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//
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// The full "Square Detector" program.
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// It loads several images subsequentally and tries to find squares in
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// each image
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//
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#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h"
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#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <math.h>
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#include <string.h>
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int thresh = 50;
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IplImage* img = 0;
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IplImage* img0 = 0;
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CvMemStorage* storage = 0;
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const char* wndname = "Square Detection Demo";
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// helper function:
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// finds a cosine of angle between vectors
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// from pt0->pt1 and from pt0->pt2
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double angle( CvPoint* pt1, CvPoint* pt2, CvPoint* pt0 )
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{
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double dx1 = pt1->x - pt0->x;
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double dy1 = pt1->y - pt0->y;
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double dx2 = pt2->x - pt0->x;
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double dy2 = pt2->y - pt0->y;
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return (dx1*dx2 + dy1*dy2)/sqrt((dx1*dx1 + dy1*dy1)*(dx2*dx2 + dy2*dy2) + 1e-10);
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}
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// returns sequence of squares detected on the image.
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// the sequence is stored in the specified memory storage
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CvSeq* findSquares4( IplImage* img, CvMemStorage* storage )
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{
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CvSeq* contours;
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int i, c, l, N = 11;
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CvSize sz = cvSize( img->width & -2, img->height & -2 );
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IplImage* timg = cvCloneImage( img ); // make a copy of input image
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IplImage* gray = cvCreateImage( sz, 8, 1 );
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IplImage* pyr = cvCreateImage( cvSize(sz.width/2, sz.height/2), 8, 3 );
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IplImage* tgray;
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CvSeq* result;
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double s, t;
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// create empty sequence that will contain points -
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// 4 points per square (the square's vertices)
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CvSeq* squares = cvCreateSeq( 0, sizeof(CvSeq), sizeof(CvPoint), storage );
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// select the maximum ROI in the image
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// with the width and height divisible by 2
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cvSetImageROI( timg, cvRect( 0, 0, sz.width, sz.height ));
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// down-scale and upscale the image to filter out the noise
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cvPyrDown( timg, pyr, 7 );
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cvPyrUp( pyr, timg, 7 );
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tgray = cvCreateImage( sz, 8, 1 );
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// find squares in every color plane of the image
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for( c = 0; c < 3; c++ )
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{
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// extract the c-th color plane
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cvSetImageCOI( timg, c+1 );
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cvCopy( timg, tgray, 0 );
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// try several threshold levels
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for( l = 0; l < N; l++ )
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{
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// hack: use Canny instead of zero threshold level.
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// Canny helps to catch squares with gradient shading
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if( l == 0 )
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{
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// apply Canny. Take the upper threshold from slider
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// and set the lower to 0 (which forces edges merging)
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cvCanny( tgray, gray, 0, thresh, 5 );
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// dilate canny output to remove potential
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// holes between edge segments
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cvDilate( gray, gray, 0, 1 );
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}
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else
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{
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// apply threshold if l!=0:
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// tgray(x,y) = gray(x,y) < (l+1)*255/N ? 255 : 0
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cvThreshold( tgray, gray, (l+1)*255/N, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY );
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}
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// find contours and store them all as a list
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cvFindContours( gray, storage, &contours, sizeof(CvContour),
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CV_RETR_LIST, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, cvPoint(0,0) );
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// test each contour
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while( contours )
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{
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// approximate contour with accuracy proportional
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// to the contour perimeter
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result = cvApproxPoly( contours, sizeof(CvContour), storage,
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CV_POLY_APPROX_DP, cvContourPerimeter(contours)*0.02, 0 );
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// square contours should have 4 vertices after approximation
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// relatively large area (to filter out noisy contours)
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// and be convex.
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// Note: absolute value of an area is used because
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// area may be positive or negative - in accordance with the
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// contour orientation
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if( result->total == 4 &&
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cvContourArea(result,CV_WHOLE_SEQ,0) > 1000 &&
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cvCheckContourConvexity(result) )
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{
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s = 0;
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for( i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
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{
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// find minimum angle between joint
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// edges (maximum of cosine)
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if( i >= 2 )
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{
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t = fabs(angle(
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(CvPoint*)cvGetSeqElem( result, i ),
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(CvPoint*)cvGetSeqElem( result, i-2 ),
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(CvPoint*)cvGetSeqElem( result, i-1 )));
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s = s > t ? s : t;
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}
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}
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// if cosines of all angles are small
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// (all angles are ~90 degree) then write quandrange
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// vertices to resultant sequence
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if( s < 0.3 )
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for( i = 0; i < 4; i++ )
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cvSeqPush( squares,
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(CvPoint*)cvGetSeqElem( result, i ));
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}
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// take the next contour
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contours = contours->h_next;
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}
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}
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}
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// release all the temporary images
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cvReleaseImage( &gray );
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cvReleaseImage( &pyr );
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cvReleaseImage( &tgray );
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cvReleaseImage( &timg );
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return squares;
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}
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// the function draws all the squares in the image
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void drawSquares( IplImage* img, CvSeq* squares )
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{
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CvSeqReader reader;
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IplImage* cpy = cvCloneImage( img );
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int i;
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// initialize reader of the sequence
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cvStartReadSeq( squares, &reader, 0 );
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// read 4 sequence elements at a time (all vertices of a square)
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for( i = 0; i < squares->total; i += 4 )
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{
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CvPoint pt[4], *rect = pt;
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int count = 4;
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// read 4 vertices
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CV_READ_SEQ_ELEM( pt[0], reader );
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CV_READ_SEQ_ELEM( pt[1], reader );
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CV_READ_SEQ_ELEM( pt[2], reader );
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CV_READ_SEQ_ELEM( pt[3], reader );
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// draw the square as a closed polyline
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cvPolyLine( cpy, &rect, &count, 1, 1, CV_RGB(0,255,0), 3, CV_AA, 0 );
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}
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// show the resultant image
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cvShowImage( wndname, cpy );
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cvReleaseImage( &cpy );
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}
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char* names[] = { "pic1.png", "pic2.png", "pic3.png",
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"pic4.png", "pic5.png", "pic6.png", 0 };
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int main(int argc, char** argv)
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{
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int i, c;
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// create memory storage that will contain all the dynamic data
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storage = cvCreateMemStorage(0);
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for( i = 0; names[i] != 0; i++ )
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{
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// load i-th image
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img0 = cvLoadImage( names[i], 1 );
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if( !img0 )
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{
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printf("Couldn't load %s\n", names[i] );
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continue;
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}
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img = cvCloneImage( img0 );
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// create window and a trackbar (slider) with parent "image" and set callback
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// (the slider regulates upper threshold, passed to Canny edge detector)
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cvNamedWindow( wndname, 1 );
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// find and draw the squares
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drawSquares( img, findSquares4( img, storage ) );
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// wait for key.
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// Also the function cvWaitKey takes care of event processing
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c = cvWaitKey(0);
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// release both images
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cvReleaseImage( &img );
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cvReleaseImage( &img0 );
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// clear memory storage - reset free space position
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cvClearMemStorage( storage );
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if( (char)c == 27 )
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break;
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}
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cvDestroyWindow( wndname );
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cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage);
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return 0;
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}
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