//
// Element.h
//
// $Id$
//
// Library: MongoDB
// Package: MongoDB
// Module:  Element
//
// Definition of the Element class.
//
// Copyright (c) 2012, Applied Informatics Software Engineering GmbH.
// and Contributors.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
// do so, all subject to the following:
//
// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
// a source language processor.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//


#ifndef MongoDB_Element_INCLUDED
#define MongoDB_Element_INCLUDED


#include "Poco/BinaryReader.h"
#include "Poco/BinaryWriter.h"
#include "Poco/SharedPtr.h"
#include "Poco/Timestamp.h"
#include "Poco/Nullable.h"
#include "Poco/NumberFormatter.h"
#include "Poco/DateTimeFormatter.h"
#include "Poco/MongoDB/MongoDB.h"
#include "Poco/MongoDB/BSONReader.h"
#include "Poco/MongoDB/BSONWriter.h"
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <set>


namespace Poco {
namespace MongoDB {


class MongoDB_API Element
	/// Represents an element of a Document or an Array
{
public:
	typedef Poco::SharedPtr<Element> Ptr;

	Element(const std::string& name);
		/// Constructor

	virtual ~Element();
		/// Destructor

	std::string name() const;
		/// Returns the name of the element

	virtual std::string toString(int indent = 0) const = 0;
		/// Returns a string representation of the element.

	virtual int type() const = 0;
		/// Returns the MongoDB type of the element.

private:
	virtual void read(BinaryReader& reader) = 0;
	virtual void write(BinaryWriter& writer) = 0;

	friend class Document;
	std::string _name;
};


inline std::string Element::name() const
{
	return _name;
}


class ElementComparator
{
public:
	bool operator()(const Element::Ptr& s1, const Element::Ptr& s2)
	{
		return s1->name() < s2->name();
	}
};


typedef std::set<Element::Ptr, ElementComparator> ElementSet;


template<typename T> 
struct ElementTraits
{
};


// BSON Floating point
// spec: double
template<>
struct ElementTraits<double>
{
	enum { TypeId = 0x01 };

	static std::string toString(const double& value, int indent = 0)
	{
		return Poco::NumberFormatter::format(value);
	}
};


// BSON UTF-8 string
// spec: int32 (byte*) "\x00"
// int32 is the number bytes in byte* + 1 (for trailing "\x00")
template<>
struct ElementTraits<std::string>
{
	enum { TypeId = 0x02 };

	static std::string toString(const std::string& value, int indent = 0)
	{
		std::ostringstream oss;

		oss << '"';

		for(std::string::const_iterator it = value.begin(); it != value.end(); ++it)
		{
			switch (*it)
			{
			case '"':
				oss << "\\\"";
				break;
			case '\\':
				oss << "\\\\";
				break;
			case '\b':
				oss << "\\b";
				break;
			case '\f':
				oss << "\\f";
				break;
			case '\n':
				oss << "\\n";
				break;
			case '\r':
				oss << "\\r";
				break;
			case '\t':
				oss << "\\t";
				break;
			default:
				{
					if ( *it > 0 && *it <= 0x1F )
					{
						oss << "\\u" << std::hex << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(4) << static_cast<int>(*it);
					}
					else
					{
						oss << *it;
					}
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		oss << '"';
		return oss.str();
	}
};


template<>
inline void BSONReader::read<std::string>(std::string& to)
{
	Poco::Int32 size;
	_reader >> size;
	_reader.readRaw(size, to);
	to.erase(to.end() - 1); // remove terminating 0
}


template<>
inline void BSONWriter::write<std::string>(std::string& from)
{
	_writer << (Poco::Int32) (from.length() + 1);
	writeCString(from);
}


// BSON bool
// spec: "\x00" "\x01"
template<>
struct ElementTraits<bool>
{
	enum { TypeId = 0x08 };

	static std::string toString(const bool& value, int indent = 0)
	{
		return value ? "true" : "false";
	}
};


template<>
inline void BSONReader::read<bool>(bool& to)
{
	unsigned char b;
	_reader >> b;
	to = b != 0;
}


template<>
inline void BSONWriter::write<bool>(bool& from)
{
	unsigned char b = from ? 0x01 : 0x00;
	_writer << b;
}


// BSON 32-bit integer
// spec: int32
template<>
struct ElementTraits<Int32>
{
	enum { TypeId = 0x10 };


	static std::string toString(const Int32& value, int indent = 0)
	{
		return Poco::NumberFormatter::format(value);
	}
};


// BSON UTC datetime
// spec: int64
template<>
struct ElementTraits<Timestamp>
{
	enum { TypeId = 0x09 };

	static std::string toString(const Timestamp& value, int indent = 0)
	{
		return DateTimeFormatter::format(value, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%s%z");
	}
};


template<>
inline void BSONReader::read<Timestamp>(Timestamp& to)
{
	Poco::Int64 value;
	_reader >> value;
	to = Timestamp::fromEpochTime(static_cast<std::time_t>(value / 1000));
	to += (value % 1000 * 1000);
}


template<>
inline void BSONWriter::write<Timestamp>(Timestamp& from)
{
	_writer << (from.epochMicroseconds() / 1000);
}


typedef Nullable<unsigned char> NullValue;


// BSON Null Value
// spec:
template<>
struct ElementTraits<NullValue>
{
	enum { TypeId = 0x0A };

	static std::string toString(const NullValue& value, int indent = 0)
	{
		return "null";
	}
};


template<>
inline void BSONReader::read<NullValue>(NullValue& to)
{
}


template<>
inline void BSONWriter::write<NullValue>(NullValue& from)
{
}


// BSON 64-bit integer
// spec: int64
template<>
struct ElementTraits<Int64>
{
	enum { TypeId = 0x12 };

	static std::string toString(const Int64& value, int indent = 0)
	{
		return NumberFormatter::format(value);
	}
};


template<typename T>
class ConcreteElement : public Element
{
public:
	ConcreteElement(const std::string& name, const T& init) : Element(name), _value(init)
	{
	}

	virtual ~ConcreteElement()
	{
	}

	
	T value() const
	{
		return _value;
	}


	std::string toString(int indent = 0) const
	{
		return ElementTraits<T>::toString(_value, indent);
	}

	
	int type() const
	{
		return ElementTraits<T>::TypeId;
	}

	void read(BinaryReader& reader)
	{
		BSONReader(reader).read(_value);
	}

	void write(BinaryWriter& writer)
	{
		BSONWriter(writer).write(_value);
	}

private:
	T _value;
};


} } // namespace Poco::MongoDB


#endif //  MongoDB_Element_INCLUDED