SmallVector<Call_Param_List> Call_Params;
 
       Stack_Holder()
       {
-        stacks.reserve(2);
-        stacks.emplace_back(1);
-        call_params.emplace_back();
-        call_params.back().reserve(2);
+        push_stack();
+        push_call_params();
       }
 
-      std::vector<StackData> stacks;
+      void push_stack_data()
+      {
+        stacks.back().emplace_back();
+//        stacks.back().emplace_back(Scope(scope_allocator));
+      }
+
+      void push_stack()
+      {
+        stacks.emplace_back(1);
+//        stacks.emplace_back(StackData(1, Scope(scope_allocator), stack_data_allocator));
+      }
+
+      void push_call_params()
+      {
+        call_params.emplace_back();
+//        call_params.emplace_back(Call_Param_List(call_param_list_allocator));
+      }
+
+      //Scope::allocator_type::arena_type scope_allocator;
+      //StackData::allocator_type::arena_type stack_data_allocator;
+      //Stacks::allocator_type::arena_type stacks_allocator;
+      //Call_Param_List::allocator_type::arena_type call_param_list_allocator;
+      //Call_Params::allocator_type::arena_type call_params_allocator;
+
+//      Stacks stacks = Stacks(stacks_allocator);
+//      Call_Params call_params = Call_Params(call_params_allocator);
+
+      Stacks stacks;
+      Call_Params call_params;
 
-      std::vector<std::vector<Boxed_Value>> call_params;
       int call_depth = 0;
     };
 
@@ -401,7 +440,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       public:
         typedef std::map<std::string, chaiscript::Type_Info> Type_Name_Map;
         typedef std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Boxed_Value>> Scope;
-        typedef std::vector<Scope> StackData;
+        typedef Stack_Holder::StackData StackData;
 
         struct State
         {
@@ -410,15 +449,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
           std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Boxed_Value>> m_boxed_functions;
           std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m_global_objects;
           Type_Name_Map m_types;
-          std::set<std::string> m_reserved_words 
-            = {"def", "fun", "while", "for", "if", "else", "&&", "||", ",", "auto", 
-               "return", "break", "true", "false", "class", "attr", "var", "global", "GLOBAL", "_"};
         };
 
-        Dispatch_Engine(chaiscript::parser::ChaiScript_Parser_Base &parser)
+        explicit Dispatch_Engine(chaiscript::parser::ChaiScript_Parser_Base &parser)
           : m_stack_holder(this),
             m_parser(parser)
-
         {
         }
 
@@ -439,7 +474,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Add a new named Proxy_Function to the system
         void add(const Proxy_Function &f, const std::string &name)
         {
-          validate_object_name(name);
           add_function(f, name);
         }
 
@@ -447,7 +481,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// is not available in the current scope it is created
         void add(Boxed_Value obj, const std::string &name)
         {
-          validate_object_name(name);
           auto &stack = get_stack_data();
 
           for (auto stack_elem = stack.rbegin(); stack_elem != stack.rend(); ++stack_elem)
@@ -467,6 +500,26 @@ namespace chaiscript
           add_object(name, std::move(obj));
         }
 
+        /// Adds a named object to the current scope
+        /// \warning This version does not check the validity of the name
+        /// it is meant for internal use only
+        Boxed_Value &add_get_object(const std::string &t_name, Boxed_Value obj, Stack_Holder &t_holder)
+        {
+          auto &stack_elem = get_stack_data(t_holder).back();
+
+          if (std::any_of(stack_elem.begin(), stack_elem.end(),
+              [&](const std::pair<std::string, Boxed_Value> &o) {
+                return o.first == t_name;
+              }))
+          {
+            throw chaiscript::exception::name_conflict_error(t_name);
+          }
+
+          stack_elem.emplace_back(t_name, std::move(obj));
+          return stack_elem.back().second;
+        }
+
+
         /// Adds a named object to the current scope
         /// \warning This version does not check the validity of the name
         /// it is meant for internal use only
@@ -482,7 +535,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             throw chaiscript::exception::name_conflict_error(t_name);
           }
 
-          get_stack_data(t_holder).back().emplace_back(t_name, std::move(obj));
+          stack_elem.emplace_back(t_name, std::move(obj));
         }
 
 
@@ -497,7 +550,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Adds a new global shared object, between all the threads
         void add_global_const(const Boxed_Value &obj, const std::string &name)
         {
-          validate_object_name(name);
           if (!obj.is_const())
           {
             throw chaiscript::exception::global_non_const();
@@ -516,8 +568,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Adds a new global (non-const) shared object, between all the threads
         Boxed_Value add_global_no_throw(const Boxed_Value &obj, const std::string &name)
         {
-          validate_object_name(name);
-
           chaiscript::detail::threading::unique_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
 
           const auto itr = m_state.m_global_objects.find(name);
@@ -534,8 +584,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Adds a new global (non-const) shared object, between all the threads
         void add_global(const Boxed_Value &obj, const std::string &name)
         {
-          validate_object_name(name);
-
           chaiscript::detail::threading::unique_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
 
           if (m_state.m_global_objects.find(name) != m_state.m_global_objects.end())
@@ -549,8 +597,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Updates an existing global shared object or adds a new global shared object if not found
         void set_global(const Boxed_Value &obj, const std::string &name)
         {
-          validate_object_name(name);
-
           chaiscript::detail::threading::unique_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
 
           const auto itr = m_state.m_global_objects.find(name);
@@ -577,8 +623,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Adds a new scope to the stack
         static void new_scope(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
         {
-          get_stack_data(t_holder).emplace_back();
-          t_holder.call_params.emplace_back();
+          t_holder.push_stack_data();
+          t_holder.push_call_params();
         }
 
         /// Pops the current scope from the stack
@@ -597,7 +643,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         static void new_stack(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
         {
           // add a new Stack with 1 element
-          t_holder.stacks.emplace_back(1);
+          t_holder.push_stack();
         }
 
         static void pop_stack(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
@@ -639,7 +685,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             }
 
             t_loc = static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::located);
-          } else if (loc & static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::is_local)) {
+          } else if ((loc & static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::is_local)) != 0u) {
             auto &stack = get_stack_data(t_holder);
 
             return stack[stack.size() - 1 - ((loc & static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::stack_mask)) >> 16)][loc & static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::loc_mask)].second;
@@ -656,9 +702,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           // no? is it a function object?
           auto obj = get_function_object_int(name, loc);
-          if (obj.first != loc) t_loc = uint_fast32_t(obj.first);
-          return obj.second;
+          if (obj.first != loc) { t_loc = uint_fast32_t(obj.first); }
 
+          return obj.second;
 
         }
 
@@ -721,7 +767,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           uint_fast32_t method_missing_loc = m_method_missing_loc;
           auto method_missing_funs = get_function("method_missing", method_missing_loc);
-          if (method_missing_funs.first != method_missing_loc) m_method_missing_loc = uint_fast32_t(method_missing_funs.first);
+          if (method_missing_funs.first != method_missing_loc) { 
+            m_method_missing_loc = uint_fast32_t(method_missing_funs.first); 
+          }
+
           return std::move(method_missing_funs.second);
         }
 
@@ -809,7 +858,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           auto &stack = get_stack_data();
           auto &scope = stack.front();
-          scope = std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Boxed_Value>>(t_locals.begin(), t_locals.end());
+          scope.assign(t_locals.begin(), t_locals.end());
         }
 
 
@@ -912,7 +961,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           uint_fast32_t loc = t_loc;
           const auto funs = get_function(t_name, loc);
-          if (funs.first != loc) t_loc = uint_fast32_t(funs.first);
+          if (funs.first != loc) { t_loc = uint_fast32_t(funs.first); }
 
           const auto do_attribute_call = 
             [this](int l_num_params, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &l_params, const std::vector<Proxy_Function> &l_funs, const Type_Conversions_State &l_conversions)->Boxed_Value
@@ -935,14 +984,21 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
                 This_Foist fi(*this, l_params.front());
 
-                auto func = boxed_cast<std::shared_ptr<const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>>(bv);
                 try {
-                  return (*func)({l_params.begin() + l_num_params, l_params.end()}, l_conversions);
+                  auto func = boxed_cast<const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *>(bv);
+                  try {
+                    return (*func)({l_params.begin() + l_num_params, l_params.end()}, l_conversions);
+                  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+                  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::arity_error &) {
+                  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::guard_error &) {
+                  }
+                  throw chaiscript::exception::dispatch_error({l_params.begin() + l_num_params, l_params.end()}, 
+                      std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>{boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function>(bv)});
                 } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
-                } catch (const chaiscript::exception::arity_error &) {
-                } catch (const chaiscript::exception::guard_error &) {
+                  // unable to convert bv into a Proxy_Function_Base
+                  throw chaiscript::exception::dispatch_error({l_params.begin() + l_num_params, l_params.end()}, 
+                      std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>(l_funs.begin(), l_funs.end()));
                 }
-                throw chaiscript::exception::dispatch_error({l_params.begin() + l_num_params, l_params.end()}, std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>{func});
               } else {
                 return bv;
               }
@@ -1025,7 +1081,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           uint_fast32_t loc = t_loc;
           const auto funs = get_function(t_name, loc);
-          if (funs.first != loc) t_loc = uint_fast32_t(funs.first);
+          if (funs.first != loc) { t_loc = uint_fast32_t(funs.first);
+}
           return dispatch::dispatch(*funs.second, params, t_conversions);
         }
 
@@ -1149,7 +1206,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         static void save_function_params(Stack_Holder &t_s, std::initializer_list<Boxed_Value> t_params)
         {
-          t_s.call_params.back().insert(t_s.call_params.back().begin(), std::move(t_params));
+          t_s.call_params.back().insert(t_s.call_params.back().begin(), t_params);
         }
 
         static void save_function_params(Stack_Holder &t_s, std::vector<Boxed_Value> &&t_params)
@@ -1167,7 +1224,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         void save_function_params(std::initializer_list<Boxed_Value> t_params)
         {
-          save_function_params(*m_stack_holder, std::move(t_params));
+          save_function_params(*m_stack_holder, t_params);
         }
 
         void save_function_params(std::vector<Boxed_Value> &&t_params)
@@ -1359,20 +1416,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
 
-        /// Throw a reserved_word exception if the name is not allowed
-        void validate_object_name(const std::string &name) const
-        {
-          if (name.find("::") != std::string::npos) {
-            throw chaiscript::exception::illegal_name_error(name);
-          }
-
-          chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
-
-          if (m_state.m_reserved_words.find(name) != m_state.m_reserved_words.end())
-          {
-            throw chaiscript::exception::reserved_word_error(name);
-          }
-        }
 
         template<typename Container, typename Key, typename Value>
           static void add_keyed_value(Container &t_c, const Key &t_key, Value &&t_value)
@@ -1410,7 +1453,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         static typename Container::const_iterator find_keyed_value(const Container &t_c, const Key &t_key, const size_t t_hint)
           {
             if (t_c.size() > t_hint && t_c[t_hint].first == t_key) {
-              return advance_copy(t_c.begin(), t_hint);
+              return std::next(t_c.begin(), static_cast<typename std::iterator_traits<typename Container::const_iterator>::difference_type>(t_hint));
             } else {
               return find_keyed_value(t_c, t_key);
             }
@@ -1469,7 +1512,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<Stack_Holder> m_stack_holder;
         std::reference_wrapper<parser::ChaiScript_Parser_Base> m_parser;
 
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_method_missing_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_method_missing_loc = {0};
 
         State m_state;
     };
@@ -1477,7 +1520,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class Dispatch_State
     {
       public:
-        Dispatch_State(Dispatch_Engine &t_engine)
+        explicit Dispatch_State(Dispatch_Engine &t_engine)
           : m_engine(t_engine),
             m_stack_holder(t_engine.get_stack_holder()),
             m_conversions(t_engine.conversions(), t_engine.conversions().conversion_saves())
@@ -1504,8 +1547,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_conversions.saves();
         }
 
+        Boxed_Value &add_get_object(const std::string &t_name, Boxed_Value obj) const {
+          return m_engine.get().add_get_object(t_name, std::move(obj), m_stack_holder.get());
+        }
+
         void add_object(const std::string &t_name, Boxed_Value obj) const {
-          m_engine.get().add_object(t_name, std::move(obj), m_stack_holder.get());
+          return m_engine.get().add_object(t_name, std::move(obj), m_stack_holder.get());
         }
 
         Boxed_Value get_object(const std::string &t_name, std::atomic_uint_fast32_t &t_loc) const {

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
 
@@ -25,7 +29,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
   namespace dispatch
   {
     struct option_explicit_set : std::runtime_error {
-      option_explicit_set(const std::string &t_param_name)
+      explicit option_explicit_set(const std::string &t_param_name)
         : std::runtime_error("option explicit set and parameter '" + t_param_name + "' does not exist")
       {
 
@@ -33,13 +37,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       option_explicit_set(const option_explicit_set &) = default;
 
-      virtual ~option_explicit_set() noexcept = default;
+      ~option_explicit_set() noexcept override = default;
     };
 
     class Dynamic_Object
     {
       public:
-        Dynamic_Object(std::string t_type_name)
+        explicit Dynamic_Object(std::string t_type_name)
           : m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_option_explicit(false)
         {
         }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object_detail.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_DETAIL_HPP_
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
         protected:
-          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+          Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
           {
             if (dynamic_object_typename_match(params, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
             {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             } 
           }
 
-          virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+          bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
           {
             return dynamic_object_typename_match(bv, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions);
           }
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, const std::string &name,
               const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
           {
-            if (bvs.size() > 0)
+            if (!bvs.empty())
             {
               return dynamic_object_typename_match(bvs[0], name, ti, t_conversions);
             } else {
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const override
           {
             const Dynamic_Object_Constructor *dc = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Constructor*>(&f);
-            return dc && dc->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc->m_func) == (*m_func);
+            return (dc != nullptr) && dc->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc->m_func) == (*m_func);
           }
 
           bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_EXCEPTION_SPECIFICATION_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_EXCEPTION_SPECIFICATION_HPP_
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
 
@@ -33,7 +37,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           static Ret call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
               const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
           {
-            if (t_conversions) {
+            if (t_conversions != nullptr) {
               return boxed_cast<Ret>(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, *t_conversions), t_conversions);
             } else {
               Type_Conversions conv;
@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           static Ret call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
               const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
           {
-            if (t_conversions) {
+            if (t_conversions != nullptr) {
               return Boxed_Number(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, *t_conversions)).get_as<Ret>();
             } else {
               Type_Conversions conv;
@@ -72,7 +76,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           static void call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
               const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
           {
-            if (t_conversions) {
+            if (t_conversions != nullptr) {
               dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, *t_conversions);
             } else {
               Type_Conversions conv;

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HANDLE_RETURN_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HANDLE_RETURN_HPP_
 
@@ -27,9 +31,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     namespace detail
     {
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
+      /// Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
       template<typename Ret>
         struct Handle_Return
         {
@@ -155,6 +157,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         };
 
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::unique_ptr<Ret>> : Handle_Return<std::unique_ptr<Ret> &>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(std::unique_ptr<Ret> &&r)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(std::move(r), true);
+          }
+        };
+
+
+
       template<typename Ret>
         struct Handle_Return<const Ret &>
         {

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP_
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_CONSTRUCTORS_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_CONSTRUCTORS_HPP_

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_HPP_
@@ -53,7 +56,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>())
         {}
 
-        Param_Types(std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info>> t_types)
+        explicit Param_Types(std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info>> t_types)
           : m_types(std::move(t_types)),
             m_has_types(false),
             m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>())
@@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         void push_front(std::string t_name, Type_Info t_ti)
         {
-          m_types.emplace(m_types.begin(), std::move(t_name), std::move(t_ti));
+          m_types.emplace(m_types.begin(), std::move(t_name), t_ti);
           update_has_types();
         }
 
@@ -72,10 +75,51 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_types == t_rhs.m_types;
         }
 
-        bool match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
+        std::vector<Boxed_Value> convert(std::vector<Boxed_Value> vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
         {
-          if (!m_has_types) return true;
-          if (vals.size() != m_types.size()) return false;
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < vals.size(); ++i)
+          {
+            const auto &name = m_types[i].first;
+            if (!name.empty()) {
+              const auto &bv = vals[i];
+
+              if (!bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(m_doti))
+              {
+                const auto &ti = m_types[i].second;
+                if (!ti.is_undef())
+                {
+                  if (!bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(ti)) {
+                    if (t_conversions->converts(ti, bv.get_type_info())) {
+                      try {
+                        // We will not catch any bad_boxed_dynamic_cast that is thrown, let the user get it
+                        // either way, we are not responsible if it doesn't work
+                        vals[i] = t_conversions->boxed_type_conversion(m_types[i].second, t_conversions.saves(), vals[i]);
+                      } catch (...) {
+                        try {
+                          // try going the other way
+                          vals[i] = t_conversions->boxed_type_down_conversion(m_types[i].second, t_conversions.saves(), vals[i]);
+                        } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
+                          throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), *m_types[i].second.bare_type_info());
+                        }
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+
+          return vals;
+        }
+
+        // first result: is a match
+        // second result: needs conversions
+        std::pair<bool, bool> match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
+        {
+          bool needs_conversion = false;
+
+          if (!m_has_types) { return std::make_pair(true, needs_conversion); }
+          if (vals.size() != m_types.size()) { return std::make_pair(false, needs_conversion); }
 
           for (size_t i = 0; i < vals.size(); ++i)
           {
@@ -87,25 +131,31 @@ namespace chaiscript
               {
                 try {
                   const Dynamic_Object &d = boxed_cast<const Dynamic_Object &>(bv, &t_conversions);
-                  return name == "Dynamic_Object" || d.get_type_name() == name;
+                  if (!(name == "Dynamic_Object" || d.get_type_name() == name)) {
+                    return std::make_pair(false, false);
+                  }
                 } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
-                  return false;
+                  return std::make_pair(false, false);
                 } 
               } else {
                 const auto &ti = m_types[i].second;
                 if (!ti.is_undef())
                 {
                   if (!bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(ti)) {
-                    return false;
+                    if (!t_conversions->converts(ti, bv.get_type_info())) {
+                      return std::make_pair(false, false);
+                    } else {
+                      needs_conversion = true;
+                    }
                   }
                 } else {
-                  return false;
+                  return std::make_pair(false, false);
                 }
               }
             }
           }
 
-          return true;
+          return std::make_pair(true, needs_conversion);
         }
 
         const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info>> &types() const
@@ -282,7 +332,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         guard_error(const guard_error &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~guard_error() noexcept = default;
+        ~guard_error() noexcept override = default;
     };
   }
 
@@ -307,21 +357,20 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
 
-        virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &rhs) const override
+        bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &rhs) const override
         {
           const Dynamic_Proxy_Function *prhs = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Proxy_Function *>(&rhs);
 
           return this == &rhs
-            || (prhs
+            || ((prhs != nullptr)
                 && this->m_arity == prhs->m_arity
                 && !this->m_guard && !prhs->m_guard
                 && this->m_param_types == prhs->m_param_types);
         }
 
-        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+        bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
-          return (m_arity < 0 || (vals.size() == size_t(m_arity) && m_param_types.match(vals, t_conversions)))
-            && test_guard(vals, t_conversions);
+          return call_match_internal(vals, t_conversions).first;
         }
 
 
@@ -353,6 +402,26 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
+        // first result: is a match
+        // second result: needs conversions
+        std::pair<bool, bool> call_match_internal(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
+        {
+          const auto comparison_result = [&](){
+            if (m_arity < 0) {
+              return std::make_pair(true, false);
+            } else if (vals.size() == size_t(m_arity)) {
+              return m_param_types.match(vals, t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              return std::make_pair(false, false);
+            }
+          }();
+
+          return std::make_pair(
+              comparison_result.first && test_guard(vals, t_conversions), 
+              comparison_result.second
+              );
+        }
+
       private:
         static std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_type_list(const Param_Types &t_types)
         {
@@ -371,7 +440,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return types;
         }
 
+      protected:
         Param_Types m_param_types;
+
+      private:
         Proxy_Function m_guard;
         AST_NodePtr m_parsenode;
     };
@@ -402,9 +474,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
       protected:
         Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
-          if (call_match(params, t_conversions) && test_guard(params, t_conversions))
+          const auto match_results = call_match_internal(params, t_conversions);
+          if (match_results.first)
           {
-            return m_f(params);
+            if (match_results.second) {
+              return m_f(m_param_types.convert(params, t_conversions));
+            } else {
+              return m_f(params);
+            }
           } else {
             throw exception::guard_error();
           }
@@ -516,7 +593,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return retval;
         }
 
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+        Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
           return (*m_f)(build_param_list(params), t_conversions);
         }
@@ -529,7 +606,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class Proxy_Function_Impl_Base : public Proxy_Function_Base
     {
       public:
-        Proxy_Function_Impl_Base(const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_types)
+        explicit Proxy_Function_Impl_Base(const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_types)
           : Proxy_Function_Base(t_types, static_cast<int>(t_types.size()) - 1)
         {
         }
@@ -550,7 +627,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       class Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl final : public Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
     {
       public:
-        Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl(Callable f)
+        explicit Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl(Callable f)
           : Proxy_Function_Impl_Base(detail::build_param_type_list(static_cast<Func *>(nullptr))),
             m_f(std::move(f))
         {
@@ -581,7 +658,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class Assignable_Proxy_Function : public Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
     {
       public:
-        Assignable_Proxy_Function(const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_types)
+        explicit Assignable_Proxy_Function(const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_types)
           : Proxy_Function_Impl_Base(t_types)
         {
         }
@@ -637,7 +714,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       class Attribute_Access final : public Proxy_Function_Base
     {
       public:
-        Attribute_Access(T Class::* t_attr)
+        explicit Attribute_Access(T Class::* t_attr)
           : Proxy_Function_Base(param_types(), 1),
             m_attr(t_attr)
         {
@@ -742,7 +819,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
         dispatch_error(const dispatch_error &) = default;
-        virtual ~dispatch_error() noexcept = default;
+        ~dispatch_error() noexcept override = default;
 
         std::vector<Boxed_Value> parameters;
         std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> functions;
@@ -759,7 +836,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           const std::vector<Type_Info> &types = t_func->get_param_types();
 
-          if (t_func->get_arity() == -1) return false;
+          if (t_func->get_arity() == -1) { return false; }
 
           assert(plist.size() == types.size() - 1);
 
@@ -819,7 +896,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
                          plist.begin(),
                          std::back_inserter(newplist),
                          [](const Type_Info &ti, const Boxed_Value &param) -> Boxed_Value {
-                           if (ti.is_arithmetic() && param.get_type_info().is_arithmetic()) {
+                           if (ti.is_arithmetic() && param.get_type_info().is_arithmetic()
+                               && param.get_type_info() != ti) {
                              return Boxed_Number(param).get_as(ti).bv;
                            } else {
                              return param;
@@ -827,8 +905,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
                          }
                        );
 
-
-
           try {
             return (*(matching_func->second))(newplist, t_conversions);
           } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
@@ -844,11 +920,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Take a vector of functions and a vector of parameters. Attempt to execute
-     * each function against the set of parameters, in order, until a matching
-     * function is found or throw dispatch_error if no matching function is found
-     */
+    /// Take a vector of functions and a vector of parameters. Attempt to execute
+    /// each function against the set of parameters, in order, until a matching
+    /// function is found or throw dispatch_error if no matching function is found
     template<typename Funcs>
       Boxed_Value dispatch(const Funcs &funcs,
           const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &plist, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
 
@@ -44,7 +48,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       arity_error(const arity_error &) = default;
 
-      virtual ~arity_error() noexcept {}
+      ~arity_error() noexcept override = default;
 
       int got;
       int expected;
@@ -115,7 +119,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)
         {
           call_func(sig, std::index_sequence_for<Params...>{}, f, params, t_conversions);
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4702)
+#endif
+          // MSVC is reporting that this is unreachable code - and it's wrong.
           return Handle_Return<void>::handle();
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
         }
 
     }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_REGISTER_FUNCTION_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_REGISTER_FUNCTION_HPP_
 
@@ -107,31 +111,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
       return fun(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), q));
     }
 
-  /// \brief Creates a new Proxy_Function object from a free function or member function and binds the first and second parameters of it
-  /// \param[in] t Function / member to expose
-  /// \param[in] q Value to bind to first parameter
-  /// \param[in] r Value to bind to second parameter
-  ///
-  /// \b Example:
-  /// \code
-  /// struct MyClass
-  /// {
-  ///   void memberfunction(int);
-  /// };
-  /// 
-  /// MyClass obj;
-  /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  /// // Add function taking only no arguments, and permanently bound to "obj" and "1"
-  /// // memberfunction() will be equivalent to obj.memberfunction(1)
-  /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberfunction, std::ref(obj), 1), "memberfunction"); 
-  /// \endcode
-  /// 
-  /// \sa \ref adding_functions
-  template<typename T, typename Q, typename R>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T &&t, Q &&q, R &&r)
-    {
-      return fun(detail::bind_first(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), std::forward<Q>(q)), std::forward<R>(r)));
-    }
 
 }
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/short_alloc.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+#ifndef SHORT_ALLOC_H
+#define SHORT_ALLOC_H
+
+// The MIT License (MIT)
+// 
+// Copyright (c) 2015 Howard Hinnant
+// 
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+// 
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+// 
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+// SOFTWARE.
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cassert>
+
+template <std::size_t N, std::size_t alignment = alignof(std::max_align_t)>
+class arena
+{
+    alignas(alignment) char buf_[N];
+    char* ptr_;
+
+public:
+    ~arena() {ptr_ = nullptr;}
+    arena() noexcept : ptr_(buf_) {}
+    arena(const arena&) = delete;
+    arena& operator=(const arena&) = delete;
+
+    template <std::size_t ReqAlign> char* allocate(std::size_t n);
+    void deallocate(char* p, std::size_t n) noexcept;
+
+    static constexpr std::size_t size() noexcept {return N;}
+    std::size_t used() const noexcept {return static_cast<std::size_t>(ptr_ - buf_);}
+    void reset() noexcept {ptr_ = buf_;}
+
+private:
+    static
+    std::size_t 
+    align_up(std::size_t n) noexcept
+        {return (n + (alignment-1)) & ~(alignment-1);}
+
+    bool
+    pointer_in_buffer(char* p) noexcept
+        {return buf_ <= p && p <= buf_ + N;}
+};
+
+template <std::size_t N, std::size_t alignment>
+template <std::size_t ReqAlign>
+char*
+arena<N, alignment>::allocate(std::size_t n)
+{
+    static_assert(ReqAlign <= alignment, "alignment is too small for this arena");
+    assert(pointer_in_buffer(ptr_) && "short_alloc has outlived arena");
+    auto const aligned_n = align_up(n);
+    if (static_cast<decltype(aligned_n)>(buf_ + N - ptr_) >= aligned_n)
+    {
+        char* r = ptr_;
+        ptr_ += aligned_n;
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    static_assert(alignment <= alignof(std::max_align_t), "you've chosen an "
+                  "alignment that is larger than alignof(std::max_align_t), and "
+                  "cannot be guaranteed by normal operator new");
+    return static_cast<char*>(::operator new(n));
+}
+
+template <std::size_t N, std::size_t alignment>
+void
+arena<N, alignment>::deallocate(char* p, std::size_t n) noexcept
+{
+    assert(pointer_in_buffer(ptr_) && "short_alloc has outlived arena");
+    if (pointer_in_buffer(p))
+    {
+      n = align_up(n);
+      if (p + n == ptr_) {
+        ptr_ = p;
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      ::operator delete(p);
+    }
+}
+
+template <class T, std::size_t N, std::size_t Align = alignof(std::max_align_t)>
+class short_alloc
+{
+public:
+    using value_type = T;
+    static auto constexpr alignment = Align;
+    static auto constexpr size = N;
+    using arena_type = arena<size, alignment>;
+
+private:
+    arena_type& a_;
+
+public:
+    short_alloc(const short_alloc&) = default;
+    short_alloc& operator=(const short_alloc&) = delete;
+
+    explicit short_alloc(arena_type& a) noexcept : a_(a)
+    {
+        static_assert(size % alignment == 0,
+                      "size N needs to be a multiple of alignment Align");
+    }
+    template <class U>
+        explicit short_alloc(const short_alloc<U, N, alignment>& a) noexcept
+            : a_(a.a_) {}
+
+    template <class _Up> struct rebind {using other = short_alloc<_Up, N, alignment>;};
+
+    T* allocate(std::size_t n)
+    {
+        return reinterpret_cast<T*>(a_.template allocate<alignof(T)>(n*sizeof(T)));
+    }
+    void deallocate(T* p, std::size_t n) noexcept
+    {
+        a_.deallocate(reinterpret_cast<char*>(p), n*sizeof(T));
+    }
+
+    template <class T1, std::size_t N1, std::size_t A1, 
+              class U, std::size_t M, std::size_t A2>
+    friend
+    bool
+    operator==(const short_alloc<T1, N1, A1>& x, const short_alloc<U, M, A2>& y) noexcept;
+
+    template <class U, std::size_t M, std::size_t A> friend class short_alloc;
+};
+
+template <class T, std::size_t N, std::size_t A1, class U, std::size_t M, std::size_t A2>
+inline
+bool
+operator==(const short_alloc<T, N, A1>& x, const short_alloc<U, M, A2>& y) noexcept
+{
+    return N == M && A1 == A2 && &x.a_ == &y.a_;
+}
+
+template <class T, std::size_t N, std::size_t A1, class U, std::size_t M, std::size_t A2>
+inline
+bool
+operator!=(const short_alloc<T, N, A1>& x, const short_alloc<U, M, A2>& y) noexcept
+{
+    return !(x == y);
+}
+
+#endif  // SHORT_ALLOC_HPP
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_CAST_CONVERSION_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_CAST_CONVERSION_HPP_
 
@@ -39,14 +43,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const std::string &w) noexcept
+        explicit bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const std::string &w) noexcept
           : bad_boxed_cast(w)
         {
         }
 
         bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const bad_boxed_dynamic_cast &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~bad_boxed_dynamic_cast() noexcept = default;
+        ~bad_boxed_dynamic_cast() noexcept override = default;
     };
 
     class bad_boxed_type_cast : public bad_boxed_cast
@@ -63,14 +67,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        bad_boxed_type_cast(const std::string &w) noexcept
+        explicit bad_boxed_type_cast(const std::string &w) noexcept
           : bad_boxed_cast(w)
         {
         }
 
         bad_boxed_type_cast(const bad_boxed_type_cast &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~bad_boxed_type_cast() noexcept = default;
+        ~bad_boxed_type_cast() noexcept override = default;
     };
   }
 
@@ -100,8 +104,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         virtual ~Type_Conversion_Base() = default;
 
       protected:
-        Type_Conversion_Base(const Type_Info &t_to, const Type_Info &t_from)
-          : m_to(t_to), m_from(t_from)
+        Type_Conversion_Base(Type_Info t_to, Type_Info t_from)
+          : m_to(std::move(t_to)), m_from(std::move(t_from))
         {
         }
 
@@ -286,7 +290,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     {
       public:
         Type_Conversion_Impl(Type_Info t_from, Type_Info t_to, Callable t_func)
-          : Type_Conversion_Base(std::move(t_to), std::move(t_from)),
+          : Type_Conversion_Base(t_to, t_from),
             m_func(std::move(t_func))
         {
         }
@@ -302,7 +306,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_func(t_from);
         }
 
-        virtual bool bidir() const override
+        bool bidir() const override
         {
           return false;
         }
@@ -340,15 +344,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       }
 
-      Type_Conversions(const Type_Conversions &t_other)
-        : m_mutex(),
-          m_conversions(t_other.get_conversions()),
-          m_convertableTypes(t_other.m_convertableTypes),
-          m_num_types(m_conversions.size()),
-          m_thread_cache(this),
-          m_conversion_saves(this)
-      {
-      }
+      Type_Conversions(const Type_Conversions &t_other) = delete;
+      Type_Conversions(Type_Conversions &&) = default;
+
+      Type_Conversions &operator=(const Type_Conversions &) = delete;
+      Type_Conversions &operator=(Type_Conversions &&) = default;
 
       const std::set<const std::type_info *, Less_Than> &thread_cache() const
       {
@@ -397,28 +397,39 @@ namespace chaiscript
       template<typename To>
         Boxed_Value boxed_type_conversion(Conversion_Saves &t_saves, const Boxed_Value &from) const
         {
-          try {
-            Boxed_Value ret = get_conversion(user_type<To>(), from.get_type_info())->convert(from);
-            if (t_saves.enabled) t_saves.saves.push_back(ret);
-            return ret;
-          } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
-            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(from.get_type_info(), typeid(To), "No known conversion");
-          } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
-            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(from.get_type_info(), typeid(To), "Unable to perform dynamic_cast operation");
-          }
+          return boxed_type_conversion(user_type<To>(), t_saves, from);
         }
 
       template<typename From>
         Boxed_Value boxed_type_down_conversion(Conversion_Saves &t_saves, const Boxed_Value &to) const
+        {
+          return boxed_type_down_conversion(user_type<From>(), t_saves, to);
+        }
+
+
+        Boxed_Value boxed_type_conversion(const Type_Info &to, Conversion_Saves &t_saves, const Boxed_Value &from) const
         {
           try {
-            Boxed_Value ret = get_conversion(to.get_type_info(), user_type<From>())->convert_down(to);
-            if (t_saves.enabled) t_saves.saves.push_back(ret);
+            Boxed_Value ret = get_conversion(to, from.get_type_info())->convert(from);
+            if (t_saves.enabled) { t_saves.saves.push_back(ret); }
             return ret;
           } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
-            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(to.get_type_info(), typeid(From), "No known conversion");
+            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(from.get_type_info(), *to.bare_type_info(), "No known conversion");
           } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
-            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(to.get_type_info(), typeid(From), "Unable to perform dynamic_cast operation");
+            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(from.get_type_info(), *to.bare_type_info(), "Unable to perform dynamic_cast operation");
+          }
+        }
+
+        Boxed_Value boxed_type_down_conversion(const Type_Info &from, Conversion_Saves &t_saves, const Boxed_Value &to) const
+        {
+          try {
+            Boxed_Value ret = get_conversion(to.get_type_info(), from)->convert_down(to);
+            if (t_saves.enabled) { t_saves.saves.push_back(ret); }
+            return ret;
+          } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
+            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(to.get_type_info(), *from.bare_type_info(), "No known conversion");
+          } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
+            throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(to.get_type_info(), *from.bare_type_info(), "Unable to perform dynamic_cast operation");
           }
         }
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
 
@@ -47,6 +51,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return m_type_info < ti.m_type_info;
       }
 
+      constexpr bool operator!=(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept
+      {
+        return !(operator==(ti));
+      }
+
+      constexpr bool operator!=(const std::type_info &ti) const noexcept
+      {
+        return !(operator==(ti));
+      }
+
       constexpr bool operator==(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept
       {
         return ti.m_type_info == m_type_info

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp

@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP_
 
+#include "../utility/fnv1a.hpp"
+
 #include <string>
 
 namespace chaiscript
@@ -51,76 +57,48 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     static Opers to_operator(const std::string &t_str, bool t_is_unary = false)
     {
-      if (t_str == "==")
-      {
-        return Opers::equals;
-      } else if (t_str == "<") {
-        return Opers::less_than;
-      } else if (t_str == ">") {
-        return Opers::greater_than;
-      } else if (t_str == "<=") {
-        return Opers::less_than_equal; 
-      } else if (t_str == ">=") {
-        return Opers::greater_than_equal;
-      } else if (t_str == "!=") {
-        return Opers::not_equal;
-      } else if (t_str == "=") {
-        return Opers::assign;
-      } else if (t_str == "++") {
-        return Opers::pre_increment;
-      } else if (t_str == "--") {
-        return Opers::pre_decrement;
-      } else if (t_str == "*=") {
-        return Opers::assign_product;
-      } else if (t_str == "+=") {
-        return Opers::assign_sum;
-      } else if (t_str == "-=") {
-        return Opers::assign_difference;
-      } else if (t_str == "&=") {
-        return Opers::assign_bitwise_and;
-      } else if (t_str == "|=") {
-        return Opers::assign_bitwise_or;
-      } else if (t_str == "<<=") {
-        return Opers::assign_shift_left;
-      } else if (t_str == ">>=") {
-        return Opers::assign_shift_right;
-      } else if (t_str == "%=") {
-        return Opers::assign_remainder;
-      } else if (t_str == "^=") {
-        return Opers::assign_bitwise_xor;
-      } else if (t_str == "<<") {
-        return Opers::shift_left;
-      } else if (t_str == ">>") {
-        return Opers::shift_right;
-      } else if (t_str == "%") {
-        return Opers::remainder;
-      } else if (t_str == "&") { 
-        return Opers::bitwise_and;
-      } else if (t_str == "|") {
-        return Opers::bitwise_or;
-      } else if (t_str == "^") {
-        return Opers::bitwise_xor;
-      } else if (t_str == "~") {
-        return Opers::bitwise_complement;
-      } else if (t_str == "+") {
-        if (t_is_unary) {
-          return Opers::unary_plus;
-        } else {
-          return Opers::sum;
-        }
-      } else if (t_str == "-") {
-        if (t_is_unary) {
-          return Opers::unary_minus;
-        } else {
-          return Opers::difference;
-        }
-      } else if (t_str == "/") {
-        return Opers::quotient;
-      } else if (t_str == "*") {
-        return Opers::product;
-      } else {
-        return Opers::invalid;
-      } 
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4307)
+#endif
+
+      const auto op_hash = utility::fnv1a_32(t_str.c_str());
+      switch (op_hash) {
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("=="): { return Opers::equals; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("<"): { return Opers::less_than; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32(">"): { return Opers::greater_than; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("<="): { return Opers::less_than_equal; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32(">="): { return Opers::greater_than_equal; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("!="): { return Opers::not_equal; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("="): { return Opers::assign; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("++"): { return Opers::pre_increment; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("--"): { return Opers::pre_decrement; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("*="): { return Opers::assign_product; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("+="): { return Opers::assign_sum; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("-="): { return Opers::assign_difference; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("&="): { return Opers::assign_bitwise_and; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("|="): { return Opers::assign_bitwise_or; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("<<="): { return Opers::assign_shift_left; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32(">>="): { return Opers::assign_shift_right; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("%="): { return Opers::assign_remainder; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("^="): { return Opers::assign_bitwise_xor; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("<<"): { return Opers::shift_left; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32(">>"): { return Opers::shift_right; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("%"): { return Opers::remainder; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("&"): { return Opers::bitwise_and; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("|"): { return Opers::bitwise_or; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("^"): { return Opers::bitwise_xor; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("~"): { return Opers::bitwise_complement; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("+"): { return t_is_unary ? Opers::unary_plus : Opers::sum; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("-"): { return t_is_unary ? Opers::unary_minus : Opers::difference; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("/"): { return Opers::quotient; }
+        case utility::fnv1a_32("*"): { return Opers::product; }
+        default: { return Opers::invalid; }
+      }
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
     }
 
   };

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP_
 
@@ -26,30 +30,58 @@ struct AST_Node;
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+  struct Name_Validator {
+    static bool is_reserved_word(const std::string &name)
+    {
+      static const std::set<std::string> m_reserved_words 
+        = {"def", "fun", "while", "for", "if", "else", "&&", "||", ",", "auto", 
+          "return", "break", "true", "false", "class", "attr", "var", "global", "GLOBAL", "_",
+          "__LINE__", "__FILE__", "__FUNC__", "__CLASS__"};
+      return m_reserved_words.count(name) > 0;
+    }
+
+    static bool valid_object_name(const std::string &name)
+    {
+      return name.find("::") == std::string::npos && !is_reserved_word(name);
+    }
+
+    static void validate_object_name(const std::string &name)
+    {
+      if (is_reserved_word(name)) {
+        throw exception::reserved_word_error(name);
+      }
+
+      if (name.find("::") != std::string::npos) {
+        throw exception::illegal_name_error(name);
+      }
+    }
+  };
 
   /// Signature of module entry point that all binary loadable modules must implement.
   typedef ModulePtr (*Create_Module_Func)();
 
 
   /// Types of AST nodes available to the parser and eval
-  enum class AST_Node_Type { Id, Caching_Id, Fun_Call, Arg_List, Equation, Var_Decl,
+  enum class AST_Node_Type { Id, Fun_Call, Unused_Return_Fun_Call, Arg_List, Equation, Var_Decl,
     Array_Call, Dot_Access,
-    Lambda, Block, Def, While, If, For, Inline_Array, Inline_Map, Return, File, Prefix, Break, Continue, Map_Pair, Value_Range,
+    Lambda, Block, Scopeless_Block, Def, While, If, For, Ranged_For, Inline_Array, Inline_Map, Return, File, Prefix, Break, Continue, Map_Pair, Value_Range,
     Inline_Range, Try, Catch, Finally, Method, Attr_Decl,  
-    Logical_And, Logical_Or, Reference, Switch, Case, Default, Ternary_Cond, Noop, Class, Binary, Arg, Global_Decl, Constant, Compiled
+    Logical_And, Logical_Or, Reference, Switch, Case, Default, Noop, Class, Binary, Arg, Global_Decl, Constant, Compiled
   };
 
-  enum class Operator_Precidence { Ternary_Cond, Logical_Or, Logical_And, Bitwise_Or, Bitwise_Xor, Bitwise_And, Equality, Comparison, Shift, Addition, Multiplication };
+  enum class Operator_Precidence { Ternary_Cond, Logical_Or, 
+    Logical_And, Bitwise_Or, Bitwise_Xor, Bitwise_And, 
+    Equality, Comparison, Shift, Addition, Multiplication, Prefix };
 
   namespace
   {
     /// Helper lookup to get the name of each node type
-    const char *ast_node_type_to_string(AST_Node_Type ast_node_type) {
-      static const char * const ast_node_types[] = { "Id", "Caching_Id", "Fun_Call", "Arg_List", "Equation", "Var_Decl",
+    inline const char *ast_node_type_to_string(AST_Node_Type ast_node_type) {
+      static const char * const ast_node_types[] = { "Id", "Fun_Call", "Unused_Return_Fun_Call", "Arg_List", "Equation", "Var_Decl",
                                     "Array_Call", "Dot_Access", 
-                                    "Lambda", "Block", "Def", "While", "If", "For", "Inline_Array", "Inline_Map", "Return", "File", "Prefix", "Break", "Continue", "Map_Pair", "Value_Range",
+                                    "Lambda", "Block", "Scopeless_Block", "Def", "While", "If", "For", "Ranged_For", "Inline_Array", "Inline_Map", "Return", "File", "Prefix", "Break", "Continue", "Map_Pair", "Value_Range",
                                     "Inline_Range", "Try", "Catch", "Finally", "Method", "Attr_Decl",
-                                    "Logical_And", "Logical_Or", "Reference", "Switch", "Case", "Default", "Ternary Condition", "Noop", "Class", "Binary", "Arg", "Global_Decl", "Constant", "Compiled"};
+                                    "Logical_And", "Logical_Or", "Reference", "Switch", "Case", "Default", "Noop", "Class", "Binary", "Arg", "Global_Decl", "Constant", "Compiled"};
 
       return ast_node_types[static_cast<int>(ast_node_type)];
     }
@@ -102,7 +134,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \brief Thrown if an error occurs while attempting to load a binary module
     struct load_module_error : std::runtime_error
     {
-      load_module_error(const std::string &t_reason) noexcept
+      explicit load_module_error(const std::string &t_reason) noexcept
         : std::runtime_error(t_reason)
       {
       }
@@ -113,7 +145,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
 
       load_module_error(const load_module_error &) = default;
-      virtual ~load_module_error() noexcept = default;
+      ~load_module_error() noexcept override = default;
 
       static std::string format_error(const std::string &t_name, const std::vector<load_module_error> &t_errors)
       {
@@ -160,7 +192,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname)
       {}
 
-      eval_error(const std::string &t_why) noexcept
+      explicit eval_error(const std::string &t_why) noexcept
         : std::runtime_error("Error: \"" + t_why + "\" "),
         reason(t_why) 
       {}
@@ -172,7 +204,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         std::ostringstream ss;
 
         ss << what();
-        if (call_stack.size() > 0) {
+        if (!call_stack.empty()) {
           ss << "during evaluation at (" << fname(call_stack[0]) << " " << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ")\n";
           ss << '\n' << detail << '\n';
           ss << "  " << fname(call_stack[0]) << " (" << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ") '" << pretty(call_stack[0]) << "'";
@@ -189,7 +221,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return ss.str();
       }
 
-      virtual ~eval_error() noexcept = default;
+      ~eval_error() noexcept override = default;
 
     private:
 
@@ -448,12 +480,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     /// Errors generated when loading a file
     struct file_not_found_error : std::runtime_error {
-      file_not_found_error(const std::string &t_filename) noexcept
+      explicit file_not_found_error(const std::string &t_filename) noexcept
         : std::runtime_error("File Not Found: " + t_filename)
       { }
 
       file_not_found_error(const file_not_found_error &) = default;
-      virtual ~file_not_found_error() noexcept {}
+      ~file_not_found_error() noexcept override = default;
     };
 
   }
@@ -509,9 +541,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
 
 
-      static bool get_bool_condition(const Boxed_Value &t_bv) {
+      static bool get_bool_condition(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) {
         try {
-          return boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv);
+          return t_ss->boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv);
         }
         catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
           throw exception::eval_error("Condition not boolean");
@@ -569,19 +601,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
       struct Return_Value {
         Boxed_Value retval;
 
-        Return_Value(Boxed_Value t_return_value) : retval(std::move(t_return_value)) { }
+        explicit Return_Value(Boxed_Value t_return_value) : retval(std::move(t_return_value)) { }
       };
 
 
       /// Special type indicating a call to 'break'
       struct Break_Loop {
-        Break_Loop() { }
+        Break_Loop() = default;
       };
 
 
       /// Special type indicating a call to 'continue'
       struct Continue_Loop {
-        Continue_Loop() { }
+        Continue_Loop() = default;
       };
 
 
@@ -593,7 +625,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         Scope_Push_Pop(const Scope_Push_Pop &) = delete;
         Scope_Push_Pop& operator=(const Scope_Push_Pop &) = delete;
 
-        Scope_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+        explicit Scope_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
           : m_ds(t_ds)
         {
           m_ds->new_scope(m_ds.stack_holder());
@@ -617,7 +649,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         Function_Push_Pop(const Function_Push_Pop &) = delete;
         Function_Push_Pop& operator=(const Function_Push_Pop &) = delete;
 
-        Function_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+        explicit Function_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
           : m_ds(t_ds)
         {
           m_ds->new_function_call(m_ds.stack_holder(), m_ds.conversion_saves());
@@ -635,7 +667,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         void save_params(std::initializer_list<Boxed_Value> t_params)
         {
-          m_ds->save_function_params(std::move(t_params));
+          m_ds->save_function_params(t_params);
         }
 
 
@@ -651,7 +683,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         Stack_Push_Pop(const Stack_Push_Pop &) = delete;
         Stack_Push_Pop& operator=(const Stack_Push_Pop &) = delete;
 
-        Stack_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+        explicit Stack_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
           : m_ds(t_ds)
         {
           m_ds->new_stack(m_ds.stack_holder());

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_engine.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ENGINE_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_ENGINE_HPP_
 
@@ -17,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <vector>
+#include <cstring>
 
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
 #include "../chaiscript_threading.hpp"
@@ -46,7 +51,6 @@
 
 
 #include "../dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp"
-#include "chaiscript_parser.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
   /// \brief The main object that the ChaiScript user will use.
-  class ChaiScript {
+  class ChaiScript_Basic {
 
     mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex m_mutex;
     mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::recursive_mutex m_use_mutex;
@@ -79,7 +83,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     {
       try {
         const auto p = m_parser->parse(t_input, t_filename);
-        return p->eval(m_engine);
+        return p->eval(chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State(m_engine));
       }
       catch (chaiscript::eval::detail::Return_Value &rv) {
         return rv.retval;
@@ -124,7 +128,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     }
 
     /// Builds all the requirements for ChaiScript, including its evaluator and a run of its prelude.
-    void build_eval_system(const ModulePtr &t_lib) {
+    void build_eval_system(const ModulePtr &t_lib, const std::vector<Options> &t_opts) {
       if (t_lib)
       {
         add(t_lib);
@@ -145,9 +149,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
               })
           , "call_exists");
 
-//      m_engine.add(fun<Boxed_Value (const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &)>(std::bind(&chaiscript::dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::operator(), std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::ref(m_engine.conversions()))), "call");
-//
-//
 
       m_engine.add(fun(
             [=](const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base &t_fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params) -> Boxed_Value {
@@ -169,11 +170,20 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
 
-      m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_module, const std::string &t_file){ return load_module(t_module, t_file); }), "load_module");
-      m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_module){ return load_module(t_module); }), "load_module");
+      if (std::find(t_opts.begin(), t_opts.end(), Options::No_Load_Modules) == t_opts.end()
+          && std::find(t_opts.begin(), t_opts.end(), Options::Load_Modules) != t_opts.end()) 
+      {
+        m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_module, const std::string &t_file){ return load_module(t_module, t_file); }), "load_module");
+        m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_module){ return load_module(t_module); }), "load_module");
+      }
+
+      if (std::find(t_opts.begin(), t_opts.end(), Options::No_External_Scripts) == t_opts.end()
+          && std::find(t_opts.begin(), t_opts.end(), Options::External_Scripts) != t_opts.end())
+      {
+        m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_file){ return use(t_file); }), "use");
+        m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_file){ return internal_eval_file(t_file); }), "eval_file");
+      }
 
-      m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_file){ return use(t_file); }), "use");
-      m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_file){ return internal_eval_file(t_file); }), "eval_file");
       m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_str){ return internal_eval(t_str); }), "eval");
       m_engine.add(fun([this](const AST_NodePtr &t_ast){ return eval(t_ast); }), "eval");
 
@@ -210,70 +220,43 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
     }
 
+    std::vector<std::string> ensure_minimum_path_vec(std::vector<std::string> paths)
+    {
+      if (paths.empty()) { return {""}; }
+      else { return paths; }
+    }
+
   public:
+
     /// \brief Constructor for ChaiScript
     /// \param[in] t_lib Standard library to apply to this ChaiScript instance
     /// \param[in] t_modulepaths Vector of paths to search when attempting to load a binary module
     /// \param[in] t_usepaths Vector of paths to search when attempting to "use" an included ChaiScript file
-    ChaiScript(const ModulePtr &t_lib,
-               std::vector<std::string> t_modulepaths = std::vector<std::string>(),
-                      std::vector<std::string> t_usepaths = std::vector<std::string>())
-      : m_module_paths(std::move(t_modulepaths)), m_use_paths(std::move(t_usepaths)),
-        m_parser(std::make_unique<parser::ChaiScript_Parser<eval::Noop_Tracer, optimizer::Optimizer<optimizer::Block, optimizer::Caching_Id, optimizer::Constant_Fold, optimizer::If, optimizer::Return, optimizer::For_Loop>>>()),
-        m_engine(*m_parser)
-
-    {
-      if (m_module_paths.empty())
-      {
-        m_module_paths.push_back("");
-      }
-
-      if (m_use_paths.empty())
-      {
-        m_use_paths.push_back("");
-      }
-
-      build_eval_system(t_lib);
-    }
-
-    /// \brief Constructor for ChaiScript.
-    /// 
-    /// This version of the ChaiScript constructor attempts to find the stdlib module to load
-    /// at runtime generates an error if it cannot be found.
-    ///
-    /// \param[in] t_modulepaths Vector of paths to search when attempting to load a binary module
-    /// \param[in] t_usepaths Vector of paths to search when attempting to "use" an included ChaiScript file
-    ChaiScript( std::vector<std::string> t_modulepaths = std::vector<std::string>(),
-                      std::vector<std::string> t_usepaths = std::vector<std::string>())
-      : m_module_paths(std::move(t_modulepaths)), m_use_paths(std::move(t_usepaths)),
-        m_parser(std::make_unique<parser::ChaiScript_Parser<eval::Noop_Tracer, optimizer::Optimizer<optimizer::Block, optimizer::Caching_Id, optimizer::Constant_Fold, optimizer::If, optimizer::Return, optimizer::For_Loop>>>()),
+    ChaiScript_Basic(const ModulePtr &t_lib,
+                     std::unique_ptr<parser::ChaiScript_Parser_Base> &&parser,
+                     std::vector<std::string> t_module_paths = {},
+                     std::vector<std::string> t_use_paths = {},
+                     const std::vector<chaiscript::Options> &t_opts = chaiscript::default_options())
+      : m_module_paths(ensure_minimum_path_vec(std::move(t_module_paths))),
+        m_use_paths(ensure_minimum_path_vec(std::move(t_use_paths))),
+        m_parser(std::move(parser)),
         m_engine(*m_parser)
     {
-      if (m_module_paths.empty())
-      {
-        m_module_paths.push_back("");
-      }
-
-      if (m_use_paths.empty())
-      {
-        m_use_paths.push_back("");
-      }
-
 #if defined(_POSIX_VERSION) && !defined(__CYGWIN__) 
       // If on Unix, add the path of the current executable to the module search path
       // as windows would do
 
       union cast_union
       {
-        Boxed_Value (ChaiScript::*in_ptr)(const std::string&);
+        Boxed_Value (ChaiScript_Basic::*in_ptr)(const std::string&);
         void *out_ptr;
       };
 
       Dl_info rInfo; 
       memset( &rInfo, 0, sizeof(rInfo) ); 
       cast_union u;
-      u.in_ptr = &ChaiScript::use;
-      if ( dladdr(static_cast<void*>(u.out_ptr), &rInfo) && rInfo.dli_fname ) { 
+      u.in_ptr = &ChaiScript_Basic::use;
+      if ( (dladdr(static_cast<void*>(u.out_ptr), &rInfo) != 0) && (rInfo.dli_fname != nullptr) ) { 
         std::string dllpath(rInfo.dli_fname);
         const size_t lastslash = dllpath.rfind('/');
         if (lastslash != std::string::npos)
@@ -292,8 +275,22 @@ namespace chaiscript
         m_module_paths.insert(m_module_paths.begin(), dllpath+"/");
       }
 #endif
+      build_eval_system(t_lib, t_opts);
+    }
 
-
+    /// \brief Constructor for ChaiScript.
+    /// 
+    /// This version of the ChaiScript constructor attempts to find the stdlib module to load
+    /// at runtime generates an error if it cannot be found.
+    ///
+    /// \param[in] t_modulepaths Vector of paths to search when attempting to load a binary module
+    /// \param[in] t_usepaths Vector of paths to search when attempting to "use" an included ChaiScript file
+    explicit ChaiScript_Basic(std::unique_ptr<parser::ChaiScript_Parser_Base> &&parser,
+                     std::vector<std::string> t_module_paths = {},
+                     std::vector<std::string> t_use_paths = {},
+                     const std::vector<chaiscript::Options> &t_opts = chaiscript::default_options())
+      : ChaiScript_Basic({}, std::move(parser), t_module_paths, t_use_paths, t_opts)
+    {
       try {
         // attempt to load the stdlib
         load_module("chaiscript_stdlib-" + Build_Info::version());
@@ -309,15 +306,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
                   << t_err.what();
         throw;
       }
-
-      build_eval_system(ModulePtr());
     }
 
+    parser::ChaiScript_Parser_Base &get_parser()
+    {
+      return *m_parser;
+    }
 
     const Boxed_Value eval(const AST_NodePtr &t_ast)
     {
       try {
-        return t_ast->eval(m_engine);
+        return t_ast->eval(chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State(m_engine));
       } catch (const exception::eval_error &t_ee) {
         throw Boxed_Value(t_ee);
       }
@@ -385,8 +384,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \param[in] t_name Name of the value to add
     /// \throw chaiscript::exception::global_non_const If t_bv is not a constant object
     /// \sa Boxed_Value::is_const
-    ChaiScript &add_global_const(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name)
+    ChaiScript_Basic &add_global_const(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name)
     {
+      Name_Validator::validate_object_name(t_name);
       m_engine.add_global_const(t_bv, t_name);
       return *this;
     }
@@ -396,14 +396,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \param[in] t_name Name of the value to add
     /// \warning The user is responsible for making sure the object is thread-safe if necessary
     ///          ChaiScript is thread-safe but provides no threading locking mechanism to the script
-    ChaiScript &add_global(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name)
+    ChaiScript_Basic &add_global(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name)
     {
+      Name_Validator::validate_object_name(t_name);
       m_engine.add_global(t_bv, t_name);
       return *this;
     }
 
-    ChaiScript &set_global(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name)
+    ChaiScript_Basic &set_global(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name)
     {
+      Name_Validator::validate_object_name(t_name);
       m_engine.set_global(t_bv, t_name);
       return *this;
     }
@@ -501,8 +503,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
     ///
     /// \sa \ref adding_items
     template<typename T>
-    ChaiScript &add(const T &t_t, const std::string &t_name)
+    ChaiScript_Basic &add(const T &t_t, const std::string &t_name)
     {
+      Name_Validator::validate_object_name(t_name);
       m_engine.add(t_t, t_name);
       return *this;
     }
@@ -516,7 +519,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
     /// chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<std::runtime_error, chaiscript::dispatch_error>());
     /// \endcode
-    ChaiScript &add(const Type_Conversion &d)
+    ChaiScript_Basic &add(const Type_Conversion &d)
     {
       m_engine.add(d);
       return *this;
@@ -525,7 +528,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \brief Adds all elements of a module to ChaiScript runtime
     /// \param[in] t_p The module to add.
     /// \sa chaiscript::Module
-    ChaiScript &add(const ModulePtr &t_p)
+    ChaiScript_Basic &add(const ModulePtr &t_p)
     {
       t_p->apply(*this, this->get_eval_engine());
       return *this;

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_eval.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_EVAL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_EVAL_HPP_
 
@@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     {
       /// Helper function that will set up the scope around a function call, including handling the named function parameters
       template<typename T>
-      static Boxed_Value eval_function(chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss, const AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &t_node, const std::vector<std::string> &t_param_names, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_vals, const std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> *t_locals=nullptr) {
+      static Boxed_Value eval_function(chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss, const AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &t_node, const std::vector<std::string> &t_param_names, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_vals, const std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> *t_locals=nullptr, bool has_this_capture = false) {
         chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State state(t_ss);
 
         const Boxed_Value *thisobj = [&]() -> const Boxed_Value *{
@@ -64,7 +68,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }();
 
         chaiscript::eval::detail::Stack_Push_Pop tpp(state);
-        if (thisobj) state.add_object("this", *thisobj);
+        if (thisobj && !has_this_capture) { state.add_object("this", *thisobj); }
 
         if (t_locals) {
           for (const auto &local : *t_locals) {
@@ -86,18 +90,21 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
     }
 
-
-
     template<typename T>
     struct AST_Node_Impl : AST_Node 
     {
       AST_Node_Impl(std::string t_ast_node_text, AST_Node_Type t_id, Parse_Location t_loc, 
                std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children = std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>>())
-        : AST_Node(std::move(t_ast_node_text), std::move(t_id), std::move(t_loc)),
+        : AST_Node(std::move(t_ast_node_text), t_id, std::move(t_loc)),
           children(std::move(t_children))
       {
       }
 
+      static bool get_scoped_bool_condition(const AST_Node_Impl<T> &node, const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) {
+        chaiscript::eval::detail::Scope_Push_Pop spp(t_ss);
+        return get_bool_condition(node.eval(t_ss), t_ss);
+      }
+
 
       std::vector<AST_NodePtr> get_children() const final {
         return {children.begin(), children.end()};
@@ -141,6 +148,52 @@ namespace chaiscript
         AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> m_original_node;
     };
 
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct Fold_Right_Binary_Operator_AST_Node : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
+        Fold_Right_Binary_Operator_AST_Node(const std::string &t_oper, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children, Boxed_Value t_rhs) :
+          AST_Node_Impl<T>(t_oper, AST_Node_Type::Binary, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)),
+          m_oper(Operators::to_operator(t_oper)),
+          m_rhs(std::move(t_rhs))
+        { }
+
+        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
+          return do_oper(t_ss, this->text, this->children[0]->eval(t_ss));
+        }
+
+      protected:
+        Boxed_Value do_oper(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss, 
+            const std::string &t_oper_string, const Boxed_Value &t_lhs) const
+        {
+          try {
+            if (t_lhs.get_type_info().is_arithmetic())
+            {
+              // If it's an arithmetic operation we want to short circuit dispatch
+              try{
+                return Boxed_Number::do_oper(m_oper, t_lhs, m_rhs);
+              } catch (const chaiscript::exception::arithmetic_error &) {
+                throw;
+              } catch (...) {
+                throw exception::eval_error("Error with numeric operator calling: " + t_oper_string);
+              }
+            } else {
+              chaiscript::eval::detail::Function_Push_Pop fpp(t_ss);
+              fpp.save_params({t_lhs, m_rhs});
+              return t_ss->call_function(t_oper_string, m_loc, {t_lhs, m_rhs}, t_ss.conversions());
+            }
+          }
+          catch(const exception::dispatch_error &e){
+            throw exception::eval_error("Can not find appropriate '" + t_oper_string + "' operator.", e.parameters, e.functions, false, *t_ss);
+          }
+        }
+
+      private:
+        Operators::Opers m_oper;
+        Boxed_Value m_rhs;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
+    };
+
+
     template<typename T>
     struct Binary_Operator_AST_Node : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Binary_Operator_AST_Node(const std::string &t_oper, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
@@ -182,7 +235,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       private:
         Operators::Opers m_oper;
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
     };
 
 
@@ -194,6 +247,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       }
 
+      explicit Constant_AST_Node(Boxed_Value t_value)
+        : AST_Node_Impl<T>("", AST_Node_Type::Constant, Parse_Location()),
+          m_value(std::move(t_value))
+      {
+      }
+
       Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &) const override {
         return m_value;
       }
@@ -201,45 +260,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
       Boxed_Value m_value;
     };
 
-    template<typename T>
-    struct Caching_Id_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
-        Caching_Id_AST_Node(const std::string &t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc) :
-          AST_Node_Impl<T>(t_ast_node_text, AST_Node_Type::Caching_Id, std::move(t_loc)),
-          m_loc(0),
-          m_cache(this)
-        { }
-
-        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
-          try {
-            const uint32_t loc = m_loc;
-            if (loc == 0) {
-              Boxed_Value bv = t_ss.get_object(this->text, m_loc);
-              if ((m_loc & 0x40000000) == 0) {
-                *m_cache = bv;
-              }
-              return bv;
-            } else if ((loc & 0x40000000) != 0) {
-              /// \todo this is a magic number now to see if it's a local - we shouldn't be doing this
-              return t_ss.get_object(this->text, m_loc);
-            } else {
-              return *m_cache;
-            }
-          }
-          catch (std::exception &) {
-            throw exception::eval_error("Can not find object: " + this->text);
-          }
-        }
-
-      private:
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
-        mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<Boxed_Value> m_cache;
-    };
-
     template<typename T>
     struct Id_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Id_AST_Node(const std::string &t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc) :
-          AST_Node_Impl<T>(t_ast_node_text, AST_Node_Type::Id, std::move(t_loc)),
-          m_loc(0)
+          AST_Node_Impl<T>(t_ast_node_text, AST_Node_Type::Id, std::move(t_loc))
         { }
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
@@ -252,17 +276,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       private:
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
     };
 
-
-
     template<typename T>
-    struct Fun_Call_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
+    struct Fun_Call_AST_Node : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Fun_Call_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Fun_Call, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)) { }
 
-        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override
+        template<bool Save_Params>
+        Boxed_Value do_eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const
         {
           chaiscript::eval::detail::Function_Push_Pop fpp(t_ss);
 
@@ -273,12 +296,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
             params.push_back(child->eval(t_ss));
           }
 
-          fpp.save_params(params);
+          if (Save_Params) {
+            fpp.save_params(params);
+          }
 
           Boxed_Value fn(this->children[0]->eval(t_ss));
 
           try {
-            return (*t_ss->boxed_cast<const Const_Proxy_Function &>(fn))(params, t_ss.conversions());
+            return (*t_ss->boxed_cast<const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *>(fn))(params, t_ss.conversions());
           }
           catch(const exception::dispatch_error &e){
             throw exception::eval_error(std::string(e.what()) + " with function '" + this->children[0]->text + "'", e.parameters, e.functions, false, *t_ss);
@@ -303,10 +328,28 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
+        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override
+        {
+          return do_eval_internal<true>(t_ss);
+        }
 
     };
 
 
+    template<typename T>
+    struct Unused_Return_Fun_Call_AST_Node final : Fun_Call_AST_Node<T> {
+        Unused_Return_Fun_Call_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
+          Fun_Call_AST_Node<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)) { }
+
+        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override
+        {
+          return this->template do_eval_internal<false>(t_ss);
+        }
+    };
+
+
+
+
 
     template<typename T>
     struct Arg_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
@@ -370,7 +413,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         Equation_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Equation, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)), 
           m_oper(Operators::to_operator(this->text))
-        { assert(children.size() == 2); }
+        { assert(this->children.size() == 2); }
 
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
@@ -394,13 +437,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
             try {
 
               if (lhs.is_undef()) {
-                if ((!this->children.empty()
+                if (!this->children.empty()
                      && ((this->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Reference)
                          || (!this->children[0]->children.empty()
                               && this->children[0]->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Reference)
                        )
-                    )
                    )
+                  
                 {
                   /// \todo This does not handle the case of an unassigned reference variable
                   ///       being assigned outside of its declaration
@@ -448,8 +491,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       private:
         Operators::Opers m_oper;
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_clone_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_clone_loc = {0};
     };
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -467,12 +510,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
               }
             }();
 
-          try {
-            return t_ss->add_global_no_throw(Boxed_Value(), idname);
-          }
-          catch (const exception::reserved_word_error &) {
-            throw exception::eval_error("Reserved word used as global '" + idname + "'");
-          }
+          return t_ss->add_global_no_throw(Boxed_Value(), idname);
 
         }
     };
@@ -490,9 +528,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
             Boxed_Value bv;
             t_ss.add_object(idname, bv);
             return bv;
-          }
-          catch (const exception::reserved_word_error &) {
-            throw exception::eval_error("Reserved word used as variable '" + idname + "'");
           } catch (const exception::name_conflict_error &e) {
             throw exception::eval_error("Variable redefined '" + e.name() + "'");
           }
@@ -521,7 +556,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
       private:
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
     };
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -577,8 +612,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       private:
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_array_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_array_loc = {0};
         const std::string m_fun_name;
     };
 
@@ -587,7 +622,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
     struct Lambda_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Lambda_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(t_ast_node_text, AST_Node_Type::Lambda, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)),
-          m_param_names(Arg_List_AST_Node<T>::get_arg_names(this->children[1])) { }
+          m_param_names(Arg_List_AST_Node<T>::get_arg_names(this->children[1])),
+          m_this_capture(has_this_capture(this->children[0]->children))
+        { }
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
 
@@ -607,20 +644,43 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           return Boxed_Value(
               dispatch::make_dynamic_proxy_function(
-                  [engine, lambda_node, param_names = this->m_param_names, captures](const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params)
+                  [engine, lambda_node, param_names = this->m_param_names, captures, this_capture = this->m_this_capture](const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params)
                   {
-                    return detail::eval_function(engine, lambda_node, param_names, t_params, &captures);
+                    return detail::eval_function(engine, lambda_node, param_names, t_params, &captures, this_capture);
                   },
                   static_cast<int>(numparams), lambda_node, param_types
                 )
               );
         }
 
+        static bool has_this_capture(const std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> &children) {
+          return std::any_of(std::begin(children), std::end(children),
+                [](const auto &child){
+                  return child->children[0]->text == "this";
+                }
+              );
+        }
+
       private:
         const std::vector<std::string> m_param_names;
+        const bool m_this_capture = false;
 
     };
 
+    template<typename T>
+    struct Scopeless_Block_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
+        Scopeless_Block_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
+          AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Scopeless_Block, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)) { }
+
+        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
+          const auto num_children = this->children.size();
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < num_children-1; ++i) {
+            this->children[i]->eval(t_ss);
+          }
+          return this->children.back()->eval(t_ss);
+        }
+    };
+
     template<typename T>
     struct Block_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Block_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
@@ -689,9 +749,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
                   },
                   static_cast<int>(numparams), this->children.back(),
                   param_types, guard), l_function_name);
-          }
-          catch (const exception::reserved_word_error &e) {
-            throw exception::eval_error("Reserved word used as function name '" + e.word() + "'");
           } catch (const exception::name_conflict_error &e) {
             throw exception::eval_error("Function redefined '" + e.name() + "'");
           }
@@ -709,7 +766,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           chaiscript::eval::detail::Scope_Push_Pop spp(t_ss);
 
           try {
-            while (this->get_bool_condition(this->children[0]->eval(t_ss))) {
+            while (this->get_scoped_bool_condition(*this->children[0], t_ss)) {
               try {
                 this->children[1]->eval(t_ss);
               } catch (detail::Continue_Loop &) {
@@ -750,22 +807,96 @@ namespace chaiscript
         If_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::If, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)) 
         { 
-          assert(this->children.size() == 2 || this->children.size() == 3);
+          assert(this->children.size() == 3);
         }
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
-          if (this->get_bool_condition(this->children[0]->eval(t_ss))) {
+          if (this->get_bool_condition(this->children[0]->eval(t_ss), t_ss)) {
             return this->children[1]->eval(t_ss);
           } else {
-            if (this->children.size() == 3) {
-              return this->children[2]->eval(t_ss);
-            } else {
-              return void_var();
-            }
+            return this->children[2]->eval(t_ss);
           }
         }
     };
 
+    template<typename T>
+    struct Ranged_For_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
+        Ranged_For_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
+          AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Ranged_For, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children))
+          { assert(this->children.size() == 3); }
+
+        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override{
+          const auto get_function = [&t_ss](const std::string &t_name, auto &t_hint){
+            uint_fast32_t hint = t_hint;
+            auto funs = t_ss->get_function(t_name, hint);
+            if (funs.first != hint) { t_hint = uint_fast32_t(funs.first); }
+            return std::move(funs.second);
+          };
+
+          const auto call_function = [&t_ss](const auto &t_funcs, const Boxed_Value &t_param) {
+            return dispatch::dispatch(*t_funcs, {t_param}, t_ss.conversions());
+          };
+
+
+          const std::string &loop_var_name = this->children[0]->text;
+          Boxed_Value range_expression_result = this->children[1]->eval(t_ss);
+
+
+          const auto do_loop = [&loop_var_name, &t_ss, this](const auto &ranged_thing){
+            try {
+              chaiscript::eval::detail::Scope_Push_Pop spp(t_ss);
+              Boxed_Value &obj = t_ss.add_get_object(loop_var_name, void_var());
+              for (auto loop_var : ranged_thing) {
+                obj = Boxed_Value(std::move(loop_var));
+                try {
+                  this->children[2]->eval(t_ss);
+                } catch (detail::Continue_Loop &) {
+                }
+              }
+            } catch (detail::Break_Loop &) {
+              // loop broken
+            }
+            return void_var();
+          };
+
+          if (range_expression_result.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(std::vector<Boxed_Value>))) {
+            return do_loop(boxed_cast<const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &>(range_expression_result));
+          } else if (range_expression_result.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>))) {
+            return do_loop(boxed_cast<const std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> &>(range_expression_result));
+          } else {
+            const auto range_funcs = get_function("range", m_range_loc);
+            const auto empty_funcs = get_function("empty", m_empty_loc);
+            const auto front_funcs = get_function("front", m_front_loc);
+            const auto pop_front_funcs = get_function("pop_front", m_pop_front_loc);
+
+            try {
+              const auto range_obj = call_function(range_funcs, range_expression_result);
+              chaiscript::eval::detail::Scope_Push_Pop spp(t_ss);
+              Boxed_Value &obj = t_ss.add_get_object(loop_var_name, void_var());
+              while (!boxed_cast<bool>(call_function(empty_funcs, range_obj))) {
+                obj = call_function(front_funcs, range_obj);
+                try {
+                  this->children[2]->eval(t_ss);
+                } catch (detail::Continue_Loop &) {
+                }
+                call_function(pop_front_funcs, range_obj);
+              }
+            } catch (detail::Break_Loop &) {
+              // loop broken
+            }
+            return void_var();
+          }
+
+        }
+
+      private:
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_range_loc = {0};
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_empty_loc = {0};
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_front_loc = {0};
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_pop_front_loc = {0};
+    };
+
+
     template<typename T>
     struct For_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         For_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
@@ -778,7 +909,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           try {
             for (
                 this->children[0]->eval(t_ss);
-                this->get_bool_condition(this->children[1]->eval(t_ss));
+                this->get_scoped_bool_condition(*this->children[1], t_ss);
                 this->children[2]->eval(t_ss)
                 ) {
               try {
@@ -840,14 +971,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return void_var();
         }
 
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
     };
 
     template<typename T>
     struct Case_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Case_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Case, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)) 
-        { assert(children.size() == 2); /* how many children does it have? */ }
+        { assert(this->children.size() == 2); /* how many children does it have? */ }
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
           chaiscript::eval::detail::Scope_Push_Pop spp(t_ss);
@@ -862,7 +993,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     struct Default_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Default_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Default, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children))
-        { assert(children.size() == 1); }
+        { assert(this->children.size() == 1); }
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override {
           chaiscript::eval::detail::Scope_Push_Pop spp(t_ss);
@@ -901,7 +1032,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       private:
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
     };
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -909,7 +1040,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         Inline_Map_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Inline_Map, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)) { }
 
-        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override{
+        Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override
+        {
           try {
             std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> retval;
 
@@ -930,7 +1062,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       private:
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
     };
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -977,17 +1109,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
     struct Reference_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Reference_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Reference, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children))
-        { assert(children.size() == 1); }
+        { assert(this->children.size() == 1); }
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override{
-          try {
-            Boxed_Value bv;
-            t_ss.add_object(this->children[0]->text, bv);
-            return bv;
-          }
-          catch (const exception::reserved_word_error &) {
-            throw exception::eval_error("Reserved word used as variable '" + this->children[0]->text + "'");
-          }
+          Boxed_Value bv;
+          t_ss.add_object(this->children[0]->text, bv);
+          return bv;
         }
     };
 
@@ -1017,15 +1144,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       private:
-        Operators::Opers m_oper;
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
+        Operators::Opers m_oper = Operators::Opers::invalid;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
     };
 
     template<typename T>
     struct Break_AST_Node final : AST_Node_Impl<T> {
         Break_AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, Parse_Location t_loc, std::vector<AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> t_children) :
           AST_Node_Impl<T>(std::move(t_ast_node_text), AST_Node_Type::Break, std::move(t_loc), std::move(t_children)) { }
-        
+
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &) const override{
           throw detail::Break_Loop();
         }
@@ -1048,10 +1175,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
         { }
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &) const override{
-          // It's a no-op, that evaluates to "true"
-          // the magic-static version of const_var(true) helps us here
-          return const_var(true);
+          // It's a no-op, that evaluates to "void"
+          return val;
         }
+
+        Boxed_Value val = void_var();
     };
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -1083,7 +1211,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       private:
-        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc;
+        mutable std::atomic_uint_fast32_t m_loc = {0};
     };
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -1113,7 +1241,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
               if (dispatch::Param_Types(
                     std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info>>{Arg_List_AST_Node<T>::get_arg_type(catch_block->children[0], t_ss)}
-                    ).match(std::vector<Boxed_Value>{t_except}, t_ss.conversions()))
+                    ).match(std::vector<Boxed_Value>{t_except}, t_ss.conversions()).first)
               {
                 t_ss.add_object(name, t_except);
 
@@ -1161,11 +1289,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
           try {
             retval = this->children[0]->eval(t_ss);
           }
-          catch (exception::eval_error &) {
-            if (this->children.back()->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Finally) {
-              this->children.back()->children[0]->eval(t_ss);
-            }
-            throw;
+          catch (const exception::eval_error &e) {
+            retval = handle_exception(t_ss, Boxed_Value(std::ref(e)));
           }
           catch (const std::runtime_error &e) {
             retval = handle_exception(t_ss, Boxed_Value(std::ref(e)));
@@ -1217,30 +1342,27 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> guardnode;
 
-          const auto d = t_ss->get_parent_locals();
-          const auto itr = d.find("_current_class_name");
-          const auto class_offset = (itr != d.end())?-1:0;
-          const std::string & class_name = (itr != d.end())?std::string(boxed_cast<std::string>(itr->second)):this->children[0]->text;
+          const std::string & class_name = this->children[0]->text;
 
           //The first param of a method is always the implied this ptr.
           std::vector<std::string> t_param_names{"this"};
           dispatch::Param_Types param_types;
 
-          if ((this->children.size() > static_cast<size_t>(3 + class_offset)) 
-               && (this->children[static_cast<size_t>(2 + class_offset)]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Arg_List)) {
-            auto args = Arg_List_AST_Node<T>::get_arg_names(this->children[static_cast<size_t>(2 + class_offset)]);
+          if ((this->children.size() > 3) 
+               && (this->children[2]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Arg_List)) {
+            auto args = Arg_List_AST_Node<T>::get_arg_names(this->children[2]);
             t_param_names.insert(t_param_names.end(), args.begin(), args.end());
-            param_types = Arg_List_AST_Node<T>::get_arg_types(this->children[static_cast<size_t>(2 + class_offset)], t_ss);
+            param_types = Arg_List_AST_Node<T>::get_arg_types(this->children[2], t_ss);
 
-            if (this->children.size() > static_cast<size_t>(4 + class_offset)) {
-              guardnode = this->children[static_cast<size_t>(3 + class_offset)];
+            if (this->children.size() > 4) {
+              guardnode = this->children[3];
             }
           }
           else {
             //no parameters
 
-            if (this->children.size() > static_cast<size_t>(3 + class_offset)) {
-              guardnode = this->children[static_cast<size_t>(2 + class_offset)];
+            if (this->children.size() > 3) {
+              guardnode = this->children[2];
             }
           }
 
@@ -1257,7 +1379,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
           try {
-            const std::string & function_name = this->children[static_cast<size_t>(1 + class_offset)]->text;
+            const std::string & function_name = this->children[1]->text;
             auto node = this->children.back();
 
             if (function_name == class_name) {
@@ -1288,9 +1410,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
                       static_cast<int>(numparams), node, param_types, guard), type), 
                   function_name);
             }
-          }
-          catch (const exception::reserved_word_error &e) {
-            throw exception::eval_error("Reserved word used as method name '" + e.word() + "'");
           } catch (const exception::name_conflict_error &e) {
             throw exception::eval_error("Method redefined '" + e.name() + "'");
           }
@@ -1306,13 +1425,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override 
         {
-          const auto &d = t_ss->get_parent_locals();
-          const auto itr = d.find("_current_class_name");
-          const auto class_offset = (itr != d.end())?-1:0;
-          std::string class_name = (itr != d.end())?std::string(boxed_cast<std::string>(itr->second)):this->children[0]->text;
+          std::string class_name = this->children[0]->text;
 
           try {
-            std::string attr_name = this->children[static_cast<size_t>(1 + class_offset)]->text;
+            std::string attr_name = this->children[1]->text;
 
             t_ss->add(
                 std::make_shared<dispatch::detail::Dynamic_Object_Function>(
@@ -1322,11 +1438,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                          }),
                      true
 
-                ), this->children[static_cast<size_t>(1 + class_offset)]->text);
-
-          }
-          catch (const exception::reserved_word_error &) {
-            throw exception::eval_error("Reserved word used as attribute '" + this->children[static_cast<size_t>(1 + class_offset)]->text + "'");
+                ), this->children[1]->text);
           } catch (const exception::name_conflict_error &e) {
             throw exception::eval_error("Attribute redefined '" + e.name() + "'");
           }
@@ -1344,8 +1456,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override
         {
-          return const_var(this->get_bool_condition(this->children[0]->eval(t_ss))
-              && this->get_bool_condition(this->children[1]->eval(t_ss)));
+          return const_var(this->get_bool_condition(this->children[0]->eval(t_ss), t_ss)
+              && this->get_bool_condition(this->children[1]->eval(t_ss), t_ss));
         }
 
     };
@@ -1358,8 +1470,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) const override
         {
-          return const_var(this->get_bool_condition(this->children[0]->eval(t_ss))
-              || this->get_bool_condition(this->children[1]->eval(t_ss)));
+          return const_var(this->get_bool_condition(this->children[0]->eval(t_ss), t_ss)
+              || this->get_bool_condition(this->children[1]->eval(t_ss), t_ss));
         }
     };
   }

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_optimizer.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_OPTIMIZER_HPP_
@@ -17,25 +17,34 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       struct Optimizer : T...
     {
       Optimizer() = default;
-      Optimizer(T ... t)
+      explicit Optimizer(T ... t)
         : T(std::move(t))...
       {
       }
 
       template<typename Tracer>
       auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<Tracer> p) {
-        (void)std::initializer_list<int>{ (p = T::optimize(p), 0)... };
+        (void)std::initializer_list<int>{ (p = static_cast<T&>(*this).optimize(p), 0)... };
         return p;
       }
     };
 
     template<typename T>
       auto child_at(const eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &node, const size_t offset) {
+        if (node->children[offset]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Compiled) {
+          return dynamic_cast<const eval::Compiled_AST_Node<T>&>(*node->children[offset]).m_original_node;
+        } else {
+          return node->children[offset];
+        }
+
+
+        /*
         if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Compiled) {
           return dynamic_cast<const eval::Compiled_AST_Node<T>&>(*node).m_original_node->children[offset];
         } else {
           return node->children[offset];
         }
+        */
       }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -58,7 +67,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       template<typename T>
       auto optimize(const eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &p)
       {
-        if (p->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Def
+        if ( (p->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Def || p->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Lambda)
             && !p->children.empty())
         {
           auto &last_child = p->children.back();
@@ -88,6 +97,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       for (size_t i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
         const auto &child = child_at(node, i);
         if (child->identifier != AST_Node_Type::Block
+            && child->identifier != AST_Node_Type::For
             && contains_var_decl_in_scope(child)) {
           return true;
         }
@@ -99,21 +109,94 @@ namespace chaiscript {
     struct Block {
       template<typename T>
       auto optimize(const eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &node) {
-        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block
-            && node->children.size() == 1
-            && !contains_var_decl_in_scope(node))
+        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block)
         {
-          return node->children[0];
-        } else {
+          if (!contains_var_decl_in_scope(node))
+          {
+            if (node->children.size() == 1) {
+              return node->children[0];
+            } else {
+              return chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Scopeless_Block_AST_Node<T>>(node->text, node->location, node->children);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        return node;
+      }
+    };
+
+    struct Dead_Code {
+      template<typename T>
+        auto optimize(const eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &node) {
+          if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block)
+          {
+            std::vector<size_t> keepers;
+            const auto num_children = node->children.size();
+            keepers.reserve(num_children);
+
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < num_children; ++i) {
+              auto child = node->children[i];
+              if ( (child->identifier != AST_Node_Type::Id
+                    && child->identifier != AST_Node_Type::Constant
+                    && child->identifier != AST_Node_Type::Noop)
+                  || i == num_children - 1) {
+                keepers.push_back(i);
+              }
+            }
+
+            if (keepers.size() == num_children) {
+              return node;
+            } else {
+              std::vector<eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> new_children;
+              for (const auto x : keepers)
+              {
+                new_children.push_back(node->children[x]);
+              }
+              return chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Block_AST_Node<T>>(node->text, node->location, new_children);
+            }
+          } else {
+            return node;
+          }
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct Unused_Return {
+      template<typename T>
+        auto optimize(const eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &node) {
+          if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block
+              || node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Scopeless_Block)
+              && !node->children.empty())
+          {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < node->children.size()-1; ++i) {
+              auto child = node->children[i];
+              if (child->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Fun_Call) {
+                node->children[i] = chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Unused_Return_Fun_Call_AST_Node<T>>(child->text, child->location, std::move(child->children));
+              }
+            }
+          } else if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::For
+                      || node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::While)
+                     && child_count(node) > 0) {
+            auto child = child_at(node, child_count(node) - 1);
+            if (child->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block
+                || child->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Scopeless_Block)
+            {
+              auto num_sub_children = child_count(child);
+              for (size_t i = 0; i < num_sub_children; ++i) {
+                auto sub_child = child_at(child, i);
+                if (sub_child->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Fun_Call) {
+                  child->children[i] = chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Unused_Return_Fun_Call_AST_Node<T>>(sub_child->text, sub_child->location, std::move(sub_child->children));
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
           return node;
         }
-      }
     };
 
     struct If {
       template<typename T>
       auto optimize(const eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &node) {
-        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::If
+        if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::If)
              && node->children.size() >= 2
              && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant)
         {
@@ -131,15 +214,31 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       }
     };
 
-    struct Caching_Id {
+    struct Partial_Fold {
       template<typename T>
       auto optimize(const eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &node) {
-        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Id)
+
+        // Fold right side
+        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Binary
+            && node->children.size() == 2
+            && node->children[0]->identifier != AST_Node_Type::Constant
+            && node->children[1]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant)
         {
-          return chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Caching_Id_AST_Node<T>>(node->text, node->location);
-        } else {
-          return node;
+          try {
+            const auto &oper = node->text;
+            const auto parsed = Operators::to_operator(oper);
+            if (parsed != Operators::Opers::invalid) {
+              const auto rhs = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(node->children[1])->m_value;
+              if (rhs.get_type_info().is_arithmetic()) {
+                return chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Fold_Right_Binary_Operator_AST_Node<T>>(node->text, node->location, node->children, rhs);
+              }
+            }
+          } catch (const std::exception &) {
+            //failure to fold, that's OK
+          }
         }
+
+        return node;
       }
     };
 
@@ -147,7 +246,46 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       template<typename T>
       auto optimize(const eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> &node) {
 
-        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Binary
+        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Prefix
+            && node->children.size() == 1
+            && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant)
+        {
+          try {
+            const auto &oper = node->text;
+            const auto parsed = Operators::to_operator(oper, true);
+            const auto lhs = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(node->children[0])->m_value;
+            const auto match = oper + node->children[0]->text;
+
+            if (parsed != Operators::Opers::invalid && parsed != Operators::Opers::bitwise_and && lhs.get_type_info().is_arithmetic()) {
+              const auto val  = Boxed_Number::do_oper(parsed, lhs);
+              return chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(match), node->location, std::move(val));
+            } else if (lhs.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(bool)) && oper == "!") {
+              return chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(match), node->location, Boxed_Value(!boxed_cast<bool>(lhs)));
+            }
+          } catch (const std::exception &) {
+            //failure to fold, that's OK
+          }
+        } else if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Logical_And || node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Logical_Or)
+            && node->children.size() == 2
+            && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant
+            && node->children[1]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant)
+        {
+          try {
+            const auto lhs = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(node->children[0])->m_value;
+            const auto rhs = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(node->children[1])->m_value;
+            if (lhs.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(bool)) && rhs.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(bool))) {
+              const auto match = node->children[0]->text + " " + node->text + " " + node->children[1]->text;
+              const auto val = [lhs_val = boxed_cast<bool>(lhs), rhs_val = boxed_cast<bool>(rhs), id = node->identifier] {
+                if (id == AST_Node_Type::Logical_And) { return Boxed_Value(lhs_val && rhs_val); }
+                else { return Boxed_Value(lhs_val || rhs_val); }
+              }();
+
+              return chaiscript::make_shared<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(match), node->location, std::move(val));
+            }
+          } catch (const std::exception &) {
+            //failure to fold, that's OK
+          }
+        } else if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Binary
             && node->children.size() == 2
             && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant
             && node->children[1]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant)
@@ -191,8 +329,11 @@ namespace chaiscript {
               return make_constant(Boxed_Number(arg).get_as<float>());
             } else if (fun_name == "long") {
               return make_constant(Boxed_Number(arg).get_as<long>());
+            } else if (fun_name == "size_t") {
+              return make_constant(Boxed_Number(arg).get_as<size_t>());
             }
 
+
           }
 
         }
@@ -276,6 +417,8 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       }
     };
 
+    typedef Optimizer<optimizer::Partial_Fold, optimizer::Unused_Return, optimizer::Constant_Fold, 
+      optimizer::If, optimizer::Return, optimizer::Dead_Code, optimizer::Block, optimizer::For_Loop> Optimizer_Default; 
 
   }
 }

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_posix.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_POSIX_HPP_
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
     {
       struct DLModule
       {
-        DLModule(const std::string &t_filename)
+        explicit DLModule(const std::string &t_filename)
           : m_data(dlopen(t_filename.c_str(), RTLD_NOW))
         {
-          if (!m_data)
+          if (m_data == nullptr)
           {
             throw chaiscript::exception::load_module_error(dlerror());
           }

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// and 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// and 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_tracer.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_TRACER_HPP_
@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@
 namespace chaiscript {
   namespace eval {
 
-    struct Noop_Tracer
+
+    struct Noop_Tracer_Detail
     {
       template<typename T>
-        static void trace(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &, const AST_Node_Impl<T> *)
+        void trace(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &, const AST_Node_Impl<T> *)
         {
         }
     };
@@ -22,13 +23,13 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       struct Tracer : T...
     {
       Tracer() = default;
-      Tracer(T ... t)
+      explicit Tracer(T ... t)
         : T(std::move(t))...
       {
       }
 
       void do_trace(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &ds, const AST_Node_Impl<Tracer<T...>> *node) {
-        (void)std::initializer_list<int>{ (T::trace(ds, node), 0)... };
+        (void)std::initializer_list<int>{ (static_cast<T&>(*this).trace(ds, node), 0)... };
       }
 
       static void trace(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &ds, const AST_Node_Impl<Tracer<T...>> *node) {
@@ -36,6 +37,8 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       }
     };
 
+    typedef Tracer<Noop_Tracer_Detail> Noop_Tracer;
+
   }
 }
 

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_unknown.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_UNKNOWN_HPP_

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_windows.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_WINDOWS_HPP_
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       struct DLModule
       {
-        DLModule(const std::string &t_filename)
+        explicit DLModule(const std::string &t_filename)
           : m_data(LoadLibrary(to_proper_string(t_filename).c_str()))
         {
           if (!m_data)

include/chaiscript/utility/fnv1a.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_FNV1A_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_FNV1A_HPP_
+
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+
+
+  namespace utility
+  {
+
+
+    static constexpr std::uint32_t fnv1a_32(const char *s, std::uint32_t h = 0x811c9dc5) {
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4307)
+#endif
+      return (*s == 0) ? h : fnv1a_32(s+1, ((h ^ (*s)) * 0x01000193));
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+    }
+
+
+  }
+
+
+}
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/utility/json.hpp

@@ -47,6 +47,79 @@ class JSON
     };
 
   private:
+
+    struct QuickFlatMap
+    {
+      auto find(const std::string &s) {
+        return std::find_if(std::begin(data), std::end(data), [&s](const auto &d) { return d.first == s; });
+      }
+
+      auto find(const std::string &s) const {
+        return std::find_if(std::begin(data), std::end(data), [&s](const auto &d) { return d.first == s; });
+      }
+
+      auto size() const {
+        return data.size();
+      }
+
+      auto begin() const {
+        return data.begin();
+      }
+
+      auto end() const {
+        return data.end();
+      }
+
+
+      auto begin() {
+        return data.begin();
+      }
+
+      auto end() {
+        return data.end();
+      }
+
+
+      JSON &operator[](const std::string &s) {
+        const auto itr = find(s);
+        if (itr != data.end()) {
+          return itr->second;
+        } else {
+          data.emplace_back(s, JSON());
+          return data.back().second;
+        }
+      }
+
+      JSON &at(const std::string &s) {
+        const auto itr = find(s);
+        if (itr != data.end()) {
+          return itr->second;
+        } else {
+          throw std::out_of_range("Unknown key: " + s);
+        }
+      }
+
+      const JSON &at(const std::string &s) const {
+        const auto itr = find(s);
+        if (itr != data.end()) {
+          return itr->second;
+        } else {
+          throw std::out_of_range("Unknown key: " + s);
+        }
+      }
+
+      size_t count(const std::string &s) const {
+        return (find(s) != data.end())?1:0;
+      }
+
+      std::vector<std::pair<std::string, JSON>> data;
+
+      using iterator = decltype(data)::iterator;
+      using const_iterator = decltype(data)::const_iterator;
+
+
+    };
+
     struct Internal {
       template<typename T>
         auto clone(const std::unique_ptr<T> &ptr) {
@@ -100,7 +173,7 @@ class JSON
         String.reset();
 
         switch( type ) {
-          case Class::Object:    Map    = std::make_unique<std::map<std::string,JSON>>(); break;
+          case Class::Object:    Map    = std::make_unique<QuickFlatMap>(); break;
           case Class::Array:     List   = std::make_unique<std::vector<JSON>>();      break;
           case Class::String:    String = std::make_unique<std::string>();           break;
           case Class::Floating:  Float  = 0.0;                    break;
@@ -116,7 +189,7 @@ class JSON
       Internal &operator=(Internal &&) = default;
 
       std::unique_ptr<std::vector<JSON>>      List;
-      std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string,JSON>> Map;
+      std::unique_ptr<QuickFlatMap> Map;
       std::unique_ptr<std::string>           String;
       double              Float = 0;
       long                Int = 0;
@@ -229,7 +302,7 @@ class JSON
 
     bool has_key( const std::string &key ) const {
       if( internal.Type == Class::Object ) {
-        return internal.Map->find( key ) != internal.Map->end();
+        return internal.Map->count(key) != 0;
       }
 
       return false;
@@ -274,11 +347,11 @@ class JSON
       return ok ? internal.Bool : false;
     }
 
-    JSONWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>> object_range() {
+    JSONWrapper<QuickFlatMap> object_range() {
       if( internal.Type == Class::Object ) {
-        return JSONWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>>( internal.Map.get() );
+        return JSONWrapper<QuickFlatMap>( internal.Map.get() );
       } else {
-        return JSONWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>>( nullptr );
+        return JSONWrapper<QuickFlatMap>( nullptr );
       }
     }
 
@@ -290,11 +363,11 @@ class JSON
       }
     }
 
-    JSONConstWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>> object_range() const {
+    JSONConstWrapper<QuickFlatMap> object_range() const {
       if( internal.Type == Class::Object ) {
-        return JSONConstWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>>( internal.Map.get() );
+        return JSONConstWrapper<QuickFlatMap>( internal.Map.get() );
       } else {
-        return JSONConstWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>>( nullptr );
+        return JSONConstWrapper<QuickFlatMap>( nullptr );
       }
     }
 
@@ -313,12 +386,12 @@ class JSON
           return "null";
         case Class::Object: {
                               std::string pad = "";
-                              for( long i = 0; i < depth; ++i, pad += tab );
+                              for( long i = 0; i < depth; ++i, pad += tab ) { }
 
                               std::string s = "{\n";
                               bool skip = true;
                               for( auto &p : *internal.Map ) {
-                                if( !skip ) s += ",\n";
+                                if( !skip ) { s += ",\n"; }
                                 s += ( pad + "\"" + p.first + "\" : " + p.second.dump( depth + 1, tab ) );
                                 skip = false;
                               }
@@ -329,7 +402,7 @@ class JSON
                              std::string s = "[";
                              bool skip = true;
                              for( auto &p : *internal.List ) {
-                               if( !skip ) s += ", ";
+                               if( !skip ) { s += ", "; }
                                s += p.dump( depth + 1, tab );
                                skip = false;
                              }
@@ -353,8 +426,8 @@ class JSON
   private:
     static std::string json_escape( const std::string &str ) {
       std::string output;
-      for( size_t i = 0; i < str.length(); ++i )
-        switch( str[i] ) {
+      for(char i : str) {
+        switch( i ) {
           case '\"': output += "\\\""; break;
           case '\\': output += "\\\\"; break;
           case '\b': output += "\\b";  break;
@@ -362,8 +435,9 @@ class JSON
           case '\n': output += "\\n";  break;
           case '\r': output += "\\r";  break;
           case '\t': output += "\\t";  break;
-          default  : output += str[i]; break;
+          default  : output += i; break;
         }
+}
       return output;
     }
 
@@ -389,7 +463,7 @@ struct JSONParser {
   }
 
   static void consume_ws( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
-    while( isspace( str[offset] ) && offset <= str.size() ) ++offset;
+    while( isspace( str[offset] ) && offset <= str.size() ) { ++offset; }
   }
 
   static JSON parse_object( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
@@ -471,9 +545,9 @@ struct JSONParser {
                        val += "\\u" ;
                        for( size_t i = 1; i <= 4; ++i ) {
                          c = str[offset+i];
-                         if( (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') )
+                         if( (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') ) {
                            val += c;
-                         else {
+                         } else {
                            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: String: Expected hex character in unicode escape, found '") + c + "'");
                          }
                        }
@@ -481,9 +555,9 @@ struct JSONParser {
                      } break;
           default  : val += '\\'; break;
         }
-      }
-      else
+      } else {
         val += c;
+      }
     }
     ++offset;
     return JSON(val);
@@ -496,30 +570,35 @@ struct JSONParser {
     long exp = 0;
     for (; offset < str.size() ;) {
       c = str[offset++];
-      if( (c == '-') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') )
+      if( (c == '-') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') ) {
         val += c;
-      else if( c == '.' ) {
+      } else if( c == '.' ) {
         val += c; 
         isDouble = true;
-      }
-      else
+      } else {
         break;
+      }
     }
     if( offset < str.size() && (c == 'E' || c == 'e' )) {
       c = str[ offset++ ];
-      if( c == '-' ) { exp_str += '-';}
-      else if( c == '+' ) { }
-      else --offset;
+      if( c == '-' ) { 
+        exp_str += '-';
+      } else if( c == '+' ) {
+        // do nothing
+      } else { 
+        --offset; 
+      }
 
       for (; offset < str.size() ;) {
         c = str[ offset++ ];
-        if( c >= '0' && c <= '9' )
+        if( c >= '0' && c <= '9' ) {
           exp_str += c;
-        else if( !isspace( c ) && c != ',' && c != ']' && c != '}' ) {
+        } else if( !isspace( c ) && c != ',' && c != ']' && c != '}' ) {
           throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Number: Expected a number for exponent, found '") + c + "'");
         }
-        else
+        else {
           break;
+}
       }
       exp = chaiscript::parse_num<long>( exp_str );
     }
@@ -570,8 +649,9 @@ struct JSONParser {
       case 't' :
       case 'f' : return parse_bool( str, offset );
       case 'n' : return parse_null( str, offset );
-      default  : if( ( value <= '9' && value >= '0' ) || value == '-' )
+      default  : if( ( value <= '9' && value >= '0' ) || value == '-' ) {
                    return parse_number( str, offset );
+                 }
     }
     throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Parse: Unexpected starting character '") + value + "'");
   }

include/chaiscript/utility/static_string.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_STATIC_STRING_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_STATIC_STRING_HPP_
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  namespace utility
+  {
+
+    struct Static_String
+    {
+      template<size_t N>
+        constexpr Static_String(const char (&str)[N])
+        : m_size(N-1), data(&str[0])
+        {
+        }
+
+      constexpr size_t size() const {
+        return m_size;
+      }
+
+      constexpr const char *c_str() const {
+        return data;
+      }
+
+      const size_t m_size;
+      const char *data = nullptr;
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_UTILITY_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_UTILITY_HPP_
 
@@ -89,6 +93,29 @@ namespace chaiscript
           t_module.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(Enum(constant.first)), constant.second);
         }
       }
+
+    template<typename EnumClass, typename ModuleType>
+      typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<EnumClass>::value, void>::type
+      add_class(ModuleType &t_module,
+        const std::string &t_class_name,
+        const std::vector<std::pair<EnumClass, std::string>> &t_constants
+        )
+      {
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::user_type<EnumClass>(), t_class_name);
+
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::constructor<EnumClass()>(), t_class_name);
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::constructor<EnumClass(const EnumClass &)>(), t_class_name);
+
+        using namespace chaiscript::bootstrap::operators;
+        equal<EnumClass>(t_module);
+        not_equal<EnumClass>(t_module);
+        assign<EnumClass>(t_module);
+
+        for (const auto &constant : t_constants)
+        {
+          t_module.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(EnumClass(constant.first)), constant.second);
+        }
+      }
   }
 }
 

readme.md

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ ChaiScript
 http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 (c) 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner
-(c) 2009-2016 Jason Turner
+(c) 2009-2017 Jason Turner
 
 Release under the BSD license, see "license.txt" for details.
 
@@ -43,10 +43,9 @@ languages:
 Requirements
 ============
 
-ChaiScript requires a C++11 compiler to build with support for variadic 
-templates.  It has been tested with gcc 4.6 and clang 3.1 (with libcxx). MacOS 
-10.8 (Mountain Lion) is also known to support the C++11 build with Apple's 
-clang 4.0. MSVC 2013 or newer is supports also. For more information see the build 
+ChaiScript requires a C++14 compiler to build with support for variadic 
+templates.  It has been tested with gcc 4.9 and clang 3.6 (with libcxx). 
+For more information see the build 
 [dashboard](http://chaiscript.com/ChaiScript-BuildResults/index.html).
 
 Usage

releasenotes.md

@@ -1,6 +1,67 @@
 Notes:
 =======
-Current Version: 5.8.2
+Current Version: 6.0.0
+
+### Changes since 5.8.6
+
+*6.0.0 is a massive rework compared to 5.x. It now requires a C++14 enabled compiler*
+
+#### Compiler Requirements
+
+* MSVC 2015 or greater
+* g++ 4.9 or greater
+* clang 3.6 or greater
+
+#### Breaking Changes
+
+* Instantiating a ChaiScript object now, by default, builds the stdlib in
+  * This was done to address the most common support issues of loading stdlib dynamically at runtime
+  * If you want the old behavior, use include/chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp
+* Headers have been reorganized to fully separate stdlib/parser/engine from each other (some faster builds)
+* Bootstrap functions no longer return a reference to the module added to (compile time savings)
+* It's now no longer possible modify AST_Nodes (compile time, runtime efficiency)
+* Function annotations no longer exist (simplifies code, reduces compile time, compile size)
+
+#### New Features Added
+
+* Modular optimization system; this can be accessed via the ChaiScript_Basic interface
+* Execution tracing capability; also accessed via ChaiScript_Basic interface
+* range-based for loops `for( id : container ) { }` (much better performance than other loop types)
+* If-init expressions (ala C++17)
+* Support for passing r-value references to functions
+* Support for containing unique_ptr
+* Add helpers for exposing enum classes to ChaiScript
+* Allow typed ChaiScript defined functions to perform conversions on call #303
+
+#### Improvements
+
+* Compile time improvements
+* Compile size improvements
+* Significant runtime improvements (see "Modular optimization system")
+* Significant parser improvements, both with parse-time and parser initialization time (Thanks @niXman)
+* Fix type conversion to bool in conditionals
+
+#### Improvements Still Need To Be Made
+
+* File location tracking has been rewritten; this currently means error location reporting is not as good as it was
+* Tracing capability needs to be tested and vetted
+
+### Changes since 5.8.5
+* Optimize away `return` statements in lambdas also
+* Allow conversions to bool in conditionals
+* Don't allow `class` statements inside of scopes
+* Properly error when a dynamic object non-function member is called
+
+### Changes since 5.8.4
+* Fix order of operations for prefix operators
+* Make sure atomics are initialized properly
+* Remove parsing of unused prefix `&` operator
+
+### Changes since 5.8.3
+* Fix case with some numeric conversions mixed with numerics that do not need conversion
+
+### Changes since 5.8.2
+* Add support for reference of pointer return types
 
 ### Changes since 5.8.1
 * Allow casting to non-const & std::shared_ptr<T>

samples/example.cpp

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ int main(int /*argc*/, char * /*argv*/[]) {
 
   //Create a new system object and share it with the chaiscript engine
   System system;
-  chai.add(var(&system), "system");
+  chai.add_global(var(&system), "system");
 
   //Add a bound callback method
   chai.add(fun(&System::add_callback, std::ref(system)), "add_callback_bound");
@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ int main(int /*argc*/, char * /*argv*/[]) {
   // A shortcut to using eval is just to use the chai operator()
   chai("log(\"Test Module\", \"Test Message\");");
 
-  //Finally, it is possible to register any std::function as a system function, in this 
+  //Finally, it is possible to register a lambda as a system function, in this 
   //way, we can, for instance add a bound member function to the system
-  chai.add(fun(&System::do_callbacks, std::ref(system), std::string("Bound Test")), "do_callbacks");
+  chai.add(fun([&system](){ return system.do_callbacks("Bound Test"); }), "do_callbacks");
 
   //Call bound version of do_callbacks
   chai("do_callbacks()");

samples/factory.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
 
 class Entity
 {
@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ class Factory
 
 int main()
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library());
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
 
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::width), "width");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::height), "height");

samples/fun_call_performance.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #include <iostream>
 #include <list>
 #include <regex>
@@ -13,7 +17,6 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
 
 #ifdef READLINE_AVAILABLE
 #include <readline/readline.h>
@@ -291,7 +294,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
   }
 
   //chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(modulepaths, usepaths);
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library(), usepaths);
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(usepaths);
 
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myexit), "exit");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myexit), "quit");

samples/inheritance.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
 
 class BaseClass
 {
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ class ChaiScriptDerived : public BaseClass
 
 int main()
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library());
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&BaseClass::doSomething), "doSomething");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&BaseClass::setValue), "setValue");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&BaseClass::getValue), "getValue");

samples/memory_leak_test.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include <iostream>
 
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
 
 #ifdef READLINE_AVAILABLE
 #include <readline/readline.h>
@@ -32,16 +31,9 @@ void function(void)
 class test
 {
   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript::State backupState;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript::State backupState = chai.get_state();
 
   public:
-  test()
-    : chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library())
-  {
-    backupState = chai.get_state();
-  }
-  ~test(){}
-
   void ResetState()
   {
     chai.set_state(backupState);

samples/test_num_exceptions.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
 #include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp>
 #include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp>
 
 int main( int /*argc*/ , char * /*argv*/[] )
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript ch( chaiscript::Std_Lib::library( ) );
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript ch;
 
 
   try

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
 #include <iostream>
 #include <list>
 #include <regex>
@@ -12,7 +16,10 @@
 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
 #endif
 
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
+#include "../static_libs/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+#include "../static_libs/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
+
 
 #ifdef READLINE_AVAILABLE
 #include <readline/readline.h>
@@ -22,7 +29,7 @@
 char *mystrdup (const char *s) {
   size_t len = strlen(s); // Space for length plus nul
   char *d = static_cast<char*>(malloc (len+1));
-  if (d == nullptr) return nullptr;          // No memory
+  if (d == nullptr) { return nullptr; }         // No memory
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
   strcpy_s(d, len+1, s);                        // Copy the characters
 #else
@@ -41,7 +48,7 @@ char* readline(const char* p)
 }
 
 
-void add_history(const char*){}
+void add_history(const char* /*unused*/){}
 void using_history(){}
 #endif
 
@@ -113,7 +120,7 @@ std::vector<std::string> default_search_paths()
   {
     Dl_info rInfo;
     memset( &rInfo, 0, sizeof(rInfo) ); 
-    if ( !dladdr(cast_module_symbol(&default_search_paths), &rInfo)  || !rInfo.dli_fname ) { 
+    if ( dladdr(cast_module_symbol(&default_search_paths), &rInfo) == 0 || rInfo.dli_fname == nullptr ) { 
       return paths;
     }
 
@@ -125,7 +132,7 @@ std::vector<std::string> default_search_paths()
   size_t secondtolastslash = exepath.rfind('/', lastslash - 1);
   if (lastslash != std::string::npos)
   {
-    paths.push_back(exepath.substr(0, lastslash));
+    paths.push_back(exepath.substr(0, lastslash+1));
   }
 
   if (secondtolastslash != std::string::npos)
@@ -181,7 +188,7 @@ std::string get_next_command() {
   std::string retval("quit");
   if ( ! std::cin.eof() ) {
     char *input_raw = readline("eval> ");
-    if ( input_raw ) {
+    if ( input_raw != nullptr ) {
       add_history(input_raw);
 
       std::string val(input_raw);
@@ -217,7 +224,7 @@ void myexit(int return_val) {
   exit(return_val);
 }
 
-void interactive(chaiscript::ChaiScript& chai)
+void interactive(chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic& chai)
 {
   using_history();
 
@@ -237,7 +244,7 @@ void interactive(chaiscript::ChaiScript& chai)
     }
     catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &ee) {
       std::cout << ee.what();
-      if (ee.call_stack.size() > 0) {
+      if ( !ee.call_stack.empty() ) {
         std::cout << "during evaluation at (" << ee.call_stack[0]->start().line << ", " << ee.call_stack[0]->start().column << ")";
       }
       std::cout << '\n';
@@ -274,7 +281,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
   std::vector<std::string> usepaths;
   usepaths.push_back("");
-  if (usepath)
+  if (usepath != nullptr)
   {
     usepaths.push_back(usepath);
   }
@@ -283,12 +290,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
   std::vector<std::string> searchpaths = default_search_paths();
   modulepaths.insert(modulepaths.end(), searchpaths.begin(), searchpaths.end());
   modulepaths.push_back("");
-  if (modulepath)
+  if (modulepath != nullptr)
   {
     modulepaths.push_back(modulepath);
   }
 
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(modulepaths,usepaths);
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser(),modulepaths,usepaths);
 
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myexit), "exit");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myexit), "quit");
@@ -305,7 +312,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
       ++i;
     }
 
-    std::string arg( i ? argv[i] : "--interactive" );
+    std::string arg( i != 0 ? argv[i] : "--interactive" );
 
     enum { eInteractive
          , eCommand
@@ -316,9 +323,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
       if ( (i+1) >= argc ) {
         std::cout << "insufficient input following " << arg << '\n';
         return EXIT_FAILURE;
-      } else {
+      } 
         arg = argv[++i];
-      }
+      
     } else if ( arg == "-" || arg == "--stdin" ) {
       arg = "" ;
       std::string line;

src/stl_extra.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
 #include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp>
 #include <list>
 #include <string>

src/test_module.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
 #include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp>
 #include <string>
 

static_libs/chaiscript_parser.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "../include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+#include "chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+
+std::unique_ptr<chaiscript::parser::ChaiScript_Parser_Base> create_chaiscript_parser()
+{
+  return std::make_unique<chaiscript::parser::ChaiScript_Parser<chaiscript::eval::Noop_Tracer, chaiscript::optimizer::Optimizer_Default>>();
+}
+

static_libs/chaiscript_parser.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PARSER_LIB
+#define CHAISCRIPT_PARSER_LIB
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace parser {
+    class ChaiScript_Parser_Base;
+  }
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<chaiscript::parser::ChaiScript_Parser_Base> create_chaiscript_parser();
+
+#endif

static_libs/chaiscript_stdlib.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "../include/chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
+#include "chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
+
+std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::Module> create_chaiscript_stdlib()
+{
+  return chaiscript::Std_Lib::library();
+}
+

static_libs/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_STDLIB
+#define CHAISCRIPT_STDLIB
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  class Module;
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::Module> create_chaiscript_stdlib();
+
+#endif

unittests/3.x/eval_error.chai

@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ def while_doing()
 
 var f = fun() { while_doing(); }
 
-assert_equal(get_eval_error(f).call_stack.size(), 16)
+assert_true(get_eval_error(f).call_stack.size() <= 16)

unittests/c_linkage_test.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
+#include "../static_libs/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+#include "../static_libs/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
 
 
 extern "C"
@@ -11,8 +13,7 @@ extern "C"
 
 int main()
 {
-
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&do_something), "do_something");
 
   return chai.eval<int>("do_something(101)") == 101 % 2?EXIT_SUCCESS:EXIT_FAILURE;

unittests/catch.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- *  Catch v1.3.5
- *  Generated: 2016-02-29 08:16:42.342094
+ *  Catch v1.5.7
+ *  Generated: 2016-09-27 10:45:46.824849
  *  ----------------------------------------------------------
  *  This file has been merged from multiple headers. Please don't edit it directly
  *  Copyright (c) 2012 Two Blue Cubes Ltd. All rights reserved.
@@ -62,7 +62,11 @@
 
 #define INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE2( name, line ) name##line
 #define INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE( name, line ) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE2( name, line )
-#define INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( name ) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE( name, __LINE__ )
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_COUNTER
+#  define INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( name ) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE( name, __COUNTER__ )
+#else
+#  define INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( name ) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE( name, __LINE__ )
+#endif
 
 #define INTERNAL_CATCH_STRINGIFY2( expr ) #expr
 #define INTERNAL_CATCH_STRINGIFY( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_STRINGIFY2( expr )
@@ -89,7 +93,7 @@
 // CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_OR_GREATER : Is C++11 supported?
 
 // CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS : are variadic macros supported?
-
+// CATCH_CONFIG_COUNTER : is the __COUNTER__ macro supported?
 // ****************
 // Note to maintainers: if new toggles are added please document them
 // in configuration.md, too
@@ -102,8 +106,16 @@
 
 // All the C++11 features can be disabled with CATCH_CONFIG_NO_CPP11
 
-#if defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L
-#  define CATCH_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+#  if __cplusplus >= 201103L
+#    define CATCH_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+#  endif
+
+#  if __cplusplus >= 201402L
+#    define CATCH_CPP14_OR_GREATER
+#  endif
+
 #endif
 
 #ifdef __clang__
@@ -185,6 +197,15 @@
 
 #endif
 
+// Use __COUNTER__ if the compiler supports it
+#if ( defined _MSC_VER && _MSC_VER >= 1300 ) || \
+    ( defined __GNUC__  && __GNUC__ >= 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 3 ) || \
+    ( defined __clang__ && __clang_major__ >= 3 )
+
+#define CATCH_INTERNAL_CONFIG_COUNTER
+
+#endif
+
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // C++ language feature support
 
@@ -256,6 +277,9 @@
 #if defined(CATCH_INTERNAL_CONFIG_CPP11_UNIQUE_PTR) && !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NO_UNIQUE_PTR) && !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_UNIQUE_PTR) && !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NO_CPP11)
 #   define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_UNIQUE_PTR
 #endif
+#if defined(CATCH_INTERNAL_CONFIG_COUNTER) && !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NO_COUNTER) && !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_COUNTER)
+#   define CATCH_CONFIG_COUNTER
+#endif
 
 #if !defined(CATCH_INTERNAL_SUPPRESS_PARENTHESES_WARNINGS)
 #   define CATCH_INTERNAL_SUPPRESS_PARENTHESES_WARNINGS
@@ -686,24 +710,28 @@ void registerTestCaseFunction
 
 #ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE2( TestName, ... ) \
+        static void TestName(); \
+        namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &TestName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, Catch::NameAndDesc( __VA_ARGS__ ) ); }\
+        static void TestName()
     #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( ... ) \
-        static void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )(); \
-        namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, Catch::NameAndDesc( __VA_ARGS__ ) ); }\
-        static void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )()
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE2( INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ), __VA_ARGS__ )
 
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     #define INTERNAL_CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( QualifiedMethod, ... ) \
         namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &QualifiedMethod, "&" #QualifiedMethod, Catch::NameAndDesc( __VA_ARGS__ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); }
 
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( ClassName, ... )\
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD2( TestName, ClassName, ... )\
         namespace{ \
-            struct INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ) : ClassName{ \
+            struct TestName : ClassName{ \
                 void test(); \
             }; \
-            Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar ) ( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )::test, #ClassName, Catch::NameAndDesc( __VA_ARGS__ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); \
+            Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar ) ( &TestName::test, #ClassName, Catch::NameAndDesc( __VA_ARGS__ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); \
         } \
-        void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )::test()
+        void TestName::test()
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( ClassName, ... ) \
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD2( INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ), ClassName, __VA_ARGS__ )
 
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     #define INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_TESTCASE( Function, ... ) \
@@ -711,24 +739,28 @@ void registerTestCaseFunction
 
 #else
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE2( TestName, Name, Desc ) \
+        static void TestName(); \
+        namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &TestName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, Catch::NameAndDesc( Name, Desc ) ); }\
+        static void TestName()
     #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( Name, Desc ) \
-        static void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )(); \
-        namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, Catch::NameAndDesc( Name, Desc ) ); }\
-        static void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )()
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE2( INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ), Name, Desc )
 
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     #define INTERNAL_CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( QualifiedMethod, Name, Desc ) \
         namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &QualifiedMethod, "&" #QualifiedMethod, Catch::NameAndDesc( Name, Desc ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); }
 
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( ClassName, TestName, Desc )\
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD2( TestCaseName, ClassName, TestName, Desc )\
         namespace{ \
-            struct INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ) : ClassName{ \
+            struct TestCaseName : ClassName{ \
                 void test(); \
             }; \
-            Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar ) ( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )::test, #ClassName, Catch::NameAndDesc( TestName, Desc ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); \
+            Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar ) ( &TestCaseName::test, #ClassName, Catch::NameAndDesc( TestName, Desc ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); \
         } \
-        void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )::test()
+        void TestCaseName::test()
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( ClassName, TestName, Desc )\
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD2( INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ), ClassName, TestName, Desc )
 
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     #define INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_TESTCASE( Function, Name, Desc ) \
@@ -2041,7 +2073,7 @@ namespace Catch {
             __catchResult.useActiveException( Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal ); \
         } \
         INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( __catchResult ) \
-    } while( Catch::isTrue( false && static_cast<bool>(expr) ) ) // expr here is never evaluated at runtime but it forces the compiler to give it a look
+    } while( Catch::isTrue( false && !!(expr) ) ) // expr here is never evaluated at runtime but it forces the compiler to give it a look
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 #define INTERNAL_CATCH_IF( expr, resultDisposition, macroName ) \
@@ -2578,10 +2610,12 @@ namespace Catch {
 }
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-#define INTERNAL_CATCH_TRANSLATE_EXCEPTION( signature ) \
-    static std::string INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_ExceptionTranslator )( signature ); \
-    namespace{ Catch::ExceptionTranslatorRegistrar INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_ExceptionRegistrar )( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_ExceptionTranslator ) ); }\
-    static std::string INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  catch_internal_ExceptionTranslator )( signature )
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_TRANSLATE_EXCEPTION2( translatorName, signature ) \
+    static std::string translatorName( signature ); \
+    namespace{ Catch::ExceptionTranslatorRegistrar INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_ExceptionRegistrar )( &translatorName ); }\
+    static std::string translatorName( signature )
+
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_TRANSLATE_EXCEPTION( signature ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TRANSLATE_EXCEPTION2( INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_ExceptionTranslator ), signature )
 
 // #included from: internal/catch_approx.hpp
 #define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_APPROX_HPP_INCLUDED
@@ -3189,10 +3223,11 @@ namespace Catch {
 
             bool matches( TestCaseInfo const& testCase ) const {
                 // All patterns in a filter must match for the filter to be a match
-                for( std::vector<Ptr<Pattern> >::const_iterator it = m_patterns.begin(), itEnd = m_patterns.end(); it != itEnd; ++it )
+                for( std::vector<Ptr<Pattern> >::const_iterator it = m_patterns.begin(), itEnd = m_patterns.end(); it != itEnd; ++it ) {
                     if( !(*it)->matches( testCase ) )
                         return false;
-                    return true;
+                }
+                return true;
             }
         };
 
@@ -3424,7 +3459,7 @@ namespace Catch {
     };
 
     class DebugOutStream : public IStream {
-        std::auto_ptr<StreamBufBase> m_streamBuf;
+        CATCH_AUTO_PTR( StreamBufBase ) m_streamBuf;
         mutable std::ostream m_os;
     public:
         DebugOutStream();
@@ -3572,7 +3607,7 @@ namespace Catch {
         }
         ConfigData m_data;
 
-        std::auto_ptr<IStream const> m_stream;
+        CATCH_AUTO_PTR( IStream const ) m_stream;
         TestSpec m_testSpec;
     };
 
@@ -3592,7 +3627,7 @@ namespace Catch {
 #define STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE namespace Catch {
 // #included from: ../external/clara.h
 
-// Version 0.0.1.1
+// Version 0.0.2.4
 
 // Only use header guard if we are not using an outer namespace
 #if !defined(TWOBLUECUBES_CLARA_H_INCLUDED) || defined(STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE)
@@ -3908,6 +3943,10 @@ namespace Tbc {
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <memory>
 
+#if defined(WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define CLARA_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+#endif
+
 // Use optional outer namespace
 #ifdef STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
 STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
@@ -3931,9 +3970,6 @@ namespace Clara {
     const unsigned int consoleWidth = 80;
 #endif
 
-        // Use this to try and stop compiler from warning about unreachable code
-        inline bool isTrue( bool value ) { return value; }
-
         using namespace Tbc;
 
         inline bool startsWith( std::string const& str, std::string const& prefix ) {
@@ -3969,14 +4005,6 @@ namespace Clara {
             else
                 throw std::runtime_error( "Expected a boolean value but did not recognise:\n  '" + _source + "'" );
         }
-        inline void convertInto( bool _source, bool& _dest ) {
-            _dest = _source;
-        }
-        template<typename T>
-        inline void convertInto( bool, T& ) {
-            if( isTrue( true ) )
-                throw std::runtime_error( "Invalid conversion" );
-        }
 
         template<typename ConfigT>
         struct IArgFunction {
@@ -3986,7 +4014,6 @@ namespace Clara {
             IArgFunction( IArgFunction const& ) = default;
 #endif
             virtual void set( ConfigT& config, std::string const& value ) const = 0;
-            virtual void setFlag( ConfigT& config ) const = 0;
             virtual bool takesArg() const = 0;
             virtual IArgFunction* clone() const = 0;
         };
@@ -4008,9 +4035,6 @@ namespace Clara {
             void set( ConfigT& config, std::string const& value ) const {
                 functionObj->set( config, value );
             }
-            void setFlag( ConfigT& config ) const {
-                functionObj->setFlag( config );
-            }
             bool takesArg() const { return functionObj->takesArg(); }
 
             bool isSet() const {
@@ -4023,7 +4047,6 @@ namespace Clara {
         template<typename C>
         struct NullBinder : IArgFunction<C>{
             virtual void set( C&, std::string const& ) const {}
-            virtual void setFlag( C& ) const {}
             virtual bool takesArg() const { return true; }
             virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new NullBinder( *this ); }
         };
@@ -4034,9 +4057,6 @@ namespace Clara {
             virtual void set( C& p, std::string const& stringValue ) const {
                 convertInto( stringValue, p.*member );
             }
-            virtual void setFlag( C& p ) const {
-                convertInto( true, p.*member );
-            }
             virtual bool takesArg() const { return !IsBool<M>::value; }
             virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundDataMember( *this ); }
             M C::* member;
@@ -4049,11 +4069,6 @@ namespace Clara {
                 convertInto( stringValue, value );
                 (p.*member)( value );
             }
-            virtual void setFlag( C& p ) const {
-                typename RemoveConstRef<M>::type value;
-                convertInto( true, value );
-                (p.*member)( value );
-            }
             virtual bool takesArg() const { return !IsBool<M>::value; }
             virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundUnaryMethod( *this ); }
             void (C::*member)( M );
@@ -4067,9 +4082,6 @@ namespace Clara {
                 if( value )
                     (p.*member)();
             }
-            virtual void setFlag( C& p ) const {
-                (p.*member)();
-            }
             virtual bool takesArg() const { return false; }
             virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundNullaryMethod( *this ); }
             void (C::*member)();
@@ -4084,9 +4096,6 @@ namespace Clara {
                 if( value )
                     function( obj );
             }
-            virtual void setFlag( C& p ) const {
-                function( p );
-            }
             virtual bool takesArg() const { return false; }
             virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundUnaryFunction( *this ); }
             void (*function)( C& );
@@ -4100,11 +4109,6 @@ namespace Clara {
                 convertInto( stringValue, value );
                 function( obj, value );
             }
-            virtual void setFlag( C& obj ) const {
-                typename RemoveConstRef<T>::type value;
-                convertInto( true, value );
-                function( obj, value );
-            }
             virtual bool takesArg() const { return !IsBool<T>::value; }
             virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundBinaryFunction( *this ); }
             void (*function)( C&, T );
@@ -4112,8 +4116,20 @@ namespace Clara {
 
     } // namespace Detail
 
-    struct Parser {
-        Parser() : separators( " \t=:" ) {}
+    inline std::vector<std::string> argsToVector( int argc, char const* const* const argv ) {
+        std::vector<std::string> args( static_cast<std::size_t>( argc ) );
+        for( std::size_t i = 0; i < static_cast<std::size_t>( argc ); ++i )
+            args[i] = argv[i];
+
+        return args;
+    }
+
+    class Parser {
+        enum Mode { None, MaybeShortOpt, SlashOpt, ShortOpt, LongOpt, Positional };
+        Mode mode;
+        std::size_t from;
+        bool inQuotes;
+    public:
 
         struct Token {
             enum Type { Positional, ShortOpt, LongOpt };
@@ -4122,38 +4138,75 @@ namespace Clara {
             std::string data;
         };
 
-        void parseIntoTokens( int argc, char const* const argv[], std::vector<Parser::Token>& tokens ) const {
+        Parser() : mode( None ), from( 0 ), inQuotes( false ){}
+
+        void parseIntoTokens( std::vector<std::string> const& args, std::vector<Token>& tokens ) {
             const std::string doubleDash = "--";
-            for( int i = 1; i < argc && argv[i] != doubleDash; ++i )
-                parseIntoTokens( argv[i] , tokens);
+            for( std::size_t i = 1; i < args.size() && args[i] != doubleDash; ++i )
+                parseIntoTokens( args[i], tokens);
         }
-        void parseIntoTokens( std::string arg, std::vector<Parser::Token>& tokens ) const {
-            while( !arg.empty() ) {
-                Parser::Token token( Parser::Token::Positional, arg );
-                arg = "";
-                if( token.data[0] == '-' ) {
-                    if( token.data.size() > 1 && token.data[1] == '-' ) {
-                        token = Parser::Token( Parser::Token::LongOpt, token.data.substr( 2 ) );
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        token = Parser::Token( Parser::Token::ShortOpt, token.data.substr( 1 ) );
-                        if( token.data.size() > 1 && separators.find( token.data[1] ) == std::string::npos ) {
-                            arg = "-" + token.data.substr( 1 );
-                            token.data = token.data.substr( 0, 1 );
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                if( token.type != Parser::Token::Positional ) {
-                    std::size_t pos = token.data.find_first_of( separators );
-                    if( pos != std::string::npos ) {
-                        arg = token.data.substr( pos+1 );
-                        token.data = token.data.substr( 0, pos );
-                    }
-                }
-                tokens.push_back( token );
+
+        void parseIntoTokens( std::string const& arg, std::vector<Token>& tokens ) {
+            for( std::size_t i = 0; i <= arg.size(); ++i ) {
+                char c = arg[i];
+                if( c == '"' )
+                    inQuotes = !inQuotes;
+                mode = handleMode( i, c, arg, tokens );
             }
         }
-        std::string separators;
+        Mode handleMode( std::size_t i, char c, std::string const& arg, std::vector<Token>& tokens ) {
+            switch( mode ) {
+                case None: return handleNone( i, c );
+                case MaybeShortOpt: return handleMaybeShortOpt( i, c );
+                case ShortOpt:
+                case LongOpt:
+                case SlashOpt: return handleOpt( i, c, arg, tokens );
+                case Positional: return handlePositional( i, c, arg, tokens );
+                default: throw std::logic_error( "Unknown mode" );
+            }
+        }
+
+        Mode handleNone( std::size_t i, char c ) {
+            if( inQuotes ) {
+                from = i;
+                return Positional;
+            }
+            switch( c ) {
+                case '-': return MaybeShortOpt;
+#ifdef CLARA_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+                case '/': from = i+1; return SlashOpt;
+#endif
+                default: from = i; return Positional;
+            }
+        }
+        Mode handleMaybeShortOpt( std::size_t i, char c ) {
+            switch( c ) {
+                case '-': from = i+1; return LongOpt;
+                default: from = i; return ShortOpt;
+            }
+        }
+        Mode handleOpt( std::size_t i, char c, std::string const& arg, std::vector<Token>& tokens ) {
+            if( std::string( ":=\0", 3 ).find( c ) == std::string::npos )
+                return mode;
+
+            std::string optName = arg.substr( from, i-from );
+            if( mode == ShortOpt )
+                for( std::size_t j = 0; j < optName.size(); ++j )
+                    tokens.push_back( Token( Token::ShortOpt, optName.substr( j, 1 ) ) );
+            else if( mode == SlashOpt && optName.size() == 1 )
+                tokens.push_back( Token( Token::ShortOpt, optName ) );
+            else
+                tokens.push_back( Token( Token::LongOpt, optName ) );
+            return None;
+        }
+        Mode handlePositional( std::size_t i, char c, std::string const& arg, std::vector<Token>& tokens ) {
+            if( inQuotes || std::string( "\0", 1 ).find( c ) == std::string::npos )
+                return mode;
+
+            std::string data = arg.substr( from, i-from );
+            tokens.push_back( Token( Token::Positional, data ) );
+            return None;
+        }
     };
 
     template<typename ConfigT>
@@ -4456,21 +4509,21 @@ namespace Clara {
             return oss.str();
         }
 
-        ConfigT parse( int argc, char const* const argv[] ) const {
+        ConfigT parse( std::vector<std::string> const& args ) const {
             ConfigT config;
-            parseInto( argc, argv, config );
+            parseInto( args, config );
             return config;
         }
 
-        std::vector<Parser::Token> parseInto( int argc, char const* argv[], ConfigT& config ) const {
-            std::string processName = argv[0];
+        std::vector<Parser::Token> parseInto( std::vector<std::string> const& args, ConfigT& config ) const {
+            std::string processName = args[0];
             std::size_t lastSlash = processName.find_last_of( "/\\" );
             if( lastSlash != std::string::npos )
                 processName = processName.substr( lastSlash+1 );
             m_boundProcessName.set( config, processName );
             std::vector<Parser::Token> tokens;
             Parser parser;
-            parser.parseIntoTokens( argc, argv, tokens );
+            parser.parseIntoTokens( args, tokens );
             return populate( tokens, config );
         }
 
@@ -4501,7 +4554,7 @@ namespace Clara {
                                     arg.boundField.set( config, tokens[++i].data );
                             }
                             else {
-                                arg.boundField.setFlag( config );
+                                arg.boundField.set( config, "true" );
                             }
                             break;
                         }
@@ -4667,8 +4720,11 @@ namespace Catch {
         std::string line;
         while( std::getline( f, line ) ) {
             line = trim(line);
-            if( !line.empty() && !startsWith( line, "#" ) )
-                addTestOrTags( config, "\"" + line + "\"," );
+            if( !line.empty() && !startsWith( line, "#" ) ) {
+                if( !startsWith( line, "\"" ) )
+                    line = "\"" + line + "\"";
+                addTestOrTags( config, line + "," );
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -5209,6 +5265,8 @@ namespace Catch
         bool aborting;
     };
 
+    class MultipleReporters;
+
     struct IStreamingReporter : IShared {
         virtual ~IStreamingReporter();
 
@@ -5236,6 +5294,8 @@ namespace Catch
         virtual void testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& testRunStats ) = 0;
 
         virtual void skipTest( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo ) = 0;
+
+        virtual MultipleReporters* tryAsMulti() { return CATCH_NULL; }
     };
 
     struct IReporterFactory : IShared {
@@ -5312,7 +5372,10 @@ namespace Catch {
                 ++it ) {
             matchedTests++;
             TestCaseInfo const& testCaseInfo = it->getTestCaseInfo();
-            Catch::cout() << testCaseInfo.name << std::endl;
+            if( startsWith( testCaseInfo.name, "#" ) )
+               Catch::cout() << "\"" << testCaseInfo.name << "\"" << std::endl;
+            else
+               Catch::cout() << testCaseInfo.name << std::endl;
         }
         return matchedTests;
     }
@@ -5453,6 +5516,10 @@ namespace TestCaseTracking {
         virtual void addChild( Ptr<ITracker> const& child ) = 0;
         virtual ITracker* findChild( std::string const& name ) = 0;
         virtual void openChild() = 0;
+
+        // Debug/ checking
+        virtual bool isSectionTracker() const = 0;
+        virtual bool isIndexTracker() const = 0;
     };
 
     class TrackerContext {
@@ -5577,6 +5644,10 @@ namespace TestCaseTracking {
                     m_parent->openChild();
             }
         }
+
+        virtual bool isSectionTracker() const CATCH_OVERRIDE { return false; }
+        virtual bool isIndexTracker() const CATCH_OVERRIDE { return false; }
+
         void open() {
             m_runState = Executing;
             moveToThis();
@@ -5640,13 +5711,16 @@ namespace TestCaseTracking {
         {}
         virtual ~SectionTracker();
 
+        virtual bool isSectionTracker() const CATCH_OVERRIDE { return true; }
+
         static SectionTracker& acquire( TrackerContext& ctx, std::string const& name ) {
             SectionTracker* section = CATCH_NULL;
 
             ITracker& currentTracker = ctx.currentTracker();
             if( ITracker* childTracker = currentTracker.findChild( name ) ) {
-                section = dynamic_cast<SectionTracker*>( childTracker );
-                assert( section );
+                assert( childTracker );
+                assert( childTracker->isSectionTracker() );
+                section = static_cast<SectionTracker*>( childTracker );
             }
             else {
                 section = new SectionTracker( name, ctx, &currentTracker );
@@ -5671,13 +5745,16 @@ namespace TestCaseTracking {
         {}
         virtual ~IndexTracker();
 
+        virtual bool isIndexTracker() const CATCH_OVERRIDE { return true; }
+
         static IndexTracker& acquire( TrackerContext& ctx, std::string const& name, int size ) {
             IndexTracker* tracker = CATCH_NULL;
 
             ITracker& currentTracker = ctx.currentTracker();
             if( ITracker* childTracker = currentTracker.findChild( name ) ) {
-                tracker = dynamic_cast<IndexTracker*>( childTracker );
-                assert( tracker );
+                assert( childTracker );
+                assert( childTracker->isIndexTracker() );
+                tracker = static_cast<IndexTracker*>( childTracker );
             }
             else {
                 tracker = new IndexTracker( name, ctx, &currentTracker, size );
@@ -5884,6 +5961,11 @@ namespace Catch {
             while( getCurrentContext().advanceGeneratorsForCurrentTest() && !aborting() );
 
             Totals deltaTotals = m_totals.delta( prevTotals );
+            if( testInfo.expectedToFail() && deltaTotals.testCases.passed > 0 ) {
+                deltaTotals.assertions.failed++;
+                deltaTotals.testCases.passed--;
+                deltaTotals.testCases.failed++;
+            }
             m_totals.testCases += deltaTotals.testCases;
             m_reporter->testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats(   testInfo,
                                                         deltaTotals,
@@ -6275,10 +6357,10 @@ namespace Catch {
             Catch::cout() << "For more detail usage please see the project docs\n" << std::endl;
         }
 
-        int applyCommandLine( int argc, char const* argv[], OnUnusedOptions::DoWhat unusedOptionBehaviour = OnUnusedOptions::Fail ) {
+        int applyCommandLine( int argc, char const* const* const argv, OnUnusedOptions::DoWhat unusedOptionBehaviour = OnUnusedOptions::Fail ) {
             try {
                 m_cli.setThrowOnUnrecognisedTokens( unusedOptionBehaviour == OnUnusedOptions::Fail );
-                m_unusedTokens = m_cli.parseInto( argc, argv, m_configData );
+                m_unusedTokens = m_cli.parseInto( Clara::argsToVector( argc, argv ), m_configData );
                 if( m_configData.showHelp )
                     showHelp( m_configData.processName );
                 m_config.reset();
@@ -6302,16 +6384,13 @@ namespace Catch {
             m_config.reset();
         }
 
-        int run( int argc, char const* argv[] ) {
+        int run( int argc, char const* const* const argv ) {
 
             int returnCode = applyCommandLine( argc, argv );
             if( returnCode == 0 )
                 returnCode = run();
             return returnCode;
         }
-        int run( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
-            return run( argc, const_cast<char const**>( argv ) );
-        }
 
         int run() {
             if( m_configData.showHelp )
@@ -6375,13 +6454,31 @@ namespace Catch {
 #include <iostream>
 #include <algorithm>
 
+#ifdef CATCH_CPP14_OR_GREATER
+#include <random>
+#endif
+
 namespace Catch {
 
-    struct LexSort {
-        bool operator() (TestCase i,TestCase j) const { return (i<j);}
-    };
     struct RandomNumberGenerator {
-        int operator()( int n ) const { return std::rand() % n; }
+        typedef int result_type;
+
+        result_type operator()( result_type n ) const { return std::rand() % n; }
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CPP14_OR_GREATER
+        static constexpr result_type min() { return 0; }
+        static constexpr result_type max() { return 1000000; }
+        result_type operator()() const { return std::rand() % max(); }
+#endif
+        template<typename V>
+        static void shuffle( V& vector ) {
+            RandomNumberGenerator rng;
+#ifdef CATCH_CPP14_OR_GREATER
+            std::shuffle( vector.begin(), vector.end(), rng );
+#else
+            std::random_shuffle( vector.begin(), vector.end(), rng );
+#endif
+        }
     };
 
     inline std::vector<TestCase> sortTests( IConfig const& config, std::vector<TestCase> const& unsortedTestCases ) {
@@ -6390,14 +6487,12 @@ namespace Catch {
 
         switch( config.runOrder() ) {
             case RunTests::InLexicographicalOrder:
-                std::sort( sorted.begin(), sorted.end(), LexSort() );
+                std::sort( sorted.begin(), sorted.end() );
                 break;
             case RunTests::InRandomOrder:
                 {
                     seedRng( config );
-
-                    RandomNumberGenerator rng;
-                    std::random_shuffle( sorted.begin(), sorted.end(), rng );
+                    RandomNumberGenerator::shuffle( sorted );
                 }
                 break;
             case RunTests::InDeclarationOrder:
@@ -6416,13 +6511,15 @@ namespace Catch {
             it != itEnd;
             ++it ) {
             std::pair<std::set<TestCase>::const_iterator, bool> prev = seenFunctions.insert( *it );
-            if( !prev.second ){
-                Catch::cerr()
-                << Colour( Colour::Red )
-                << "error: TEST_CASE( \"" << it->name << "\" ) already defined.\n"
-                << "\tFirst seen at " << prev.first->getTestCaseInfo().lineInfo << "\n"
-                << "\tRedefined at " << it->getTestCaseInfo().lineInfo << std::endl;
-                exit(1);
+            if( !prev.second ) {
+                std::ostringstream ss;
+
+                ss  << Colour( Colour::Red )
+                    << "error: TEST_CASE( \"" << it->name << "\" ) already defined.\n"
+                    << "\tFirst seen at " << prev.first->getTestCaseInfo().lineInfo << "\n"
+                    << "\tRedefined at " << it->getTestCaseInfo().lineInfo << std::endl;
+
+                throw std::runtime_error(ss.str());
             }
         }
     }
@@ -7481,7 +7578,7 @@ namespace Catch {
         return os;
     }
 
-    Version libraryVersion( 1, 3, 5, "", 0 );
+    Version libraryVersion( 1, 5, 7, "", 0 );
 
 }
 
@@ -8460,13 +8557,18 @@ public: // IStreamingReporter
                 ++it )
             (*it)->skipTest( testInfo );
     }
+
+    virtual MultipleReporters* tryAsMulti() CATCH_OVERRIDE {
+        return this;
+    }
+
 };
 
 Ptr<IStreamingReporter> addReporter( Ptr<IStreamingReporter> const& existingReporter, Ptr<IStreamingReporter> const& additionalReporter ) {
     Ptr<IStreamingReporter> resultingReporter;
 
     if( existingReporter ) {
-        MultipleReporters* multi = dynamic_cast<MultipleReporters*>( existingReporter.get() );
+        MultipleReporters* multi = existingReporter->tryAsMulti();
         if( !multi ) {
             multi = new MultipleReporters;
             resultingReporter = Ptr<IStreamingReporter>( multi );
@@ -8646,7 +8748,7 @@ namespace Catch {
 
         virtual void assertionStarting( AssertionInfo const& ) CATCH_OVERRIDE {}
 
-        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& assertionStats ) {
+        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& assertionStats ) CATCH_OVERRIDE {
             assert( !m_sectionStack.empty() );
             SectionNode& sectionNode = *m_sectionStack.back();
             sectionNode.assertions.push_back( assertionStats );
@@ -8856,9 +8958,10 @@ namespace Catch {
                         break;
 
                     default:
-                        // Escape control chars - based on contribution by @espenalb in PR #465
+                        // Escape control chars - based on contribution by @espenalb in PR #465 and
+                        // by @mrpi PR #588
                         if ( ( c < '\x09' ) || ( c > '\x0D' && c < '\x20') || c=='\x7F' )
-                            os << "&#x" << std::uppercase << std::hex << static_cast<int>( c );
+                            os << "&#x" << std::uppercase << std::hex << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << static_cast<int>( c ) << ';';
                         else
                             os << c;
                 }
@@ -8913,13 +9016,20 @@ namespace Catch {
         :   m_tagIsOpen( false ),
             m_needsNewline( false ),
             m_os( &Catch::cout() )
-        {}
+        {
+            // We encode control characters, which requires
+            // XML 1.1
+            // see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/404107/why-are-control-characters-illegal-in-xml-1-0
+            *m_os << "<?xml version=\"1.1\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n";
+        }
 
         XmlWriter( std::ostream& os )
         :   m_tagIsOpen( false ),
             m_needsNewline( false ),
             m_os( &os )
-        {}
+        {
+            *m_os << "<?xml version=\"1.1\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n";
+        }
 
         ~XmlWriter() {
             while( !m_tags.empty() )
@@ -9086,7 +9196,7 @@ namespace Catch {
 
         virtual void testCaseStarting( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo ) CATCH_OVERRIDE {
             StreamingReporterBase::testCaseStarting(testInfo);
-            m_xml.startElement( "TestCase" ).writeAttribute( "name", trim( testInfo.name ) );
+            m_xml.startElement( "TestCase" ).writeAttribute( "name", testInfo.name );
 
             if ( m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always )
                 m_testCaseTimer.start();
@@ -9777,7 +9887,7 @@ namespace Catch {
             if( totals.testCases.total() == 0 ) {
                 stream << Colour( Colour::Warning ) << "No tests ran\n";
             }
-            else if( totals.assertions.total() > 0 && totals.assertions.allPassed() ) {
+            else if( totals.assertions.total() > 0 && totals.testCases.allPassed() ) {
                 stream << Colour( Colour::ResultSuccess ) << "All tests passed";
                 stream << " ("
                         << pluralise( totals.assertions.passed, "assertion" ) << " in "

unittests/class_inside_scope.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+
+try {
+  parse("{  class C {    var data;    def C() {}  } }")
+  assert_false(true)
+} catch  (e) {
+  assert_true(true)
+}

unittests/compiled_tests.cpp

@@ -16,9 +16,12 @@
 
 
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
 #include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
 #include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp>
 
+#include "../static_libs/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+#include "../static_libs/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
 
 
 
@@ -34,7 +37,7 @@ TEST_CASE("C++11 Lambdas Can Be Registered")
 
   // We cannot deduce the type of a lambda expression, you must either wrap it
   // in an std::function or provide the signature
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun([]()->std::string { return "hello"; } ), "f1");
 
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ TEST_CASE("C++11 Lambdas Can Be Registered")
 // dynamic_object tests
 TEST_CASE("Dynamic_Object attributes can be shared with C++")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   chai("attr bob::z; def bob::bob() { this.z = 10 }; auto x = bob()");
 
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Dynamic_Object attributes can be shared with C++")
 TEST_CASE("Function objects can be created from chaiscript functions")
 {
 
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   chai.eval("def func() { print(\"Hello World\"); } ");
 
@@ -91,7 +94,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Function objects can be created from chaiscript functions")
 
 TEST_CASE("ChaiScript can be created and destroyed on heap")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript *chai = new chaiscript::ChaiScript();
+  auto *chai = new chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   delete chai;
 }
 
@@ -123,7 +126,7 @@ void arithmetic_conversions_f_func_return(const std::function<unsigned int (unsi
 
 TEST_CASE("Test automatic arithmetic conversions")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&arithmetic_conversions_f1), "f1");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&arithmetic_conversions_f2), "f2");
@@ -164,7 +167,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Test automatic arithmetic conversions")
 
 TEST_CASE("Generic exception handling with C++")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   try {
     chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"));");
@@ -177,7 +180,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Generic exception handling with C++")
 
 TEST_CASE("Throw an int")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   try {
     chai.eval("throw(1)", chaiscript::exception_specification<int>());
@@ -189,19 +192,19 @@ TEST_CASE("Throw an int")
 
 TEST_CASE("Throw int or double")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   try {
     chai.eval("throw(1.0)", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double>());
     REQUIRE(false);
   } catch (const double e) {
-    CHECK(e == 1.0);
+    CHECK(e == Approx(1.0));
   }
 }
 
 TEST_CASE("Throw a runtime_error")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   try {
     chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
@@ -221,7 +224,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Throw a runtime_error")
 
 TEST_CASE("Throw unhandled type")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   try {
     chai.eval("throw(\"error\")", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::exception &>());
@@ -250,7 +253,7 @@ int expected_eval_errors_test_one(const int &)
 
 TEST_CASE("No unexpected exceptions leak")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&expected_eval_errors_test_one), "test_fun");
 
   chai.eval("def guard_fun(i) : i.get_type_info().is_type_arithmetic() {} ");
@@ -313,7 +316,7 @@ int function_ordering_test_two(int &)
 
 TEST_CASE("Function ordering")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.eval("def test_fun(x) { return 3; }");
   chai.eval("def test_fun(x) : x == \"hi\" { return 4; }");
 //  chai.eval("def test_fun(x) { return 5; }");
@@ -337,7 +340,7 @@ int functor_cast_test_call(const std::function<int (int)> &f, int val)
 TEST_CASE("Functor cast")
 {
 
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&functor_cast_test_call), "test_call");
 
@@ -356,10 +359,10 @@ int set_state_test_myfun()
 
 TEST_CASE("Set and restore chai state")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   // save the initial state of globals and locals
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript::State firststate = chai.get_state();
+  auto firststate = chai.get_state();
   std::map<std::string, chaiscript::Boxed_Value> locals = chai.get_locals();
 
   // add some new globals and locals
@@ -402,7 +405,7 @@ class Short_Comparison_Test {
 
 TEST_CASE("Short comparison with int")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<Short_Comparison_Test>(), "Test");
   chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<Short_Comparison_Test()>(), "Test");
 
@@ -425,7 +428,7 @@ class Type_Name_MyClass
 
 TEST_CASE("Test lookup of type names")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   auto type = chaiscript::user_type<Type_Name_MyClass>();
   chai.add(type, "MyClass");
 
@@ -451,13 +454,13 @@ int simultaneous_chaiscript_do_something_else(int i)
 
 TEST_CASE("Simultaneous ChaiScript tests")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&simultaneous_chaiscript_do_something), "do_something");
   chai.add(chaiscript::var(1), "i");
 
   for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
   {
-    chaiscript::ChaiScript chai2;
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai2(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
     chai2.add(chaiscript::fun(&simultaneous_chaiscript_do_something_else), "do_something_else");
 
     CHECK(chai.eval<int>("do_something(" + std::to_string(i) + ")") == i + 2);
@@ -506,7 +509,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Utility_Test utility class wrapper")
       );
 
 
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(m);
 
   CHECK(chai.eval<std::string>("auto t = Utility_Test(); t.function2(); ") == "Function2");
@@ -549,7 +552,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Utility_Test utility class wrapper for enum")
       );
 
 
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(m);
 
   CHECK(chai.eval<Utility_Test_Numbers>("ONE ") == 0);
@@ -644,7 +647,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Object copy counts")
   m->add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Copy_Count_Test(const Object_Copy_Count_Test &)>(), "Object_Copy_Count_Test");
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&object_copy_count_create), "create");
 
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(m);
 
   chai.eval(" { auto i = create(); } ");
@@ -700,7 +703,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Object lifetime tests")
   m->add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Lifetime_Test(const Object_Lifetime_Test &)>(), "Object_Lifetime_Test");
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&Object_Lifetime_Test::count), "count");
 
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(m);
 
   CHECK(chai.eval<int>("count()") == 0);
@@ -753,7 +756,7 @@ Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float> Object_Lifetime_Vector2_GetValue()
 
 TEST_CASE("Object lifetime test 2")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript _script;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic _script(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   //Registering stuff
   _script.add(chaiscript::user_type<Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>>(), "Object_Lifetime_Vector2f");
@@ -794,7 +797,7 @@ int myfunction(Non_Poly_Base *)
 
 TEST_CASE("Test Derived->Base with non-polymorphic classes")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<Non_Poly_Base, Non_Poly_Derived>());
   Non_Poly_Derived d;
   chai.add(chaiscript::var(&d), "d");
@@ -813,7 +816,7 @@ struct TestCppVariableScope
 
 TEST_CASE("Variable Scope When Calling From C++")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<TestCppVariableScope>(), "Test");
   chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<TestCppVariableScope()>(), "Test");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&TestCppVariableScope::print), "print");
@@ -836,7 +839,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Variable Scope When Calling From C++")
 
 TEST_CASE("Variable Scope When Calling From C++ 2")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.eval("var obj = 2;");
   auto func = chai.eval<std::function<void()>>("fun(){ return obj; }");
   CHECK_THROWS(func());
@@ -853,7 +856,7 @@ void longlong(long long i) {
 
 TEST_CASE("Test long long dispatch")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&longlong), "longlong");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&ulonglong), "ulonglong");
   chai.eval("longlong(15)");
@@ -873,7 +876,7 @@ struct Returned_Converted_Config
 
 TEST_CASE("Return of converted type from script")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
 
   chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<Returned_Converted_Config ()>(), "Returned_Converted_Config");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Returned_Converted_Config::num_iterations), "num_iterations");
@@ -921,7 +924,7 @@ int get_value_a(const std::map<std::string, int> &t_m)
 
 TEST_CASE("Map conversions")
 {
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   chai.add(chaiscript::map_conversion<std::map<std::string, int>>());
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&get_value_a), "get_value_a");
 
@@ -941,7 +944,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Parse floats with non-posix locale")
 #else
   std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_ZA.utf8");
 #endif
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
   const double parsed = chai.eval<double>("print(1.3); 1.3");
   CHECK(parsed == Approx(1.3));
   const std::string str = chai.eval<std::string>("to_string(1.3)");
@@ -950,4 +953,320 @@ TEST_CASE("Parse floats with non-posix locale")
 
 
 
+bool FindBitmap(int &ox, int &oy, long) {
+  ox = 1; 
+  oy = 2; 
+  return true;
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Mismatched numeric types only convert necessary params")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&FindBitmap), "FindBitmap");
+  int x = 0;
+  int y = 0;
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(&x), "x");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(&y), "y");
+  chai.eval( "if ( FindBitmap ( x, y, 0) ) { print(\"found at \" + to_string(x) + \", \" + to_string(y))}" );
+  CHECK(x == 1);
+  CHECK(y == 2);
+
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("type_conversion to bool")
+{
+  auto module = std::make_shared<chaiscript::Module>();
+  struct T {
+    operator bool() const { return true; }
+  };
+  module->add(chaiscript::type_conversion<T, bool>());
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Make sure ChaiScript object still compiles / executes")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+}
+
+struct Count_Tracer
+{
+  int count = 0;
+  template<typename T>
+    void trace(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &, const chaiscript::eval::AST_Node_Impl<T> *)
+    {
+      ++count;
+    }
+};
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Test count tracer")
+{
+  typedef chaiscript::parser::ChaiScript_Parser< chaiscript::eval::Tracer<Count_Tracer>, chaiscript::optimizer::Optimizer_Default >  Parser_Type;
+
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library(),
+      std::make_unique<Parser_Type>());
+
+  Parser_Type &parser = dynamic_cast<Parser_Type &>(chai.get_parser());
+
+  const auto count = parser.get_tracer().count;
+
+  chai.eval("");
+
+  CHECK(parser.get_tracer().count > count);
+}
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Test stdlib options")
+{
+  const auto test_has_external_scripts = [](chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic &chai) { 
+    CHECK_NOTHROW(chai.eval("`use`"));
+    CHECK_NOTHROW(chai.eval("`eval_file`"));
+  };
+
+  const auto test_no_external_scripts = [](chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic &chai) { 
+    CHECK_THROWS(chai.eval("`use`"));
+    CHECK_THROWS(chai.eval("`eval_file`"));
+  };
+
+  const auto test_has_load_modules = [](chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic &chai) { 
+    CHECK_NOTHROW(chai.eval("`load_module`"));
+  };
+
+  const auto test_no_load_modules = [](chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic &chai) { 
+    CHECK_THROWS(chai.eval("`load_module`"));
+  };
+
+  SECTION( "Defaults" ) {
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+    test_has_external_scripts(chai);
+    test_has_load_modules(chai);
+  }
+
+  SECTION( "Load_Modules, External_Scripts" ) {
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser(), {}, {}, 
+        {chaiscript::Options::Load_Modules, chaiscript::Options::External_Scripts} );
+    test_has_external_scripts(chai);
+    test_has_load_modules(chai);
+  }
+
+  SECTION( "No_Load_Modules, No_External_Scripts" ) {
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser(), {}, {}, 
+        {chaiscript::Options::No_Load_Modules, chaiscript::Options::No_External_Scripts} );
+    test_no_external_scripts(chai);
+    test_no_load_modules(chai);
+  }
+
+  SECTION( "No_Load_Modules, Load_Modules" ) {
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser(), {}, {}, 
+        {chaiscript::Options::No_Load_Modules, chaiscript::Options::Load_Modules} );
+    test_no_external_scripts(chai);
+    test_no_load_modules(chai);
+  }
+
+  SECTION( "No_External_Scripts, External_Scripts" ) {
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser(), {}, {}, 
+        {chaiscript::Options::No_External_Scripts, chaiscript::Options::External_Scripts} );
+    test_no_external_scripts(chai);
+    test_no_load_modules(chai);
+  }
+
+  SECTION( "No_External_Scripts, Load_Modules" ) {
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser(), {}, {}, 
+        {chaiscript::Options::No_External_Scripts, chaiscript::Options::Load_Modules} );
+    test_no_external_scripts(chai);
+    test_has_load_modules(chai);
+  }
+
+  SECTION( "External_Scripts, No_Load_Modules" ) {
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser(), {}, {}, 
+        {chaiscript::Options::External_Scripts, chaiscript::Options::No_Load_Modules} );
+    test_has_external_scripts(chai);
+    test_no_load_modules(chai);
+  }
+}
+
+
+void uservalueref(int &&)
+{
+}
+
+void usemoveonlytype(std::unique_ptr<int> &&)
+{
+}
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Pass r-value reference to func")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&uservalueref), "uservalueref");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&usemoveonlytype), "usemoveonlytype");
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(std::make_unique<int>(1)), "iptr");
+  chai.eval("usemoveonlytype(iptr)");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Use unique_ptr")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](int &i){ ++i; }), "inci");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](int i){ ++i; }), "copyi");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](int *i){ ++(*i); }), "derefi");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](const std::unique_ptr<int> &i){ ++(*i); }), "constrefuniqptri");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](std::unique_ptr<int> &i){ ++(*i); }), "refuniqptri");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](std::unique_ptr<int> &&i){ ++(*i); }), "rvaluniqptri");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(std::make_unique<int>(1)), "iptr");
+
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("iptr") == 1);
+  chai.eval("inci(iptr)");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("iptr") == 2);
+  chai.eval("copyi(iptr)");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("iptr") == 2);
+  chai.eval("derefi(iptr)");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("iptr") == 3);
+  chai.eval("constrefuniqptri(iptr)");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("iptr") == 4);
+  chai.eval("refuniqptri(iptr)");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("iptr") == 5);
+  chai.eval("rvaluniqptri(iptr)");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("iptr") == 6);
+}
+
+
+class Unique_Ptr_Test_Class
+{
+  public:
+    Unique_Ptr_Test_Class() = default;
+    Unique_Ptr_Test_Class(const Unique_Ptr_Test_Class&) = default;
+    Unique_Ptr_Test_Class(Unique_Ptr_Test_Class &&) = default;
+    Unique_Ptr_Test_Class &operator=(const Unique_Ptr_Test_Class&) = default;
+    Unique_Ptr_Test_Class &operator=(Unique_Ptr_Test_Class&&) = default;
+    virtual ~Unique_Ptr_Test_Class() = default;
+
+    int getI() const {return 5;}
+};
+
+
+std::unique_ptr<Unique_Ptr_Test_Class> make_Unique_Ptr_Test_Class()
+{
+  return std::make_unique<Unique_Ptr_Test_Class>();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Call methods through unique_ptr")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(std::make_unique<Unique_Ptr_Test_Class>()), "uptr");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(make_Unique_Ptr_Test_Class), "make_Unique_Ptr_Test_Class");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Unique_Ptr_Test_Class::getI), "getI");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("uptr.getI()") == 5);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("var uptr2 = make_Unique_Ptr_Test_Class(); uptr2.getI()") == 5);
+}
+
+
+class Unique_Ptr_Test_Base_Class
+{
+  public:
+    int getI() const {return 5;}
+};
+
+class Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class : public Unique_Ptr_Test_Base_Class
+{};
+
+std::unique_ptr<Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class> make_Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class()
+{
+  return std::make_unique<Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class>();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Call methods on base class through unique_ptr<derived>")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(std::make_unique<Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class>()), "uptr");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(make_Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class), "make_Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Unique_Ptr_Test_Base_Class::getI), "getI");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<Unique_Ptr_Test_Base_Class, Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class>());
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("uptr.getI()") == 5);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("var uptr2 = make_Unique_Ptr_Test_Derived_Class(); uptr2.getI()") == 5);
+}
+
+
+class A
+{
+  public:
+    A() = default;
+    A(const A&) = default;
+    A(A &&) = default;
+    A &operator=(const A&) = default;
+    A &operator=(A&&) = default;
+    virtual ~A() = default;
+};
+
+class B : public A
+{
+  public:
+    B() = default;
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("Test typed chaiscript functions to perform conversions")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<A>(), "A");
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<B>(), "B");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::base_class<A, B>());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](const B &)
+        {
+        }), "CppFunctWithBArg");
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([]() -> std::shared_ptr<A> 
+        {
+        return (std::shared_ptr<A>(new B()));
+        }), "Create");
+
+  chai.eval(R"(
+            var inst = Create() // A*
+
+            // it prints "A"
+            inst.type_name().print() 
+
+            // Ok it is casted using conversion
+            CppFunctWithBArg(inst)
+
+            // Define a function with B as argument
+            def ChaiFuncWithBArg(B inst)
+            {
+                    print("ok")
+            }
+
+            // don't work
+            ChaiFuncWithBArg(inst)
+            )");
+}
+
+struct Reference_MyClass
+{
+  Reference_MyClass(double& t_x) : x(t_x) {}
+  double& x;
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("Test reference member being registered")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+  // Note, C++ will not allow us to do this:
+  // chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Reference_MyClass::x) , "x");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](Reference_MyClass &r) -> decltype(auto) { return (r.x); }), "x");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun([](const Reference_MyClass &r) -> decltype(auto) { return (r.x); }), "x");
+  double d;
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(Reference_MyClass(d)), "ref");
+  chai.eval("ref.x = 2.3");
+  CHECK(d == Approx(2.3));
+}
+
 

unittests/conversion_to_bool.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+
+// all we care is that this executes, really
+
+add_type_conversion(type("int"), type("bool"), fun(int i) { return i != 0; });
+
+if (0) {
+  assert_true(false);
+}
+
+if (!0) {
+  assert_true(true);
+} else {
+  assert_true(false);
+}
+
+while (0) {
+  assert_true(false);
+}
+
+for (; 0; ) {
+  assert_true(false);
+}
+

unittests/eval_error.chai

@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ def while_doing()
 
 auto f = fun() { while_doing(); }
 
-assert_equal(get_eval_error(f).call_stack.size(), 16)
+assert_true(get_eval_error(f).call_stack.size() <= 16)

unittests/execution_context.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+
+
+assert_equal(__LINE__, 3)
+
+def f() {
+  [__LINE__, __CLASS__, __FUNC__]
+}
+
+var res = f()
+
+assert_equal(res[0], 6)
+assert_equal(res[1], "NOT_IN_CLASS")
+assert_equal(res[2], "f")
+
+assert_equal(__CLASS__, "NOT_IN_CLASS")
+assert_equal(__FUNC__, "NOT_IN_FUNCTION")
+
+class C
+{
+  def C() {}
+  def member() { [__LINE__, __CLASS__, __FUNC__]; }
+}
+
+var c = C();
+
+var res2 = c.member();
+
+assert_equal(res2[0], 21)
+assert_equal(res2[1], "C")
+assert_equal(res2[2], "member")
+
+def C::member2() { [__LINE__, __CLASS__, __FUNC__]; }
+
+var res3 = c.member2();
+
+assert_equal(res3[0], 32)
+assert_equal(res3[1], "C")
+assert_equal(res3[2], "member2")
+
+assert_true(__FILE__.find("execution_context.chai") != -1)
+
+

unittests/explicit_this_capture.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+class Test
+{
+  def Test()
+  {}
+
+  def a(Function f)
+  {
+    f("test");
+//    f();
+  }
+
+  def b()
+  {
+    var l = fun [this](x) { this.thing();  }
+    this.a(l)
+  }
+
+  def thing()
+  {
+    print("hello world");
+  }
+}
+var t = Test()
+t.b()
+
+

unittests/init_if.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+if (var x = 2; x == 3) {
+  assert_true(false);
+} else if (var y = 3; y == 6) {
+  assert_true(false);
+} else { 
+  assert_equal(5, y + x);
+}

unittests/integer_literal_test.cpp

@@ -1,122 +1,284 @@
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
+#include "../static_libs/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+#include "../static_libs/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
+
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+// ignore errors about negative unsigned integer literals
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4146)
+#endif
+
 
 #define TEST_LITERAL(v) test_literal(v, #v)
+#define TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(v) test_literal(v, #v, true)
 
 template<typename T>
-bool test_literal(T val, const std::string &str)
+bool test_literal(T val, const std::string &str, bool use_boxed_number = false)
 {
-  std::cout << "Comparing : " << val;
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  T val2 = chai.eval<T>(str);
-  std::cout << " " << val2 << '\n';
+  std::cout << '(' << str << ") Comparing : C++ '" << val;
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(create_chaiscript_stdlib(),create_chaiscript_parser());
+
+  // Note, after applying the `-` it's possible that chaiscript has internally converted
+  // between two equivalently sized types (ie, unsigned long and unsigned long long on a 64bit system)
+  // so we're going to allow some leeway with the signed tests
+  T val2 = [&](){
+    if (!use_boxed_number) {
+      return chai.eval<T>(str);
+    } else {
+      return chai.eval<chaiscript::Boxed_Number>(str).get_as_checked<T>();
+    }
+  }();
+
+  std::cout << "' chai '" << val2 << "'\n";
   return val == val2;
 }
 
 int main()
 {
-  if( TEST_LITERAL(0xF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) 
- 
- 
- && TEST_LITERAL(01)
- && TEST_LITERAL(017)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0177)
- && TEST_LITERAL(01777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(017777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0177777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(01777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(017777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(017777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(017777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(017777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(017777777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777777777777777)
+  if( 
+      TEST_LITERAL(0xF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) 
 
- && TEST_LITERAL(1)
- && TEST_LITERAL(17)
- && TEST_LITERAL(177)
- && TEST_LITERAL(1777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(17777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(177777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(1777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(17777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(177777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(1777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(17777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(177777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(1777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(17777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(177777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(1777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(17777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(177777777777777777)
- && TEST_LITERAL(1777777777777777777)
 
- && test_literal(0xF, "0b1111")
- && test_literal(0xFF, "0b11111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFF, "0b111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFF, "0b1111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && TEST_LITERAL(01)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(017)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0177)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(01777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(017777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0177777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(01777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(017777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(017777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(017777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(017777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(017777777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(0177777777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(01777777777777777777777)
 
- && test_literal(0x7, "0b111")
- && test_literal(0x7F, "0b1111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FF, "0b11111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFF, "0b111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFF, "0b1111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
- && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
-)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(1)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(17)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(177)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(1777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(17777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(177777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(1777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(17777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(177777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(1777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(17777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(177777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(1777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(17777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(177777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(1777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(17777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(177777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(1777777777777777777)
+
+      && test_literal(0xF, "0b1111")
+      && test_literal(0xFF, "0b11111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFF, "0b111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFF, "0b1111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+
+      && test_literal(0x7, "0b111")
+      && test_literal(0x7F, "0b1111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FF, "0b11111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFF, "0b111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFF, "0b1111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+      && test_literal(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, "0b111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) 
+
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-01)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-017)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0177)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-01777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-017777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0177777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-01777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-017777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0177777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-01777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-017777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0177777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-01777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-017777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0177777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-01777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-017777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0177777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-01777777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-017777777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-0177777777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-01777777777777777777777)
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-1)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-17)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-177)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-1777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-17777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-177777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-1777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-17777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-177777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-1777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-17777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-177777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-1777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-17777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-177777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-1777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-17777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-177777777777777777)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-1777777777777777777)
+
+      // Test 8/16/24/32 bit boundaries for various types
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL(255)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(65535)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(16777215)
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+        // bug in cl.exe causes this to be incorrectly parsed as an unsigned
+        && TEST_LITERAL(4294967295)
+#endif
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-255)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-65535)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-16777215)
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+        // bug in cl.exe causes this to be incorrectly parsed as an unsigned
+        && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-4294967295)
+#endif
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL(255u)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(65535u)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(16777215u)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(4294967295u)
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-255u)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-65535u)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-16777215u)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-4294967295u)
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL(255l)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(65535l)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(16777215l)
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+        // bug in cl.exe causes this to be incorrectly parsed as an unsigned
+        && TEST_LITERAL(4294967295l)
+#endif
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-255l)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-65535l)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-16777215l)
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+        // bug in cl.exe causes this to be incorrectly parsed as an unsigned
+        && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-4294967295l)
+#endif
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL(255ul)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(65535ul)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(16777215ul)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(4294967295ul)
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-255ul)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-65535ul)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-16777215ul)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-4294967295ul)
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL(255ull)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(65535ull)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(16777215ull)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(4294967295ull)
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-255ull)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-65535ull)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-16777215ull)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-4294967295ull)
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL(255ll)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(65535ll)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(16777215ll)
+      && TEST_LITERAL(4294967295ll)
+
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-255ll)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-65535ll)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-16777215ll)
+      && TEST_LITERAL_SIGNED(-4294967295ll)
+
+
+      )
   {
     return EXIT_SUCCESS;
   } else {
     return EXIT_FAILURE;
   }
 
-
-
-
-
 }
+
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif

unittests/multifile_test_chai.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 #include "multifile_test_chai.hpp"
 
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp>
 
 Multi_Test_Chai::Multi_Test_Chai()
-  : m_chai(new chaiscript::ChaiScript(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library()))
+  : m_chai(new chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library(),
+           std::make_unique<chaiscript::parser::ChaiScript_Parser<chaiscript::eval::Noop_Tracer, chaiscript::optimizer::Optimizer_Default>>()))
 {
 }
 
 
-std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::ChaiScript> Multi_Test_Chai::get_chai()
+std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic> Multi_Test_Chai::get_chai()
 {
   return m_chai;
 }

unittests/multifile_test_chai.hpp

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
 
 class Multi_Test_Chai
 {
   public:
     Multi_Test_Chai();
 
-    std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::ChaiScript> get_chai();
+    std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic> get_chai();
 
   private:
-    std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::ChaiScript> m_chai;
+    std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic> m_chai;
 };
 
 

unittests/multifile_test_main.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 #include "multifile_test_chai.hpp"
 #include "multifile_test_module.hpp"
 
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
 
 int main()
 {
   Multi_Test_Chai chaitest;
   Multi_Test_Module chaimodule;
 
-  std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::ChaiScript> chai = chaitest.get_chai();
+  std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic> chai = chaitest.get_chai();
   chai->add(chaimodule.get_module());
   return chai->eval<int>("get_module_value()");
 }

unittests/multifile_test_module.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
 
 #include "multifile_test_module.hpp"
 

unittests/multifile_test_module.hpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
 
 class Multi_Test_Module
 {

unittests/multithreaded_test.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp>
 
 int expected_value(int num_iters)
 {
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ int expected_value(int num_iters)
   return i;
 }
 
-void do_work(chaiscript::ChaiScript &c, const size_t id)
+void do_work(chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic &c, const size_t id)
 {
   try{
     std::stringstream ss;
@@ -62,7 +63,12 @@ int main()
     modulepaths.push_back(modulepath);
   }
 
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(modulepaths,usepaths);
+  
+  // For this test we are going to load the dynamic stdlib
+  // to make sure it continues to work
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript_Basic chai(
+      std::make_unique<chaiscript::parser::ChaiScript_Parser<chaiscript::eval::Noop_Tracer, chaiscript::optimizer::Optimizer_Default>>(),
+      modulepaths,usepaths);
 
   std::vector<std::shared_ptr<std::thread> > threads;
 

unittests/negative_numbers.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+def numFunc(x)
+{
+  return x + 10;
+}
+
+
+// Note that unary prefix `-` has lower precedence than `.`
+// this is why these values are correct, even if counterintuitive
+
+assert_true(-5.numFunc() == -15);
+assert_true((-5).numFunc() == 5);
+

unittests/precedence_4.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+var i = 2;
+
+assert_equal(++i * i, 9)

unittests/ranged_for.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+var sum = 0;
+
+for (x : [1,2,3,4]) {
+  sum += x;
+}
+
+assert_equal(sum, 10)
+
+var result = 0.0;
+
+for (x : retro(range([1,2,3,4]))) {
+  if (result == 0.0) {
+    result = x;
+  } else {
+    result /= x;
+  }
+}
+
+assert_true(result > .6 && result < .7);
+
+

unittests/string_unicode_ascii.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+assert_equal('\u0020', ' ')
+assert_equal('\u0021', '!')
+assert_equal('\u0030', '0')
+assert_equal('\u0040', '@')
+assert_equal('\u005B', '[')
+assert_equal('\u005d', ']')
+assert_equal('\u0061', 'a')
+assert_equal('\u007e', '~')

unittests/string_unicode_parse.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+assert_equal('\u00aa', '\u00AA')
+assert_equal('\u00bb', '\uBB')
+assert_equal('\ucc', '\u00CC')
+assert_equal('\udd', '\uDD')
+
+assert_equal('\u0ee', '\uEE')
+assert_equal('\ue', '\u000E')
+
+assert_equal("\u30\u31\u32", "012")
+assert_equal("\u33Test", "3Test")
+assert_equal("Test\u0040", "Test@")

unittests/string_unicode_unicode.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+assert_equal("\uc39c", "Ü")
+assert_equal("U for \uc39cmlauts", "U for Ümlauts")
+assert_equal("More \uc39cml\uc3a4\uc3bcts", "More Ümläüts")
+
+assert_equal("Thorn \uc3be sign", "Thorn þ sign")