Merge branch 'develop' of github.com:ChaiScript/ChaiScript into develop

Added elapsed time helper to chai executable

.decent_ci-Linux.yaml

@@ -1,13 +1,30 @@
 compilers:
   - name: "clang"
     version: "3.5"
+    skip_packaging: true
     cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "clang"
+    build_tag: "LibC++"
+    version: "3.5"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "clang"
+    build_tag: AddressSanitizer
+    version: "3.5"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "clang"
+    build_tag: ThreadSanitizer
+    version: "3.5"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
   - name: "gcc"
     version: "4.8"
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
   - name: "gcc"
     version: "4.6"
+    skip_packaging: true
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
   - name: cppcheck
-    compiler_extra_flags: --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr
+    compiler_extra_flags: --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr -Umax  --suppress="*:cmake*" --suppress="*:unittests/catch.hpp" --force
 

.decent_ci-MacOS.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 compilers:
   - name: clang
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA
+    build_package_generator: TBZ2
   - name: clang
     build_type: Debug
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA
+    skip_packaging: true
 

.decent_ci-Windows.yaml

@@ -2,19 +2,19 @@ compilers:
   - name: Visual Studio
     version: 14
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
-    compiler_extra_flags: /ANALYZE
+    compiler_extra_flags: /analyze
+    skip_packaging: true
   - name: Visual Studio
     version: 14
     architecture: Win64
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
-    compiler_extra_flags: /ANALYZE
+    compiler_extra_flags: /analyze
+    skip_packaging: true
   - name: Visual Studio
     version: 12
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
-    compiler_extra_flags: /ANALYZE
   - name: Visual Studio
     version: 12
     architecture: Win64
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
-    compiler_extra_flags: /ANALYZE
 

.travis.yml

@@ -26,6 +26,14 @@ notifications:
       - jason@emptycrate.com
     on_success: always
     on_failure: always
+  webhooks:
+    urls:
+      - https://webhooks.gitter.im/e/4be9a2720eaa1bb2a6c9
+    on_success: change  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
+    on_failure: always  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
+    on_start: false     # default: false
 env:
   global:
     secure: eiaR6pXiiEpyB8+LLQ1NvZdl0Yylru1BLy9lMoHl+IpUNGGQGywmW/2WAn77rFfmR1OPA2qWQLfgPwgK0HxUA9HHlot9tre5QhiN2Lw8NOT8tCZ6tTm2+QntDBjBGJyal/knRvQkn/6qs6GxlXRerz4ArnnuPL1vESt3zwB0YtU=
+
+

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,18 +1,30 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
 
+if(NOT ${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.1")
+  cmake_policy(SET CMP0054 NEW)
+endif()
+
+IF(BIICODE)
+  INIT_BIICODE_BLOCK()
+  ADD_BIICODE_TARGETS()
+ELSE()
+  # Your regular CMakeLists configuration here
+
+
 project(chaiscript)
 
-# MINGW does not yet support C++11's concurrency features
-if(MINGW)
-  option(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED "Multithreaded Support Enabled" FALSE)
-else()
-  option(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED "Multithreaded Support Enabled" TRUE)
-endif()
+option(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED "Multithreaded Support Enabled" TRUE)
 
 
 option(BUILD_MODULES "Build Extra Modules (stl)" TRUE)
 option(BUILD_SAMPLES "Build Samples Folder" FALSE)
+option(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED "Use std::make_shared instead of chaiscript::make_shared" FALSE)
 
+mark_as_advanced(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED)
+
+if(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED)
+  add_definitions(-DCHAISCRIPT_USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED)
+endif()
 
 if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
   option(ENABLE_COVERAGE "Enable Coverage Reporting in GCC" FALSE)
@@ -81,7 +93,7 @@ set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_README "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/readme.md")
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION_FILE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/description.txt")
 
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR 5)
-set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR 5)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR 7)
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH 0)
 
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_EXECUTABLES "chai;ChaiScript Eval")
@@ -141,7 +153,13 @@ else()
 endif()
 
 if(MSVC)
-  add_definitions(/W4 /w44640)
+  add_definitions(/W4)
+
+  # VS2013 doesn't have magic statics
+  if (MSVC_VERSION STREQUAL "1800")
+    add_definitions(/w44640)
+  endif()
+
   add_definitions(/bigobj)
   # Note on MSVC compiler flags.
   # The code base selective disables warnings as necessary when the compiler is complaining too much
@@ -152,7 +170,13 @@ if(MSVC)
   # how to workaround or fix the error. So I'm disabling it globally.
   add_definitions(/wd4503)
 else()
-  add_definitions(-Wall -Wextra -Wshadow -Wnon-virtual-dtor -pedantic ${CPP11_FLAG})
+  add_definitions(-Wall -Wextra -Wshadow -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wold-style-cast -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wunused -Woverloaded-virtual  -pedantic ${CPP11_FLAG})
+
+  if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
+    add_definitions(-Weverything -Wno-c++98-compat -Wno-documentation -Wno-switch-enum -Wno-weak-vtables -Wno-sign-conversion -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-padded -Wno-missing-noreturn -Wno-exit-time-destructors)
+  else()
+    add_definitions(-Wnoexcept)
+  endif()
 
   if(APPLE)
     add_definitions(-Wno-sign-compare)
@@ -232,6 +256,8 @@ if(BUILD_SAMPLES)
   target_link_libraries(memory_leak_test ${LIBS})
   add_executable(inheritance samples/inheritance.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(inheritance ${LIBS})
+  add_executable(fun_call_performance samples/fun_call_performance.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(fun_call_performance ${LIBS})
 endif()
 
 
@@ -247,6 +273,38 @@ file(GLOB UNIT_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_CUR
 list(SORT UNIT_TESTS)
 
 if(BUILD_TESTING)
+
+  # Add catch tests macro
+  macro(ADD_CATCH_TESTS executable)
+    if (MSVC)
+      file(TO_NATIVE_PATH "${QT_LIBRARY_DIR}" QT_LIB_PATH)
+      set(NEWPATH "${QT_LIB_PATH};$ENV{PATH}")
+    else()
+      set(NEWPATH $ENV{PATH})
+    endif()
+
+    get_target_property(target_files ${executable} SOURCES)
+
+    foreach(source ${target_files})
+      if(NOT "${source}" MATCHES "/moc_.*cxx")
+        string(REGEX MATCH .*cpp source "${source}")
+        if(source)
+          file(READ "${source}" contents)
+          string(REGEX MATCHALL "TEST_CASE\\([ ]*\"[^\"]+\"" found_tests ${contents})
+          foreach(hit ${found_tests})
+            string(REGEX REPLACE "TEST_CASE\\([ ]*(\"[^\"]+\").*" "\\1" test_name ${hit})
+            add_test(${test_name} "${executable}" ${test_name})
+            set_tests_properties(${test_name} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 660 ENVIRONMENT "PATH=${NEWPATH}")
+          endforeach()
+        endif()
+      endif()
+    endforeach()
+  endmacro()
+
+
+
+
+
   option(UNIT_TEST_LIGHT "Unit tests light (expect module loading failures)" FALSE)
 
   add_test(version_check chai -c  "if(\"\\\${ version() };\\\${version_major()};\\\${version_minor()};\\\${version_patch()}\" != \"${CHAI_VERSION};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH}\") { exit(-1) }")
@@ -269,71 +327,19 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
   )
 
   if(NOT UNIT_TEST_LIGHT)
-    # commented out because uniform initializer syntax is not working properly in MSVC 2013
-    add_executable(utility_test unittests/utility_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(utility_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Utility_Test COMMAND utility_test)
+    add_executable(compiled_tests unittests/compiled_tests.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(compiled_tests ${LIBS})
+    ADD_CATCH_TESTS(compiled_tests)
 
-    add_executable(dynamic_object_test unittests/dynamic_object_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(dynamic_object_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Dynamic_Object_Test COMMAND dynamic_object_test)
-
-    add_executable(functor_creation_test unittests/functor_creation_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(functor_creation_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Functor_Creation_Test COMMAND functor_creation_test)
-
-    add_executable(functor_cast_test unittests/functor_cast_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(functor_cast_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Functor_Cast_Test COMMAND functor_cast_test)
 
     add_executable(boxed_cast_test unittests/boxed_cast_test.cpp)
     target_link_libraries(boxed_cast_test ${LIBS})
     add_test(NAME Boxed_Cast_Test COMMAND boxed_cast_test)
 
-    add_executable(object_lifetime_test unittests/object_lifetime_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(object_lifetime_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Object_Lifetime_Test COMMAND object_lifetime_test)
-
-    add_executable(function_ordering_test unittests/function_ordering_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(function_ordering_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Function_Ordering_Test COMMAND function_ordering_test)
-
     add_executable(type_info_test unittests/type_info_test.cpp)
     target_link_libraries(type_info_test ${LIBS})
     add_test(NAME Type_Info_Test COMMAND type_info_test)
 
-    add_executable(type_name_test unittests/type_name_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(type_name_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Type_Name_Test COMMAND type_name_test)
-
-    add_executable(eval_catch_exception_test unittests/eval_catch_exception_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(eval_catch_exception_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Eval_Catch_Exception_Test COMMAND eval_catch_exception_test)
-
-    add_executable(short_comparison_test unittests/short_comparison_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(short_comparison_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Short_Comparison_Test COMMAND short_comparison_test)
-
-    add_executable(cpp_lambda_test unittests/cpp_lambda_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(cpp_lambda_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME cpp_lambda_test COMMAND cpp_lambda_test)
-
-    add_executable(expected_eval_errors_test unittests/expected_eval_errors_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(expected_eval_errors_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Expected_Eval_Errors_Test COMMAND expected_eval_errors_test)
-
-    add_executable(set_state_test unittests/set_state_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(set_state_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Set_State_Test COMMAND set_state_test)
-
-    add_executable(simultaneous_chaiscript_test unittests/simultaneous_chaiscript_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(simultaneous_chaiscript_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Simultaneous_ChaiScript_Test COMMAND simultaneous_chaiscript_test)
-
-    add_executable(heap_allocated_chaiscript_test unittests/heap_allocated_chaiscript_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(heap_allocated_chaiscript_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Heap_Allocated_ChaiScript_Test COMMAND heap_allocated_chaiscript_test)
-
     add_executable(c_linkage_test unittests/c_linkage_test.cpp)
     target_link_libraries(c_linkage_test ${LIBS})
     add_test(NAME C_Linkage_Test COMMAND c_linkage_test)
@@ -342,10 +348,6 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
     target_link_libraries(integer_literal_test ${LIBS})
     add_test(NAME Integer_Literal_Test COMMAND integer_literal_test)
 
-    add_executable(arithmetic_conversions_test unittests/arithmetic_conversions_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(arithmetic_conversions_test ${LIBS})
-    add_test(NAME Arithmetic_Conversions_Test COMMAND arithmetic_conversions_test)
-
     if(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)
       add_executable(multithreaded_test unittests/multithreaded_test.cpp)
       target_link_libraries(multithreaded_test ${LIBS})
@@ -397,3 +399,6 @@ configure_file(contrib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc.in lib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc @O
 install(FILES "${chaiscript_BINARY_DIR}/lib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc"
         DESTINATION lib/pkgconfig)
 
+    
+ENDIF()
+

Doxyfile.in

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ PROJECT_NUMBER         = ${CHAI_VERSION}
 # for a project that appears at the top of each page and should give viewer
 # a quick idea about the purpose of the project. Keep the description short.
 
-PROJECT_BRIEF          = ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/docs
+PROJECT_BRIEF          = "An easy to use embedded scripting language for C++."
 
 # With the PROJECT_LOGO tag one can specify an logo or icon that is
 # included in the documentation. The maximum height of the logo should not

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+Copyright 2009-2015 Jason Turner
+Copyright 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner. 
+
+All Rights Reserved.
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+    disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
+    with the distribution.
+  * Neither the name of Jason Turner nor Jonathan Turner nor the 
+    name of contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

biicode.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[paths]
+        include
+
+[parent]
+	ChaiScript/ChaiScript: 0

cheatsheet.md

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+# Initializing ChaiScript
+
+```
+chaiscript::ChaiScript chai; // loads stdlib from loadable module on file system
+chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library()); // compiles in stdlib
+```
+
+# Adding Things To The Engine
+
+## Adding a Function / Method / Member
+
+### General
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&function_name), "function_name");
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Class::method_name), "method_name");
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Class::member_name), "member_name");
+```
+
+### With Overloads 
+
+#### Preferred
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun<ReturnType (ParamType1, ParamType2)>(&function_with_overloads), "function_name");
+```
+
+#### Alternative
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::fun(std::static_cast<ReturnType (*)(ParamType1, ParamType2)>(&function_with_overloads)), "function_name");
+```
+
+### Lambda
+
+```
+chai.add(
+  chaiscript::fun<std::string (bool)>(
+    [](bool type) { 
+      if (type) { return "x"; } 
+      else { return "y"; } 
+    }), "function_name");
+```
+
+### Constructors
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<MyType ()>(), "MyType");
+chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<MyType (const MyType &)>(), "MyType");
+```
+
+## Adding Types
+
+It's not strictly necessary to add types, but it helps with many things. Cloning, better errors, etc.
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<MyClass>, "MyClass");
+```
+
+## Adding Objects
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // copied in
+chai.add(chaiscript::var(std::ref(somevar), "somevar"); // by reference, shared between C++ and chai
+auto shareddouble = std::make_shared<double>(4.3);
+chai.add(chaiscript::var(shareddouble), "shareddouble"); // by shared_ptr, shared between c++ and chai
+chai.add(chaiscript::const_var(somevar), "somevar"); // copied in and made const
+chai.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(somevar), "somevar"); // global const. Throws if value is non-const
+chai.add_global(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // global non-const
+```
+
+# Executing Script
+
+## General
+
+```
+chai.eval("print(\"Hello World\")");
+chai.eval(R"(print("Hello World"))");
+```
+
+## Unboxing Return Values
+
+### Prefered
+
+```
+chai.eval<double>("5.3 + 2.1"); // returns 7.4 as a C++ double
+```
+
+### Alternative
+
+```
+auto v = chai.eval("5.3 + 2.1");
+chai.boxed_cast<double>(v); // extracts double value from boxed_value and applies known conversions
+chaiscript::boxed_cast<double>(v); // free function version, does not know about conversions
+```
+
+### Converting Between Algebraic Types
+
+```
+chaiscript::Boxed_Number(chai.eval("5.3 + 2.1")).get_as<int>(); // works with any number type
+// which is equivalent to, but much more automatic than:
+static_cast<int>(chai.eval<double>("5.3+2.1")); // this version only works if we know that it's a double
+```
+
+## Sharing Values
+
+```
+double &d = chai.eval("var i = 5.2; i"); // d is now a reference to i in the script
+std::shared_ptr<double> d = chai.eval("var i = 5.2; i"); // same result but reference counted
+
+d = 3;
+chai.eval("print(i)"); // prints 3
+```
+
+## Catching Eval Errors
+
+```
+try {
+  chai.eval("2.3 + \"String\"");
+} catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &e) {
+  std::cout << "Error\n" << e.pretty_print() << '\n';
+}
+```
+
+## Catching Errors Thrown From Script
+
+```
+try {
+  chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
+} catch (const double e) {
+} catch (int) {
+} catch (float) {
+} catch (const std::string &) {
+} catch (const std::exception &e) {
+  // This is the one what will be called in the specific throw() above
+}
+```
+
+## Sharing Functions
+
+
+```
+auto p = chai.eval<std::function<std::string (double)>>("to_string"); 
+p(5); // calls chaiscript's 'to_string' function, returning std::string("5")
+```
+
+Note: backtick treats operators as normal functions
+
+```
+auto p = chai.eval<std::function<int (int, int)>>(`+`); 
+p(5, 6); // calls chaiscript's '+' function, returning 11
+```
+
+```
+auto p = chai.eval<std::function<std::string (int, double)>>(fun(x,y) { to_string(x) + to_string(y); });
+p(3,4.2); // evaluates the lambda function, returning the string "34.2" to C++
+```
+
+# Language Reference
+
+## Variables
+
+```
+var i; // uninitialized variable, can take any value on first assignment;
+auto j; // equiv to var
+
+var k = 5; // initialized to 5 (integer)
+var l := k; // reference to k
+auto &m = k; // reference to k
+
+GLOBAL g = 5; // creates a global variable. If global already exists, it is not re-added
+GLOBAL g = 2; // global 'g' now equals 2
+
+GLOBAL g2;
+if (g2.is_var_undef()) { g2 = 4; } // only initialize g2 once, if GLOBAL decl hit more than once
+```
+
+## Built in Types
+
+```
+var v = [1,2,3u,4ll,"16", `+`]; // creates vector of heterogenous values
+var m = ["a":1, "b":2]; // map of string:value pairs
+```
+
+Floating point values default to `double` type and integers default to `int` type. All C++ suffixes
+such as `f`, `ll`, `u` as well as scientific notion is supported
+
+```
+1.0 // double
+1.0f // float
+1.0l // long double
+1 // int
+1u // unsigned int
+1ul // unsigned long
+1ull // unsigned long long
+```
+
+Literals are automatically sized, just as in C++. For example: `10000000000` is > 32bits and the appropriate type is used to hold it
+on your platform.
+
+
+## Functions
+
+### General 
+
+```
+def myfun(x, y) { x + y; } // last statement in body is the return value
+def myfun(x, y) { return x + y; } // equiv 
+```
+
+### Optionally Typed
+
+```
+def myfun(x, int y) { x + y; } // requires y to be an int
+```
+
+### With Guards
+
+```
+def myfun(x, int y) : y > 5 { x - y; } // only called if y > 5
+```
+
+### Methods
+
+Methods and functions are mostly equivalent
+
+```
+def string::add(int y) { this + to_string(y); }
+def add(string s, int y) { s + to_string(y); } //equiv functionality
+
+// calling new function/method
+"a".add(1); // returns a1
+add("a", 1); // returns a1, either calling syntax works with either def above
+```
+
+### Lambdas
+
+```
+var l = fun(x) { x * 15; }
+l(2) // returns 30
+
+var a = 13
+var m = fun[a](x) { x * a; } 
+m(3); // a was captured (by reference), returns 39
+
+var n = bind(fun(x,y) { x * y; }, _, 10);
+n(2); // returns 20 
+```
+
+
+
+## ChaiScript Defined Types
+
+Define a type called "MyType" with one member value "a" and a getter
+
+### Preferred
+
+```
+class MyType {
+  var value;
+  def MyType() { this.value = "a"; }
+  def get_value() { "Value Is: " + this.value; }
+};
+```
+
+### Alternative 
+
+```
+attr MyType::value;
+def MyType::MyType() { this.value = "a"; }
+def MyType::get_value() { "Value Is: " + this.value; }
+```
+
+### Using
+
+```
+var m = MyType(); // calls constructor
+print(m.get_value()); // prints "Value Is: a"
+print(get_value(m)); // prints "Value Is: a"
+```
+
+## Dynamic Objects
+
+All ChaiScript defined types and generic Dynamic_Object support dynamic parameters
+
+```
+var o = Dynamic_Object();
+o.f = fun(x) { print(x); }
+o.f(3); // prints "3"
+```
+
+Implicit 'this' is allowed:
+
+```
+var o = Dynamic_Object();
+o.x = 3;
+o.f = fun(y) { print(this.x + y); }
+o.f(10); // prints 13
+```
+
+## method_missing
+
+A function of the signature `method_missing(object, name, param1, param2, param3)` will be called if an appropriate
+method cannot be found
+
+```
+def method_missing(int i, string name, Vector v) {
+  print("method_missing(${i}, ${name}), ${v.size()} params");
+}
+
+5.bob(1,2,3); // prints "method_missing(5, bob, 3 params)"
+```
+
+`method_missing` signature can be either 2 parameters or 3 parameters. If the signature contains two parameters
+it is treated as a property. If the property contains a function then additional parameters are passed to
+the contained function.
+
+If both a 2 parameter and a 3 parameter signature match, the 3 parameter function always wins.
+
+
+# Built In Functions
+
+## Evaluation
+
+```
+eval("4 + 5") // dynamically eval script string and returns value of last statement
+eval_file("filename") // evals file and returns value of last statement
+use("filename") // evals file exactly once and returns value of last statement
+                // if the file had already been 'used' nothing happens and undefined is returned
+```
+
+Both `use` and `eval_file` search the 'usepaths' passed to the ChaiScript constructor
+
+

cmake/CheckCXX11Features.cmake

@@ -1,103 +1,103 @@
-# Checks for C++11 features
-#  CXX11_FEATURE_LIST - a list containing all supported features
-#  HAS_CXX11_AUTO               - auto keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR            - nullptr
-#  HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA             - lambdas
-#  HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT      - static_assert()
-#  HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES  - rvalue references
-#  HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE           - decltype keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H          - cstdint header
-#  HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG          - long long signed & unsigned types
-#  HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES - variadic templates
-#  HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR          - constexpr keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER      - sizeof() non-static members
-#  HAS_CXX11_FUNC               - __func__ preprocessor constant
-#
-# Original script by Rolf Eike Beer
-# Modifications by Andreas Weis
-#
-CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8.3)
-
-SET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
-IF(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
-	SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++0x")
-endif()
-
-MACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE FEATURE_NAME FEATURE_NUMBER RESULT_VAR)
-	IF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
-		SET(_bindir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cxx11/cxx11_${FEATURE_NAME}")
-
-		IF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME}-N${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\" (N${FEATURE_NUMBER})")
-		ELSE (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME})
-			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\"")
-		ENDIF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-		MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
-
-		SET(_SRCFILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}.cpp")
-		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail.cpp")
-		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail_compile.cpp")
-
-		IF (CROSS_COMPILING)
-			try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
-			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-				try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
-			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-		ELSE (CROSS_COMPILING)
-			try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
-					"${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
-			IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-			ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-			ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-				try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
-						"${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
-				IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-					SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-				ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-					SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-				ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-		ENDIF (CROSS_COMPILING)
-		IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
-			try_compile(_TMP_RESULT "${_bindir}_fail_compile" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE}")
-			IF (_TMP_RESULT)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-			ELSE (_TMP_RESULT)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-			ENDIF (_TMP_RESULT)
-		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
-
-		IF (${RESULT_VAR})
-			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- works")
-			LIST(APPEND CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${RESULT_VAR})
-		ELSE (${RESULT_VAR})
-			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- not supported")
-		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR})
-		SET(${RESULT_VAR} ${${RESULT_VAR}} CACHE INTERNAL "C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
-	ENDIF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
-ENDMACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE)
-
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("auto"               2546 HAS_CXX11_AUTO)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("nullptr"            2431 HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("lambda"             2927 HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("static_assert"      1720 HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("rvalue_references"  2118 HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("decltype"           2343 HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("cstdint"            ""   HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("long_long"          1811 HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("variadic_templates" 2555 HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("constexpr"          2235 HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("sizeof_member"      2253 HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("__func__"           2340 HAS_CXX11_FUNC)
-
-SET(CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${CXX11_FEATURE_LIST} CACHE STRING "C++11 feature support list")
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(FORCE CXX11_FEATURE_LIST)
-
-SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
-UNSET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS)
-
+# Checks for C++11 features
+#  CXX11_FEATURE_LIST - a list containing all supported features
+#  HAS_CXX11_AUTO               - auto keyword
+#  HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR            - nullptr
+#  HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA             - lambdas
+#  HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT      - static_assert()
+#  HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES  - rvalue references
+#  HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE           - decltype keyword
+#  HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H          - cstdint header
+#  HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG          - long long signed & unsigned types
+#  HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES - variadic templates
+#  HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR          - constexpr keyword
+#  HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER      - sizeof() non-static members
+#  HAS_CXX11_FUNC               - __func__ preprocessor constant
+#
+# Original script by Rolf Eike Beer
+# Modifications by Andreas Weis
+#
+CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8.3)
+
+SET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
+IF(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
+	SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++0x")
+endif()
+
+MACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE FEATURE_NAME FEATURE_NUMBER RESULT_VAR)
+	IF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
+		SET(_bindir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cxx11/cxx11_${FEATURE_NAME}")
+
+		IF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
+			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME}-N${FEATURE_NUMBER})
+			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\" (N${FEATURE_NUMBER})")
+		ELSE (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
+			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME})
+			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\"")
+		ENDIF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
+		MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
+
+		SET(_SRCFILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}.cpp")
+		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail.cpp")
+		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail_compile.cpp")
+
+		IF (CROSS_COMPILING)
+			try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
+			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
+				try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
+			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
+		ELSE (CROSS_COMPILING)
+			try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
+					"${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
+			IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
+			ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
+			ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
+				try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
+						"${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
+				IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+					SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
+				ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+					SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
+				ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
+			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
+		ENDIF (CROSS_COMPILING)
+		IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
+			try_compile(_TMP_RESULT "${_bindir}_fail_compile" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE}")
+			IF (_TMP_RESULT)
+				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
+			ELSE (_TMP_RESULT)
+				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
+			ENDIF (_TMP_RESULT)
+		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
+
+		IF (${RESULT_VAR})
+			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- works")
+			LIST(APPEND CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${RESULT_VAR})
+		ELSE (${RESULT_VAR})
+			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- not supported")
+		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR})
+		SET(${RESULT_VAR} ${${RESULT_VAR}} CACHE INTERNAL "C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
+	ENDIF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
+ENDMACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE)
+
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("auto"               2546 HAS_CXX11_AUTO)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("nullptr"            2431 HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("lambda"             2927 HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("static_assert"      1720 HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("rvalue_references"  2118 HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("decltype"           2343 HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("cstdint"            ""   HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("long_long"          1811 HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("variadic_templates" 2555 HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("constexpr"          2235 HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("sizeof_member"      2253 HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER)
+CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("__func__"           2340 HAS_CXX11_FUNC)
+
+SET(CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${CXX11_FEATURE_LIST} CACHE STRING "C++11 feature support list")
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(FORCE CXX11_FEATURE_LIST)
+
+SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
+UNSET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS)
+

cmake/c++11-test-__func__-N2340.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-#include <cstring>
-
-int main()
-{
-	if (!__func__) { return 1; }
-	if(std::strlen(__func__) <= 0) { return 1; }
-	return 0;
-}
+#include <cstring>
+
+int main()
+{
+	if (!__func__) { return 1; }
+	if(std::strlen(__func__) <= 0) { return 1; }
+	return 0;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-auto-N2546.cpp

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-
-int main()
-{
-	auto i = 5;
-	auto f = 3.14159f;
-	auto d = 3.14159;
-	bool ret = (
-		(sizeof(f) < sizeof(d)) &&
-		(sizeof(i) == sizeof(int))
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}
+
+int main()
+{
+	auto i = 5;
+	auto f = 3.14159f;
+	auto d = 3.14159;
+	bool ret = (
+		(sizeof(f) < sizeof(d)) &&
+		(sizeof(i) == sizeof(int))
+	);
+	return ret ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-constexpr-N2235.cpp

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
-constexpr int square(int x)
-{
-	return x*x;
-}
-
-constexpr int the_answer()
-{
-	return 42;
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int test_arr[square(3)];
-	bool ret = (
-		(square(the_answer()) == 1764) &&
-		(sizeof(test_arr)/sizeof(test_arr[0]) == 9)
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}
+constexpr int square(int x)
+{
+	return x*x;
+}
+
+constexpr int the_answer()
+{
+	return 42;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	int test_arr[square(3)];
+	bool ret = (
+		(square(the_answer()) == 1764) &&
+		(sizeof(test_arr)/sizeof(test_arr[0]) == 9)
+	);
+	return ret ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-cstdint.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-#include <cstdint>
-int main()
-{
-	bool test = 
-		(sizeof(int8_t) == 1) &&
-		(sizeof(int16_t) == 2) &&
-		(sizeof(int32_t) == 4) &&
-		(sizeof(int64_t) == 8);
-	return test ? 0 : 1;
-}
+#include <cstdint>
+int main()
+{
+	bool test = 
+		(sizeof(int8_t) == 1) &&
+		(sizeof(int16_t) == 2) &&
+		(sizeof(int32_t) == 4) &&
+		(sizeof(int64_t) == 8);
+	return test ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-decltype-N2343.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-
-bool check_size(int i)
-{
-	return sizeof(int) == sizeof(decltype(i));
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	bool ret = check_size(42);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}
+
+bool check_size(int i)
+{
+	return sizeof(int) == sizeof(decltype(i));
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	bool ret = check_size(42);
+	return ret ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-lambda-N2927.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int ret = 0;
-	return ([&ret]() -> int { return ret; })();
-}
+int main()
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	return ([&ret]() -> int { return ret; })();
+}

cmake/c++11-test-long_long-N1811.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-int main(void)
-{
-	long long l;
-	unsigned long long ul;
-
-	return ((sizeof(l) >= 8) && (sizeof(ul) >= 8)) ? 0 : 1;
-}
+int main(void)
+{
+	long long l;
+	unsigned long long ul;
+
+	return ((sizeof(l) >= 8) && (sizeof(ul) >= 8)) ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-nullptr-N2431.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int* test = nullptr;
-	return test ? 1 : 0;
-}
+int main()
+{
+	int* test = nullptr;
+	return test ? 1 : 0;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-nullptr-N2431_fail_compile.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int i = nullptr;
-	return 1;
-}
+int main()
+{
+	int i = nullptr;
+	return 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-rvalue_references-N2118.cpp

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-int foo(int& lvalue)
-{
-	return 123;
-}
-
-int foo(int&& rvalue)
-{
-	return 321;
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int i = 42;
-	return ((foo(i) == 123) && (foo(42) == 321)) ? 0 : 1;
-}
+int foo(int& lvalue)
+{
+	return 123;
+}
+
+int foo(int&& rvalue)
+{
+	return 321;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	int i = 42;
+	return ((foo(i) == 123) && (foo(42) == 321)) ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-sizeof_member-N2253.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-struct foo {
-	char bar;
-	int baz;
-};
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	bool ret = (
-		(sizeof(foo::bar) == 1) &&
-		(sizeof(foo::baz) >= sizeof(foo::bar)) &&
-		(sizeof(foo) >= sizeof(foo::bar)+sizeof(foo::baz))
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}
+struct foo {
+	char bar;
+	int baz;
+};
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	bool ret = (
+		(sizeof(foo::bar) == 1) &&
+		(sizeof(foo::baz) >= sizeof(foo::bar)) &&
+		(sizeof(foo) >= sizeof(foo::bar)+sizeof(foo::baz))
+	);
+	return ret ? 0 : 1;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-static_assert-N1720.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-int main()
-{
-	static_assert(0 < 1, "your ordering of integers is screwed");
-	return 0;
-}
+int main()
+{
+	static_assert(0 < 1, "your ordering of integers is screwed");
+	return 0;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-static_assert-N1720_fail_compile.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-int main()
-{
-	static_assert(1 < 0, "this should fail");
-	return 0;
-}
+int main()
+{
+	static_assert(1 < 0, "this should fail");
+	return 0;
+}

cmake/c++11-test-variadic_templates-N2555.cpp

@@ -1,23 +1,23 @@
-int Accumulate()
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-template<typename T, typename... Ts>
-int Accumulate(T v, Ts... vs)
-{
-	return v + Accumulate(vs...);
-}
-
-template<int... Is>
-int CountElements()
-{
-	return sizeof...(Is);
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int acc = Accumulate(1, 2, 3, 4, -5);
-	int count = CountElements<1,2,3,4,5>();
-	return ((acc == 5) && (count == 5)) ? 0 : 1;
-}
+int Accumulate()
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+template<typename T, typename... Ts>
+int Accumulate(T v, Ts... vs)
+{
+	return v + Accumulate(vs...);
+}
+
+template<int... Is>
+int CountElements()
+{
+	return sizeof...(Is);
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	int acc = Accumulate(1, 2, 3, 4, -5);
+	int count = CountElements<1,2,3,4,5>();
+	return ((acc == 5) && (count == 5)) ? 0 : 1;
+}

contrib/codeanalysis/heterogenous_array_loop.chai

@@ -1,10 +1,19 @@
 
-var my_array=["1", 4, 6.6l, 10ul, "1000", 100, 10.9f ];
-
-for (var j = 0; j < 10000; ++j)
+def go()
 {
-  for (var i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
+  var my_array=["1", 4, 6.6l, 10ul, "1000", 100, 10.9f ];
+
+  var q = 0;
+
+  for (var j = 0; j < 10000; ++j)
   {
-    to_string(my_array[i]);
+    for (var i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
+    {
+      to_string(my_array[i]);
+    }
+
+    q += j;
   }
 }
+
+go();

contrib/codeanalysis/type_conversions.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+load_module("test_module")
+
+auto t := TestBaseType();
+
+// This uses the TestBaseType to Type2 user type
+// conversion which was added in the module and then calls
+// "get_val()" which exists on the Type2 type
+//assert_equal(t.get_val(), 10);
+//print("Made it past test 1");
+
+var t2 := Type2(t);
+
+//dump_system();
+
+for (var i = 0; i < 50000; ++i) {
+  var str = string(get_str(t2));
+  size(get_str(t2));
+  t2.get_str().size();
+  t.get_str().size();
+}
+
+

contrib/sublimetext/ChaiScript.YAML-tmLanguage

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# [PackageDev] target_format: plist, ext: tmLanguage
+---
+comment: 'ChaiScript Syntax: version 2.0'
+fileTypes: [chai]
+firstLineMatch: ^#!/usr/bin/env node
+foldingStartMarker: ^.*\bdef\s*(\w+\s*)?\([^\)]*\)(\s*\{[^\}]*)?\s*$
+foldingStopMarker: ^\s*\}
+keyEquivalent: ^~J
+name: ChaiScript
+patterns:
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+  end: '"'
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+  patterns:
+  - {match: '\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)', name: constant.character.escape.chai}
+- begin: /\*\*(?!/)
+  captures:
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+  end: \*/
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+  match: (//).*$\n?
+  name: comment.line.double-slash.chai
+- captures:
+    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai}
+    '2': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai}
+  match: (<!--|-->)
+  name: comment.block.html.chai
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+- {match: \btrue\b, name: constant.language.boolean.true.chai}
+- {match: \bfalse\b, name: constant.language.boolean.false.chai}
+- {match: \bnull\b, name: constant.language.null.chai}
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+- {match: '(?<=\.)(s(ystemLanguage|cr(ipts|ollbars|een(X|Y|Top|Left))|t(yle(Sheets)?|atus(Text|bar)?)|ibling(Below|Above)|ource|uffixes|e(curity(Policy)?|l(ection|f)))|h(istory|ost(name)?|as(h|Focus))|y|X(MLDocument|SLDocument)|n(ext|ame(space(s|URI)|Prop))|M(IN_VALUE|AX_VALUE)|c(haracterSet|o(n(structor|trollers)|okieEnabled|lorDepth|mp(onents|lete))|urrent|puClass|l(i(p(boardData)?|entInformation)|osed|asses)|alle(e|r)|rypto)|t(o(olbar|p)|ext(Transform|Indent|Decoration|Align)|ags)|SQRT(1_2|2)|i(n(ner(Height|Width)|put)|ds|gnoreCase)|zIndex|o(scpu|n(readystatechange|Line)|uter(Height|Width)|p(sProfile|ener)|ffscreenBuffering)|NEGATIVE_INFINITY|d(i(splay|alog(Height|Top|Width|Left|Arguments)|rectories)|e(scription|fault(Status|Ch(ecked|arset)|View)))|u(ser(Profile|Language|Agent)|n(iqueID|defined)|pdateInterval)|_content|p(ixelDepth|ort|ersonalbar|kcs11|l(ugins|atform)|a(thname|dding(Right|Bottom|Top|Left)|rent(Window|Layer)?|ge(X(Offset)?|Y(Offset)?))|r(o(to(col|type)|duct(Sub)?|mpter)|e(vious|fix)))|e(n(coding|abledPlugin)|x(ternal|pando)|mbeds)|v(isibility|endor(Sub)?|Linkcolor)|URLUnencoded|P(I|OSITIVE_INFINITY)|f(ilename|o(nt(Size|Family|Weight)|rmName)|rame(s|Element)|gColor)|E|whiteSpace|l(i(stStyleType|n(eHeight|kColor))|o(ca(tion(bar)?|lName)|wsrc)|e(ngth|ft(Context)?)|a(st(M(odified|atch)|Index|Paren)|yer(s|X)|nguage))|a(pp(MinorVersion|Name|Co(deName|re)|Version)|vail(Height|Top|Width|Left)|ll|r(ity|guments)|Linkcolor|bove)|r(ight(Context)?|e(sponse(XML|Text)|adyState))|global|x|m(imeTypes|ultiline|enubar|argin(Right|Bottom|Top|Left))|L(N(10|2)|OG(10E|2E))|b(o(ttom|rder(Width|RightWidth|BottomWidth|Style|Color|TopWidth|LeftWidth))|ufferDepth|elow|ackground(Color|Image)))\b',
+  name: support.constant.chai}
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+  name: support.constant.dom.chai}
+- {match: \b(ELEMENT_NODE|ATTRIBUTE_NODE|TEXT_NODE|CDATA_SECTION_NODE|ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE|ENTITY_NODE|PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE|COMMENT_NODE|DOCUMENT_NODE|DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE|DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE|NOTATION_NODE|INDEX_SIZE_ERR|DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR|HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR|WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR|INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR|NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR|NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR|NOT_FOUND_ERR|NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR|INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR)\b,
+  name: support.constant.dom.chai}
+- {match: '\bon(R(ow(s(inserted|delete)|e(nter|xit))|e(s(ize(start|end)?|et)|adystatechange))|Mouse(o(ut|ver)|down|up|move)|B(efore(cut|deactivate|u(nload|pdate)|p(aste|rint)|editfocus|activate)|lur)|S(croll|top|ubmit|elect(start|ionchange)?)|H(over|elp)|C(hange|ont(extmenu|rolselect)|ut|ellchange|l(ick|ose))|D(eactivate|ata(setc(hanged|omplete)|available)|r(op|ag(start|over|drop|en(ter|d)|leave)?)|blclick)|Unload|P(aste|ropertychange)|Error(update)?|Key(down|up|press)|Focus|Load|A(ctivate|fter(update|print)|bort))\b',
+  name: support.function.event-handler.chai}
+- {match: '!|\$|%|&|\*|\-\-|\-|\+\+|\+|~|===|==|=|!=|!==|<=|>=|<<=|>>=|>>>=|<>|<|>|!|&&|\|\||\?\:|\*=|(?<!\()/=|%=|\+=|\-=|&=|\^=|\b(in|instanceof|new|delete|typeof|void)\b',
+  name: keyword.operator.chai}
+- {match: \b(Infinity|NaN|undefined)\b, name: constant.language.chai}
+- begin: (?<=[=(:]|^|return|&&|\|\||!)\s*(/)(?![/*+{}?])
+  beginCaptures:
+    '1': {name: punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai}
+  end: (/)[igm]*
+  endCaptures:
+    '1': {name: punctuation.definition.string.end.chai}
+  name: string.regexp.chai
+  patterns:
+  - {match: \\., name: constant.character.escape.chai}
+- {match: \;, name: punctuation.terminator.statement.chai}
+- {match: ',[ |\t]*', name: meta.delimiter.object.comma.chai}
+- {match: \., name: meta.delimiter.method.period.chai}
+- {match: '\{|\}', name: meta.brace.curly.chai}
+- {match: \(|\), name: meta.brace.round.chai}
+- {match: '\[|\]', name: meta.brace.square.chai}
+scopeName: source.chai
+uuid: 93E017CC-6F27-11D9-90EB-000D93589AF6
+ 
+...

contrib/sublimetext/ChaiScript.tmLanguage

@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>comment</key>
+	<string>ChaiScript Syntax: version 2.0</string>
+	<key>fileTypes</key>
+	<array>
+		<string>chai</string>
+	</array>
+	<key>firstLineMatch</key>
+	<string>^#!/usr/bin/env node</string>
+	<key>foldingStartMarker</key>
+	<string>^.*\bdef\s*(\w+\s*)?\([^\)]*\)(\s*\{[^\}]*)?\s*$</string>
+	<key>foldingStopMarker</key>
+	<string>^\s*\}</string>
+	<key>keyEquivalent</key>
+	<string>^~J</string>
+	<key>name</key>
+	<string>ChaiScript</string>
+	<key>patterns</key>
+	<array>
+		<dict>
+			<key>comment</key>
+			<string>chaiscript shebang</string>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>^#</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>comment.line.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b((0(x|X)[0-9a-fA-F]+)|([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?))\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.numeric.chai</string>
+		</dict>
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+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>'</string>
+			<key>beginCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
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+			<string>'</string>
+			<key>endCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>string.quoted.single.chai</string>
+			<key>patterns</key>
+			<array>
+				<dict>
+					<key>match</key>
+					<string>\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]?|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)</string>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>constant.character.escape.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</array>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>"</string>
+			<key>beginCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>"</string>
+			<key>endCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>string.quoted.double.chai</string>
+			<key>patterns</key>
+			<array>
+				<dict>
+					<key>match</key>
+					<string>\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)</string>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>constant.character.escape.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</array>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>/\*\*(?!/)</string>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.comment.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>\*/</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>comment.block.documentation.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>/\*</string>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
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+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.comment.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>\*/</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>comment.block.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.comment.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>(//).*$\n?</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>comment.line.double-slash.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+				<key>2</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>(&lt;!--|--&gt;)</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>comment.block.html.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(boolean|byte|char|class|double|enum|float|fun|def|int|interface|long|short|var|auto|attr)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>storage.type.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(break|case|catch|continue|default|do|else|finally|else if|for|goto|if|return|switch|throw|try|while)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>keyword.control.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(delete|in|instanceof|new|typeof|with)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>keyword.operator.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\btrue\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.boolean.true.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\bfalse\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.boolean.false.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\bnull\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.null.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(Anchor|Applet|Area|Array|Boolean|Button|Checkbox|Date|document|event|FileUpload|Form|Frame|Function|Hidden|History|Image|JavaArray|JavaClass|JavaObject|JavaPackage|java|Layer|Link|Location|Math|MimeType|Number|navigator|netscape|Object|Option|Packages|Password|Plugin|Radio|RegExp|Reset|Select|String|Style|Submit|screen|sun|Text|Textarea|window|XMLHttpRequest)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>support.class.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(s(h(ift|ow(Mod(elessDialog|alDialog)|Help))|croll(X|By(Pages|Lines)?|Y|To)?|t(op|rike)|i(n|zeToContent|debar|gnText)|ort|u(p|b(str(ing)?)?)|pli(ce|t)|e(nd|t(Re(sizable|questHeader)|M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Ho(tKeys|urs)|Year|Cursor|Time(out)?|Interval|ZOptions|Date|UTC(M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Hours|Date|FullYear)|FullYear|Active)|arch)|qrt|lice|avePreferences|mall)|h(ome|andleEvent)|navigate|c(har(CodeAt|At)|o(s|n(cat|textual|firm)|mpile)|eil|lear(Timeout|Interval)?|a(ptureEvents|ll)|reate(StyleSheet|Popup|EventObject))|t(o(GMTString|S(tring|ource)|U(TCString|pperCase)|Lo(caleString|werCase))|est|a(n|int(Enabled)?))|i(s(NaN|Finite)|ndexOf|talics)|d(isableExternalCapture|ump|etachEvent)|u(n(shift|taint|escape|watch)|pdateCommands)|j(oin|avaEnabled)|p(o(p|w)|ush|lugins.refresh|a(ddings|rse(Int|Float)?)|r(int|ompt|eference))|e(scape|nableExternalCapture|val|lementFromPoint|x(p|ec(Script|Command)?))|valueOf|UTC|queryCommand(State|Indeterm|Enabled|Value)|f(i(nd|le(ModifiedDate|Size|CreatedDate|UpdatedDate)|xed)|o(nt(size|color)|rward)|loor|romCharCode)|watch|l(ink|o(ad|g)|astIndexOf)|a(sin|nchor|cos|t(tachEvent|ob|an(2)?)|pply|lert|b(s|ort))|r(ou(nd|teEvents)|e(size(By|To)|calc|turnValue|place|verse|l(oad|ease(Capture|Events)))|andom)|g(o|et(ResponseHeader|M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Se(conds|lection)|Hours|Year|Time(zoneOffset)?|Da(y|te)|UTC(M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Hours|Da(y|te)|FullYear)|FullYear|A(ttention|llResponseHeaders)))|m(in|ove(B(y|elow)|To(Absolute)?|Above)|ergeAttributes|a(tch|rgins|x))|b(toa|ig|o(ld|rderWidths)|link|ack))\b(?=\()</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>support.function.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(s(ub(stringData|mit)|plitText|e(t(NamedItem|Attribute(Node)?)|lect))|has(ChildNodes|Feature)|namedItem|c(l(ick|o(se|neNode))|reate(C(omment|DATASection|aption)|T(Head|extNode|Foot)|DocumentFragment|ProcessingInstruction|E(ntityReference|lement)|Attribute))|tabIndex|i(nsert(Row|Before|Cell|Data)|tem)|open|delete(Row|C(ell|aption)|T(Head|Foot)|Data)|focus|write(ln)?|a(dd|ppend(Child|Data))|re(set|place(Child|Data)|move(NamedItem|Child|Attribute(Node)?)?)|get(NamedItem|Element(sBy(Name|TagName)|ById)|Attribute(Node)?)|blur)\b(?=\()</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>support.function.dom.chai</string>
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+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>(?&lt;=\.)(s(ystemLanguage|cr(ipts|ollbars|een(X|Y|Top|Left))|t(yle(Sheets)?|atus(Text|bar)?)|ibling(Below|Above)|ource|uffixes|e(curity(Policy)?|l(ection|f)))|h(istory|ost(name)?|as(h|Focus))|y|X(MLDocument|SLDocument)|n(ext|ame(space(s|URI)|Prop))|M(IN_VALUE|AX_VALUE)|c(haracterSet|o(n(structor|trollers)|okieEnabled|lorDepth|mp(onents|lete))|urrent|puClass|l(i(p(boardData)?|entInformation)|osed|asses)|alle(e|r)|rypto)|t(o(olbar|p)|ext(Transform|Indent|Decoration|Align)|ags)|SQRT(1_2|2)|i(n(ner(Height|Width)|put)|ds|gnoreCase)|zIndex|o(scpu|n(readystatechange|Line)|uter(Height|Width)|p(sProfile|ener)|ffscreenBuffering)|NEGATIVE_INFINITY|d(i(splay|alog(Height|Top|Width|Left|Arguments)|rectories)|e(scription|fault(Status|Ch(ecked|arset)|View)))|u(ser(Profile|Language|Agent)|n(iqueID|defined)|pdateInterval)|_content|p(ixelDepth|ort|ersonalbar|kcs11|l(ugins|atform)|a(thname|dding(Right|Bottom|Top|Left)|rent(Window|Layer)?|ge(X(Offset)?|Y(Offset)?))|r(o(to(col|type)|duct(Sub)?|mpter)|e(vious|fix)))|e(n(coding|abledPlugin)|x(ternal|pando)|mbeds)|v(isibility|endor(Sub)?|Linkcolor)|URLUnencoded|P(I|OSITIVE_INFINITY)|f(ilename|o(nt(Size|Family|Weight)|rmName)|rame(s|Element)|gColor)|E|whiteSpace|l(i(stStyleType|n(eHeight|kColor))|o(ca(tion(bar)?|lName)|wsrc)|e(ngth|ft(Context)?)|a(st(M(odified|atch)|Index|Paren)|yer(s|X)|nguage))|a(pp(MinorVersion|Name|Co(deName|re)|Version)|vail(Height|Top|Width|Left)|ll|r(ity|guments)|Linkcolor|bove)|r(ight(Context)?|e(sponse(XML|Text)|adyState))|global|x|m(imeTypes|ultiline|enubar|argin(Right|Bottom|Top|Left))|L(N(10|2)|OG(10E|2E))|b(o(ttom|rder(Width|RightWidth|BottomWidth|Style|Color|TopWidth|LeftWidth))|ufferDepth|elow|ackground(Color|Image)))\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>support.constant.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>(?&lt;=\.)(s(hape|ystemId|c(heme|ope|rolling)|ta(ndby|rt)|ize|ummary|pecified|e(ctionRowIndex|lected(Index)?)|rc)|h(space|t(tpEquiv|mlFor)|e(ight|aders)|ref(lang)?)|n(o(Resize|tation(s|Name)|Shade|Href|de(Name|Type|Value)|Wrap)|extSibling|ame)|c(h(ildNodes|Off|ecked|arset)?|ite|o(ntent|o(kie|rds)|de(Base|Type)?|l(s|Span|or)|mpact)|ell(s|Spacing|Padding)|l(ear|assName)|aption)|t(ype|Bodies|itle|Head|ext|a(rget|gName)|Foot)|i(sMap|ndex|d|m(plementation|ages))|o(ptions|wnerDocument|bject)|d(i(sabled|r)|o(c(type|umentElement)|main)|e(clare|f(er|ault(Selected|Checked|Value)))|at(eTime|a))|useMap|p(ublicId|arentNode|r(o(file|mpt)|eviousSibling))|e(n(ctype|tities)|vent|lements)|v(space|ersion|alue(Type)?|Link|Align)|URL|f(irstChild|orm(s)?|ace|rame(Border)?)|width|l(ink(s)?|o(ngDesc|wSrc)|a(stChild|ng|bel))|a(nchors|c(ce(ssKey|pt(Charset)?)|tion)|ttributes|pplets|l(t|ign)|r(chive|eas)|xis|Link|bbr)|r(ow(s|Span|Index)|ules|e(v|ferrer|l|adOnly))|m(ultiple|e(thod|dia)|a(rgin(Height|Width)|xLength))|b(o(dy|rder)|ackground|gColor))\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>support.constant.dom.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(ELEMENT_NODE|ATTRIBUTE_NODE|TEXT_NODE|CDATA_SECTION_NODE|ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE|ENTITY_NODE|PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE|COMMENT_NODE|DOCUMENT_NODE|DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE|DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE|NOTATION_NODE|INDEX_SIZE_ERR|DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR|HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR|WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR|INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR|NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR|NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR|NOT_FOUND_ERR|NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR|INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>support.constant.dom.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\bon(R(ow(s(inserted|delete)|e(nter|xit))|e(s(ize(start|end)?|et)|adystatechange))|Mouse(o(ut|ver)|down|up|move)|B(efore(cut|deactivate|u(nload|pdate)|p(aste|rint)|editfocus|activate)|lur)|S(croll|top|ubmit|elect(start|ionchange)?)|H(over|elp)|C(hange|ont(extmenu|rolselect)|ut|ellchange|l(ick|ose))|D(eactivate|ata(setc(hanged|omplete)|available)|r(op|ag(start|over|drop|en(ter|d)|leave)?)|blclick)|Unload|P(aste|ropertychange)|Error(update)?|Key(down|up|press)|Focus|Load|A(ctivate|fter(update|print)|bort))\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>support.function.event-handler.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>!|\$|%|&amp;|\*|\-\-|\-|\+\+|\+|~|===|==|=|!=|!==|&lt;=|&gt;=|&lt;&lt;=|&gt;&gt;=|&gt;&gt;&gt;=|&lt;&gt;|&lt;|&gt;|!|&amp;&amp;|\|\||\?\:|\*=|(?&lt;!\()/=|%=|\+=|\-=|&amp;=|\^=|\b(in|instanceof|new|delete|typeof|void)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>keyword.operator.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(Infinity|NaN|undefined)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>(?&lt;=[=(:]|^|return|&amp;&amp;|\|\||!)\s*(/)(?![/*+{}?])</string>
+			<key>beginCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>(/)[igm]*</string>
+			<key>endCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>string.regexp.chai</string>
+			<key>patterns</key>
+			<array>
+				<dict>
+					<key>match</key>
+					<string>\\.</string>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>constant.character.escape.chai</string>
+				</dict>
+			</array>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\;</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>punctuation.terminator.statement.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>,[ |\t]*</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.delimiter.object.comma.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\.</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.delimiter.method.period.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\{|\}</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.curly.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\(|\)</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.round.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\[|\]</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.square.chai</string>
+		</dict>
+	</array>
+	<key>scopeName</key>
+	<string>source.chai</string>
+	<key>uuid</key>
+	<string>93E017CC-6F27-11D9-90EB-000D93589AF6</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HPP_
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// chai.add_global_const(const_var(i), "i");
-/// chai("def somefun() { print(i); }; sumfun();");
+/// chai("def somefun() { print(i); }; somefun();");
 /// ~~~~~~~~~
 /// 
 /// @subsubsection adding_functions Adding Functions
@@ -663,6 +663,19 @@
 ///
 /// @sa @ref LangObjectSystemRef
 ///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordauto auto
+///
+/// Defines a variable
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// Variable ::= "auto" identifier
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Synonym for @ref keywordvar
+///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @section keywordbreak break
@@ -682,13 +695,13 @@
 /// Begins a function or method definition
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// Function Definition ::= [annotation + CR/LF] "def" identifier "(" [arg ("," arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
-/// Method Definition ::= [annotation + CR/LF] "def" class_name "::" method_name "(" [arg ("," arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
+/// Function Definition ::= [annotation + CR/LF] "def" identifier "(" [[type] arg ("," [type] arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
+/// Method Definition ::= [annotation + CR/LF] "def" class_name "::" method_name "(" [[type] arg ("," [type] arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 /// 
 /// annotation: meta-annotation on function, currently used as documentation. Optional.
 /// identifier: name of function. Required.
-/// args: comma-delimited list of parameter names. Optional.
+/// args: comma-delimited list of parameter names with optional type specifiers. Optional.
 /// guards: guarding statement that act as a prerequisite for the function. Optional.
 /// { }: scoped block as function body. Required.
 ///
@@ -765,12 +778,13 @@
 /// @section keywordtry try
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 /// Try Block ::= "try" block 
-///  ("catch" ["(" variable ")"] [":" guards] block)+ 
+///  ("catch" ["(" [type] variable ")"] [":" guards] block)+ 
 ///    ["finally" block]
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
 /// @sa ChaiScript_Language::throw
 ///
+///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @section keywordwhile while
@@ -782,6 +796,19 @@
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
 /// This loop can be broken using the @ref keywordbreak command.
+///
+///
+/// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+///
+/// @section keywordvar var
+/// 
+/// Defines a variable
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+/// Variable ::= "var" identifier
+/// ~~~~~~~~
+///
+/// Synonym for @ref keywordauto
 
 
 /// @namespace chaiscript

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_defines.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DEFINES_HPP_
@@ -10,14 +10,27 @@
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 #define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC _MSC_VER
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_DECLSPEC
+#if _MSC_VER <= 1800
+#define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_MAGIC_STATICS
+#endif
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#if defined( _LIBCPP_VERSION )
+#define CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP
 #endif
 
 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
 #define CHAISCRIPT_WINDOWS
 #endif
 
-#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 8)
-/// Currently only g++>=4.8supports this natively
+#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 8) || (defined(__llvm__) && !defined(CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP))  
+/// Currently only g++>=4.8 supports this natively
 /// \todo Make this support other compilers when possible
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL
 #endif
@@ -43,11 +56,23 @@
 #define CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR constexpr
 #endif
 
+#include <memory>
+
 namespace chaiscript {
   static const int version_major = 5;
-  static const int version_minor = 5;
+  static const int version_minor = 7;
   static const int version_patch = 0;
-}
 
+  template<typename B, typename D, typename ...Arg>
+  inline std::shared_ptr<B> make_shared(Arg && ... arg)
+  {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED
+    return std::make_shared<D>(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...);
+#else
+    return std::shared_ptr<B>(static_cast<B*>(new D(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...)));
+#endif
+  }
+
+}
 #endif
 

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp

@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@
 #include "dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp"
 
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
+#include <future>
+#endif
+
+
 /// @file
 ///
 /// This file generates the standard library that normal ChaiScript usage requires.
@@ -40,6 +45,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
         lib->add(standard_library::map_type<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> >("Map"));
         lib->add(standard_library::pair_type<std::pair<Boxed_Value, Boxed_Value > >("Pair"));
 
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
+        lib->add(standard_library::future_type<std::future<chaiscript::Boxed_Value>>("future"));
+        lib->add(chaiscript::fun<std::future<Boxed_Value> (const std::function<chaiscript::Boxed_Value ()> &)>([](const std::function<chaiscript::Boxed_Value ()> &t_func){ return std::async(std::launch::async, t_func);}), "async");
+#endif
+
         return lib;
       }
 

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
 
+
 #include <unordered_map>
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
@@ -16,6 +17,8 @@
 #pragma message ("ChaiScript is compiling without thread safety.")
 #endif
 
+#include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+
 /// \file
 ///
 /// This file contains code necessary for thread support in ChaiScript.
@@ -82,16 +85,27 @@ namespace chaiscript
               t().erase(m_key);
             }
 
-            inline T *operator->() const
+            inline const T *operator->() const
             {
               return &(t()[m_key]);
             }
 
-            inline T &operator*() const
+            inline const T &operator*() const
             {
               return t()[m_key];
             }
 
+            inline T *operator->()
+            {
+              return &(t()[m_key]);
+            }
+
+            inline T &operator*()
+            {
+              return t()[m_key];
+            }
+
+
             void *m_key;
 
           private:
@@ -117,12 +131,22 @@ namespace chaiscript
             {
             }
 
-            inline T *operator->() const
+            inline const T *operator->() const
             {
               return get_tls().get();
             }
 
-            inline T &operator*() const
+            inline const T &operator*() const
+            {
+              return *get_tls();
+            }
+
+            inline T *operator->()
+            {
+              return get_tls().get();
+            }
+
+            inline T &operator*()
             {
               return *get_tls();
             }
@@ -137,7 +161,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
               if (itr != m_instances.end()) { return itr->second; }
 
-              std::shared_ptr<T> new_instance(new T());
+              std::shared_ptr<T> new_instance(std::make_shared<T>());
 
               m_instances.insert(std::make_pair(std::this_thread::get_id(), new_instance));
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/any.hpp

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ namespace chaiscript {
           {
           }
 
+          bad_any_cast(const bad_any_cast &) = default;
+
           virtual ~bad_any_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
 
           /// \brief Description of what error occurred
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ namespace chaiscript {
           }
         }
 
-#if _MSC_VER  != 1800
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER  != 1800
         Any(Any &&) = default;
         Any &operator=(Any &&t_any) = default;
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BAD_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual ~bad_boxed_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {} 
+        bad_boxed_cast(const bad_boxed_cast &) = default;
+        virtual ~bad_boxed_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
 
         /// \brief Description of what error occurred
         virtual const char * what() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BIND_FIRST_HPP_
@@ -14,63 +14,58 @@ namespace chaiscript
   namespace detail
   {
 
-    struct Placeholder
-    {
-      static std::tuple<decltype(std::placeholders::_1),decltype(std::placeholders::_2),decltype(std::placeholders::_3),decltype(std::placeholders::_4),decltype(std::placeholders::_5),decltype(std::placeholders::_6),decltype(std::placeholders::_7),decltype(std::placeholders::_8),decltype(std::placeholders::_9),decltype(std::placeholders::_10)> placeholder() {
-        return std::tuple<decltype(std::placeholders::_1),decltype(std::placeholders::_2),decltype(std::placeholders::_3),decltype(std::placeholders::_4),decltype(std::placeholders::_5),decltype(std::placeholders::_6),decltype(std::placeholders::_7),decltype(std::placeholders::_8),decltype(std::placeholders::_9),decltype(std::placeholders::_10)>(std::placeholders::_1,std::placeholders::_2,std::placeholders::_3,std::placeholders::_4,std::placeholders::_5,std::placeholders::_6,std::placeholders::_7,std::placeholders::_8,std::placeholders::_9,std::placeholders::_10);
+    template<typename T>
+      T* get_pointer(T *t)
+      {
+        return t;
       }
-    };
 
-    template<int count, int maxcount, typename Sig>
-      struct Bind_First
+    template<typename T>
+      T* get_pointer(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &t)
       {
-        template<typename F, typename ... InnerParams>
-          static std::function<Sig> bind(F&& f, InnerParams ... innerparams)
-          {
-            return Bind_First<count - 1, maxcount, Sig>::bind(std::forward<F>(f), innerparams..., std::get<maxcount - count>(Placeholder::placeholder()));
-          } 
-      };
-
-    template<int maxcount, typename Sig>
-      struct Bind_First<0, maxcount, Sig>
-      {
-        template<typename F, typename ... InnerParams>
-          static std::function<Sig> bind(F&& f, InnerParams ... innerparams)
-          {
-    return std::bind(std::forward<F>(f), innerparams...);
-          }
-      };
-
+        return &t.get();
+      }
 
     template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename ... Param>
       std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (*f)(P1, Param...), O&& o)
       {
-        return Bind_First<sizeof...(Param), sizeof...(Param), Ret (Param...)>::bind(f, std::forward<O>(o));
+        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
+            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
+              return f(std::forward<O>(o), std::forward<Param>(param)...);
+            }
+          );
       }
 
     template<typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
       std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...), O&& o)
       {
-        return Bind_First<sizeof...(Param), sizeof...(Param), Ret (Param...)>::bind(f, std::forward<O>(o));
+        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
+            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
+              return (get_pointer(o)->*f)(std::forward<Param>(param)...);
+            }
+          );
       }
 
     template<typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
       std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const, O&& o)
       {
-        return Bind_First<sizeof...(Param), sizeof...(Param), Ret (Param...)>::bind(f, std::forward<O>(o));
+        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
+            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
+              return (get_pointer(o)->*f)(std::forward<Param>(param)...);
+            }
+          );
+
       }
 
     template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename ... Param>
       std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(const std::function<Ret (P1, Param...)> &f, O&& o)
       {
-        return Bind_First<sizeof...(Param), sizeof...(Param), Ret (Param...)>::bind(f, std::forward<O>(o));
+        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
+            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
+              return f(o, std::forward<Param>(param)...);
+            });
       }
 
-    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename ... Param>
-      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(std::function<Ret (P1, Param...)> &&f, O&& o)
-      {
-        return Bind_First<sizeof...(Param), sizeof...(Param), Ret (Param...)>::bind(std::move(f), std::forward<O>(o));
-      }
 
   }
 }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_HPP_
@@ -10,14 +10,13 @@
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <exception>
 #include <functional>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <vector>
+#include <iterator>
 
 #include "bad_boxed_cast.hpp"
 #include "boxed_cast.hpp"
@@ -52,13 +51,50 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
     }
 
+    template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_array<T>::value>::type >
+      ModulePtr array(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+      {
+        typedef typename std::remove_extent<T>::type ReturnType;
+        const auto extent = std::extent<T>::value;
+        m->add(user_type<T>(), type);
+        m->add(fun<ReturnType& (T &, size_t)>(
+              [extent](T& t, size_t index)->ReturnType &{
+                if (extent > 0 && index >= extent) {
+                  throw std::range_error("Array index out of range. Received: " + std::to_string(index)  + " expected < " + std::to_string(extent));
+                } else {
+                  return t[index];
+                }
+              }
+              ), "[]"
+            );
+
+        m->add(fun<const ReturnType& (const T &, size_t)>(
+              [extent](const T &t, size_t index)->const ReturnType &{
+                if (extent > 0 && index >= extent) {
+                  throw std::range_error("Array index out of range. Received: " + std::to_string(index)  + " expected < " + std::to_string(extent));
+                } else {
+                  return t[index];
+                }
+              }
+              ), "[]"
+            );
+
+        m->add(fun<size_t (const T &)>(
+              [extent](const T &) {
+                return extent;
+              }), "size");
+
+
+        return m;
+      }
+
     /// \brief Adds a copy constructor for the given type to the given Model
     /// \param[in] type The name of the type. The copy constructor will be named "type".
     /// \param[in,out] m The Module to add the copy constructor to
     /// \tparam T The type to add a copy constructor for
     /// \returns The passed in ModulePtr, or the newly constructed one if the default param is used
     template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr copy_constructor(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr copy_constructor(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       m->add(constructor<T (const T &)>(), type);
       return m;
@@ -69,7 +105,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \param[in,out] m module to add comparison operators to
     /// \returns the passed in ModulePtr or the newly constructed one if the default params are used.
     template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr opers_comparison(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr opers_comparison(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       operators::equal<T>(m);
       operators::greater_than<T>(m);
@@ -90,7 +126,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \sa copy_constructor
     /// \sa constructor
     template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr basic_constructors(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr basic_constructors(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       m->add(constructor<T ()>(), type);
       copy_constructor<T>(type, m);
@@ -102,7 +138,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \param[in] type The name of the type
     /// \param[in,out] m The Module to add the constructor to
     template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr construct_pod(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr construct_pod(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       m->add(fun(&detail::construct_pod<T>), type);
       return m;
@@ -133,13 +169,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// Add all common functions for a POD type. All operators, and
     /// common conversions
     template<typename T>
-    ModulePtr bootstrap_pod_type(const std::string &name, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+    ModulePtr bootstrap_pod_type(const std::string &name, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
     {
       m->add(user_type<T>(), name);
-      m->add(constructor<T ()>(), name);
+      m->add(constructor<T()>(), name);
       construct_pod<T>(name, m);
 
-      m->add(fun(&to_string<T>), "to_string");
+      auto to_s = fun(&to_string<T>);
+
+      if (!m->has_function(to_s, "to_string")) {
+        m->add(to_s, "to_string");
+      }
       m->add(fun(&parse_string<T>), "to_" + name);
       return m;
     }
@@ -187,9 +227,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class Bootstrap
     {
     private:
-      /**
-      * Function allowing for assignment of an unknown type to any other value
-      */
+      /// Function allowing for assignment of an unknown type to any other value
       static Boxed_Value unknown_assign(Boxed_Value lhs, Boxed_Value rhs)
       {
         if (lhs.is_undef())
@@ -202,17 +240,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       static void print(const std::string &s)
       {
-        std::cout << s;
+        fwrite(s.c_str(), 1, s.size(), stdout);
       }
 
       static void println(const std::string &s)
       {
-        std::cout << s << std::endl;
+        puts(s.c_str());
       }
 
 
       /// Add all arithmetic operators for PODs
-      static void opers_arithmetic_pod(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+      static void opers_arithmetic_pod(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
       {
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::equals), "==");
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Number::less_than), "<");
@@ -262,7 +300,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         Const_Proxy_Function f = boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function>(params[0]);
 
-        return Boxed_Value(Const_Proxy_Function(std::make_shared<dispatch::Bound_Function>(f,
+        return Boxed_Value(Const_Proxy_Function(std::make_shared<dispatch::Bound_Function>(std::move(f),
           std::vector<Boxed_Value>(params.begin() + 1, params.end()))));
       }
 
@@ -270,29 +308,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
       static bool has_guard(const Const_Proxy_Function &t_pf)
       {
         auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
-        if (pf)
-        {
-          if (pf->get_guard()) {
-            return true;
-          } else {
-            return false;
-          }
-        } else {
-          return false;
-        }
+        return pf && pf->get_guard();
       }
 
       static Const_Proxy_Function get_guard(const Const_Proxy_Function &t_pf)
       {
-        auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
-        if (pf)
+        const auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
+        if (pf && pf->get_guard())
         {
-          if (pf->get_guard())
-          {
-            return pf->get_guard();
-          } else {
-            throw std::runtime_error("Function does not have a guard");
-          }
+          return pf->get_guard();
         } else {
           throw std::runtime_error("Function does not have a guard");
         }
@@ -337,29 +361,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       static bool has_parse_tree(const chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function &t_pf)
       {
-        if (auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf))
-        {
-          if (pf->get_parse_tree())
-          {
-            return true;
-          } else {
-            return false;
-          }
-        } else {
-          return false;
-        }
+        const auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
+        return pf && pf->get_parse_tree();
       }
 
       static chaiscript::AST_NodePtr get_parse_tree(const chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function &t_pf)
       {
-        if (auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf))
+        const auto pf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_pf);
+        if (pf && pf->get_parse_tree())
         {
-          if (pf->get_parse_tree())
-          {
-            return pf->get_parse_tree();
-          } else {
-            throw std::runtime_error("Function does not have a parse tree");
-          }
+          return pf->get_parse_tree();
         } else {
           throw std::runtime_error("Function does not have a parse tree");
         }
@@ -368,7 +379,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
       template<typename Function>
       static std::function<std::vector<Boxed_Value> (const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base*)> return_boxed_value_vector(const Function &f)
       {
-        return std::bind(&do_return_boxed_value_vector<Function>, f, std::placeholders::_1);
+        return [f](const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *b) {
+          return do_return_boxed_value_vector(f, b);
+        };
       }
 
 
@@ -376,13 +389,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// \brief perform all common bootstrap functions for std::string, void and POD types
       /// \param[in,out] m Module to add bootstrapped functions to
       /// \returns passed in ModulePtr, or newly created one if default argument is used
-      static ModulePtr bootstrap(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+      static ModulePtr bootstrap(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
       {
         m->add(user_type<void>(), "void");
         m->add(user_type<bool>(), "bool");
         m->add(user_type<Boxed_Value>(), "Object");
         m->add(user_type<Boxed_Number>(), "Number");
         m->add(user_type<Proxy_Function>(), "Function");
+        m->add(user_type<dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function>(), "Assignable_Function");
         m->add(user_type<std::exception>(), "exception");
 
         m->add(fun(&dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::get_arity), "get_arity");
@@ -396,16 +410,24 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         m->add(user_type<std::runtime_error>(), "runtime_error");
         m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::exception, std::runtime_error>());
- 
 
         m->add(constructor<std::runtime_error (const std::string &)>(), "runtime_error");
-        m->add(fun(std::function<std::string (const std::runtime_error &)>(&what)), "what");     
+        m->add(fun(std::function<std::string (const std::runtime_error &)>(&what)), "what");
 
         m->add(user_type<dispatch::Dynamic_Object>(), "Dynamic_Object");
         m->add(constructor<dispatch::Dynamic_Object (const std::string &)>(), "Dynamic_Object");
+        m->add(constructor<dispatch::Dynamic_Object ()>(), "Dynamic_Object");
         m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_type_name), "get_type_name");
         m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attrs), "get_attrs");
-        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr), "get_attr");
+
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &)>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "get_attr");
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<const Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &) const>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "get_attr");
+
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &)>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::method_missing)), "method_missing");
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<const Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &) const>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::method_missing)), "method_missing");
+
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &)>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "[]");
+        m->add(fun(static_cast<const Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &) const>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "[]");
 
         m->eval("def Dynamic_Object::clone() { auto &new_o = Dynamic_Object(this.get_type_name()); for_each(this.get_attrs(), bind(fun(new_o, x) { new_o.get_attr(x.first) = x.second; }, new_o, _) ); return new_o; }");
 
@@ -443,7 +465,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         operators::assign<bool>(m);
         operators::equal<bool>(m);
 
-        m->add(fun(&to_string<const std::string &>), "to_string");
+        m->add(fun<std::string (const std::string &t_ss)>([](const std::string &s) -> std::string { return s; }), "to_string");
         m->add(fun(&Bootstrap::bool_to_string), "to_string");
         m->add(fun(&unknown_assign), "=");
         m->add(fun(&throw_exception), "throw");
@@ -475,11 +497,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
         m->add(fun(&print), "print_string");
         m->add(fun(&println), "println_string");
 
-        m->add(Proxy_Function(new dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function(&bind_function)), "bind");
+        m->add(chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(&bind_function), "bind");
 
         m->add(fun(&shared_ptr_unconst_clone<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>), "clone");
         m->add(fun(&ptr_assign<std::remove_const<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>::type>), "=");
         m->add(fun(&ptr_assign<std::add_const<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>::type>), "=");
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function>());
+        m->add(fun<void (dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function &, const std::shared_ptr<const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base> &)>(
+                  [](dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function &t_lhs, const std::shared_ptr<const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base> &t_rhs) {
+                    t_lhs.assign(t_rhs);
+                  }
+                ), "="
+              );
 
         m->add(fun(&Boxed_Value::type_match), "type_match");
 
@@ -487,7 +516,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
         m->add(chaiscript::fun(&has_parse_tree), "has_parse_tree");
         m->add(chaiscript::fun(&get_parse_tree), "get_parse_tree");
 
-        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::exception, chaiscript::exception::eval_error>());
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::runtime_error, chaiscript::exception::eval_error>());
+
+        m->add(chaiscript::user_type<chaiscript::exception::arithmetic_error>(), "arithmetic_error");
+        m->add(chaiscript::base_class<std::runtime_error, chaiscript::exception::arithmetic_error>());
+
 
 //        chaiscript::bootstrap::standard_library::vector_type<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::AST_Node> > >("AST_NodeVector", m);
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 /// \file
@@ -14,10 +14,8 @@
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_STL_HPP_
 
 #include <functional>
-#include <iterator>
 #include <memory>
 #include <stdexcept>
-#include <string>
 #include <typeinfo>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -179,7 +177,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         /// Add Bidir_Range support for the given ContainerType
         template<typename Bidir_Type>
-          ModulePtr input_range_type_impl(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+          ModulePtr input_range_type_impl(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
           {
             m->add(user_type<Bidir_Type>(), type + "_Range");
 
@@ -228,12 +226,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
             std::advance(itr, pos);
             container.erase(itr);
-          }      
-
+          }
       }
 
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr input_range_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr input_range_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           detail::input_range_type_impl<Bidir_Range<ContainerType> >(type,m);
           detail::input_range_type_impl<Const_Bidir_Range<ContainerType> >("Const_" + type, m);
@@ -244,10 +241,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add random_access_container concept to the given ContainerType
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessContainer.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr random_access_container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr random_access_container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
+          // cppcheck-suppress syntaxError
           typedef typename ContainerType::reference(ContainerType::*indexoper)(size_t);
-          typedef typename ContainerType::const_reference(ContainerType::*constindexoper)(size_t) const;
 
           //In the interest of runtime safety for the m, we prefer the at() method for [] access,
           //to throw an exception in an out of bounds condition.
@@ -255,8 +252,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
               fun(std::function<typename ContainerType::reference (ContainerType *, int)>
                 (std::mem_fn(static_cast<indexoper>(&ContainerType::at)))), "[]");
           m->add(
-              fun(std::function<typename ContainerType::const_reference (const ContainerType *, int)>
-                (std::mem_fn(static_cast<constindexoper>(&ContainerType::at)))), "[]");
+              fun<typename ContainerType::const_reference (const ContainerType *, int)>(
+                [](const ContainerType *c, int index) -> typename ContainerType::const_reference {
+                  return c->at(index);
+                }), "[]");
 
           return m;
         }
@@ -265,9 +264,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add assignable concept to the given ContainerType
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Assignable.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr assignable_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assignable_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-          basic_constructors<ContainerType>(type, m);
+          copy_constructor<ContainerType>(type, m);
           operators::assign<ContainerType>(m);
           return m;
         }
@@ -276,7 +275,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add container concept to the given ContainerType
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Container.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(fun<size_t (const ContainerType *)>([](const ContainerType *a) { return a->size(); } ), "size");
           m->add(fun<bool (const ContainerType *)>([](const ContainerType *a) { return a->empty(); } ), "empty");
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add default constructable concept to the given Type
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/DefaultConstructible.html
       template<typename Type>
-        ModulePtr default_constructible_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr default_constructible_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(constructor<Type ()>(), type);
           return m;
@@ -300,17 +299,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add sequence concept to the given ContainerType
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Sequence.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr sequence_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr sequence_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-          std::string insert_name;
-          if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-          {
-            insert_name = "insert_ref_at";
-          } else {
-            insert_name = "insert_at";
-          }
+          m->add(fun(&detail::insert_at<ContainerType>), 
+              []()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  return "insert_ref_at";
+                } else {
+                  return "insert_at";
+                }
+              }());
 
-          m->add(fun(&detail::insert_at<ContainerType>), insert_name);
           m->add(fun(&detail::erase_at<ContainerType>), "erase_at");
 
           return m;
@@ -320,22 +319,23 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add back insertion sequence concept to the given ContainerType
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BackInsertionSequence.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr back_insertion_sequence_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr back_insertion_sequence_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           typedef typename ContainerType::reference (ContainerType::*backptr)();
 
           m->add(fun(static_cast<backptr>(&ContainerType::back)), "back");
 
-          std::string push_back_name;
-          if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-          {
-            push_back_name = "push_back_ref";
-          } else {
-            push_back_name = "push_back";
-          }
 
           typedef void (ContainerType::*push_back)(const typename ContainerType::value_type &);
-          m->add(fun(static_cast<push_back>(&ContainerType::push_back)), push_back_name);
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<push_back>(&ContainerType::push_back)),
+              []()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  return "push_back_ref";
+                } else {
+                  return "push_back";
+                }
+              }());
+
           m->add(fun(&ContainerType::pop_back), "pop_back");
           return m;
         }
@@ -345,26 +345,26 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Front insertion sequence
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/FrontInsertionSequence.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr front_insertion_sequence_type(const std::string &, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr front_insertion_sequence_type(const std::string &, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
-          typedef typename ContainerType::reference (ContainerType::*frontptr)();
-          typedef typename ContainerType::const_reference (ContainerType::*constfrontptr)() const;
-          typedef void (ContainerType::*pushptr)(typename ContainerType::const_reference);
-          typedef void (ContainerType::*popptr)();
+          typedef typename ContainerType::reference (ContainerType::*front_ptr)();
+          typedef typename ContainerType::const_reference (ContainerType::*const_front_ptr)() const;
+          typedef void (ContainerType::*push_ptr)(typename ContainerType::const_reference);
+          typedef void (ContainerType::*pop_ptr)();
 
-          m->add(fun(static_cast<frontptr>(&ContainerType::front)), "front");
-          m->add(fun(static_cast<constfrontptr>(&ContainerType::front)), "front");
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<front_ptr>(&ContainerType::front)), "front");
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<const_front_ptr>(&ContainerType::front)), "front");
 
-          std::string push_front_name;
-          if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-          {
-            push_front_name = "push_front_ref";
-          } else {
-            push_front_name = "push_front";
-          }
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<push_ptr>(&ContainerType::push_front)),
+              []()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename ContainerType::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  return "push_front_ref";
+                } else {
+                  return "push_front";
+                }
+              }());
 
-          m->add(fun(static_cast<pushptr>(&ContainerType::push_front)), push_front_name);
-          m->add(fun(static_cast<popptr>(&ContainerType::pop_front)), "pop_front");
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<pop_ptr>(&ContainerType::pop_front)), "pop_front");
           return m;
         }
 
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// bootstrap a given PairType
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/pair.html
       template<typename PairType>
-        ModulePtr pair_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr pair_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<PairType>(), type);
 
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/PairAssociativeContainer.html
 
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr pair_associative_container_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr pair_associative_container_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           pair_type<typename ContainerType::value_type>(type + "_Pair", m);
 
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add unique associative container concept to the given ContainerType
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/UniqueAssociativeContainer.html
       template<typename ContainerType>
-        ModulePtr unique_associative_container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr unique_associative_container_type(const std::string &/*type*/, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(fun(detail::count<ContainerType>), "count");
 
@@ -416,15 +416,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           m->add(fun(&detail::insert<ContainerType>), "insert");
 
-          std::string insert_name;
-          if (typeid(typename ContainerType::mapped_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-          {
-            insert_name = "insert_ref";
-          } else {
-            insert_name = "insert";
-          }
+          m->add(fun(&detail::insert_ref<ContainerType>), 
+              []()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename ContainerType::mapped_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  return "insert_ref";
+                } else {
+                  return "insert";
+                }
+              }());
+
 
-          m->add(fun(&detail::insert_ref<ContainerType>), insert_name);
           return m;
         }
 
@@ -432,15 +433,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add a MapType container
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Map.html
       template<typename MapType>
-        ModulePtr map_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr map_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<MapType>(), type);
 
-          typedef typename MapType::mapped_type &(MapType::*elemaccess)(const typename MapType::key_type &);
+          typedef typename MapType::mapped_type &(MapType::*elem_access)(const typename MapType::key_type &);
 
-          m->add(fun(static_cast<elemaccess>(&MapType::operator[])), "[]");
+          m->add(fun(static_cast<elem_access>(&MapType::operator[])), "[]");
 
           container_type<MapType>(type, m);
+          default_constructible_type<MapType>(type, m);
           assignable_type<MapType>(type, m);
           unique_associative_container_type<MapType>(type, m);
           pair_associative_container_type<MapType>(type, m);
@@ -453,7 +455,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// hopefully working List type
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/List.html
       template<typename ListType>
-        ModulePtr list_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr list_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<ListType>(), type);
 
@@ -472,7 +474,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Create a vector type with associated concepts
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Vector.html
       template<typename VectorType>
-        ModulePtr vector_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr vector_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<VectorType>(), type);
 
@@ -521,7 +523,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Add a String container
       /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/basic_string.html
       template<typename String>
-        ModulePtr string_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr string_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(user_type<String>(), type);
           operators::addition<String>(m);
@@ -535,14 +537,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
           input_range_type<String>(type, m);
 
           //Special case: add push_back to string (which doesn't support other back_insertion operations
-          std::string push_back_name;
-          if (typeid(typename String::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value))
-          {
-            push_back_name = "push_back_ref";
-          } else {
-            push_back_name = "push_back";
-          }
-          m->add(fun(&String::push_back), push_back_name);
+          m->add(fun(&String::push_back), 
+              []()->std::string{
+                if (typeid(typename String::value_type) == typeid(Boxed_Value)) {
+                  return "push_back_ref";
+                } else {
+                  return "push_back";
+                }
+              }());
+
 
           typedef std::function<size_t (const String *, const String &, size_t)> find_func;
 
@@ -564,6 +567,22 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           return m;
         }
+
+
+
+      /// Add a MapType container
+      /// http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Map.html
+      template<typename FutureType>
+        ModulePtr future_type(const std::string &type, ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
+        {
+          m->add(user_type<FutureType>(), type);
+
+          m->add(fun<bool (const FutureType &)>([](const FutureType &t) { return t.valid(); }), "valid");
+          m->add(fun(&FutureType::get), "get");
+          m->add(fun(&FutureType::wait), "wait");
+
+          return m;
+        }
     }
   }
 }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 
-#include <type_traits>
-
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
-#include "../chaiscript_threading.hpp"
 #include "bad_boxed_cast.hpp"
 #include "boxed_cast_helper.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
@@ -74,46 +71,47 @@ namespace chaiscript
   template<typename Type>
   typename detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::Result_Type boxed_cast(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions = nullptr)
   {
-    try {
-      return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(bv, t_conversions);
-    } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
+    if (!t_conversions || bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Type>()) || (t_conversions && !t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())) {
+      try {
+        return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(bv, t_conversions);
+      } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
+      }
+    }
 
 
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
-      //Thank you MSVC, yes we know that a constant value is being used in the if
-      // statment in THIS VERSION of the template instantiation
+    //Thank you MSVC, yes we know that a constant value is being used in the if
+    // statment in THIS VERSION of the template instantiation
 #pragma warning(push)
 #pragma warning(disable : 4127)
 #endif
 
-      if (t_conversions && t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())
-      {
+    if (t_conversions && t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())
+    {
+      try {
+        // std::cout << "trying an up conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << '\n';
+        // We will not catch any bad_boxed_dynamic_cast that is thrown, let the user get it
+        // either way, we are not responsible if it doesn't work
+        return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
+      } catch (...) {
         try {
-          // std::cout << "trying an up conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << std::endl;
-          // We will not catch any bad_boxed_dynamic_cast that is thrown, let the user get it
-          // either way, we are not responsible if it doesn't work
-          return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
-        } catch (...) {
-          try {
-          //  std::cout << "trying a down conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << std::endl;
-            // try going the other way - down the inheritance graph
-            return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_down_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
-          } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
-            throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
-          }
+        //  std::cout << "trying a down conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << '\n';
+          // try going the other way - down the inheritance graph
+          return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_down_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
+        } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
+          throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
         }
-      } else {
-        // If it's not polymorphic, just throw the error, don't waste the time on the 
-        // attempted dynamic_cast
-        throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
       }
+    } else {
+      // If it's not polymorphic, just throw the error, don't waste the time on the 
+      // attempted dynamic_cast
+      throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
+    }
 
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #endif
 
-
-    } 
   }
 
 }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
 
-#include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <type_traits>
 
@@ -34,13 +33,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
     template<typename Result>
       struct Cast_Helper_Inner
       {
-        typedef typename std::reference_wrapper<typename std::add_const<Result>::type > Result_Type;
+        typedef std::reference_wrapper<typename std::add_const<Result>::type > Result_Type;
 
         static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
         {
           if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
           {
-            return *(static_cast<const Result *>(throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr())));
+            auto p = throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr());
+            return std::cref(*static_cast<const Result *>(p));
           } else {
             throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
@@ -65,21 +65,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
         typedef const Result * Result_Type;
         static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
         {
-          if (ob.is_ref())
+          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
           {
-            if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const())
-            {
-              return &(ob.get().cast<std::reference_wrapper<Result> >()).get();
-            } else {
-              return &(ob.get().cast<std::reference_wrapper<const Result> >()).get();
-            }
+            return static_cast<const Result *>(throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr()));
           } else {
-            if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const())
-            {
-              return (ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result> >()).get();
-            } else {
-              return (ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >()).get();
-            }
+            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
         }
       };
@@ -101,6 +91,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       };
 
 
+
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a & type
     template<typename Result>
       struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
@@ -120,9 +111,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::shared_ptr<> type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<typename std::shared_ptr<Result> >
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> >
       {
-        typedef typename std::shared_ptr<Result> Result_Type;
+        typedef std::shared_ptr<Result> Result_Type;
 
         static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
         {
@@ -132,9 +123,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::shared_ptr<const> type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<typename std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
       {
-        typedef typename std::shared_ptr<const Result> Result_Type;
+        typedef std::shared_ptr<const Result> Result_Type;
 
         static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
         {

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_NUMERIC_HPP_
@@ -22,6 +22,19 @@ namespace chaiscript {
 class Type_Conversions;
 }  // namespace chaiscript
 
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  namespace exception
+  {
+    struct arithmetic_error : std::runtime_error
+    {
+      arithmetic_error(const std::string& reason) : std::runtime_error("Arithmetic error: " + reason) {}
+      arithmetic_error(const arithmetic_error &) = default;
+      virtual ~arithmetic_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+    };
+  }
+}
+
 namespace chaiscript 
 {
 
@@ -33,16 +46,37 @@ namespace chaiscript
 #pragma warning(disable : 4244 4018 4389 4146 4365)
 #endif
 
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-compare"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
+#endif
+
   /// \brief Represents any numeric type, generically. Used internally for generic operations between POD values
   class Boxed_Number
   {
     private:
+      template<typename T>
+      static void check_divide_by_zero(T t, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+      {
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_PROTECT_DIVIDEBYZERO
+        if (t == 0) {
+          throw chaiscript::exception::arithmetic_error("divide by zero");
+        }
+#endif
+      }
+
+      template<typename T>
+      static void check_divide_by_zero(T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+      {
+      }
+
       struct boolean
       {
 
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-compare"
-#endif
         template<typename T, typename U>
         static Boxed_Value go(Operators::Opers t_oper, const T &t, const U &u, const Boxed_Value &)
         {
@@ -61,7 +95,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             case Operators::not_equal:
               return const_var(t != u);
             default:
-              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();        
+              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
         }
       };
@@ -89,13 +123,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
               t += u;
               break;
             case Operators::assign_quotient:
+              check_divide_by_zero(u);
               t /= u;
               break;
             case Operators::assign_difference:
               t -= u;
               break;
             default:
-              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();        
+              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
 
           return t_lhs;
@@ -122,13 +157,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
               t >>= u;
               break;
             case Operators::assign_remainder:
+              check_divide_by_zero(u);
               t %= u;
               break;
             case Operators::assign_bitwise_xor:
               t ^= u;
               break;
             default:
-              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();        
+              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
           return t_lhs;
         }
@@ -146,6 +182,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             case Operators::shift_right:
               return const_var(t >> u);
             case Operators::remainder:
+              check_divide_by_zero(u);
               return const_var(t % u);
             case Operators::bitwise_and:
               return const_var(t & u);
@@ -156,7 +193,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             case Operators::bitwise_complement:
               return const_var(~t);
             default:
-              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();        
+              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
         }
       };
@@ -171,6 +208,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             case Operators::sum:
               return const_var(t + u);
             case Operators::quotient:
+              check_divide_by_zero(u);
               return const_var(t / u);
             case Operators::product:
               return const_var(t * u);
@@ -181,7 +219,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             case Operators::unary_plus:
               return const_var(+t);
             default:
-              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();        
+              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
         }
       };
@@ -194,9 +232,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
           if (t_oper > Operators::boolean_flag && t_oper < Operators::non_const_flag)
           {
             return boolean::go<LHS, RHS>(t_oper, *static_cast<const LHS *>(t_lhs.get_const_ptr()), *static_cast<const RHS *>(t_rhs.get_const_ptr()), t_lhs);
-          } else if (t_oper > Operators::non_const_flag && t_oper < Operators::non_const_int_flag && !t_lhs.is_const()) {
+          } else if (t_oper > Operators::non_const_flag && t_oper < Operators::non_const_int_flag && !t_lhs.is_const() && !t_lhs.is_return_value()) {
             return binary::go<LHS, RHS>(t_oper, *static_cast<LHS *>(t_lhs.get_ptr()), *static_cast<const RHS *>(t_rhs.get_const_ptr()), t_lhs);
-          } else if (t_oper > Operators::non_const_int_flag && t_oper < Operators::const_int_flag && !t_lhs.is_const()) {
+          } else if (t_oper > Operators::non_const_int_flag && t_oper < Operators::const_int_flag && !t_lhs.is_const() && !t_lhs.is_return_value()) {
             return binary_int::go<LHS, RHS>(t_oper, *static_cast<LHS *>(t_lhs.get_ptr()), *static_cast<const RHS *>(t_rhs.get_const_ptr()), t_lhs);
           } else if (t_oper > Operators::const_int_flag && t_oper < Operators::const_flag) {
             return const_binary_int::go<LHS, RHS>(t_oper, *static_cast<const LHS *>(t_lhs.get_const_ptr()), *static_cast<const RHS *>(t_rhs.get_const_ptr()), t_lhs);
@@ -216,7 +254,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           if (t_oper > Operators::boolean_flag && t_oper < Operators::non_const_flag)
           {
             return boolean::go<LHS, RHS>(t_oper, *static_cast<const LHS *>(t_lhs.get_const_ptr()), *static_cast<const RHS *>(t_rhs.get_const_ptr()), t_lhs);
-          } else if (t_oper > Operators::non_const_flag && t_oper < Operators::non_const_int_flag && !t_lhs.is_const()) {
+          } else if (t_oper > Operators::non_const_flag && t_oper < Operators::non_const_int_flag && !t_lhs.is_const() && !t_lhs.is_return_value()) {
             return binary::go<LHS, RHS>(t_oper, *static_cast<LHS *>(t_lhs.get_ptr()), *static_cast<const RHS *>(t_rhs.get_const_ptr()), t_lhs);
           } else if (t_oper > Operators::non_const_int_flag && t_oper < Operators::const_int_flag) {
             throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
@@ -327,7 +365,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return oss.str();
         }
 
-      
     public:
       Boxed_Number()
         : bv(Boxed_Value(0))
@@ -340,6 +377,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
         validate_boxed_number(bv);
       }
 
+      Boxed_Number(const Boxed_Number &) = default;
+
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER  != 1800
+      Boxed_Number(Boxed_Number &&) = default;
+      Boxed_Number& operator=(Boxed_Number &&) = default;
+#endif
+
       template<typename T> explicit Boxed_Number(T t)
         : bv(Boxed_Value(t))
       {
@@ -547,6 +591,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
       }
 
+      // cppcheck-suppress operatorEq
       Boxed_Number operator=(const Boxed_Value &v)
       {
         validate_boxed_number(v);
@@ -554,6 +599,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return *this;
       }
 
+      // cppcheck-suppress operatorEq
       Boxed_Number operator=(const Boxed_Number &t_rhs) const
       {
         return oper(Operators::assign, this->bv, t_rhs.bv);
@@ -843,14 +889,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
       struct Cast_Helper<const Boxed_Number &> : Cast_Helper<Boxed_Number>
       {
       };
-      
+
     /// Cast_Helper for converting from Boxed_Value to Boxed_Number
     template<>
       struct Cast_Helper<const Boxed_Number> : Cast_Helper<Boxed_Number>
       {
-      };  
+      };
   }
 
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp

@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_VALUE_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_VALUE_HPP_
 
-#include <functional>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <type_traits>
 
-#include "../chaiscript_threading.hpp"
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
 #include "any.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
@@ -38,9 +36,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
         Data(const Type_Info &ti,
             chaiscript::detail::Any to,
             bool tr,
-            const void *t_void_ptr)
+            const void *t_void_ptr,
+            bool t_return_value)
           : m_type_info(ti), m_obj(std::move(to)), m_data_ptr(ti.is_const()?nullptr:const_cast<void *>(t_void_ptr)), m_const_data_ptr(t_void_ptr),
-            m_is_ref(tr)
+            m_is_ref(tr), m_return_value(t_return_value)
         {
         }
 
@@ -51,10 +50,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
           m_is_ref = rhs.m_is_ref;
           m_data_ptr = rhs.m_data_ptr;
           m_const_data_ptr = rhs.m_const_data_ptr;
+          m_return_value = rhs.m_return_value;
 
           if (rhs.m_attrs)
           {
-            m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>>(new std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>(*rhs.m_attrs));
+            m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>(*rhs.m_attrs));
           }
 
           return *this;
@@ -72,78 +72,83 @@ namespace chaiscript
         chaiscript::detail::Any m_obj;
         void *m_data_ptr;
         const void *m_const_data_ptr;
+        std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>> m_attrs;
         bool m_is_ref;
-        std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>> m_attrs;
+        bool m_return_value;
       };
 
       struct Object_Data
       {
-        static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(Boxed_Value::Void_Type)
+        static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(Boxed_Value::Void_Type, bool t_return_value)
         {
           return std::make_shared<Data>(
                 detail::Get_Type_Info<void>::get(),
                 chaiscript::detail::Any(), 
                 false,
-                nullptr)
+                nullptr,
+                t_return_value)
               ;
         }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const std::shared_ptr<T> *obj)
+          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const std::shared_ptr<T> *obj, bool t_return_value)
           {
-            return get(*obj);
+            return get(*obj, t_return_value);
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const std::shared_ptr<T> &obj)
+          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const std::shared_ptr<T> &obj, bool t_return_value)
           {
             return std::make_shared<Data>(
                   detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), 
                   chaiscript::detail::Any(obj), 
                   false,
-                  obj.get()
+                  obj.get(),
+                  t_return_value
                 );
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(std::shared_ptr<T> &&obj)
+          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(std::shared_ptr<T> &&obj, bool t_return_value)
           {
             auto ptr = obj.get();
             return std::make_shared<Data>(
                   detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), 
                   chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(obj)), 
                   false,
-                  ptr
+                  ptr,
+                  t_return_value
                 );
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(T *t)
+          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(T *t, bool t_return_value)
           {
-            return get(std::ref(*t));
+            return get(std::ref(*t), t_return_value);
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const T *t)
+          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const T *t, bool t_return_value)
           {
-            return get(std::cref(*t));
+            return get(std::cref(*t), t_return_value);
           }
 
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(std::reference_wrapper<T> obj)
+          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(std::reference_wrapper<T> obj, bool t_return_value)
           {
             auto p = &obj.get();
             return std::make_shared<Data>(
                   detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(),
                   chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(obj)),
                   true,
-                  p
+                  p,
+                  t_return_value
                 );
           }
 
         template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(T t)
+          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(T t, bool t_return_value)
           {
             auto p = std::make_shared<T>(std::move(t));
             auto ptr = p.get();
@@ -151,7 +156,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
                   detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), 
                   chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(p)),
                   false,
-                  ptr
+                  ptr,
+                  t_return_value
                 );
           }
 
@@ -161,7 +167,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 Type_Info(),
                 chaiscript::detail::Any(),
                 false,
-                nullptr 
+                nullptr,
+                false
               );
         }
 
@@ -171,8 +178,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// Basic Boxed_Value constructor
         template<typename T,
           typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<Boxed_Value, typename std::decay<T>::type>::value>::type>
-        explicit Boxed_Value(T &&t)
-          : m_data(Object_Data::get(std::forward<T>(t)))
+        explicit Boxed_Value(T &&t, bool t_return_value = false)
+          : m_data(Object_Data::get(std::forward<T>(t), t_return_value))
         {
         }
 
@@ -239,6 +246,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return m_data->m_is_ref;
       }
 
+      bool is_return_value() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      {
+        return m_data->m_return_value;
+      }
+
+      void reset_return_value() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      {
+        m_data->m_return_value = false;
+      }
+
       bool is_pointer() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
       {
         return !is_ref();
@@ -258,17 +275,24 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         if (!m_data->m_attrs)
         {
-          m_data->m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>>(new std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>());
+          m_data->m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>());
         }
 
-        return (*m_data->m_attrs)[t_name];
+        auto &attr = (*m_data->m_attrs)[t_name];
+        if (attr) {
+          return Boxed_Value(attr, Internal_Construction());
+        } else {
+          Boxed_Value bv; //default construct a new one
+          attr = bv.m_data;
+          return bv;
+        }
       }
 
       Boxed_Value &copy_attrs(const Boxed_Value &t_obj)
       {
         if (t_obj.m_data->m_attrs)
         {
-          m_data->m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>>(new std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>(*t_obj.m_data->m_attrs));
+          m_data->m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>(*t_obj.m_data->m_attrs));
         }
         return *this;
       }
@@ -281,6 +305,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
 
     private:
+      // necessary to avoid hitting the templated && constructor of Boxed_Value
+      struct Internal_Construction{};
+
+      Boxed_Value(const std::shared_ptr<Data> &t_data, Internal_Construction)
+        : m_data(t_data) {
+      }
+
       std::shared_ptr<Data> m_data;
   };
 
@@ -378,7 +409,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
       return detail::const_var_impl(t);
     }
 
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_HAS_MAGIC_STATICS
+  inline Boxed_Value const_var(bool b) {
+    static auto t = detail::const_var_impl(true);
+    static auto f = detail::const_var_impl(false);
 
+    if (b) {
+      return t;
+    } else {
+      return f;
+    }
+  }
+#endif
 
 }
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp

@@ -1,17 +1,15 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DISPATCHKIT_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DISPATCHKIT_HPP_
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <cassert>
 #include <deque>
 #include <iostream>
-#include <iterator>
 #include <list>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
@@ -62,6 +60,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
+        reserved_word_error(const reserved_word_error &) = default;
+
         virtual ~reserved_word_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
 
         std::string word() const
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
+        illegal_name_error(const illegal_name_error &) = default;
+
         virtual ~illegal_name_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
 
         std::string name() const
@@ -103,6 +105,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
+        name_conflict_error(const name_conflict_error &) = default;
+
         virtual ~name_conflict_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
 
         std::string name() const
@@ -125,6 +129,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
+        global_non_const(const global_non_const &) = default;
         virtual ~global_non_const() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
     };
   }
@@ -192,6 +197,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       }
 
+      bool has_function(const Proxy_Function &new_f, const std::string &name)
+      {
+        return std::any_of(m_funcs.begin(), m_funcs.end(), [&](const std::pair<Proxy_Function, std::string> &existing_f) {
+          return existing_f.second == name && *(existing_f.first) == *(new_f);
+          });
+      }
+      
+
     private:
       std::vector<std::pair<Type_Info, std::string> > m_typeinfos;
       std::vector<std::pair<Proxy_Function, std::string> > m_funcs;
@@ -265,8 +278,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         virtual bool operator==(const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base &rhs) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
         {
           try {
-            const auto &dispatchfun = dynamic_cast<const Dispatch_Function &>(rhs);
-            return m_funcs == dispatchfun.m_funcs;
+            const auto &dispatch_fun = dynamic_cast<const Dispatch_Function &>(rhs);
+            return m_funcs == dispatch_fun.m_funcs;
           } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
             return false;
           }
@@ -389,6 +402,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
           std::set<std::string> m_reserved_words;
 
           State &operator=(const State &) = default;
+          State() = default;
+          State(const State &) = default;
         };
 
         Dispatch_Engine()
@@ -443,17 +458,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
         /// Adds a named object to the current scope
-        void add_object(const std::string &name, const Boxed_Value &obj) const
+        /// \warning This version does not check the validity of the name
+        /// it is meant for internal use only
+        void add_object(const std::string &name, const Boxed_Value &obj)
         {
-          auto &stack = get_stack_data();
-          validate_object_name(name);
-
-          auto &scope = stack.back();
-          if (scope.find(name) != scope.end())
+          if (!get_stack_data().back().insert(std::make_pair(name, obj)).second)
           {
             throw chaiscript::exception::name_conflict_error(name);
-          } else {
-            scope.insert(std::make_pair(name, obj));
           }
         }
 
@@ -476,6 +487,23 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
+        /// Adds a new global (non-const) shared object, between all the threads
+        Boxed_Value add_global_no_throw(const Boxed_Value &obj, const std::string &name)
+        {
+          validate_object_name(name);
+
+          chaiscript::detail::threading::unique_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_global_object_mutex);
+
+          const auto itr = m_state.m_global_objects.find(name);
+          if (itr == m_state.m_global_objects.end())
+          {
+            m_state.m_global_objects.insert(std::make_pair(name, obj));
+            return obj;
+          } else {
+            return itr->second;
+          }
+        }
+
 
         /// Adds a new global (non-const) shared object, between all the threads
         void add_global(const Boxed_Value &obj, const std::string &name)
@@ -497,11 +525,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
         void new_scope()
         {
           get_stack_data().emplace_back();
+          m_stack_holder->call_params.emplace_back();
         }
 
         /// Pops the current scope from the stack
         void pop_scope()
         {
+          m_stack_holder->call_params.pop_back();
           StackData &stack = get_stack_data();
           if (stack.size() > 1)
           {
@@ -573,7 +603,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
         /// Returns the type info for a named type
-        Type_Info get_type(const std::string &name) const
+        Type_Info get_type(const std::string &name, bool t_throw = true) const
         {
           chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
 
@@ -584,7 +614,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return itr->second;
           }
 
-          throw std::range_error("Type Not Known");
+          if (t_throw) {
+            throw std::range_error("Type Not Known");
+          } else {
+            return Type_Info();
+          }
         }
 
         /// Returns the registered name of a known type_info object
@@ -634,6 +668,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// \throws std::range_error if it does not
         Boxed_Value get_function_object(const std::string &t_name) const
         {
+//          std::cout << "Getting function object: " << t_name << '\n';
           chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
 
           const auto &funs = get_function_objects_int();
@@ -697,10 +732,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
         ///
         std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> get_scripting_objects() const
         {
-          Stack_Holder &s = *m_stack_holder;
+          const Stack_Holder &s = *m_stack_holder;
 
           // We don't want the current context, but one up if it exists
-          StackData &stack = (s.stacks.size()==1)?(s.stacks.back()):(s.stacks[s.stacks.size()-2]);
+          const StackData &stack = (s.stacks.size()==1)?(s.stacks.back()):(s.stacks[s.stacks.size()-2]);
 
           std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> retval;
 
@@ -773,9 +808,120 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_conversions;
         }
 
+        bool is_attribute_call(const std::vector<Proxy_Function> &t_funs, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params,
+            bool t_has_params) const
+        {
+          if (!t_has_params || t_params.empty()) {
+            return false;
+          }
+
+          for (const auto &fun : t_funs) {
+            if (fun->is_attribute_function()) {
+              if (fun->compare_first_type(t_params[0], m_conversions)) {
+                return true;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+
+          return false;
+        }
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+// MSVC is unable to recognize that "rethrow_exception" causes the function to return
+// so we must disable it here.
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4715)
+#endif
+        Boxed_Value call_member(const std::string &t_name, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, bool t_has_params) const
+        {
+          const auto funs = get_function(t_name);
+
+          const auto do_attribute_call = 
+            [this](int l_num_params, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &l_params, const std::vector<Proxy_Function> &l_funs, const Type_Conversions &l_conversions)->Boxed_Value
+            {
+              std::vector<Boxed_Value> attr_params{l_params.begin(), l_params.begin() + l_num_params};
+              std::vector<Boxed_Value> remaining_params{l_params.begin() + l_num_params, l_params.end()};
+              Boxed_Value bv = dispatch::dispatch(l_funs, attr_params, l_conversions);
+              if (!remaining_params.empty() || bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>())) {
+                return (*boxed_cast<const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *>(bv))(remaining_params, l_conversions);
+              } else {
+                return bv;
+              }
+            };
+
+          if (is_attribute_call(funs, params, t_has_params)) {
+            return do_attribute_call(1, params, funs, m_conversions);
+          } else {
+            std::exception_ptr except;
+
+            if (!funs.empty()) {
+              try {
+                return dispatch::dispatch(funs, params, m_conversions);
+              } catch(chaiscript::exception::dispatch_error&) {
+                except = std::current_exception();
+              }
+            }
+
+            // If we get here we know that either there was no method with that name,
+            // or there was no matching method
+
+            const auto functions = [&]()->std::vector<Proxy_Function> {
+              std::vector<Proxy_Function> fs;
+
+              for (const auto &f : get_function("method_missing"))
+              {
+                if(f->compare_first_type(params[0], m_conversions)) {
+                  fs.push_back(f);
+                }
+              }
+
+              return fs;
+            }();
+
+
+
+            const bool is_no_param = [&]()->bool{
+              for (const auto &f : functions) {
+                if (f->get_arity() != 2) {
+                  return false;
+                }
+              }
+              return true;
+            }();
+
+            if (!functions.empty()) {
+              if (is_no_param) {
+                std::vector<Boxed_Value> tmp_params(params);
+                tmp_params.insert(tmp_params.begin() + 1, var(t_name));
+                return do_attribute_call(2, tmp_params, functions, m_conversions);
+              } else {
+                return dispatch::dispatch(functions, {params[0], var(t_name), var(std::vector<Boxed_Value>(params.begin()+1, params.end()))}, m_conversions);
+              }
+            }
+
+            // If we get all the way down here we know there was no "method_missing"
+            // method at all.
+            if (except) {
+              std::rethrow_exception(except);
+            } else {
+              throw chaiscript::exception::dispatch_error(params, std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>(funs.begin(), funs.end()));
+            }
+          }
+        }
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+
+
         Boxed_Value call_function(const std::string &t_name, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params) const
         {
-          return dispatch::dispatch(get_function(t_name), params, m_conversions);
+          Boxed_Value bv = dispatch::dispatch(get_function(t_name), params, m_conversions);
+          // the result of a clone is never to be marked as a return_value
+          if (t_name == "clone") {
+            bv.reset_return_value();
+          }
+          return bv;
         }
 
         Boxed_Value call_function(const std::string &t_name) const
@@ -796,7 +942,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Dump object info to stdout
         void dump_object(const Boxed_Value &o) const
         {
-          std::cout << (o.is_const()?"const ":"") << type_name(o) << std::endl;
+          std::cout << (o.is_const()?"const ":"") << type_name(o) << '\n';
         }
 
         /// Dump type info to stdout
@@ -830,7 +976,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             }
           }
 
-          std::cout << ") " << std::endl;
+          std::cout << ") \n";
         }
 
         /// Returns true if a call can be made that consists of the first parameter
@@ -850,7 +996,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Dump all system info to stdout
         void dump_system() const
         {
-          std::cout << "Registered Types: " << std::endl;
+          std::cout << "Registered Types: \n";
           std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info> > types = get_types();
           for (std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info> >::const_iterator itr = types.begin();
               itr != types.end();
@@ -858,20 +1004,20 @@ namespace chaiscript
           {
             std::cout << itr->first << ": ";
             std::cout << itr->second.bare_name();
-            std::cout << std::endl;
+            std::cout << '\n';
           }
 
-          std::cout << std::endl;  
+          std::cout << '\n';  
           std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Proxy_Function > > funcs = get_functions();
 
-          std::cout << "Functions: " << std::endl;
+          std::cout << "Functions: \n";
           for (std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Proxy_Function > >::const_iterator itr = funcs.begin();
               itr != funcs.end();
               ++itr)
           {
             dump_function(*itr);
           }
-          std::cout << std::endl;
+          std::cout << '\n';
         }
 
         /// return true if the Boxed_Value matches the registered type by name
@@ -918,7 +1064,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         void save_function_params(std::initializer_list<Boxed_Value> t_params)
         {
           Stack_Holder &s = *m_stack_holder;
-          s.call_params.insert(s.call_params.begin(), std::move(t_params));
+          s.call_params.back().insert(s.call_params.back().begin(), std::move(t_params));
         }
 
         void save_function_params(std::vector<Boxed_Value> &&t_params)
@@ -927,14 +1073,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           for (auto &&param : t_params)
           {
-            s.call_params.insert(s.call_params.begin(), std::move(param));
+            s.call_params.back().insert(s.call_params.back().begin(), std::move(param));
           }
         }
 
         void save_function_params(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params)
         {
           Stack_Holder &s = *m_stack_holder;
-          s.call_params.insert(s.call_params.begin(), t_params.begin(), t_params.end());
+          s.call_params.back().insert(s.call_params.back().begin(), t_params.begin(), t_params.end());
         }
 
         void new_function_call()
@@ -945,7 +1091,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             m_conversions.enable_conversion_saves(true);
           }
 
-          ++m_stack_holder->call_depth;
+          ++s.call_depth;
 
           save_function_params(m_conversions.take_saves());
         }
@@ -959,9 +1105,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           if (s.call_depth == 0)
           {
-            /// \todo Critical: this needs to be smarter, memory can expand quickly
-            ///       in tight loops involving function calls
-            s.call_params.clear();
+            s.call_params.back().clear();
             m_conversions.enable_conversion_saves(false);
           }
         }
@@ -969,7 +1113,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
       private:
         /// Returns the current stack
         /// make const/non const versions
-        StackData &get_stack_data() const
+        const StackData &get_stack_data() const
+        {
+          return m_stack_holder->stacks.back();
+        }
+
+        StackData &get_stack_data()
         {
           return m_stack_holder->stacks.back();
         }
@@ -996,14 +1145,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         static bool function_less_than(const Proxy_Function &lhs, const Proxy_Function &rhs)
         {
-          const auto &lhsparamtypes = lhs->get_param_types();
-          const auto &rhsparamtypes = rhs->get_param_types();
-
-          const auto lhssize = lhsparamtypes.size();
-          const auto rhssize = rhsparamtypes.size();
-
-          CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR auto boxed_type = user_type<Boxed_Value>();
-          CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR auto boxed_pod_type = user_type<Boxed_Number>();
 
           auto dynamic_lhs(std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(lhs));
           auto dynamic_rhs(std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(rhs));
@@ -1012,12 +1153,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           {
             if (dynamic_lhs->get_guard())
             {
-              if (dynamic_rhs->get_guard())
-              {
-                return false;
-              } else {
-                return true;
-              }
+              return dynamic_rhs->get_guard() ? false : true;
             } else {
               return false;
             }
@@ -1033,6 +1169,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return true;
           }
 
+          const auto &lhsparamtypes = lhs->get_param_types();
+          const auto &rhsparamtypes = rhs->get_param_types();
+
+          const auto lhssize = lhsparamtypes.size();
+          const auto rhssize = rhsparamtypes.size();
+
+          CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR auto boxed_type = user_type<Boxed_Value>();
+          CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR auto boxed_pod_type = user_type<Boxed_Number>();
 
           for (size_t i = 1; i < lhssize && i < rhssize; ++i)
           {
@@ -1153,11 +1297,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
             : call_depth(0)
           {
             stacks.emplace_back(1);
+            call_params.emplace_back();
           }
 
           std::deque<StackData> stacks;
 
-          std::list<Boxed_Value> call_params;
+          std::deque<std::list<Boxed_Value>> call_params;
           int call_depth;
         };
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp

@@ -1,26 +1,17 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
 
-#include <cassert>
 #include <map>
-#include <memory>
 #include <string>
-#include <typeinfo>
 #include <utility>
-#include <vector>
 
-#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
-#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
-#include "boxed_cast_helper.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
-#include "type_info.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
 class Type_Conversions;
@@ -41,16 +32,42 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
+        Dynamic_Object() : m_type_name("")
+        {
+        }
+
         std::string get_type_name() const
         {
           return m_type_name;
         }
 
-        Boxed_Value get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name)
+        const Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name) const
+        {
+          auto a = m_attrs.find(t_attr_name);
+
+          if (a != m_attrs.end()) {
+            return a->second;
+          } else {
+            throw std::range_error("Attr not found '" + t_attr_name + "' and cannot be added to const obj");
+          }
+        }
+
+        Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name)
         {
           return m_attrs[t_attr_name];
         }
 
+        Boxed_Value &method_missing(const std::string &t_method_name)
+        {
+          return get_attr(t_method_name);
+        }
+
+        const Boxed_Value &method_missing(const std::string &t_method_name) const
+        {
+          return get_attr(t_method_name);
+        }
+
+
         std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> get_attrs() const
         {
           return m_attrs;
@@ -62,217 +79,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m_attrs;
     };
 
-    namespace detail
-    {
-      /// A Proxy_Function implementation designed for calling a function
-      /// that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
-      /// param's type name
-      class Dynamic_Object_Function : public Proxy_Function_Base
-      {
-        public:
-          Dynamic_Object_Function(
-              std::string t_type_name,
-              const Proxy_Function &t_func)
-            : Proxy_Function_Base(t_func->get_param_types(), t_func->get_arity()),
-            m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func), m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>())
-          {
-            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
-                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
-          }
-
-          Dynamic_Object_Function(
-              std::string t_type_name,
-              const Proxy_Function &t_func,
-              const Type_Info &t_ti)
-            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_param_types(t_func->get_param_types(), t_ti), t_func->get_arity()),
-              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func), m_ti(new Type_Info(t_ti)), m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>())
-          {
-            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
-                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
-          }
-
-          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Function() {}
-
-          Dynamic_Object_Function &operator=(const Dynamic_Object_Function) = delete;
-          Dynamic_Object_Function(Dynamic_Object_Function &) = delete;
-
-          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            if (const auto *df = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Function *>(&f))
-            {
-              return df->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*df->m_func) == (*m_func);
-            } else {
-              return false;
-            }
-          }
-
-          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            if (dynamic_object_typename_match(vals, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
-            {
-              return m_func->call_match(vals, t_conversions);
-            } else {
-              return false;
-            }
-          }    
-
-          virtual std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return {m_func};
-          }
-
-          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return m_func->annotation();
-          }
-
-
-        protected:
-          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            if (dynamic_object_typename_match(params, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
-            {
-              return (*m_func)(params, t_conversions);
-            } else {
-              throw exception::guard_error();
-            } 
-          }
-
-          virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return dynamic_object_typename_match(bv, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions);
-          }
-
-        private:
-          static std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_types(
-              const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_inner_types, const Type_Info& t_objectti)
-          {
-            std::vector<Type_Info> types(t_inner_types);
-
-            assert(types.size() > 1);
-            assert(types[1].bare_equal(user_type<Boxed_Value>()));
-            types[1] = t_objectti;
-            return types;
-          }
-
-          bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const Boxed_Value &bv, const std::string &name,
-              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
-          {
-            if (bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(m_doti))
-            {
-              try {
-                const Dynamic_Object &d = boxed_cast<const Dynamic_Object &>(bv, &t_conversions);
-                return name == "Dynamic_Object" || d.get_type_name() == name;
-              } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
-                return false;
-              } 
-            } else {
-              if (ti)
-              {
-                return bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(*ti);
-              } else {
-                return false;
-              }
-            }
-
-          }
-
-          bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, const std::string &name,
-              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
-          {
-            if (bvs.size() > 0)
-            {
-              return dynamic_object_typename_match(bvs[0], name, ti, t_conversions);
-            } else {
-              return false;
-            }
-          }
-
-          std::string m_type_name;
-          Proxy_Function m_func;
-          std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> m_ti;
-          const Type_Info m_doti;
-
-
-      };
-
-
-      /**
-       * A Proxy_Function implementation designed for creating a new
-       * Dynamic_Object
-       * that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
-       * param's type name
-       */
-      class Dynamic_Object_Constructor : public Proxy_Function_Base
-      {
-        public:
-          Dynamic_Object_Constructor(
-              std::string t_type_name,
-              const Proxy_Function &t_func)
-            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_type_list(t_func->get_param_types()), t_func->get_arity() - 1),
-              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func)
-          {
-            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
-                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
-          }
-
-          static std::vector<Type_Info> build_type_list(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tl)
-          {
-            auto begin = tl.begin();
-            auto end = tl.end();
-
-            if (begin != end)
-            {
-              ++begin;
-            }
-
-            return std::vector<Type_Info>(begin, end);
-          }
-
-          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Constructor() {}
-
-          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            const Dynamic_Object_Constructor *dc = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Constructor*>(&f);
-            if (dc)
-            {
-              return dc->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc->m_func) == (*m_func);
-            } else {
-              return false;
-            }
-          }
-
-          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_vals{Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name))};
-            new_vals.insert(new_vals.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
-
-            return m_func->call_match(new_vals, t_conversions);
-          }    
-
-          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return m_func->annotation();
-          }
-
-        protected:
-          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            auto bv = var(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name));
-            std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_params{bv};
-            new_params.insert(new_params.end(), params.begin(), params.end());
-
-            (*m_func)(new_params, t_conversions);
-
-            return bv;
-          }
-
-        private:
-          std::string m_type_name;
-          Proxy_Function m_func;
-
-      };
-    }
   }
 }
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object_detail.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_DETAIL_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_DETAIL_HPP_
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
+#include "boxed_cast_helper.hpp"
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
+#include "type_info.hpp"
+#include "dynamic_object.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+class Type_Conversions;
+namespace dispatch {
+class Proxy_Function_Base;
+}  // namespace dispatch
+}  // namespace chaiscript
+
+namespace chaiscript
+{
+  namespace dispatch
+  {
+    namespace detail
+    {
+      /// A Proxy_Function implementation designed for calling a function
+      /// that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
+      /// param's type name
+      class Dynamic_Object_Function : public Proxy_Function_Base
+      {
+        public:
+          Dynamic_Object_Function(
+              std::string t_type_name,
+              const Proxy_Function &t_func,
+              bool t_is_attribute = false)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(t_func->get_param_types(), t_func->get_arity()),
+              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func), m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>()),
+              m_is_attribute(t_is_attribute)
+          {
+            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+          }
+
+          Dynamic_Object_Function(
+              std::string t_type_name,
+              const Proxy_Function &t_func,
+              const Type_Info &t_ti,
+              bool t_is_attribute = false)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_param_types(t_func->get_param_types(), t_ti), t_func->get_arity()),
+              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func), m_ti(t_ti.is_undef()?nullptr:new Type_Info(t_ti)), m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>()),
+              m_is_attribute(t_is_attribute)
+          {
+            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+          }
+
+          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Function() {}
+
+          Dynamic_Object_Function &operator=(const Dynamic_Object_Function) = delete;
+          Dynamic_Object_Function(Dynamic_Object_Function &) = delete;
+
+          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            if (const auto *df = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Function *>(&f))
+            {
+              return df->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*df->m_func) == (*m_func);
+            } else {
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+
+          virtual bool is_attribute_function() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE { return m_is_attribute; } 
+
+          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            if (dynamic_object_typename_match(vals, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
+            {
+              return m_func->call_match(vals, t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+
+          virtual std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return {m_func};
+          }
+
+          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return m_func->annotation();
+          }
+
+
+        protected:
+          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            if (dynamic_object_typename_match(params, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
+            {
+              return (*m_func)(params, t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              throw exception::guard_error();
+            } 
+          }
+
+          virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return dynamic_object_typename_match(bv, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions);
+          }
+
+        private:
+          static std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_types(
+              const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_inner_types, const Type_Info& t_objectti)
+          {
+            std::vector<Type_Info> types(t_inner_types);
+
+            assert(types.size() > 1);
+            //assert(types[1].bare_equal(user_type<Boxed_Value>()));
+            types[1] = t_objectti;
+            return types;
+          }
+
+          bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const Boxed_Value &bv, const std::string &name,
+              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+          {
+            if (bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(m_doti))
+            {
+              try {
+                const Dynamic_Object &d = boxed_cast<const Dynamic_Object &>(bv, &t_conversions);
+                return name == "Dynamic_Object" || d.get_type_name() == name;
+              } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
+                return false;
+              } 
+            } else {
+              if (ti)
+              {
+                return bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(*ti);
+              } else {
+                return false;
+              }
+            }
+
+          }
+
+          bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, const std::string &name,
+              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+          {
+            if (bvs.size() > 0)
+            {
+              return dynamic_object_typename_match(bvs[0], name, ti, t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+
+          std::string m_type_name;
+          Proxy_Function m_func;
+          std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> m_ti;
+          const Type_Info m_doti;
+          bool m_is_attribute;
+
+
+      };
+
+
+      /**
+       * A Proxy_Function implementation designed for creating a new
+       * Dynamic_Object
+       * that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
+       * param's type name
+       */
+      class Dynamic_Object_Constructor : public Proxy_Function_Base
+      {
+        public:
+          Dynamic_Object_Constructor(
+              std::string t_type_name,
+              const Proxy_Function &t_func)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_type_list(t_func->get_param_types()), t_func->get_arity() - 1),
+              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func)
+          {
+            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+          }
+
+          static std::vector<Type_Info> build_type_list(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tl)
+          {
+            auto begin = tl.begin();
+            auto end = tl.end();
+
+            if (begin != end)
+            {
+              ++begin;
+            }
+
+            return std::vector<Type_Info>(begin, end);
+          }
+
+          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Constructor() {}
+
+          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            const Dynamic_Object_Constructor *dc = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Constructor*>(&f);
+            return dc && dc->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc->m_func) == (*m_func);
+          }
+
+          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_vals{Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name))};
+            new_vals.insert(new_vals.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
+
+            return m_func->call_match(new_vals, t_conversions);
+          }    
+
+          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            return m_func->annotation();
+          }
+
+        protected:
+          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          {
+            auto bv = var(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name));
+            std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_params{bv};
+            new_params.insert(new_params.end(), params.begin(), params.end());
+
+            (*m_func)(new_params, t_conversions);
+
+            return bv;
+          }
+
+        private:
+          std::string m_type_name;
+          Proxy_Function m_func;
+
+      };
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif
+

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_EXCEPTION_SPECIFICATION_HPP_

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
 
 #include <functional>
-#include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       std::function<FunctionType>
       functor(Const_Proxy_Function func, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
       {
-        return functor<FunctionType>(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>({func}), t_conversions);
+        return functor<FunctionType>(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>({std::move(func)}), t_conversions);
       }
 
     /// Helper for automatically unboxing a Boxed_Value that contains a function object

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
 
-#include <algorithm>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HANDLE_RETURN_HPP_
@@ -9,13 +9,11 @@
 
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
-#include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
-#include <vector>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "boxed_number.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "type_info.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
 class Boxed_Number;
@@ -25,6 +23,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
 {
   namespace dispatch
   {
+    template<class T> class Proxy_Function_Impl;
+    template<class T> class Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl;
+
     namespace detail
     {
       /**
@@ -33,9 +34,110 @@ namespace chaiscript
       template<typename Ret>
         struct Handle_Return
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret &r)
+          template<typename T,
+                   typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_pod<typename std::decay<T>::type>::value>::type>
+          static Boxed_Value handle(T r)
           {
-            return const_var(r);
+            return Boxed_Value(std::move(r), true);
+          }
+
+          template<typename T,
+                   typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_pod<typename std::decay<T>::type>::value>::type>
+          static Boxed_Value handle(T &&r)
+          {
+            return Boxed_Value(std::make_shared<T>(std::forward<T>(r)), true);
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::function<Ret> &>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                std::shared_ptr<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>(
+                  new dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>(f)
+                )
+              );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret>>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                std::shared_ptr<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>(
+                  new Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>(f)
+                  )
+                );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                std::shared_ptr<Proxy_Function_Base>(
+                  new Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>(
+                    std::ref(*f),
+                    f
+                    )
+                  )
+                );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                std::shared_ptr<Proxy_Function_Base>(
+                  new Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>(
+                    std::ref(*f),
+                    f
+                    )
+                  )
+                );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                std::shared_ptr<Proxy_Function_Base>(
+                  new Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>(
+                    std::ref(*f),
+                    f
+                    )
+                  )
+                );
+          }
+        };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret> &>
+        {
+          static Boxed_Value handle(std::function<Ret> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                std::shared_ptr<Proxy_Function_Base>(
+                  new Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>(
+                    std::ref(f),
+                    std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>()
+                    )
+                  )
+                );
+          }
+
+          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
+            return Boxed_Value(
+                std::shared_ptr<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base>(
+                  new dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>(f)
+                )
+              );
           }
         };
 
@@ -44,7 +146,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(Ret *p)
           {
-            return Boxed_Value(p);
+            return Boxed_Value(p, true);
           }
         };
 
@@ -53,7 +155,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret *p)
           {
-            return Boxed_Value(p);
+            return Boxed_Value(p, true);
           }
         };
 
@@ -62,7 +164,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
           {
-            return Boxed_Value(r);
+            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
           }
         };
 
@@ -71,7 +173,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
           {
-            return Boxed_Value(r);
+            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
           }
         };
 
@@ -80,7 +182,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
           {
-            return Boxed_Value(r);
+            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
           }
         };
 
@@ -89,7 +191,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret &r)
           {
-            return Boxed_Value(std::cref(r));
+            return Boxed_Value(std::cref(r), true);
           }
         };
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP_
@@ -229,231 +229,231 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign<T &, const T&>), "=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_bitwise_and<T &, const T&>), "&=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_xor(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_xor(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_xor<T &, const T&>), "^=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_bitwise_or<T &, const T&>), "|=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_difference(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_difference(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_difference<T &, const T&>), "-=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_left_shift(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_left_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_left_shift<T &, const T&>), "<<=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_product(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_product(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_product<T &, const T&>), "*=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_quotient(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_quotient(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_quotient<T &, const T&>), "/=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_remainder(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_remainder(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_remainder<T &, const T&>), "%=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_right_shift(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_right_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_right_shift<T &, const T&>), ">>=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_sum(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr assign_sum(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_sum<T &, const T&>), "+=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr prefix_decrement(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr prefix_decrement(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::prefix_decrement<T &>), "--");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr prefix_increment(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr prefix_increment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::prefix_increment<T &>), "++");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr equal(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::equal<const T&, const T&>), "==");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr greater_than(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr greater_than(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::greater_than<const T&, const T&>), ">");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr greater_than_equal(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr greater_than_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::greater_than_equal<const T&, const T&>), ">=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr less_than(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr less_than(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::less_than<const T&, const T&>), "<");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr less_than_equal(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr less_than_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::less_than_equal<const T&, const T&>), "<=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr logical_compliment(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr logical_compliment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::logical_compliment<const T &>), "!");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr not_equal(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr not_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::not_equal<const T &, const T &>), "!=");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr addition(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr addition(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::addition<const T &, const T &>), "+");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr unary_plus(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr unary_plus(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::unary_plus<const T &>), "+");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr subtraction(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr subtraction(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::subtraction<const T &, const T &>), "-");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr unary_minus(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr unary_minus(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::unary_minus<const T &>), "-");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_and<const T &, const T &>), "&");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr bitwise_compliment(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr bitwise_compliment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_compliment<const T &>), "~");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr bitwise_xor(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr bitwise_xor(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_xor<const T &, const T &>), "^");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_or<const T &, const T &>), "|");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr division(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr division(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::division<const T &, const T &>), "/");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr left_shift(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr left_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::left_shift<const T &, const T &>), "<<");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr multiplication(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr multiplication(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::multiplication<const T &, const T &>), "*");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr remainder(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr remainder(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::remainder<const T &, const T &>), "%");
           return m;
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr right_shift(ModulePtr m = ModulePtr(new Module()))
+        ModulePtr right_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
         {
           m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::right_shift<const T &, const T &>), ">>");
           return m;

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_CONSTRUCTORS_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_CONSTRUCTORS_HPP_
 
+#include "proxy_functions.hpp"
+
 namespace chaiscript
 {
   namespace dispatch
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         Proxy_Function build_constructor_(Class (*)(Params...))
         {
           typedef std::shared_ptr<Class> (sig)(Params...);
-          return Proxy_Function(new Proxy_Function_Impl<sig>(std::function<sig>(&(constructor_<Class, Params...>))));
+          return Proxy_Function(static_cast<Proxy_Function_Impl_Base *>(new Proxy_Function_Impl<sig>(std::function<sig>(&(constructor_<Class, Params...>)))));
         }
     }
   }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 #define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_HPP_
 
 
-#include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
@@ -20,10 +19,10 @@
 
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
 #include "boxed_cast.hpp"
-#include "boxed_cast_helper.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions_detail.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
+#include "dynamic_object.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
 class Type_Conversions;
@@ -42,6 +41,98 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
   namespace dispatch
   {
+    template<typename FunctionType>
+      std::function<FunctionType> functor(std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> func, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions);
+
+    class Param_Types
+    {
+      public:
+        Param_Types()
+          : m_has_types(false),
+            m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>())
+        {}
+
+        Param_Types(std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info>> t_types)
+          : m_types(std::move(t_types)),
+            m_has_types(false),
+            m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>())
+        {
+          update_has_types();
+        }
+
+        void push_front(std::string t_name, Type_Info t_ti)
+        {
+          m_types.emplace(m_types.begin(), std::move(t_name), std::move(t_ti));
+          update_has_types();
+        }
+
+        bool operator==(const Param_Types &t_rhs) const
+        {
+          return m_types == t_rhs.m_types;
+        }
+
+        bool match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+        {
+          if (!m_has_types) return true;
+          if (vals.size() != m_types.size()) return false;
+
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < vals.size(); ++i)
+          {
+            const auto &name = m_types[i].first;
+            if (!name.empty()) {
+              const auto &bv = vals[i];
+
+              if (bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(m_doti))
+              {
+                try {
+                  const Dynamic_Object &d = boxed_cast<const Dynamic_Object &>(bv, &t_conversions);
+                  return name == "Dynamic_Object" || d.get_type_name() == name;
+                } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
+                  return false;
+                } 
+              } else {
+                const auto &ti = m_types[i].second;
+                if (!ti.is_undef())
+                {
+                  if (!bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(ti)) {
+                    return false;
+                  }
+                } else {
+                  return false;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info>> &types() const
+        {
+          return m_types;
+        }
+
+      private:
+        void update_has_types()
+        {
+          for (const auto &type : m_types)
+          {
+            if (!type.first.empty())
+            {
+              m_has_types = true;
+              return;
+            }
+          }
+
+          m_has_types = false;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, Type_Info>> m_types;
+        bool m_has_types;
+        Type_Info m_doti;
+
+    };
+
     /**
      * Pure virtual base class for all Proxy_Function implementations
      * Proxy_Functions are a type erasure of type safe C++
@@ -57,8 +148,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         Boxed_Value operator()(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const chaiscript::Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
         {
-          Boxed_Value bv = do_call(params, t_conversions);
-          return bv;
+          return do_call(params, t_conversions);
         }
 
         /// Returns a vector containing all of the types of the parameters the function returns/takes
@@ -70,6 +160,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &) const = 0;
         virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const = 0;
 
+        virtual bool is_attribute_function() const { return false; }
+
         bool has_arithmetic_param() const 
         {
           return m_has_arithmetic_param;
@@ -87,10 +179,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
           if (m_arity < 0)
           {
             return true;
-          } else if (size_t(m_arity) == vals.size()) {
+          } else if (static_cast<size_t>(m_arity) == vals.size()) {
             if (m_arity == 0)
             {
               return true;
+            } else if (m_arity > 1 && m_types.size() > 1) {
+              return compare_first_type(vals[0], t_conversions) && compare_type_to_param(m_types[2], vals[1], t_conversions);
             } else {
               return compare_first_type(vals[0], t_conversions);
             }
@@ -125,11 +219,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return false;
           }
         }
+
+        virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+        {
+          return compare_type_to_param(m_types[1], bv, t_conversions);
+        }
+
       protected:
         virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const = 0;
 
         Proxy_Function_Base(std::vector<Type_Info> t_types, int t_arity)
-          : m_types(std::move(t_types)), m_has_arithmetic_param(false), m_arity(t_arity)
+          : m_types(std::move(t_types)), m_arity(t_arity), m_has_arithmetic_param(false)
         {
           for (size_t i = 1; i < m_types.size(); ++i)
           {
@@ -142,19 +242,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         }
 
-        virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
-        {
-          const std::vector<Type_Info> &types = get_param_types();
-
-          if (types.size() < 2)
-          {
-            return true;
-          }
-
-          const Type_Info &ti = types[1];
-          return compare_type_to_param(ti, bv, t_conversions);
-
-        }
 
         static bool compare_types(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tis, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs)
         {
@@ -162,7 +249,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           {
             return false;
           } else {
-            size_t size = bvs.size();
+            const size_t size = bvs.size();
             for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i)
             {
               if (!(tis[i+1].bare_equal(bvs[i].get_type_info()) && tis[i+1].is_const() >= bvs[i].get_type_info().is_const() ))
@@ -175,8 +262,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
         std::vector<Type_Info> m_types;
-        bool m_has_arithmetic_param;
         int m_arity;
+        bool m_has_arithmetic_param;
     };
   }
 
@@ -197,6 +284,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
           : std::runtime_error("Guard evaluation failed")
         { }
 
+        guard_error(const guard_error &) = default;
+
         virtual ~guard_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
         { }
     };
@@ -215,10 +304,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
             std::function<Boxed_Value (const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &)> t_f, 
             int t_arity=-1,
             AST_NodePtr t_parsenode = AST_NodePtr(),
+            Param_Types t_param_types = Param_Types(),
             std::string t_description = "",
             Proxy_Function t_guard = Proxy_Function())
-          : Proxy_Function_Base(build_param_type_list(t_arity), t_arity),
-            m_f(std::move(t_f)), m_arity(t_arity), m_description(std::move(t_description)), m_guard(std::move(t_guard)), m_parsenode(std::move(t_parsenode))
+          : Proxy_Function_Base(build_param_type_list(t_param_types), t_arity),
+            m_param_types(std::move(t_param_types)),
+            m_guard(std::move(t_guard)), m_parsenode(std::move(t_parsenode)), m_description(std::move(t_description)), 
+            m_f(std::move(t_f))
         {
         }
 
@@ -231,14 +323,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return this == &rhs
             || (prhs
                 && this->m_arity == prhs->m_arity
-                && !this->m_guard && !prhs->m_guard);
+                && !this->m_guard && !prhs->m_guard
+                && this->m_param_types == prhs->m_param_types);
         }
 
         virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
         {
-          return (m_arity < 0 || vals.size() == size_t(m_arity))
+          return (m_arity < 0 || (vals.size() == size_t(m_arity) && m_param_types.match(vals, t_conversions)))
             && test_guard(vals, t_conversions);
-        }    
+        }
 
 
         Proxy_Function get_guard() const
@@ -261,8 +354,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           if (m_arity < 0 || params.size() == size_t(m_arity))
           {
-
-            if (test_guard(params, t_conversions))
+            if (call_match(params, t_conversions) && test_guard(params, t_conversions))
             {
               return m_f(params);
             } else {
@@ -291,45 +383,42 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
-        static std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_type_list(int arity)
+        static std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_type_list(const Param_Types &t_types)
         {
           std::vector<Type_Info> types;
 
           // For the return type
           types.push_back(chaiscript::detail::Get_Type_Info<Boxed_Value>::get());
 
-          if (arity > 0)
+          for (const auto &t : t_types.types())
           {
-            for (int i = 0; i < arity; ++i)
-            {
+            if (t.second.is_undef()) {
               types.push_back(chaiscript::detail::Get_Type_Info<Boxed_Value>::get());
+            } else {
+              types.push_back(t.second);
             }
           }
 
           return types;
         }
 
-        std::function<Boxed_Value (const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &)> m_f;
-        int m_arity;
-        std::string m_description;
+        Param_Types m_param_types;
         Proxy_Function m_guard;
         AST_NodePtr m_parsenode;
+        std::string m_description;
+        std::function<Boxed_Value (const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &)> m_f;
     };
 
-    /**
-     * An object used by Bound_Function to represent "_" parameters
-     * of a binding. This allows for unbound parameters during bind.
-     */
+    /// An object used by Bound_Function to represent "_" parameters
+    /// of a binding. This allows for unbound parameters during bind.
     struct Placeholder_Object
     {
     };
 
-    /**
-     * An implementation of Proxy_Function that takes a Proxy_Function
-     * and substitutes bound parameters into the parameter list
-     * at runtime, when call() is executed.
-     * it is used for bind(function, param1, _, param2) style calls
-     */
+    /// An implementation of Proxy_Function that takes a Proxy_Function
+    /// and substitutes bound parameters into the parameter list
+    /// at runtime, when call() is executed.
+    /// it is used for bind(function, param1, _, param2) style calls
     class Bound_Function : public Proxy_Function_Base
     {
       public:
@@ -355,9 +444,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         virtual std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
         {
-          std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> fs;
-          fs.push_back(m_f);
-          return fs;
+          return std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>{m_f};
         }
 
 
@@ -408,9 +495,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
           std::vector<Type_Info> types = t_f->get_param_types();
           assert(types.size() == t_args.size() + 1);
 
-          std::vector<Type_Info> retval;
-          retval.push_back(types[0]);
-          for (size_t i = 0; i < types.size()-1; ++i)
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 6011)
+#endif
+          // this analysis warning is invalid in MSVC12 and doesn't exist in MSVC14
+          std::vector<Type_Info> retval{types[0]};
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < types.size() - 1; ++i)
           {
             if (t_args[i].get_type_info() == chaiscript::detail::Get_Type_Info<Placeholder_Object>::get())
             {
@@ -448,22 +543,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
         {
-          if (int(vals.size()) != get_arity()) 
-          {
-            return false;
-          }
-
-          return compare_types(m_types, vals) || compare_types_with_cast(vals, t_conversions);
+          return static_cast<int>(vals.size()) == get_arity() && (compare_types(m_types, vals) || compare_types_with_cast(vals, t_conversions));
         }
 
         virtual bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const = 0;
     };
 
-    /**
-     * The standard typesafe function call implementation of Proxy_Function
-     * It takes a std::function<> object and performs runtime 
-     * type checking of Boxed_Value parameters, in a type safe manner
-     */
+    /// The standard typesafe function call implementation of Proxy_Function
+    /// It takes a std::function<> object and performs runtime 
+    /// type checking of Boxed_Value parameters, in a type safe manner
     template<typename Func>
       class Proxy_Function_Impl : public Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
     {
@@ -492,19 +580,79 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       protected:
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
         {
           return detail::Do_Call<typename std::function<Func>::result_type>::go(m_f, params, t_conversions);
         }
 
+
       private:
         std::function<Func> m_f;
         Func *m_dummy_func;
     };
 
-    /**
-     * Attribute getter Proxy_Function implementation
-     */
+    class Assignable_Proxy_Function : public Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+    {
+      public:
+        Assignable_Proxy_Function(const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_types)
+          : Proxy_Function_Impl_Base(t_types)
+        {
+        }
+
+        virtual ~Assignable_Proxy_Function() {}
+
+
+        virtual void assign(const std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> &t_rhs)  = 0;
+
+
+    };
+
+    template<typename Func>
+      class Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl : public Assignable_Proxy_Function
+    {
+      public:
+        Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl(std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Func>> t_f, std::shared_ptr<std::function<Func>> t_ptr)
+          : Assignable_Proxy_Function(detail::build_param_type_list(static_cast<Func *>(nullptr))),
+            m_f(std::move(t_f)), m_shared_ptr_holder(std::move(t_ptr)), m_dummy_func(nullptr)
+        {
+          assert(!m_shared_ptr_holder || m_shared_ptr_holder.get() == &m_f.get());
+
+        }
+
+        virtual ~Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl() {}
+
+        virtual bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return detail::compare_types_cast(m_dummy_func, vals, t_conversions);
+        }
+
+        virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_func) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return dynamic_cast<const Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Func> *>(&t_func) != nullptr;
+        }
+
+        std::function<Func> internal_function() const
+        {
+          return m_f.get();
+        }
+
+        virtual void assign(const std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> &t_rhs) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE {
+          m_f.get() = dispatch::functor<Func>(t_rhs, nullptr);
+        }
+
+      protected:
+        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        {
+          return detail::Do_Call<typename std::function<Func>::result_type>::go(m_f.get(), params, t_conversions);
+        }
+
+
+      private:
+        std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Func>> m_f;
+        std::shared_ptr<std::function<Func>> m_shared_ptr_holder;
+        Func *m_dummy_func;
+    };
+    /// Attribute getter Proxy_Function implementation
     template<typename T, typename Class>
       class Attribute_Access : public Proxy_Function_Base
     {
@@ -517,6 +665,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         virtual ~Attribute_Access() {}
 
+        virtual bool is_attribute_function() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE { return true; } 
+
         virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_func) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
         {
           const Attribute_Access<T, Class> * aa 
@@ -553,14 +703,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
             if (bv.is_const())
             {
               const Class *o = boxed_cast<const Class *>(bv, &t_conversions);
-              return detail::Handle_Return<typename std::add_lvalue_reference<T>::type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
+              return detail::Handle_Return<const typename std::add_lvalue_reference<T>::type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
             } else {
               Class *o = boxed_cast<Class *>(bv, &t_conversions);
               return detail::Handle_Return<typename std::add_lvalue_reference<T>::type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
             }
           } else {
             throw exception::arity_error(static_cast<int>(params.size()), 1);
-          }       
+          }
         }
 
       private:
@@ -589,6 +739,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
+        dispatch_error(const dispatch_error &) = default;
         virtual ~dispatch_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
 
         std::vector<Boxed_Value> parameters;
@@ -644,8 +795,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
               {
                 matching_func = begin;
               } else {
-                // More than one function matches, not attempting
-                throw exception::dispatch_error(plist, std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>(orig, end));
+                // handle const members vs non-const member, which is not really ambiguous
+                const auto &mat_fun_param_types = (*matching_func)->get_param_types();
+                const auto &next_fun_param_types = (*begin)->get_param_types();
+
+                if (plist[0].is_const() && !mat_fun_param_types[1].is_const() && next_fun_param_types[1].is_const()) {
+                  matching_func = begin; // keep the new one, the const/non-const matchup is correct
+                } else if (!plist[0].is_const() && !mat_fun_param_types[1].is_const() && next_fun_param_types[1].is_const()) {
+                  // keep the old one, it has a better const/non-const matchup
+                } else {
+                  // ambiguous function call
+                  throw exception::dispatch_error(plist, std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>(orig, end));
+                }
               }
             }
 
@@ -696,7 +857,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       Boxed_Value dispatch(const Funcs &funcs,
           const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &plist, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
       {
-
+        //std::cout << "starting dispatch: " << funcs.size() << '\n';
         std::multimap<size_t, const Proxy_Function_Base *> ordered_funcs;
 
         for (const auto &func : funcs)
@@ -725,7 +886,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         for (const auto &func : ordered_funcs )
         {
           try {
-            if (func.second->filter(plist, t_conversions))
+            if (func.first == 0 || func.second->filter(plist, t_conversions))
             {
               return (*(func.second))(plist, t_conversions);
             }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
 
-#include <algorithm>
 #include <functional>
 #include <stdexcept>
-#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
@@ -42,6 +40,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       }
 
+      arity_error(const arity_error &) = default;
+
       virtual ~arity_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
 
       int got;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       template<typename Param, typename ... Rest>
         struct Try_Cast<Param, Rest...>
         {
-          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, int generation, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, size_t generation, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
           {
             boxed_cast<Param>(params[generation], &t_conversions);
             Try_Cast<Rest...>::do_try(params, generation+1, t_conversions);
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       template<>
         struct Try_Cast<>
         {
-          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &, int, const Type_Conversions &)
+          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &, size_t, const Type_Conversions &)
           {
           }
         };

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_REGISTER_FUNCTION_HPP_
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include <type_traits>
 
 #include "bind_first.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript
@@ -40,40 +39,29 @@ namespace chaiscript
       template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Args> 
         std::function<Ret (Class &, Args...) > to_function(Ret (Class::*func)(Args...))
         {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
           /// \todo this std::mem_fn wrap shouldn't be necessary but type conversions for 
           ///       std::function for member function pointers seems to be broken in MSVC
           return std::function<Ret(Class &, Args...)>(std::mem_fn(func));
+#else
+          return std::function<Ret(Class &, Args...)>(func);
+#endif
         }
 
       template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Args> 
         std::function<Ret (const Class &, Args...) > to_function(Ret (Class::*func)(Args...) const)
         {
+#if defined(CHAISCRIPT_MSVC) || defined(CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP)
           /// \todo this std::mem_fn wrap shouldn't be necessary but type conversions for 
           ///       std::function for member function pointers seems to be broken in MSVC
-          return std::function<Ret (const Class &, Args...)>(std::mem_fn(func));
+          return std::function<Ret (const Class &, Args...)>([func](const Class &o, Args... args)->Ret {
+                return (o.*func)(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+              });
+#else
+          return std::function<Ret(const Class &, Args...)>(func);
+#endif
         }
 
-      template<bool Object>
-        struct Fun_Helper
-        {
-          template<typename T>
-            static Proxy_Function go(T t)
-            {
-              /// \todo is it possible to reduce the number of templates generated here?
-              return Proxy_Function(
-                  new Proxy_Function_Impl<typename FunctionSignature<decltype(to_function(t)) >::Signature>(to_function(t)));
-            }      
-        };
-
-      template<>
-        struct Fun_Helper<true>
-        {
-          template<typename T, typename Class>
-            static Proxy_Function go(T Class::* m)
-            {
-              return Proxy_Function(new Attribute_Access<T, Class>(m));
-            }
-        };
     }
   }
 
@@ -98,9 +86,31 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// 
   /// \sa \ref adding_functions
   template<typename T>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T t)
+    Proxy_Function fun(const T &t)
     {
-      return dispatch::detail::Fun_Helper<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::go(t);
+      return Proxy_Function(
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl<typename dispatch::detail::FunctionSignature<decltype(dispatch::detail::to_function(t)) >::Signature>>(dispatch::detail::to_function(t)));
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*func)(Param...) const)
+    {
+      return Proxy_Function(
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl<typename dispatch::detail::FunctionSignature<decltype(dispatch::detail::to_function(func)) >::Signature>>(dispatch::detail::to_function(func)));
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*func)(Param...))
+    {
+      return Proxy_Function(
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl<typename dispatch::detail::FunctionSignature<decltype(dispatch::detail::to_function(func)) >::Signature>>(dispatch::detail::to_function(func)));
+    }
+
+
+  template<typename T, typename Class /*, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::type*/>
+    Proxy_Function fun(T Class::* m /*, typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::type* = 0*/ )
+    {
+      return Proxy_Function(chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Attribute_Access<T, Class>>(m));
     }
 
 
@@ -118,7 +128,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
   template<typename T>
     Proxy_Function fun(const std::function<T> &f)
     {
-      return Proxy_Function(new dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl<T>(f));
+      return Proxy_Function(chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl<T>>(f));
     }
 
   
@@ -141,9 +151,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// 
   /// \sa \ref adding_functions
   template<typename T, typename Q>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T t, const Q &q)
+    Proxy_Function fun(T &&t, const Q &q)
     {
-      return fun(detail::bind_first(t, q));
+      return fun(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), q));
     }
 
   /// \brief Creates a new Proxy_Function object from a free function or member function and binds the first and second parameters of it
@@ -167,11 +177,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// 
   /// \sa \ref adding_functions
   template<typename T, typename Q, typename R>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T t, const Q &q, const R &r)
+    Proxy_Function fun(T &&t, Q &&q, R &&r)
     {
-      return fun(detail::bind_first(detail::bind_first(t, q), r));
+      return fun(detail::bind_first(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), std::forward<Q>(q)), std::forward<R>(r)));
     }
-   
+
 }
 
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_CAST_CONVERSION_HPP_
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
+        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const bad_boxed_dynamic_cast &) = default;
+
         virtual ~bad_boxed_dynamic_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
     };
 
@@ -66,6 +68,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
+        bad_boxed_type_cast(const bad_boxed_type_cast &) = default;
+
         virtual ~bad_boxed_type_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
     };
   }
@@ -88,13 +92,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_from;
         }
 
+        virtual ~Type_Conversion_Base() {}
+
       protected:
         Type_Conversion_Base(const Type_Info &t_to, const Type_Info &t_from)
           : m_to(t_to), m_from(t_from)
         {
         }
 
-        virtual ~Type_Conversion_Base() {} 
 
       private:
         Type_Info m_to;
@@ -115,24 +120,36 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 // Dynamic cast out the contained boxed value, which we know is the type we want
                 if (t_from.is_const())
                 {
-                  std::shared_ptr<const To> data
-                    = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<const From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr));
-                  if (!data)
-                  {
-                    throw std::bad_cast();
-                  }
-
-                  return Boxed_Value(data);
+                  return Boxed_Value(
+                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<const To>{
+                        if (auto data = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<const From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
+                        {
+                          return data;
+                        } else {
+                          throw std::bad_cast();
+                        }
+                      }()
+                      );
                 } else {
-                  std::shared_ptr<To> data
-                    = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr));
-
-                  if (!data)
-                  {
-                    throw std::bad_cast();
-                  }
-
-                  return Boxed_Value(data);
+                  return Boxed_Value(
+                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<To>{
+                        if (auto data = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
+                        {
+                          return data;
+                        } else {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP
+                          /// \todo fix this someday after libc++ is fixed.
+                          if (std::string(typeid(To).name()).find("Assignable_Proxy_Function") != std::string::npos) {
+                            auto from = detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr);
+                            if (std::string(typeid(*from).name()).find("Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl") != std::string::npos) {
+                              return std::static_pointer_cast<To>(from);
+                            }
+                          }
+#endif
+                          throw std::bad_cast();
+                        }
+                      }()
+                      );
                 }
               } else {
                 // Pull the reference out of the contained boxed value, which we know is the type we want
@@ -213,14 +230,20 @@ namespace chaiscript
       };
 
       Type_Conversions()
-        : m_num_types(0),
+        : m_mutex(),
+          m_conversions(),
+          m_convertableTypes(),
+          m_num_types(0),
           m_thread_cache(this),
           m_conversion_saves(this)
       {
       }
 
       Type_Conversions(const Type_Conversions &t_other)
-        : m_conversions(t_other.get_conversions()), m_num_types(m_conversions.size()),
+        : m_mutex(),
+          m_conversions(t_other.get_conversions()),
+          m_convertableTypes(),
+          m_num_types(m_conversions.size()),
           m_thread_cache(this),
           m_conversion_saves(this)
 
@@ -366,8 +389,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       std::set<std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base>> m_conversions;
       std::set<const std::type_info *, Less_Than> m_convertableTypes;
       std::atomic_size_t m_num_types;
-      chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<std::set<const std::type_info *, Less_Than>> m_thread_cache;
-      chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<Conversion_Saves> m_conversion_saves;
+      mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<std::set<const std::type_info *, Less_Than>> m_thread_cache;
+      mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<Conversion_Saves> m_conversion_saves;
   };
 
   typedef std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::detail::Type_Conversion_Base> Type_Conversion;
@@ -402,14 +425,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
     static_assert(std::is_polymorphic<Base>::value, "Base class must be polymorphic");
     static_assert(std::is_polymorphic<Derived>::value, "Derived class must be polymorphic");
 
-    return std::make_shared<detail::Dynamic_Conversion_Impl<Base, Derived>>();
+    return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Dynamic_Conversion_Impl<Base, Derived>>();
   }
 
   template<typename Callable>
     Type_Conversion type_conversion(const Type_Info &t_from, const Type_Info &t_to, 
         const Callable &t_func)
     {
-      return std::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<Callable>>(t_from, t_to, t_func);
+      return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<Callable>>(t_from, t_to, t_func);
     }
 
   template<typename From, typename To, typename Callable>
@@ -420,7 +443,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return chaiscript::Boxed_Value(t_function(detail::Cast_Helper<const From &>::cast(t_bv, nullptr)));
           };
 
-      return std::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<From>(), user_type<To>(), func);
+      return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<From>(), user_type<To>(), func);
     }
 
   template<typename From, typename To>
@@ -429,16 +452,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
       static_assert(std::is_convertible<From, To>::value, "Types are not automatically convertible");
       auto func = [](const Boxed_Value &t_bv) -> Boxed_Value {
             // not even attempting to call boxed_cast so that we don't get caught in some call recursion
-            std::cout << " Type conversion to : " << typeid(To).name() << " from " << typeid(From).name() << std::endl;
-            auto &&from =  detail::Cast_Helper<From>::cast(t_bv, nullptr);
-            std::cout << "Ptr" << static_cast<const void *>(from) << std::endl;
-            std::cout << "Ptr" << from << std::endl;
-
-            To to(from);
-            return chaiscript::Boxed_Value(to);
+            return chaiscript::Boxed_Value(To(detail::Cast_Helper<From>::cast(t_bv, nullptr)));
           };
 
-      return std::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<From>(), user_type<To>(), func);
+      return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<From>(), user_type<To>(), func);
     }
 
 }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
 
-#include <functional>
 #include <memory>
-#include <string>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <typeinfo>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
@@ -31,8 +30,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
   {
     public:
       CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR Type_Info(bool t_is_const, bool t_is_reference, bool t_is_pointer, bool t_is_void, 
-          bool t_is_arithmetic, const std::type_info *t_ti, const std::type_info *t_bareti)
-        : m_type_info(t_ti), m_bare_type_info(t_bareti),
+          bool t_is_arithmetic, const std::type_info *t_ti, const std::type_info *t_bare_ti)
+        : m_type_info(t_ti), m_bare_type_info(t_bare_ti),
         m_is_const(t_is_const), m_is_reference(t_is_reference), m_is_pointer(t_is_pointer),
         m_is_void(t_is_void), m_is_arithmetic(t_is_arithmetic),
         m_is_undef(false)
@@ -129,9 +128,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
   namespace detail
   {
-    /**
-     * Helper used to create a Type_Info object
-     */
+    /// Helper used to create a Type_Info object
     template<typename T>
       struct Get_Type_Info
       {

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP_
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include "../dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
-
 namespace chaiscript
 {
 

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP_
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ struct AST_Node;
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+
   /// Signature of module entry point that all binary loadable modules must implement.
   typedef ModulePtr (*Create_Module_Func)();
 
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 Comparison, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division, Modulus, Array_Call, Dot_Access, Quoted_String, Single_Quoted_String,
                 Lambda, Block, Def, While, If, For, Inline_Array, Inline_Map, Return, File, Prefix, Break, Continue, Map_Pair, Value_Range,
                 Inline_Range, Annotation, Try, Catch, Finally, Method, Attr_Decl, Shift, Equality, Bitwise_And, Bitwise_Xor, Bitwise_Or, 
-                Logical_And, Logical_Or, Reference, Switch, Case, Default, Ternary_Cond, Noop, Class
+                Logical_And, Logical_Or, Reference, Switch, Case, Default, Ternary_Cond, Noop, Class, Binary, Arg, Global_Decl
     };
   };
 
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                                     "Comparison", "Addition", "Subtraction", "Multiplication", "Division", "Modulus", "Array_Call", "Dot_Access", "Quoted_String", "Single_Quoted_String",
                                     "Lambda", "Block", "Def", "While", "If", "For", "Inline_Array", "Inline_Map", "Return", "File", "Prefix", "Break", "Continue", "Map_Pair", "Value_Range",
                                     "Inline_Range", "Annotation", "Try", "Catch", "Finally", "Method", "Attr_Decl", "Shift", "Equality", "Bitwise_And", "Bitwise_Xor", "Bitwise_Or", 
-                                    "Logical_And", "Logical_Or", "Reference", "Switch", "Case", "Default", "Ternary Condition", "Noop"};
+                                    "Logical_And", "Logical_Or", "Reference", "Switch", "Case", "Default", "Ternary Condition", "Noop", "Class", "Binary", "Arg"};
 
       return ast_node_types[ast_node_type];
     }
@@ -67,6 +68,31 @@ namespace chaiscript
     File_Position() : line(0), column(0) { }
   };
 
+  struct Parse_Location {
+    Parse_Location(std::string t_fname="", const int t_start_line=0, const int t_start_col=0,
+        const int t_end_line=0, const int t_end_col=0)
+      : start(t_start_line, t_start_col), 
+        end(t_end_line, t_end_col),
+        filename(std::make_shared<std::string>(std::move(t_fname)))
+    {
+    }
+
+    Parse_Location(std::shared_ptr<std::string> t_fname, const int t_start_line=0, const int t_start_col=0,
+        const int t_end_line=0, const int t_end_col=0)
+      : start(t_start_line, t_start_col), 
+        end(t_end_line, t_end_col),
+        filename(std::move(t_fname))
+    {
+    }
+
+
+
+    File_Position start;
+    File_Position end;
+    std::shared_ptr<std::string> filename;
+  };
+
+
   /// \brief Typedef for pointers to AST_Node objects. Used in building of the AST_Node tree
   typedef std::shared_ptr<AST_Node> AST_NodePtr;
   typedef std::shared_ptr<const AST_Node> AST_NodePtr_Const;
@@ -77,10 +103,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
   {
 
     /// Errors generated during parsing or evaluation
-    struct eval_error : public std::runtime_error {
+    struct eval_error : std::runtime_error {
       std::string reason;
       File_Position start_position;
-      File_Position end_position;
       std::string filename;
       std::string detail;
       std::vector<AST_NodePtr_Const> call_stack;
@@ -90,7 +115,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           bool t_dot_notation,
           const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
         std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss)),
-        reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), end_position(t_where), filename(t_fname), detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss)) 
+        reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname), detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss)) 
       {}
 
       eval_error(const std::string &t_why, 
@@ -104,7 +129,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
         std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname)),
-        reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), end_position(t_where), filename(t_fname)
+        reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname)
       {}
 
       eval_error(const std::string &t_why) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
@@ -112,25 +137,27 @@ namespace chaiscript
         reason(t_why) 
       {}
 
+      eval_error(const eval_error &) = default;
+
       std::string pretty_print() const
       {
         std::ostringstream ss;
 
         ss << what();
         if (call_stack.size() > 0) {
-          ss << "during evaluation at (" << fname(call_stack[0]) << " " << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ")" << std::endl;
-          ss << std::endl << detail << std::endl;
+          ss << "during evaluation at (" << fname(call_stack[0]) << " " << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ")\n";
+          ss << '\n' << detail << '\n';
           ss << "  " << fname(call_stack[0]) << " (" << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ") '" << pretty(call_stack[0]) << "'";
           for (size_t j = 1; j < call_stack.size(); ++j) {
             if (id(call_stack[j]) != chaiscript::AST_Node_Type::Block
                 && id(call_stack[j]) != chaiscript::AST_Node_Type::File)
             {
-              ss << std::endl;
+              ss << '\n';
               ss << "  from " << fname(call_stack[j]) << " (" << startpos(call_stack[j]) << ") '" << pretty(call_stack[j]) << "'";
             }
           }
         }
-        ss << std::endl;
+        ss << '\n';
         return ss.str();
       }
 
@@ -151,16 +178,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       template<typename T>
-        static std::string fname(const T& t)
+        static const std::string &fname(const T& t)
         {
-          return *t->filename;
+          return t->filename();
         }
 
       template<typename T>
         static std::string startpos(const T& t)
         {
           std::ostringstream oss;
-          oss << t->start.line << ", " << t->start.column;
+          oss << t->start().line << ", " << t->start().column;
           return oss.str();
         }
 
@@ -227,8 +254,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           if (f)
           {
-            std::shared_ptr<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function> dynfunguard 
-              = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(f);
+            auto dynfunguard = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(f);
             if (dynfunguard)
             {
               retval += " : " + format_guard(dynfunguard->get_parse_tree());
@@ -251,7 +277,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         static std::string format_location(const T &t)
         {
           std::ostringstream oss;
-          oss << "(" << *t->filename << " " << t->start.line << ", " << t->start.column << ")"; 
+          oss << "(" << t->filename() << " " << t->start().line << ", " << t->start().column << ")"; 
 
           return oss.str();
 
@@ -264,13 +290,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
         std::stringstream ss;
         if (t_functions.size() == 1)
         {
-          ss << "  Expected: " << format_types(t_functions[0], t_dot_notation, t_ss) << std::endl;
+          ss << "  Expected: " << format_types(t_functions[0], t_dot_notation, t_ss) << '\n';
         } else {
-          ss << "  " << t_functions.size() << " overloads available:" << std::endl;
+          ss << "  " << t_functions.size() << " overloads available:\n";
 
           for (const auto & t_function : t_functions)
           {
-            ss << "      " << format_types((t_function), t_dot_notation, t_ss) << std::endl;
+            ss << "      " << format_types((t_function), t_dot_notation, t_ss) << '\n';
           }
 
         }
@@ -390,11 +416,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
     /// Errors generated when loading a file
-    struct file_not_found_error : public std::runtime_error {
+    struct file_not_found_error : std::runtime_error {
       file_not_found_error(const std::string &t_filename) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
         : std::runtime_error("File Not Found: " + t_filename)
       { }
 
+      file_not_found_error(const file_not_found_error &) = default;
       virtual ~file_not_found_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
     };
 
@@ -404,13 +431,24 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// \brief Struct that doubles as both a parser ast_node and an AST node.
   struct AST_Node : std::enable_shared_from_this<AST_Node> {
     public:
-      const std::string text;
       const int identifier; //< \todo shouldn't this be a strongly typed enum value?
-      std::shared_ptr<const std::string> filename;
-      File_Position start, end;
+      const std::string text;
+      Parse_Location location;
       std::vector<AST_NodePtr> children;
       AST_NodePtr annotation;
 
+      const std::string &filename() const {
+        return *location.filename;
+      }
+
+      const File_Position &start() const {
+        return location.start;
+      }
+
+      const File_Position &end() const {
+        return location.end;
+      }
+
       virtual std::string pretty_print() const
       {
         std::ostringstream oss;
@@ -430,7 +468,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         std::ostringstream oss;
 
         oss << t_prepend << "(" << ast_node_type_to_string(this->identifier) << ") "
-            << this->text << " : " << this->start.line << ", " << this->start.column << std::endl;
+            << this->text << " : " << this->location.start.line << ", " << this->location.start.column << '\n';
 
         for (size_t j = 0; j < this->children.size(); ++j) {
           oss << this->children[j]->to_string(t_prepend + "  ");
@@ -448,25 +486,32 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
       }
 
+      static bool get_bool_condition(const Boxed_Value &t_bv) {
+        try {
+          return boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv);
+        }
+        catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+          throw exception::eval_error("Condition not boolean");
+        }
+      }
+
 
       void replace_child(const AST_NodePtr &t_child, const AST_NodePtr &t_new_child)
       {
         std::replace(children.begin(), children.end(), t_child, t_new_child);
       }
 
+      virtual ~AST_Node() {}
+
     protected:
-      AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, int t_id, const std::shared_ptr<std::string> &t_fname, 
-          int t_start_line, int t_start_col, int t_end_line, int t_end_col) :
-        text(std::move(t_ast_node_text)), identifier(t_id), filename(t_fname),
-        start(t_start_line, t_start_col), end(t_end_line, t_end_col)
+      AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, int t_id, Parse_Location t_loc, 
+               std::vector<AST_NodePtr> t_children = std::vector<AST_NodePtr>()) :
+        identifier(t_id), text(std::move(t_ast_node_text)),
+        location(std::move(t_loc)),
+        children(std::move(t_children))
       {
       }
 
-      AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, int t_id, const std::shared_ptr<std::string> &t_fname) :
-        text(std::move(t_ast_node_text)), identifier(t_id), filename(t_fname) {}
-
-      virtual ~AST_Node() {}
-
       virtual Boxed_Value eval_internal(chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &) const
       {
         throw std::runtime_error("Undispatched ast_node (internal error)");
@@ -474,8 +519,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     private:
       // Copy and assignment explicitly unimplemented
-      AST_Node(const AST_Node &);
-      AST_Node& operator=(const AST_Node &);
+      AST_Node(const AST_Node &) = delete;
+      AST_Node& operator=(const AST_Node &) = delete;
   };
 
 
@@ -483,12 +528,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
   {
     namespace detail
     {
-
       /// Special type for returned values
       struct Return_Value {
         Boxed_Value retval;
 
-        Return_Value(const Boxed_Value &t_return_value) : retval(t_return_value) { }
+        Return_Value(Boxed_Value t_return_value) : retval(std::move(t_return_value)) { }
       };
 
 

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_engine.hpp

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ENGINE_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_ENGINE_HPP_
 
 #include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <algorithm>
 #include <exception>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <functional>
@@ -18,7 +16,6 @@
 #include <mutex>
 #include <set>
 #include <stdexcept>
-#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
@@ -61,9 +58,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       }
 
-      virtual ~load_module_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-      }
+      load_module_error(const load_module_error &) = default;
+      virtual ~load_module_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
     };
   }
 
@@ -151,8 +147,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return std::string(t_str.begin(), t_str.end());
         }
 
-#ifdef _UNICODE
-      template<typename T>
+#if defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)
+        template<typename T>
         static std::wstring to_proper_string(const T &t_str)
         {
           return to_wstring(t_str);
@@ -167,11 +163,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       static std::string get_error_message(DWORD t_err)
       {
-#ifdef _UNICODE
-        typedef LPWSTR StringType;
+        typedef LPTSTR StringType;
+
+#if defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)
         std::wstring retval = L"Unknown Error";
 #else
-        typedef LPSTR StringType;
         std::string retval = "Unknown Error";
 #endif
         StringType lpMsgBuf = nullptr;
@@ -183,7 +179,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             NULL,
             t_err,
             MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
-            (StringType)&lpMsgBuf,
+            reinterpret_cast<StringType>(&lpMsgBuf),
             0, NULL ) != 0 && lpMsgBuf)
         {
           retval = lpMsgBuf;
@@ -265,8 +261,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
     std::map<std::string, detail::Loadable_Module_Ptr> m_loaded_modules;
     std::set<std::string> m_active_loaded_modules;
 
-    std::vector<std::string> m_modulepaths;
-    std::vector<std::string> m_usepaths;
+    std::vector<std::string> m_module_paths;
+    std::vector<std::string> m_use_paths;
 
     chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine m_engine;
 
@@ -277,7 +273,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         parser::ChaiScript_Parser parser;
         if (parser.parse(t_input, t_filename)) {
           //parser.show_match_stack();
-          return parser.ast()->eval(m_engine);
+          return parser.optimized_ast()->eval(m_engine);
         } else {
           return Boxed_Value();
         }
@@ -298,6 +294,25 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
     }
 
+    /// Evaluates the given file and looks in the 'use' paths
+    const Boxed_Value internal_eval_file(const std::string &t_filename) {
+      for (const auto &path : m_use_paths)
+      {
+        try {
+          const auto appendedpath = path + t_filename;
+          return do_eval(load_file(appendedpath), appendedpath, true);
+        } catch (const exception::file_not_found_error &) {
+          // failed to load, try the next path
+        } catch (const exception::eval_error &t_ee) {
+          throw Boxed_Value(t_ee);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // failed to load by any name
+      throw exception::file_not_found_error(t_filename);
+
+    }
+
 
 
     /// Evaluates the given string, used during eval() inside of a script
@@ -331,6 +346,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("true");
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("false");
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("class");
+      m_engine.add_reserved_word("attr");
+      m_engine.add_reserved_word("var");
+      m_engine.add_reserved_word("GLOBAL");
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("_");
 
       if (t_lib)
@@ -345,16 +363,24 @@ namespace chaiscript
       m_engine.add(fun(&chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine::function_exists, std::ref(m_engine)), "function_exists");
       m_engine.add(fun(&chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine::get_function_objects, std::ref(m_engine)), "get_functions");
       m_engine.add(fun(&chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine::get_scripting_objects, std::ref(m_engine)), "get_objects");
-      m_engine.add(Proxy_Function(new dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function(
+      m_engine.add(chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(
               [this](const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params) {
                 return m_engine.call_exists(t_params);
-              })), "call_exists");
-      m_engine.add(fun<Boxed_Value (const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &)>(std::bind(&chaiscript::dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::operator(), std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::ref(m_engine.conversions()))), "call");
+              }), "call_exists");
+
+//      m_engine.add(fun<Boxed_Value (const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &)>(std::bind(&chaiscript::dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::operator(), std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::ref(m_engine.conversions()))), "call");
+//
+      m_engine.add(fun<Boxed_Value (const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base &, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &)>(
+            [=](const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base &t_fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params) {
+              return t_fun(t_params, this->m_engine.conversions());
+            }), "call");
 
       m_engine.add(fun(&chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine::get_type_name, std::ref(m_engine)), "name");
 
       m_engine.add(fun(&chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine::get_type, std::ref(m_engine)), "type");
-      m_engine.add(fun<void (const Type_Info &, const Type_Info &, const std::function<Boxed_Value (const Boxed_Value &)> &)> ( 
+      m_engine.add(fun<chaiscript::Type_Info (const std::string &)>([this](const std::string &t_type_name){ return this->m_engine.get_type(t_type_name, true); }), "type");
+
+      m_engine.add(fun<void(const Type_Info &, const Type_Info &, const std::function<Boxed_Value(const Boxed_Value &)> &)>(
             [=](const Type_Info &t_from, const Type_Info &t_to, const std::function<Boxed_Value (const Boxed_Value &)> &t_func) {
               m_engine.add(chaiscript::type_conversion(t_from, t_to, t_func));
             }
@@ -368,13 +394,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
       m_engine.add(fun(static_cast<load_mod_2>(&ChaiScript::load_module), this), "load_module");
 
       m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::use, this), "use");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::internal_eval_file, this), "eval_file");
       m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::internal_eval, this), "eval");
       m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::internal_eval_ast, this), "eval");
 
-      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version_major, this), "version_major");
-      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version_minor, this), "version_minor");
-      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version_patch, this), "version_patch");
-      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version, this), "version");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version_major), "version_major");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version_minor), "version_minor");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version_patch), "version_patch");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version), "version");
 
       m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::add_global_const, this), "add_global_const");
       m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::add_global, this), "add_global");
@@ -414,16 +441,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
     ChaiScript(const ModulePtr &t_lib,
                std::vector<std::string> t_modulepaths = std::vector<std::string>(),
                       std::vector<std::string> t_usepaths = std::vector<std::string>())
-      : m_modulepaths(std::move(t_modulepaths)), m_usepaths(std::move(t_usepaths)) 
+      : m_module_paths(std::move(t_modulepaths)), m_use_paths(std::move(t_usepaths))
     {
-      if (m_modulepaths.empty())
+      if (m_module_paths.empty())
       {
-        m_modulepaths.push_back("");
+        m_module_paths.push_back("");
       }
 
-      if (m_usepaths.empty())
+      if (m_use_paths.empty())
       {
-        m_usepaths.push_back("");
+        m_use_paths.push_back("");
       }
 
       build_eval_system(t_lib);
@@ -438,16 +465,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \param[in] t_usepaths Vector of paths to search when attempting to "use" an included ChaiScript file
     ChaiScript( std::vector<std::string> t_modulepaths = std::vector<std::string>(),
                       std::vector<std::string> t_usepaths = std::vector<std::string>())
-      : m_modulepaths(std::move(t_modulepaths)), m_usepaths(std::move(t_usepaths)) 
+      : m_module_paths(std::move(t_modulepaths)), m_use_paths(std::move(t_usepaths))
     {
-      if (m_modulepaths.empty())
+      if (m_module_paths.empty())
       {
-        m_modulepaths.push_back("");
+        m_module_paths.push_back("");
       }
 
-      if (m_usepaths.empty())
+      if (m_use_paths.empty())
       {
-        m_usepaths.push_back("");
+        m_use_paths.push_back("");
       }
 
 #if defined(_POSIX_VERSION) && !defined(__CYGWIN__) 
@@ -456,7 +483,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       union cast_union
       {
-        void (ChaiScript::*in_ptr)(const std::string&);
+        Boxed_Value (ChaiScript::*in_ptr)(const std::string&);
         void *out_ptr;
       };
 
@@ -464,7 +491,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       memset( &rInfo, 0, sizeof(rInfo) ); 
       cast_union u;
       u.in_ptr = &ChaiScript::use;
-      if ( dladdr((void*)(u.out_ptr), &rInfo) && rInfo.dli_fname ) { 
+      if ( dladdr(static_cast<void*>(u.out_ptr), &rInfo) && rInfo.dli_fname ) { 
         std::string dllpath(rInfo.dli_fname);
         const size_t lastslash = dllpath.rfind('/');
         if (lastslash != std::string::npos)
@@ -480,7 +507,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           dllpath = std::string(&buf.front(), pathlen);
         }
 
-        m_modulepaths.insert(m_modulepaths.begin(), dllpath+"/");
+        m_module_paths.insert(m_module_paths.begin(), dllpath+"/");
       }
 #endif
 
@@ -491,22 +518,22 @@ namespace chaiscript
       build_eval_system(ModulePtr());
     }
 
-    int version_major() const
+    static int version_major()
     {
       return chaiscript::version_major;
     }
 
-    int version_minor() const
+    static int version_minor()
     {
       return chaiscript::version_minor;
     }
 
-    int version_patch() const
+    static int version_patch()
     {
       return chaiscript::version_patch;
     }
 
-    std::string version() const
+    static std::string version()
     {
       std::stringstream ss;
       ss << version_major() << "." << version_minor() << "." << version_patch();
@@ -530,9 +557,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// requested file.
     ///
     /// \param[in] t_filename Filename to load and evaluate
-    void use(const std::string &t_filename)
+    Boxed_Value use(const std::string &t_filename)
     {
-      for (const auto &path : m_usepaths)
+      for (const auto &path : m_use_paths)
       {
         try {
           const auto appendedpath = path + t_filename;
@@ -540,15 +567,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
           chaiscript::detail::threading::unique_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::recursive_mutex> l(m_use_mutex);
           chaiscript::detail::threading::unique_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l2(m_mutex);
 
+          Boxed_Value retval;
+
           if (m_used_files.count(appendedpath) == 0)
           {
             l2.unlock();
-            eval_file(appendedpath);
+            retval = eval_file(appendedpath);
             l2.lock();
             m_used_files.insert(appendedpath);
-           }
+          }
 
-          return; // return, we loaded it, or it was already loaded
+          return retval; // return, we loaded it, or it was already loaded
         } catch (const exception::file_not_found_error &) {
           // failed to load, try the next path
         }
@@ -581,6 +610,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
     }
 
     /// \brief Represents the current state of the ChaiScript system. State and be saved and restored
+    /// \warning State object does not contain the user defined type conversions of the engine. They
+    ///          are left out due to performance considerations involved in tracking the state
     /// \sa ChaiScript::get_state
     /// \sa ChaiScript::set_state
     struct State
@@ -603,7 +634,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
     /// chaiscript::ChaiScript::State s = chai.get_state(); // represents bootstrapped initial state
     /// \endcode
-    State get_state()
+    State get_state() const
     {
       chaiscript::detail::threading::lock_guard<chaiscript::detail::threading::recursive_mutex> l(m_use_mutex);
       chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l2(m_mutex);
@@ -706,7 +737,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \param[in] t_module_name Name of the module to load
     ///
     /// The module is searched for in the registered module path folders (chaiscript::ChaiScript::ChaiScript)
-    /// and with standard prefixes and postfixes: ("lib"|"")\<t_module_name\>(".dll"|".so"|"").
+    /// and with standard prefixes and postfixes: ("lib"|"")\<t_module_name\>(".dll"|".so"|".bundle"|"").
     ///
     /// Once the file is located, the system looks for the symbol "create_chaiscript_module_\<t_module_name\>".
     /// If no file can be found matching the search criteria and containing the appropriate entry point 
@@ -725,9 +756,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       std::vector<std::string> prefixes{"lib", "cyg", ""};
 
-      std::vector<std::string> postfixes{".dll", ".so", ""};
+      std::vector<std::string> postfixes{".dll", ".so", ".bundle", ""};
 
-      for (auto & elem : m_modulepaths) 
+      for (auto & elem : m_module_paths)
       {
         for (auto & prefix : prefixes)
         {
@@ -735,11 +766,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
           {
             try {
               const auto name = elem + prefix + t_module_name + postfix;
-              // std::cerr << "trying location: " << name << std::endl;
+              // std::cerr << "trying location: " << name << '\n';
               load_module(version_stripped_name, name);
               return name;
             } catch (const chaiscript::exception::load_module_error &e) {
-              // std::cerr << "error: " << e.what() << std::endl;
+              // std::cerr << "error: " << e.what() << '\n';
               errors.push_back(e);
               // Try next set
             }

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.chai

@@ -38,7 +38,24 @@ def eq(l, r) {
 
 def new(x) { 
   eval(type_name(x))(); 
-} 
+}
+
+def clone(double x) {
+  double(x).copy_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+def clone(string x) {
+  string(x).copy_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+def clone(vector x) {
+  vector(x).copy_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+
+def clone(int x) {
+  int(x).copy_var_attrs(x)
+}
 
 def clone(x) : function_exists(type_name(x)) && call_exists(eval(type_name(x)), x)
 {
@@ -455,37 +472,37 @@ def zip(x, y) {
 
 
 # Returns the position of the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find(substr) : is_type(substr, "string") { 
+def string::find(string substr) { 
   find(this, substr, size_t(0)); 
 }
 
 
 # Returns the position of last match of the second value string in the first value string
-def string::rfind(substr) : is_type(substr, "string") { 
+def string::rfind(string substr) { 
   rfind(this, substr, size_t(-1)); 
 }
 
 
 # Returns the position of the first match of elements in the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find_first_of(list) : is_type(list, "string") { 
+def string::find_first_of(string list) { 
   find_first_of(this, list, size_t(0)); 
 } 
 
 
 # Returns the position of the last match of elements in the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find_last_of(list) : is_type(list, "string") { 
+def string::find_last_of(string list) {
   find_last_of(this, list, size_t(-1)); 
 } 
 
 
 # Returns the position of the first non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find_first_not_of(list) : is_type(list, "string") { 
+def string::find_first_not_of(string list) { 
   find_first_not_of(this, list, size_t(0)); 
 } 
 
 
 # Returns the position of the last non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find_last_not_of(list) : is_type(list, "string") { 
+def string::find_last_not_of(string list) { 
   find_last_not_of(this, list, size_t(-1)); 
 } 
 
@@ -505,7 +522,7 @@ def string::trim() {
 }
 
 
-def find(container, value, compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) && is_type(compare_func, "Function") { 
+def find(container, value, Function compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
   auto range := range(container); 
   while (!range.empty()) { 
     if (compare_func(range.front(), value)) { 

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude_docs.hpp

@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ class Range
 
     /// \brief Moves the front pointer forward one
     /// 
-    /// \post front() returne the element at front() + 1;
+    /// \post front() returns the element at front() + 1;
     void pop_front();
 
 };
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ class Const_Range
 
     /// \brief Moves the front pointer forward one
     /// 
-    /// \post front() returne the element at front() + 1;
+    /// \post front() returns the element at front() + 1;
     void pop_front();
 
 };

include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_UTILITY_HPP_
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
     ///      { {fun(&test::function), "function"},
     ///        {fun(&test::function2), "function2"},
     ///        {fun(&test::function3), "function3"},
-    ///        {fun(static_cast<std::string(test::*)(double)>(&test::functionoverload)), "functionoverload" },
-    ///        {fun(static_cast<std::string(test::*)(int)>(&test::functionoverload)), "functionoverload" },
+    ///        {fun(static_cast<std::string(test::*)(double)>(&test::function_overload)), "function_overload" },
+    ///        {fun(static_cast<std::string(test::*)(int)>(&test::function_overload)), "function_overload" },
     ///        {fun(static_cast<test & (test::*)(const test &)>(&test::operator=)), "=" }
     ///        }
     ///      );

license.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright 2009-2014 Jason Turner
+Copyright 2009-2015 Jason Turner
 Copyright 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner. 
 
 All Rights Reserved.

readme.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ChaiScript
 http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 (c) 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner
-(c) 2009-2014 Jason Turner
+(c) 2009-2015 Jason Turner
 
 Release under the BSD license, see "license.txt" for details.
 
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ Release under the BSD license, see "license.txt" for details.
 Introduction
 ============
 
+[![Gitter](https://badges.gitter.im/Join Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/ChaiScript/ChaiScript?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
+
 ChaiScript is one of the only embedded scripting language designed from the 
 ground up to directly target C++ and take advantage of modern C++ development 
 techniques, working with the developer like he expects it to work.  Being a 
@@ -33,9 +35,10 @@ Requirements
 ============
 
 ChaiScript requires a C++11 compiler to build with support for variadic 
-templates.  It has been tested with gcc 4.7 and clang 3.1 (with libcxx). MacOS 
+templates.  It has been tested with gcc 4.6 and clang 3.1 (with libcxx). MacOS 
 10.8 (Mountain Lion) is also known to support the C++11 build with Apple's 
-clang 4.0.
+clang 4.0. MSVC 2013 or newer is supports also. For more information see the build 
+[dashboard](http://chaiscript.com/ChaiScript-BuildResults/index.html).
 
 Usage
 =====

releasenotes.md

@@ -1,6 +1,59 @@
 Notes:
 =======
-Current Version: 5.5.0
+Current Version: 5.7.0
+
+### Changes since 5.6.0
+
+* Significant code cleanups and reduction
+* Smaller builds
+* Faster compiles
+* Less runtime memory usage
+* ~2x faster runtimes
+* biicode support
+* method_missing feature added #164 @arBmind
+* Generic objects with dynamic properties support
+* Add ability to call functions contained in properties
+* Add lambda captures
+* Create [cheatsheet.md](cheatsheet.md) for all-in-one reference of features
+* Fix support for libc++
+* Eliminate clone of return value stored locally
+* Eliminate 'return' statements when last line of function
+* Reduce number of runtime exceptions occuring
+* Reduce copies / moves of return values. 
+* make `use` statement return value of last statement in file
+* Add ability to access fixed array sizes
+* Add support for scientific notation floating point literals #174  @totalgee
+
+
+### Changes since 5.5.1
+* Throw exception on integer divide by 0
+* Add optional type specification to function declarations
+   
+  ```
+  def func(int i, j, double k) {
+    // i must be an int.
+    // j can be anything
+    // k must be a double
+    // normal conversion rules still apply
+  }
+   ```
+* Many minor fixes for compiler warnings
+* Add support for `std::future` and `std::async`
+  ```
+  var f := async(someFunction);
+  var f2 := async(someFunction2);
+
+  // someFunction and someFunction2 are running in parallel now
+  f.get();
+  f2.get();
+  ```
+* Fully support r-value returns, supporting move-only objects and reducing object copies
+
+
+### Changes since 5.5.0
+* 30% performance increase
+* Fix handling of object stack, resulting in greatly reduced memory usage
+* Code cleanups
 
 ### Changes since 5.4.0
 * 2x performance increase

samples/example.cpp

@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@
 
 void log(const std::string &msg)
 {
-  std::cout << "[" << time(nullptr) << "] " << msg << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "[" << time(nullptr) << "] " << msg << '\n';
 }
 
 void log(const std::string &module, const std::string &msg)
 {
-  std::cout << "[" << time(nullptr) << "] <" << module << "> " << msg << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "[" << time(nullptr) << "] <" << module << "> " << msg << '\n';
 }
 
 void bound_log(const std::string &msg)
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ void bound_log(const std::string &msg)
 
 void hello_world(const chaiscript::Boxed_Value & /*o*/)
 {
-  std::cout << "Hello World" << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "Hello World\n";
 }
 
 void hello_constructor(const chaiscript::Boxed_Value & /*o*/)
 {
-  std::cout << "Hello Constructor" << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "Hello Constructor\n";
 }
 
 
@@ -62,20 +62,21 @@ struct System
 
 void take_shared_ptr(const std::shared_ptr<const std::string> &p)
 {
-  std::cout << *p << std::endl;
+  std::cout << *p << '\n';
 }
 
 int main(int /*argc*/, char * /*argv*/[]) {
   using namespace chaiscript;
 
   ChaiScript chai;
+  
 
   //Create a new system object and share it with the chaiscript engine
   System system;
   chai.add(var(&system), "system");
 
   //Add a bound callback method
-  chai.add(fun(&System::add_callback, system), "add_callback_bound");
+  chai.add(fun(&System::add_callback, std::ref(system)), "add_callback_bound");
 
   //Register the two methods of the System structure.
   chai.add(fun(&System::add_callback), "add_callback");
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ int main(int /*argc*/, char * /*argv*/[]) {
   //the templated version of eval:
   int i = chai.eval<int>("5+5");
 
-  std::cout << "5+5: " << i << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "5+5: " << i << '\n';
 
   //Add a new variable
   chai("var scripti = 15");
@@ -130,9 +131,9 @@ int main(int /*argc*/, char * /*argv*/[]) {
   //We can even get a handle to the variables in the system
   int &scripti = chai.eval<int &>("scripti");
 
-  std::cout << "scripti: " << scripti << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "scripti: " << scripti << '\n';
   scripti *= 2;
-  std::cout << "scripti (updated): " << scripti << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "scripti (updated): " << scripti << '\n';
   chai("print(\"Scripti from chai: \" + to_string(scripti))");
 
   //To do: Add examples of handling Boxed_Values directly when needed

samples/fun_call_performance.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+for (var i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+  puts(helloWorld("Bob12345"))
+}
+

samples/fun_call_performance.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,405 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <list>
+#include <regex>
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#endif
+
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
+
+#ifdef READLINE_AVAILABLE
+#include <readline/readline.h>
+#include <readline/history.h>
+#else
+
+char *mystrdup(const char *s) {
+  size_t len = strlen(s); // Space for length plus nul
+  char *d = static_cast<char*>(malloc(len + 1));
+  if (d == nullptr) return nullptr;          // No memory
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+  strcpy_s(d, len + 1, s);                        // Copy the characters
+#else
+  strncpy(d, s, len);                        // Copy the characters
+#endif
+  d[len] = '\0';
+  return d;                            // Return the new string
+}
+
+char* readline(const char* p)
+{
+  std::string retval;
+  std::cout << p;
+  std::getline(std::cin, retval);
+  return std::cin.eof() ? nullptr : mystrdup(retval.c_str());
+}
+
+
+void add_history(const char*){}
+void using_history(){}
+#endif
+
+
+
+void *cast_module_symbol(std::vector<std::string>(*t_path)())
+{
+  union cast_union
+  {
+    std::vector<std::string>(*in_ptr)();
+    void *out_ptr;
+  };
+
+  cast_union c;
+  c.in_ptr = t_path;
+  return c.out_ptr;
+}
+
+std::vector<std::string> default_search_paths()
+{
+  std::vector<std::string> paths;
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_WINDOWS  // force no unicode
+  CHAR path[4096];
+  int size = GetModuleFileNameA(0, path, sizeof(path) - 1);
+
+  std::string exepath(path, size);
+
+  size_t lastslash = exepath.rfind('\\');
+  size_t secondtolastslash = exepath.rfind('\\', lastslash - 1);
+  if (lastslash != std::string::npos)
+  {
+    paths.push_back(exepath.substr(0, lastslash));
+  }
+
+  if (secondtolastslash != std::string::npos)
+  {
+    return{ exepath.substr(0, secondtolastslash) + "\\lib\\chaiscript\\" };
+  }
+#else
+
+  std::string exepath;
+
+  std::vector<char> buf(2048);
+  ssize_t size = -1;
+
+  if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/exe", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+  {
+    exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+  }
+
+  if (exepath.empty())
+  {
+    if ((size = readlink("/proc/curproc/file", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+    {
+      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (exepath.empty())
+  {
+    if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/path/a.out", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+    {
+      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (exepath.empty())
+  {
+    Dl_info rInfo;
+    memset(&rInfo, 0, sizeof(rInfo));
+    if (!dladdr(cast_module_symbol(&default_search_paths), &rInfo) || !rInfo.dli_fname) {
+      return paths;
+    }
+
+    exepath = std::string(rInfo.dli_fname);
+  }
+
+  size_t lastslash = exepath.rfind('/');
+
+  size_t secondtolastslash = exepath.rfind('/', lastslash - 1);
+  if (lastslash != std::string::npos)
+  {
+    paths.push_back(exepath.substr(0, lastslash));
+  }
+
+  if (secondtolastslash != std::string::npos)
+  {
+    paths.push_back(exepath.substr(0, secondtolastslash) + "/lib/chaiscript/");
+  }
+#endif
+
+  return paths;
+}
+
+void help(int n) {
+  if (n >= 0) {
+    std::cout << "ChaiScript evaluator.  To evaluate an expression, type it and press <enter>." << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Additionally, you can inspect the runtime system using:" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "  dump_system() - outputs all functions registered to the system" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "  dump_object(x) - dumps information about the given symbol" << std::endl;
+  }
+  else {
+    std::cout << "usage : chai [option]+" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "option:" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "   -h | --help" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "   -i | --interactive" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "   -c | --command cmd" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "   -v | --version" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "   -    --stdin" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "   filepath" << std::endl;
+  }
+}
+
+std::string helloWorld(const std::string &t_name)
+{
+  return "Hello " + t_name + "!";
+}
+
+bool throws_exception(const std::function<void()> &f)
+{
+  try {
+    f();
+  }
+  catch (...) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+chaiscript::exception::eval_error get_eval_error(const std::function<void()> &f)
+{
+  try {
+    f();
+  }
+  catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &e) {
+    return e;
+  }
+
+  throw std::runtime_error("no exception throw");
+}
+
+std::string get_next_command() {
+  std::string retval("quit");
+  if (!std::cin.eof()) {
+    char *input_raw = readline("eval> ");
+    if (input_raw) {
+      add_history(input_raw);
+
+      std::string val(input_raw);
+      size_t pos = val.find_first_not_of("\t \n");
+      if (pos != std::string::npos)
+      {
+        val.erase(0, pos);
+      }
+      pos = val.find_last_not_of("\t \n");
+      if (pos != std::string::npos)
+      {
+        val.erase(pos + 1, std::string::npos);
+      }
+
+      retval = val;
+
+      ::free(input_raw);
+    }
+  }
+  if (retval == "quit"
+      || retval == "exit"
+      || retval == "help"
+      || retval == "version")
+  {
+    retval += "(0)";
+  }
+  return retval;
+}
+
+// We have to wrap exit with our own because Clang has a hard time with
+// function pointers to functions with special attributes (system exit being marked NORETURN)
+void myexit(int return_val) {
+  exit(return_val);
+}
+
+void interactive(chaiscript::ChaiScript& chai)
+{
+  using_history();
+
+  for (;;) {
+    std::string input = get_next_command();
+    try {
+      // evaluate input
+      chaiscript::Boxed_Value val = chai.eval(input);
+
+      //Then, we try to print the result of the evaluation to the user
+      if (!val.get_type_info().bare_equal(chaiscript::user_type<void>())) {
+        try {
+          std::cout << chai.eval<std::function<std::string(const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &bv)> >("to_string")(val) << std::endl;
+        }
+        catch (...) {} //If we can't, do nothing
+      }
+    }
+    catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &ee) {
+      std::cout << ee.what();
+      if (ee.call_stack.size() > 0) {
+        std::cout << "during evaluation at (" << ee.call_stack[0]->start().line << ", " << ee.call_stack[0]->start().column << ")";
+      }
+      std::cout << std::endl;
+    }
+    catch (const std::exception &e) {
+      std::cout << e.what();
+      std::cout << std::endl;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+
+  // Disable deprecation warning for getenv call.
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4996)
+#endif
+
+  const char *usepath = getenv("CHAI_USE_PATH");
+  const char *modulepath = getenv("CHAI_MODULE_PATH");
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+  std::vector<std::string> usepaths;
+  usepaths.push_back("");
+  if (usepath)
+  {
+    usepaths.push_back(usepath);
+  }
+
+  std::vector<std::string> modulepaths;
+  std::vector<std::string> searchpaths = default_search_paths();
+  modulepaths.insert(modulepaths.end(), searchpaths.begin(), searchpaths.end());
+  modulepaths.push_back("");
+  if (modulepath)
+  {
+    modulepaths.push_back(modulepath);
+  }
+
+  //chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(modulepaths, usepaths);
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library(), usepaths);
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myexit), "exit");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myexit), "quit");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&help), "help");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&throws_exception), "throws_exception");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&get_eval_error), "get_eval_error");
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&helloWorld), "helloWorld");
+
+  clock_t begin = clock();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
+  {
+    std::string str = helloWorld("Bob12345");
+    fwrite(str.c_str(), 1, str.size(), stdout);
+  }
+
+  clock_t end = clock();
+  double elapsed_secs = double(end - begin) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
+
+  //begin = clock();
+
+  ////for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
+  ////{
+  ////	chai.eval("puts(helloWorld(\"Bob12345\"));");
+  ////}
+  //chai.eval_file("E:\\C++\\ChaiScript - 5.4.0\\samples\forx.chai");
+
+  //end = clock();
+  //elapsed_secs = double(end - begin) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
+  //printf("**MyProgram::time= %lf\n", elapsed_secs);
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
+    if (i == 0 && argc > 1) {
+      ++i;
+    }
+
+    std::string arg(i ? argv[i] : "--interactive");
+
+    enum {
+      eInteractive
+        , eCommand
+        , eFile
+    } mode = eCommand;
+
+    if (arg == "-c" || arg == "--command") {
+      if ((i + 1) >= argc) {
+        std::cout << "insufficient input following " << arg << std::endl;
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+      }
+      else {
+        arg = argv[++i];
+      }
+    }
+    else if (arg == "-" || arg == "--stdin") {
+      arg = "";
+      std::string line;
+      while (std::getline(std::cin, line)) {
+        arg += line + '\n';
+      }
+    }
+    else if (arg == "-v" || arg == "--version") {
+      arg = "version()";
+    }
+    else if (arg == "-h" || arg == "--help") {
+      arg = "help(-1)";
+    }
+    else if (arg == "-i" || arg == "--interactive") {
+      mode = eInteractive;
+    }
+    else if (arg.find('-') == 0) {
+      std::cout << "unrecognised argument " << arg << std::endl;
+      return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    else {
+      mode = eFile;
+    }
+
+    chaiscript::Boxed_Value val;
+    try {
+      switch (mode) {
+        case eInteractive: interactive(chai); break;
+        case eCommand: val = chai.eval(arg); break;
+        case eFile: {
+                      begin = clock();
+
+                      val = chai.eval_file(arg);
+
+                      end = clock();
+                      double elapsed_secs1 = double(end - begin) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
+                      printf("**C++::time= %.10f\n", elapsed_secs);
+                      printf("**ChaiScript::time= %.10f\n", elapsed_secs1);
+                      break;
+                    }
+
+      }
+    }
+    catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &ee) {
+      std::cout << ee.pretty_print();
+      std::cout << std::endl;
+      return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    catch (std::exception &e) {
+      std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
+      return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+

samples/inheritance.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ class BaseClass
     {
     }
 
+    BaseClass(const BaseClass &) = default;
+
     virtual ~BaseClass() {}
 
     virtual std::string doSomething(float, double) const = 0;

samples/memory_leak_test.cpp

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class test
       chaiscript::Boxed_Value val = chai.eval_file(sFile);
     }
     catch (std::exception &e) {
-      std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
+      std::cout << e.what() << '\n';
     }
   }
 

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #include <iostream>
 #include <list>
 #include <regex>
 
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#endif
+
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
 
 #ifdef READLINE_AVAILABLE
@@ -18,10 +21,10 @@
 
 char *mystrdup (const char *s) {
   size_t len = strlen(s); // Space for length plus nul
-  char *d = static_cast<char*>(malloc (len+1));   
+  char *d = static_cast<char*>(malloc (len+1));
   if (d == nullptr) return nullptr;          // No memory
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
-  strcpy_s(d, len, s);                        // Copy the characters
+  strcpy_s(d, len+1, s);                        // Copy the characters
 #else
   strncpy(d,s,len);                        // Copy the characters
 #endif
@@ -136,26 +139,22 @@ std::vector<std::string> default_search_paths()
 
 void help(int n) {
   if ( n >= 0 ) {
-    std::cout << "ChaiScript evaluator.  To evaluate an expression, type it and press <enter>." << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "Additionally, you can inspect the runtime system using:" << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "  dump_system() - outputs all functions registered to the system" << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "  dump_object(x) - dumps information about the given symbol" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "ChaiScript evaluator.  To evaluate an expression, type it and press <enter>.\n";
+    std::cout << "Additionally, you can inspect the runtime system using:\n";
+    std::cout << "  dump_system() - outputs all functions registered to the system\n";
+    std::cout << "  dump_object(x) - dumps information about the given symbol\n";
   } else {
-    std::cout << "usage : chai [option]+" << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "option:"                << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "   -h | --help"         << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "   -i | --interactive"  << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "   -c | --command cmd"  << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "   -v | --version"      << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "   -    --stdin"        << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "   filepath"            << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "usage : chai [option]+\n";
+    std::cout << "option:"                << '\n';
+    std::cout << "   -h | --help"         << '\n';
+    std::cout << "   -i | --interactive"  << '\n';
+    std::cout << "   -c | --command cmd"  << '\n';
+    std::cout << "   -v | --version"      << '\n';
+    std::cout << "   -    --stdin"        << '\n';
+    std::cout << "   filepath"            << '\n';
   }
 }
 
-void version(int){
-  std::cout << "chai: compiled " << __TIME__ << " " << __DATE__ << std::endl;
-}
-
 bool throws_exception(const std::function<void ()> &f)
 {
   try {
@@ -231,7 +230,7 @@ void interactive(chaiscript::ChaiScript& chai)
       //Then, we try to print the result of the evaluation to the user
       if (!val.get_type_info().bare_equal(chaiscript::user_type<void>())) {
         try {
-          std::cout << chai.eval<std::function<std::string (const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &bv)> >("to_string")(val) << std::endl;
+          std::cout << chai.eval<std::function<std::string (const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &bv)> >("to_string")(val) << '\n';
         }
         catch (...) {} //If we can't, do nothing
       }
@@ -239,17 +238,24 @@ void interactive(chaiscript::ChaiScript& chai)
     catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &ee) {
       std::cout << ee.what();
       if (ee.call_stack.size() > 0) {
-        std::cout << "during evaluation at (" << ee.call_stack[0]->start.line << ", " << ee.call_stack[0]->start.column << ")";
+        std::cout << "during evaluation at (" << ee.call_stack[0]->start().line << ", " << ee.call_stack[0]->start().column << ")";
       }
-      std::cout << std::endl;
+      std::cout << '\n';
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e) {
       std::cout << e.what();
-      std::cout << std::endl;
+      std::cout << '\n';
     }
   }
 }
 
+double now()
+{
+  using namespace std::chrono;
+  auto now = high_resolution_clock::now();
+  return duration_cast<duration<double>>(now.time_since_epoch()).count();
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 
@@ -287,9 +293,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myexit), "exit");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&myexit), "quit");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&help), "help");
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&version), "version");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&throws_exception), "throws_exception");
   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&get_eval_error), "get_eval_error");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&now), "now");
+
 
   for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
     if ( i == 0 && argc > 1 ) {
@@ -305,7 +312,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
     if  ( arg == "-c" || arg == "--command" ) {
       if ( (i+1) >= argc ) {
-        std::cout << "insufficient input following " << arg << std::endl;
+        std::cout << "insufficient input following " << arg << '\n';
         return EXIT_FAILURE;
       } else {
         arg = argv[++i];
@@ -317,13 +324,13 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         arg += line + '\n' ;
       }
     } else if ( arg == "-v" || arg == "--version" ) {
-      arg = "version(0)" ;
+      arg = "version()" ;
     } else if ( arg == "-h" || arg == "--help" ) {
       arg = "help(-1)";
     } else if ( arg == "-i" || arg == "--interactive" ) {
       mode = eInteractive ;
     } else if ( arg.find('-') == 0 ) {
-      std::cout << "unrecognised argument " << arg << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "unrecognised argument " << arg << '\n';
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
     } else {
       mode = eFile;
@@ -332,19 +339,23 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     chaiscript::Boxed_Value val ;
     try {
       switch ( mode ) {
-        case eInteractive : interactive(chai); break;
-        case eCommand     : val = chai.eval(arg); break;
-        case eFile        : val = chai.eval_file(arg); break;
-        default           : std::cout << "Unrecognized execution mode" << std::endl; return EXIT_FAILURE;
+        case eInteractive:
+          interactive(chai);
+          break;
+        case eCommand:
+          val = chai.eval(arg);
+          break;
+        case eFile:
+          val = chai.eval_file(arg);
       }
     }
     catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &ee) {
       std::cout << ee.pretty_print();
-      std::cout << std::endl;
+      std::cout << '\n';
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
     }
     catch (std::exception &e) {
-      std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
+      std::cout << e.what() << '\n';
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
     }
   }

src/stl_extra.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2014, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>

src/test_module.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp>
 #include <string>
 
 
@@ -7,9 +8,19 @@
 class TestBaseType
 {
   public:
-    TestBaseType() : val(10), const_val(15) { }
-    TestBaseType(int) : val(10), const_val(15) {}
-    TestBaseType(int *) : val(10), const_val(15) {}
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4351)
+#endif
+    // MSVC 12 warns that we are using new (correct) behavior 
+    TestBaseType() : val(10), const_val(15), mdarray{} { }
+    TestBaseType(int) : val(10), const_val(15), mdarray{} { }
+    TestBaseType(int *) : val(10), const_val(15), mdarray{} { }
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif    
+    
+    TestBaseType(const TestBaseType &) = default;
     virtual ~TestBaseType() {}
     virtual int func() { return 0; }
 
@@ -20,8 +31,11 @@ class TestBaseType
     int val;
     const int const_val;
 
+    int mdarray[2][3][5];
+    std::function<int (int)> func_member;
+
   private:
-    TestBaseType &operator=(const TestBaseType &);
+    TestBaseType &operator=(const TestBaseType &) = delete;
 };
 
 class Type2
@@ -62,16 +76,20 @@ class TestDerivedType : public TestBaseType
 {
   public:
     virtual ~TestDerivedType() {}
+    TestDerivedType(const TestDerivedType &) = default;
+    TestDerivedType() = default;
     virtual int func() CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE { return 1; }
     int derived_only_func() { return 19; }
 
   private:
-    TestDerivedType &operator=(const TestDerivedType &);
+    TestDerivedType &operator=(const TestDerivedType &) = delete;
 };
 
 class TestMoreDerivedType : public TestDerivedType
 {
   public:
+    TestMoreDerivedType(const TestMoreDerivedType &) = default;
+    TestMoreDerivedType() = default;
     virtual ~TestMoreDerivedType() {}
 };
 
@@ -95,9 +113,11 @@ std::string hello_world()
   return "Hello World";
 }
 
+static int global_i = 1;
+
 int *get_new_int()
 {
-  return new int(1);
+  return &global_i;
 }
 
 // MSVC doesn't like that we are using C++ return types from our C declared module
@@ -152,6 +172,19 @@ CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT  chaiscript::ModulePtr create_chaiscript_module_test_mo
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::const_val), "const_val");
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::base_only_func), "base_only_func");
 
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
+  // we cannot support these in MSVC_12 because of a bug in the implementation of
+  // std::reference_wrapper
+  // Array types
+  m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::mdarray), "mdarray");
+  m->add(chaiscript::bootstrap::array<int[2][3][5]>("IntArray_2_3_5"));
+  m->add(chaiscript::bootstrap::array<int[3][5]>("IntArray_3_5"));
+  m->add(chaiscript::bootstrap::array<int[5]>("IntArray_5"));
+  // end array types
+#endif
+
+  // member that is a function
+  m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::func_member), "func_member");
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&get_new_int), "get_new_int");
 
 

unittests/arithmetic_conversions_test.cpp

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-// Tests to make sure that type conversions happen only when they should
-
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-
-void f1(int)
-{
-}
-
-void f4(std::string)
-{
-}
-
-void f2(int)
-{
-}
-
-void f3(double)
-{
-}
-
-void f_func_return(const std::function<unsigned int (unsigned long)> &f)
-{
-  // test the ability to return an unsigned with auto conversion
-  f(4);
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&f1), "f1");
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&f2), "f2");
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&f3), "f2");
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&f1), "f3");
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&f4), "f3");
-
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&f_func_return), "func_return");
-
-  // no overloads
-  chai.eval("f1(0)");
-  chai.eval("f1(0l)");
-  chai.eval("f1(0ul)");
-  chai.eval("f1(0ll)");
-  chai.eval("f1(0ull)");
-  chai.eval("f1(0.0)");
-  chai.eval("f1(0.0f)");
-  chai.eval("f1(0.0l)");
-
-  // expected overloads
-  chai.eval("f2(1)");
-  chai.eval("f2(1.0)");
-
-  // 1 non-arithmetic overload
-  chai.eval("f2(1.0)");
-
-  // various options for returning with conversions from chaiscript
-  chai.eval("func_return(fun(x) { return 5u; })");
-  chai.eval("func_return(fun(x) { return 5; })");
-  chai.eval("func_return(fun(x) { return 5.0f; })");
-
-  // this is the one call we expect to fail, ambiguous overloads
-  try {
-    chai.eval("f2(1.0l)");
-  } catch (const std::exception &) {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-  }
-
-  // if the last one did not throw, we failed
-  return EXIT_FAILURE;
-}

unittests/array_types.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+load_module("test_module")
+
+auto t0 = TestBaseType()
+
+assert_true(t0.mdarray.size() == 2)
+assert_true(t0.mdarray[0].size() == 3)
+assert_true(t0.mdarray[0][0].size() == 5)
+
+t0.mdarray[1][2][4] = 15;
+
+assert_true(t0.mdarray[1][2][4] == 15)
+

unittests/boxed_cast_test.cpp

@@ -15,16 +15,16 @@ bool run_test_type_conversion(const Boxed_Value &bv, bool expectedpass)
     use(ret);
   } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &/*e*/) {
     if (expectedpass) {
-//      std::cerr << "Failure in run_test_type_conversion: " << e.what() << std::endl;
+//      std::cerr << "Failure in run_test_type_conversion: " << e.what() << '\n';
       return false;
     } else {
       return true;
     }
   } catch (const std::exception &e) {
-    std::cerr << "Unexpected standard exception when attempting cast_conversion: " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    std::cerr << "Unexpected standard exception when attempting cast_conversion: " << e.what() << '\n';
     return false;
   } catch (...) {
-    std::cerr << "Unexpected unknown exception when attempting cast_conversion." << std::endl;
+    std::cerr << "Unexpected unknown exception when attempting cast_conversion.\n";
     return false;
   }
  
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ bool test_type_conversion(const Boxed_Value &bv, bool expectedpass)
       << (bv.is_const()?(std::string("const ")):(std::string())) << bv.get_type_info().name() 
       << " To: "  
       << (std::is_const<To>::value?(std::string("const ")):(std::string())) << typeid(To).name() 
-      << " test was expected to " << ((expectedpass)?(std::string("succeed")):(std::string("fail"))) << " but did not" << std::endl;
+      << " test was expected to " << ((expectedpass)?(std::string("succeed")):(std::string("fail"))) << " but did not\n";
   }
 
   return ret;
@@ -117,37 +117,37 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, true, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(i), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                       ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(&i), true, true, true, true, true, 
                                  true, true, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, true, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(&i), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && false, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(std::ref(i)), true, true, true, true, true, 
                                  true, true, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, true, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(std::cref(i)), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   /** Const Reference Variable tests */
 
@@ -158,33 +158,33 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, true, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   // But a pointer or reference to it should be necessarily const
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(&ir), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(std::ref(ir)), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   // Make sure const of const works too
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(&ir), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(std::ref(ir)), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   /** Const Reference Variable tests */
 
@@ -194,14 +194,14 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   // make sure const of const works
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(cip), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
                                  false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   /** shared_ptr tests **/
 
@@ -211,13 +211,13 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
-                                 ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, true, true);
+                                 ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(ip), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                       ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   /** const shared_ptr tests **/
   std::shared_ptr<const T> ipc(new T(initial));
@@ -226,14 +226,14 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                       ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   // const of this should be the same, making sure it compiles
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(ipc), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                       ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
 
   /** Double ptr tests **/
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       ispod && true, ispod && true, ispod && true, false, true);
+                                       ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 */
 
   return passed;
@@ -264,21 +264,26 @@ bool pointer_test(const T& default_value, const T& new_value)
 
 
     if (p != (*result) ) { 
-      std::cerr << "Pointer passed in different than one returned" << std::endl;
+      std::cerr << "Pointer passed in different than one returned\n";
+      delete p;
       return false;
     }
 
     if (*p != *(*result) ) {
-      std::cerr << "Somehow dereferenced pointer values are not the same?" << std::endl;
+      std::cerr << "Somehow dereferenced pointer values are not the same?\n";
+      delete p;
       return false;
     }
 
+    delete p;
     return true;
   } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
-    std::cerr << "Bad boxed cast performing ** to ** test" << std::endl;
+    std::cerr << "Bad boxed cast performing ** to ** test\n";
+    delete p;
     return false;
   } catch (...) {
-    std::cerr << "Unknown exception performing ** to ** test" << std::endl;
+    std::cerr << "Unknown exception performing ** to ** test\n";
+    delete p;
     return false;
   }
 

unittests/compiled_tests.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,725 @@
+// All of these are necessary because of catch.hpp. It's OK, they'll be
+// caught in other cpp files if chaiscript causes them
+
+#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4190 4640 28251 4702 6330)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wold-style-cast"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __llvm__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wreturn-type-c-linkage"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wold-style-cast"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunreachable-code"
+#endif
+
+
+
+#define CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
+
+#include "catch.hpp"
+
+// lambda_tests
+TEST_CASE("C++11 Lambdas Can Be Registered")
+{
+
+  // We cannot deduce the type of a lambda expression, you must either wrap it
+  // in an std::function or provide the signature
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  // provide the signature
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun<std::string ()>([] { return "hello"; } ), "f1");
+
+  // wrap
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(std::function<std::string ()>([] { return "world"; } )), "f2");
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<std::string>("f1()") == "hello");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<std::string>("f2()") == "world");
+}
+
+
+// dynamic_object tests
+TEST_CASE("Dynamic_Object attributes can be shared with C++")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  chai("attr bob::z; def bob::bob() { this.z = 10 }; auto x = bob()");
+
+  chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Object &mydo = chai.eval<chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Object &>("x");
+
+  CHECK(mydo.get_type_name() == "bob");
+
+  CHECK(chaiscript::boxed_cast<int>(mydo.get_attr("z")) == 10);
+
+  chai("x.z = 15");
+
+  CHECK(chaiscript::boxed_cast<int>(mydo.get_attr("z")) == 15);
+
+  int &z = chaiscript::boxed_cast<int&>(mydo.get_attr("z"));
+
+  CHECK(z == 15);
+
+  z = 20;
+  
+  CHECK(z == 20);
+  CHECK(chaiscript::boxed_cast<int>(chai("x.z")) == 20);
+}
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Function objects can be created from chaiscript functions")
+{
+
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  chai.eval("def func() { print(\"Hello World\"); } ");
+
+  std::function<void ()> f = chai.eval<std::function<void ()> >("func");
+  f();
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<std::function<std::string (int)> >("to_string")(6) == "6");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<std::function<std::string (const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &)> >("to_string")(chaiscript::var(6)) == "6");
+}
+
+
+TEST_CASE("ChaiScript can be created and destroyed on heap")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript *chai = new chaiscript::ChaiScript();
+  delete chai;
+}
+
+
+///////// Arithmetic Conversions
+
+// Tests to make sure that type conversions happen only when they should
+void arithmetic_conversions_f1(int)
+{
+}
+
+void arithmetic_conversions_f4(std::string)
+{
+}
+
+void arithmetic_conversions_f2(int)
+{
+}
+
+void arithmetic_conversions_f3(double)
+{
+}
+
+void arithmetic_conversions_f_func_return(const std::function<unsigned int (unsigned long)> &f)
+{
+  // test the ability to return an unsigned with auto conversion
+  f(4);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Test automatic arithmetic conversions")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&arithmetic_conversions_f1), "f1");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&arithmetic_conversions_f2), "f2");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&arithmetic_conversions_f3), "f2");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&arithmetic_conversions_f1), "f3");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&arithmetic_conversions_f4), "f3");
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&arithmetic_conversions_f_func_return), "func_return");
+
+  // no overloads
+  chai.eval("f1(0)");
+  chai.eval("f1(0l)");
+  chai.eval("f1(0ul)");
+  chai.eval("f1(0ll)");
+  chai.eval("f1(0ull)");
+  chai.eval("f1(0.0)");
+  chai.eval("f1(0.0f)");
+  chai.eval("f1(0.0l)");
+
+  // expected overloads
+  chai.eval("f2(1)");
+  chai.eval("f2(1.0)");
+
+  // 1 non-arithmetic overload
+  chai.eval("f2(1.0)");
+
+  // various options for returning with conversions from chaiscript
+  chai.eval("func_return(fun(x) { return 5u; })");
+  chai.eval("func_return(fun(x) { return 5; })");
+  chai.eval("func_return(fun(x) { return 5.0f; })");
+
+  CHECK_THROWS(chai.eval("f2(1.0l)"));
+}
+
+
+/////// Exception handling
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Generic exception handling with C++")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  try {
+    chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"));");
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &bv) {
+    const std::exception &e = chai.boxed_cast<const std::exception &>(bv);
+    CHECK(e.what() == std::string("error"));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Throw an int")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  try {
+    chai.eval("throw(1)", chaiscript::exception_specification<int>());
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (int e) {
+    CHECK(e == 1);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Throw int or double")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  try {
+    chai.eval("throw(1.0)", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double>());
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (const double e) {
+    CHECK(e == 1.0);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Throw a runtime_error")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  try {
+    chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (const double) {
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (int) {
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (float) {
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (const std::string &) {
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (const std::exception &) {
+    REQUIRE(true);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Throw unhandled type")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  try {
+    chai.eval("throw(\"error\")", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::exception &>());
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (double) {
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (int) {
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (float) {
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (const std::exception &) {
+    REQUIRE(false);
+  } catch (const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &) {
+    REQUIRE(true);
+  }
+}
+
+
+///////////// Tests to make sure no arity, dispatch or guard errors leak up past eval
+
+
+int expected_eval_errors_test_one(const int &)
+{
+  return 1;
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("No unexpected exceptions leak")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&expected_eval_errors_test_one), "test_fun");
+
+  chai.eval("def guard_fun(i) : i.get_type_info().is_type_arithmetic() {} ");
+
+  //// Dot notation
+
+  // non-existent function
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("\"test\".test_one()"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+  // wrong parameter type
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("\"test\".test_fun()"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+  // wrong number of parameters
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("\"test\".test_fun(1)"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+  // guard failure
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("\"test\".guard_fun()"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+
+  // regular notation
+
+  // non-existent function
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("test_one(\"test\")"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+  // wrong parameter type
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("test_fun(\"test\")"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+  // wrong number of parameters
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("test_fun(\"test\")"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+  // guard failure
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("guard_fun(\"test\")"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+
+  // index operator
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("var a = [1,2,3]; a[\"bob\"];"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+  // unary operator
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("++\"bob\""), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+  // binary operator
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval("\"bob\" + 1"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error);
+
+
+}
+
+
+//////// Tests to make sure that the order in which function dispatches occur is correct
+
+#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
+
+int function_ordering_test_one(const int &)
+{
+  return 1;
+}
+
+int function_ordering_test_two(int &)
+{
+  return 2;
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Function ordering")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.eval("def test_fun(x) { return 3; }");
+  chai.eval("def test_fun(x) : x == \"hi\" { return 4; }");
+//  chai.eval("def test_fun(x) { return 5; }");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&function_ordering_test_one), "test_fun");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&function_ordering_test_two), "test_fun");
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("test_fun(1)") == 1);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("auto i = 1; test_fun(i)") == 2);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("test_fun(\"bob\")") == 3);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("test_fun(\"hi\")") == 4);
+}
+
+
+
+
+int functor_cast_test_call(const std::function<int (int)> &f, int val)
+{
+  return f(val);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Functor cast")
+{
+
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&functor_cast_test_call), "test_call");
+
+  chai.eval("def func(i) { return i * 6; };");
+  int d = chai.eval<int>("test_call(func, 3)");
+
+  CHECK(d == 3 * 6);
+}
+
+
+
+int set_state_test_myfun()
+{
+  return 2;
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Set and restore chai state")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  // save the initial state of globals and locals
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript::State firststate = chai.get_state();
+  std::map<std::string, chaiscript::Boxed_Value> locals = chai.get_locals();
+
+  // add some new globals and locals
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(1), "i");
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&set_state_test_myfun), "myfun");
+
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("myfun()") == 2);
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("i") == 1);
+
+  chai.set_state(firststate);
+
+  // set state should have reverted the state of the functions and dropped
+  // the 'myfun'
+
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval<int>("myfun()"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error &);
+
+  // set state should not affect the local variables
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("i") == 1);
+
+  // After resetting the locals we expect the 'i' to be gone
+  chai.set_locals(locals);
+
+  CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai.eval<int>("i"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error &);
+}
+
+
+//// Short comparisons
+
+class Short_Comparison_Test {
+ public:
+  Short_Comparison_Test() : value_(5) {}
+
+  short get_value() { return value_; }
+
+  short value_;
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("Short comparison with int")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<Short_Comparison_Test>(), "Test");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<Short_Comparison_Test()>(), "Test");
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Short_Comparison_Test::get_value), "get_value");
+
+  chai.eval("auto &t = Test();");
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<bool>("t.get_value() == 5"));
+}
+
+
+
+
+///// Test lookup of type names
+
+
+class Type_Name_MyClass
+{
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("Test lookup of type names")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  auto type = chaiscript::user_type<Type_Name_MyClass>();
+  chai.add(type, "MyClass");
+
+  CHECK(chai.get_type_name(type) == "MyClass");
+  CHECK(chai.get_type_name<Type_Name_MyClass>() == "MyClass");
+}
+
+
+/////// make sure many chaiscript objects can exist simultaneously 
+
+
+int simultaneous_chaiscript_do_something(int i)
+{
+  return i + 2;
+}
+
+int simultaneous_chaiscript_do_something_else(int i)
+{
+  return i * 2;
+}
+
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Simultaneous ChaiScript tests")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&simultaneous_chaiscript_do_something), "do_something");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(1), "i");
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+  {
+    chaiscript::ChaiScript chai2;
+    chai2.add(chaiscript::fun(&simultaneous_chaiscript_do_something_else), "do_something_else");
+
+    CHECK(chai.eval<int>("do_something(" + std::to_string(i) + ")") == i + 2);
+    CHECK(chai2.eval<int>("do_something_else(" + std::to_string(i) + ")") == i * 2);
+
+    CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai2.eval("do_something(1)"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error &);
+    CHECK_THROWS_AS(chai2.eval("i"), chaiscript::exception::eval_error &);
+    CHECK_NOTHROW(chai2.eval("do_something_else(1)"));
+  }
+}
+
+
+
+/////////////// test utility functions
+
+class Utility_Test
+{
+  public:
+    void function() {}
+    std::string function2() { return "Function2"; }
+    void function3() {}
+    std::string functionOverload(double) { return "double"; }
+    std::string functionOverload(int) { return "int"; }
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("Utility_Test utility class wrapper")
+{
+
+  chaiscript::ModulePtr m = chaiscript::ModulePtr(new chaiscript::Module());
+
+  using namespace chaiscript;
+
+  /// \todo fix overload resolution for fun<>
+  chaiscript::utility::add_class<Utility_Test>(*m,
+      "Utility_Test",
+      { constructor<Utility_Test ()>(),
+        constructor<Utility_Test (const Utility_Test &)>() },
+      { {fun(&Utility_Test::function), "function"},
+        {fun(&Utility_Test::function2), "function2"},
+        {fun(&Utility_Test::function3), "function3"},
+        {fun(static_cast<std::string(Utility_Test::*)(double)>(&Utility_Test::functionOverload)), "functionOverload" },
+        {fun(static_cast<std::string(Utility_Test::*)(int)>(&Utility_Test::functionOverload)), "functionOverload" },
+        {fun(static_cast<Utility_Test & (Utility_Test::*)(const Utility_Test &)>(&Utility_Test::operator=)), "=" }
+ 
+        }
+      );
+
+
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.add(m);
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<std::string>("auto t = Utility_Test(); t.function2(); ") == "Function2");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<std::string>("auto t2 = Utility_Test(); t2.functionOverload(1); ") == "int");
+  CHECK(chai.eval<std::string>("auto t3 = Utility_Test(); t3.functionOverload(1.1); ") == "double");
+  chai.eval("t = Utility_Test();");
+
+}
+
+
+////// Object copy count test
+
+class Object_Copy_Count_Test
+{
+  public:
+    Object_Copy_Count_Test()
+    {
+      std::cout << "Object_Copy_Count_Test()\n";
+      ++constructcount();
+    }
+
+    Object_Copy_Count_Test(const Object_Copy_Count_Test &)
+    {
+      std::cout << "Object_Copy_Count_Test(const Object_Copy_Count_Test &)\n";
+      ++copycount();
+    }
+
+    Object_Copy_Count_Test(Object_Copy_Count_Test &&)
+    {
+      std::cout << "Object_Copy_Count_Test(Object_Copy_Count_Test &&)\n";
+      ++movecount();
+    }
+
+    ~Object_Copy_Count_Test()
+    {
+      std::cout << "~Object_Copy_Count_Test()\n";
+      ++destructcount();
+    }
+
+    static int& constructcount()
+    {
+      static int c = 0;
+      return c;
+    }
+
+    static int& copycount()
+    {
+      static int c = 0;
+      return c;
+    }
+
+    static int& movecount()
+    {
+      static int c = 0;
+      return c;
+    }
+
+    static int& destructcount()
+    {
+      static int c = 0;
+      return c;
+    }
+};
+
+Object_Copy_Count_Test object_copy_count_create()
+{
+  return Object_Copy_Count_Test();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Object copy counts")
+{
+  chaiscript::ModulePtr m = chaiscript::ModulePtr(new chaiscript::Module());
+
+  m->add(chaiscript::user_type<Object_Copy_Count_Test>(), "Object_Copy_Count_Test");
+  m->add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Copy_Count_Test()>(), "Object_Copy_Count_Test");
+  m->add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Copy_Count_Test(const Object_Copy_Count_Test &)>(), "Object_Copy_Count_Test");
+  m->add(chaiscript::fun(&object_copy_count_create), "create");
+
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.add(m);
+
+  chai.eval(" { auto i = create(); } ");
+
+  CHECK(Object_Copy_Count_Test::copycount() == 0);
+  CHECK(Object_Copy_Count_Test::constructcount() == 1);
+
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+  CHECK(Object_Copy_Count_Test::destructcount() == 3);
+  CHECK(Object_Copy_Count_Test::movecount() == 2);
+#else
+  CHECK(Object_Copy_Count_Test::destructcount() == 2);
+  CHECK(Object_Copy_Count_Test::movecount() == 1);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+///////////////////// Object lifetime test 1
+
+
+class Object_Lifetime_Test
+{
+  public:
+    Object_Lifetime_Test()
+    {
+      ++count();
+    }
+
+    Object_Lifetime_Test(const Object_Lifetime_Test &)
+    {
+      ++count();
+    }
+
+    ~Object_Lifetime_Test()
+    {
+      --count();
+    }
+
+    static int& count()
+    {
+      static int c = 0;
+      return c;
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("Object lifetime tests")
+{
+  chaiscript::ModulePtr m = chaiscript::ModulePtr(new chaiscript::Module());
+
+  m->add(chaiscript::user_type<Object_Lifetime_Test>(), "Object_Lifetime_Test");
+  m->add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Lifetime_Test()>(), "Object_Lifetime_Test");
+  m->add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Lifetime_Test(const Object_Lifetime_Test &)>(), "Object_Lifetime_Test");
+  m->add(chaiscript::fun(&Object_Lifetime_Test::count), "count");
+
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.add(m);
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("count()") == 0);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("auto i = 0; { auto t = Object_Lifetime_Test(); } return i;") == 0);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("i = 0; { auto t = Object_Lifetime_Test(); i = count(); } return i;") == 1);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("i = 0; { auto t = Object_Lifetime_Test(); { auto t2 = Object_Lifetime_Test(); i = count(); } } return i;") == 2);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("i = 0; { auto t = Object_Lifetime_Test(); { auto t2 = Object_Lifetime_Test(); } i = count(); } return i;") == 1);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<int>("i = 0; { auto t = Object_Lifetime_Test(); { auto t2 = Object_Lifetime_Test(); }  } i = count(); return i;") == 0);
+}
+
+
+
+//// Object lifetime tests 2
+
+template<typename T>
+struct Object_Lifetime_Vector2
+{
+  Object_Lifetime_Vector2() : x(0), y(0) {}
+  Object_Lifetime_Vector2(T px, T py) : x(px), y(py) {}
+  Object_Lifetime_Vector2(const Object_Lifetime_Vector2& cp) : x(cp.x), y(cp.y) {}
+
+  Object_Lifetime_Vector2& operator+=(const Object_Lifetime_Vector2& vec_r)
+  {
+    x += vec_r.x;
+    y += vec_r.y;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  Object_Lifetime_Vector2 operator+(const Object_Lifetime_Vector2& vec_r)
+  {
+    return Object_Lifetime_Vector2(*this += vec_r);
+  }
+
+  Object_Lifetime_Vector2 &operator=(const Object_Lifetime_Vector2& ver_r)
+  {
+    x = ver_r.x;
+    y = ver_r.y;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+
+  T x;
+  T y;
+};
+
+Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float> Object_Lifetime_Vector2_GetValue()
+{
+  return Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>(10,15);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Object lifetime test 2")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript _script;
+
+  //Registering stuff
+  _script.add(chaiscript::user_type<Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>>(), "Object_Lifetime_Vector2f");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float> ()>(), "Object_Lifetime_Vector2f");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float> (float, float)>(), "Object_Lifetime_Vector2f");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::constructor<Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float> (const Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>&)>(), "Object_Lifetime_Vector2f");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::fun(&Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>::x), "x");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::fun(&Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>::y), "y");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::fun(&Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>::operator +), "+");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::fun(&Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>::operator +=), "+=");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::fun(&Object_Lifetime_Vector2<float>::operator =), "=");
+  _script.add(chaiscript::fun(&Object_Lifetime_Vector2_GetValue), "getValue");
+
+  _script.eval(R"(
+    var test = 0.0
+    var test2 = Object_Lifetime_Vector2f(10,10)
+
+    test = getValue().x
+    print(test)
+    print(test2.x)
+    )");
+
+  CHECK(_script.eval<std::string>("to_string(test)") == "10");
+  CHECK(_script.eval<std::string>("to_string(test2.x)") == "10");
+
+}

unittests/cpp_lambda_test.cpp

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
-
-
-int main()
-{
-
-  // We cannot deduce the type of a lambda expression, you must either wrap it
-  // in an std::function or provide the signature
-  
-
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-
-  // provide the signature
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun<std::string ()>([] { return "hello"; } ), "f1");
-
-  // wrap
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(std::function<std::string ()>([] { return "world"; } )), "f2");
-
-  if (chai.eval<std::string>("f1()") == "hello"
-      && chai.eval<std::string>("f2()") == "world")
-  {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-  } else {
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  }
-
-
-
-}

unittests/divide_by_zero_protection.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+try {
+  3/0
+  assert_true(false); // should never get here
+} catch (e) {
+  assert_equal("Arithmetic error: divide by zero", e.what())
+}
+
+assert_equal(3/0.0, Infinity)
+

unittests/dynamic_object_dynamic_attrs.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+
+class MyClass {
+  def MyClass()
+  {
+  }
+
+  def mult(double d) {
+    this.y * d
+  }
+};
+
+var o = MyClass();
+o.f = fun(x,y) { x * y; }
+assert_true(o.f(3,4) == 12);
+
+o.f2 = fun(x) { x * 3; }
+assert_true(o.f2(3) == 9);
+
+o.y = 15;
+o.f3 = fun(x) { x * this.y; }
+assert_true(o.f3(4) == 60);
+
+assert_true(o.mult(3.0) == 45.0);
+
+
+var o2 = Dynamic_Object();
+o2.a = 15
+assert_true(o2.a == 15)
+
+assert_true(o2["a"] == 15)

unittests/dynamic_object_test.cpp

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-
-#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
-
-template<typename LHS, typename RHS>
-void assert_equal(const LHS &lhs, const RHS &rhs)
-{
-  if (lhs==rhs)
-  {
-    return;
-  } else {
-    std::cout << "Got: " << lhs << " expected " << rhs << std::endl;
-    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-  }
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-
-  chai("attr bob::z; def bob::bob() { this.z = 10 }; auto x = bob()");
-
-  chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Object &mydo = chai.eval<chaiscript::dispatch::Dynamic_Object &>("x");
-
-  assert_equal(mydo.get_type_name(), "bob");
-
-  assert_equal(chaiscript::boxed_cast<int>(mydo.get_attr("z")), 10);
-
-  chai("x.z = 15");
-
-  assert_equal(chaiscript::boxed_cast<int>(mydo.get_attr("z")), 15);
-
-  int &z = chaiscript::boxed_cast<int&>(mydo.get_attr("z"));
-
-  assert_equal(z, 15);
-
-  z = 20;
-  
-  assert_equal(z, 20);
-
-  assert_equal(chaiscript::boxed_cast<int>(chai("x.z")), 20);
-  
-  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-
-}

unittests/eval.chai

@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 assert_equal(7, eval("3 + 4"))
+
+

unittests/eval_catch_exception_test.cpp

@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-// Tests to make sure that the order in which function dispatches occur is correct
-
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-
-int test_generic()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  
-  try {
-    chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"));");
-  } catch (const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &bv) {
-    const std::exception &e = chai.boxed_cast<const std::exception &>(bv);
-    if (e.what() == std::string("error"))
-    {
-      return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-    }
-  }
-
-  std::cout << "test_generic failed" << std::endl;
-  return EXIT_FAILURE;
-}
-
-int test_1()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  
-  try {
-    chai.eval("throw(1)", chaiscript::exception_specification<int>());
-  } catch (int e) {
-    if (e == 1)
-    {
-      return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-    }
-  }
-
-  std::cout << "test_1 failed" << std::endl;
-  return EXIT_FAILURE;
-}
-
-int test_2()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  
-  try {
-    chai.eval("throw(1.0)", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double>());
-  } catch (const double e) {
-    if (e == 1.0)
-    {
-      return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-    }
-  }
-
-  std::cout << "test_2 failed" << std::endl;
-  return EXIT_FAILURE;
-}
-
-int test_5()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-
-  try {
-    chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
-  } catch (const double) {
-    std::cout << "test_5 failed with double" << std::endl;
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  } catch (int) {
-    std::cout << "test_5 failed with int" << std::endl;
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  } catch (float) {
-    std::cout << "test_5 failed with float" << std::endl;
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  } catch (const std::string &) {
-    std::cout << "test_5 failed with string" << std::endl;
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  } catch (const std::exception &) {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-  }
-
-  std::cout << "test_5 failed" << std::endl;
-  return EXIT_FAILURE;
-}
-
-int test_unhandled()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-
-  try {
-    chai.eval("throw(\"error\")", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::exception &>());
-  } catch (double) {
-    std::cout << "test_unhandled failed with double" << std::endl;
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  } catch (int) {
-    std::cout << "test_unhandled failed with int" << std::endl;
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  } catch (float) {
-    std::cout << "test_unhandled failed with float" << std::endl;
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  } catch (const std::exception &) {
-    std::cout << "test_unhandled failed with std::exception" << std::endl;
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &) {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-  }
-
-  std::cout << "test_unhandled failed" << std::endl;
-  return EXIT_FAILURE;
-}
-
-
-int main()
-{
-  if (test_generic() == EXIT_SUCCESS
-    && test_1() == EXIT_SUCCESS
-    && test_2() == EXIT_SUCCESS
-    && test_5() == EXIT_SUCCESS
-    && test_unhandled() == EXIT_SUCCESS) 
-  {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-  } else {
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  }
-}

unittests/eval_file.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+
+try {
+  eval_file("use.inc")
+  assert_true(true)
+  print("used use.inc")
+} catch (e) {
+  print("error: " + e.what())
+  assert_true(false)
+}
+
+
+try {
+  //we expect this second eval_file to fail because of a function redefinition
+  eval_file("use.inc")
+  assert_true(false)
+  print("used use.inc x2")
+} catch (e) {
+  assert_true(true)
+}

unittests/exception_typed.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+auto x = 1
+try {
+  throw(x)
+  x = 2
+}
+catch(int e) {
+  x = e + 3
+}
+assert_equal(4, x);
+
+x = 1
+try {
+  throw(x)
+  x = 2
+}
+catch(string e) {
+}
+catch(e) {
+  x = e + 4
+}
+assert_equal(5, x);

unittests/exception_typed_2.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+auto results = [];
+
+for (auto i = 2; i < 6; ++i) {
+  try {
+    throw(i)
+  }
+  catch(int e) : e < 2 {
+    results.push_back("c1: " + e.to_string());
+  }
+  catch(int e) : e < 4 {
+    results.push_back("c2: " + e.to_string());
+  }
+  catch(e) {
+    results.push_back("c3: " + e.to_string());
+  }
+  catch {
+    // Should never get called
+    assert_equal(false, true)
+  }
+}
+
+try {
+  throw(3)
+}
+catch(int e) : e < 3 
+{
+  // Should never get called
+  assert_equal(false, true);
+}
+catch {
+  results.push_back("defaultcatch");
+}
+
+assert_equal(["c2: 2", "c2: 3", "c3: 4", "c3: 5", "defaultcatch"], results);

unittests/expected_eval_errors_test.cpp

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-// Tests to make sure no arity, dispatch or guard errors leak up past eval
-
-#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
-
-int test_one(const int &)
-{
-  return 1;
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&test_one), "test_fun");
-
-  chai.eval("def guard_fun(i) : i.get_type_info().is_type_arithmetic() {} ");
-
-  bool eval_error = true;
-
-  // Dot notation
-
-  try {
-    // non-existent function
-    chai.eval("\"test\".test_one()");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-  try {
-    // wrong parameter type
-    chai.eval("\"test\".test_fun()");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-  try {
-    // wrong number of parameters
-    chai.eval("\"test\".test_fun(1)");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-  try {
-    // guard failure
-    chai.eval("\"test\".guard_fun(1)");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-
-
-  // regular notation
-
-  try {
-    // non-existent function
-    chai.eval("test_one(\"test\")");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-  try {
-    // wrong parameter type
-    chai.eval("test_fun(\"test\")");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-  try {
-    // wrong number of parameters
-    chai.eval("test_fun(\"test\")");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-  try {
-    // guard failure
-    chai.eval("guard_fun(\"test\")");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-
-  // index operator
-  try {
-    chai.eval("var a = [1,2,3]; a[\"bob\"];");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-  // unary operator
-  try {
-    chai.eval("++\"bob\"");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-  // binary operator
-  try {
-    chai.eval("\"bob\" + 1");
-    eval_error = false;
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &) {
-  }
-
-
-  if (eval_error)
-  {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-  } else {
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  }
-
-}

unittests/float.chai

@@ -5,3 +5,15 @@ assert_equal(1.2, 1.2)
 assert_equal(true, .5 > 0)
 assert_equal(true, .5 < 1)
 assert_equal(0.5, .5)
+
+// Scientific notation tests
+assert_true(to_string(-1.7e30f) == "-1.7e+30" || to_string(-1.7e30f) == "-1.7e+030")
+assert_equal(to_string(+17.9E04), "179000")
+assert_equal(to_string(-1.7e+300), "-1.7e+300")
+assert_equal(to_string(-1.7e-300), "-1.7e-300")
+assert_true(to_string(17.5e30l) == "1.75e+31" || to_string(17.5e30l) == "1.75e+031")
+assert_equal(to_string(1/3.14159e300L), "3.1831e-301")
+assert_true(to_string(1.0 / 12345) == "8.10045e-05" || to_string(1.0 / 12345) == "8.10045e-005")
+assert_true(to_string(3e8F) == "3e+08" || to_string(3e8F) == "3e+008" )
+assert_equal(to_string(-15E-8*3e8), "-45")
+assert_equal(to_string(-0.5e+3+20e-01), "-498")

unittests/function_attributes.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Test attributes/members that are functions
+
+load_module("test_module")
+
+class MyClass
+{
+  var func_member;
+
+  def MyClass() {}
+
+}
+
+auto t0 = MyClass();
+
+t0.func_member = fun(int i){ i * 3; };
+
+assert_true(func_member(t0)(2) == 6)
+assert_true((func_member(t0))(2) == 6)
+assert_true(t0.func_member(2) == 6)
+
+t0.func_member = fun() { 12; };
+
+assert_true(t0.func_member() == 12);

unittests/function_members.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Test attributes/members that are functions
+
+load_module("test_module")
+
+auto t0 = TestBaseType()
+
+t0.func_member = fun(int i){ i * 3; };
+
+assert_true(func_member(t0)(2) == 6)
+assert_true((func_member(t0))(2) == 6)
+assert_true(t0.func_member(2) == 6)
+

unittests/function_ordering_test.cpp

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-// Tests to make sure that the order in which function dispatches occur is correct
-
-#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
-
-int test_one(const int &)
-{
-  return 1;
-}
-
-int test_two(int &)
-{
-  return 2;
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  chai.eval("def test_fun(x) { return 3; }");
-  chai.eval("def test_fun(x) : x == \"hi\" { return 4; }");
-//  chai.eval("def test_fun(x) { return 5; }");
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&test_one), "test_fun");
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&test_two), "test_fun");
-
-  int res1 = chai.eval<int>("test_fun(1)");
-  int res2 = chai.eval<int>("auto i = 1; test_fun(i)");
-  int res3 = chai.eval<int>("test_fun(\"bob\")");
-  int res4 = chai.eval<int>("test_fun(\"hi\")");
-
-  if (res1 == 1
-      && res2 == 2 
-      && res3 == 3
-      && res4 == 4 )
-  {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-  } else {
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  }
-}

unittests/functor_cast_test.cpp

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
-
-double test_call(const std::function<double (int)> &f, int val)
-{
-  return f(val);
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  
-  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&test_call), "test_call");
-
-  chai.eval("def func(i) { return i * 3.5; };");
-  double d = chai.eval<double>("test_call(func, 3)");
-  
-  if (d == 3 * 3.5)
-  {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;  
-  } else {
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  }
-
-}

unittests/functor_creation_test.cpp

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
-
-
-int main()
-{
-
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-
-  chai.eval("def func() { print(\"Hello World\"); } ");
-
-  std::function<void ()> f = chai.eval<std::function<void ()> >("func");
-  f();
-
-  if (chai.eval<std::function<std::string (int)> >("to_string")(6) != "6")
-  {
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  }
-
-  if (chai.eval<std::function<std::string (const chaiscript::Boxed_Value &)> >("to_string")(chaiscript::var(6)) == "6")
-  {
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-  } else {
-    return EXIT_FAILURE;
-  }
-
-
-}

unittests/future.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+var func = fun(){
+  var ret = 0;
+  for (var i = 0; i < 50000; ++i) {
+    ret += i;
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+var fut1 = async(func);
+var fut2 = async(func);
+
+// simply executing without crashing is good enough for this test
+
+print(" ${fut1.get()} ${fut2.get()} ")

unittests/global.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Test global 
+
+GLOBAL g = 3;
+assert_true(g == 3);
+
+var v := g;
+assert_true(v == 3);
+
+GLOBAL g = 2;
+assert_true(g == 2);
+assert_true(v == 2);
+
+def f() {
+  assert_true(g == 2);
+}
+
+f();
+

unittests/heap_allocated_chaiscript_test.cpp

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-
-
-int main()
-{
-  chaiscript::ChaiScript *chai = new chaiscript::ChaiScript();
-  delete chai;
-
-  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}

unittests/integer_literal_test.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ bool test_literal(T val, const std::string &str)
 {
   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
   T val2 = chai.eval<T>(str);
-  std::cout << "Comparing : " << val << " " << val2 << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "Comparing : " << val << " " << val2 << '\n';
   return val == val2;
 }
 

unittests/lambda.chai

@@ -1,2 +1,6 @@
 auto bob = fun(x) { x + 1 }
 assert_equal(4, bob(3));
+
+var y=3
+auto bob2 = fun[y](x) { x + y }
+assert_equal(7, bob2(4))