opencv/modules/calib3d/src/circlesgrid.cpp

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/*M///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
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//
// By downloading, copying, installing or using the software you agree to this license.
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// copy or use the software.
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//
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//
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#include "circlesgrid.hpp"
using namespace cv;
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using namespace std;
Graph::Graph(int n)
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
addVertex(i);
}
}
bool Graph::doesVertexExist(int id) const
{
return (vertices.find(id) != vertices.end());
}
void Graph::addVertex(int id)
{
assert( !doesVertexExist( id ) );
vertices.insert(pair<int, Vertex> (id, Vertex()));
}
void Graph::addEdge(int id1, int id2)
{
assert( doesVertexExist( id1 ) );
assert( doesVertexExist( id2 ) );
vertices[id1].neighbors.insert(id2);
vertices[id2].neighbors.insert(id1);
}
bool Graph::areVerticesAdjacent(int id1, int id2) const
{
assert( doesVertexExist( id1 ) );
assert( doesVertexExist( id2 ) );
Vertices::const_iterator it = vertices.find(id1);
return it->second.neighbors.find(id2) != it->second.neighbors.end();
}
size_t Graph::getVerticesCount() const
{
return vertices.size();
}
size_t Graph::getDegree(int id) const
{
assert( doesVertexExist(id) );
Vertices::const_iterator it = vertices.find(id);
return it->second.neighbors.size();
}
void Graph::floydWarshall(cv::Mat &distanceMatrix, int infinity) const
{
const int edgeWeight = 1;
const size_t n = getVerticesCount();
distanceMatrix.create(n, n, CV_32SC1);
distanceMatrix.setTo(infinity);
for (Vertices::const_iterator it1 = vertices.begin(); it1 != vertices.end(); it1++)
{
distanceMatrix.at<int> (it1->first, it1->first) = 0;
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for (Neighbors::const_iterator it2 = it1->second.neighbors.begin(); it2 != it1->second.neighbors.end(); it2++)
{
assert( it1->first != *it2 );
distanceMatrix.at<int> (it1->first, *it2) = edgeWeight;
}
}
for (Vertices::const_iterator it1 = vertices.begin(); it1 != vertices.end(); it1++)
{
for (Vertices::const_iterator it2 = vertices.begin(); it2 != vertices.end(); it2++)
{
for (Vertices::const_iterator it3 = vertices.begin(); it3 != vertices.end(); it3++)
{
int val1 = distanceMatrix.at<int> (it2->first, it3->first);
int val2;
if (distanceMatrix.at<int> (it2->first, it1->first) == infinity || distanceMatrix.at<int> (it1->first,
it3->first)
== infinity)
val2 = val1;
else
val2 = distanceMatrix.at<int> (it2->first, it1->first) + distanceMatrix.at<int> (it1->first, it3->first);
distanceMatrix.at<int> (it2->first, it3->first) = std::min(val1, val2);
}
}
}
}
void computeShortestPath(Mat &predecessorMatrix, int v1, int v2, vector<int> &path);
void computePredecessorMatrix(const Mat &dm, int verticesCount, Mat &predecessorMatrix);
CirclesGridFinderParameters::CirclesGridFinderParameters()
{
minDensity = 10;
densityNeighborhoodSize = Size2f(16, 16);
minDistanceToAddKeypoint = 20;
kmeansAttempts = 100;
convexHullFactor = 1.1;
keypointScale = 1;
minGraphConfidence = 9;
vertexGain = 2;
vertexPenalty = -5;
edgeGain = 1;
edgePenalty = -5;
existingVertexGain = 0;
}
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CirclesGridFinder::CirclesGridFinder(Size _patternSize, const vector<Point2f> &testKeypoints,
const CirclesGridFinderParameters &_parameters) :
patternSize(_patternSize)
{
keypoints = testKeypoints;
parameters = _parameters;
}
bool CirclesGridFinder::findHoles()
{
vector<Point2f> vectors, filteredVectors, basis;
computeEdgeVectorsOfRNG(vectors);
filterOutliersByDensity(vectors, filteredVectors);
vector<Graph> basisGraphs;
findBasis(filteredVectors, basis, basisGraphs);
findMCS(basis, basisGraphs);
return (isDetectionCorrect());
//CV_Error( 0, "Detection is not correct" );
}
bool CirclesGridFinder::isDetectionCorrect()
{
if (holes.size() != patternSize.height)
return false;
set<int> vertices;
for (size_t i = 0; i < holes.size(); i++)
{
if (holes[i].size() != patternSize.width)
return false;
for (size_t j = 0; j < holes[i].size(); j++)
{
vertices.insert(holes[i][j]);
}
}
return vertices.size() == patternSize.area();
}
void CirclesGridFinder::findMCS(const vector<Point2f> &basis, vector<Graph> &basisGraphs)
{
Path longestPath;
size_t bestGraphIdx = findLongestPath(basisGraphs, longestPath);
vector<int> holesRow = longestPath.vertices;
while (holesRow.size() > std::max(patternSize.width, patternSize.height))
{
holesRow.pop_back();
holesRow.erase(holesRow.begin());
}
if (bestGraphIdx == 0)
{
holes.push_back(holesRow);
int w = holes[0].size();
int h = holes.size();
//parameters.minGraphConfidence = holes[0].size() * parameters.vertexGain + (holes[0].size() - 1) * parameters.edgeGain;
//parameters.minGraphConfidence = holes[0].size() * parameters.vertexGain + (holes[0].size() / 2) * parameters.edgeGain;
//parameters.minGraphConfidence = holes[0].size() * parameters.existingVertexGain + (holes[0].size() / 2) * parameters.edgeGain;
parameters.minGraphConfidence = holes[0].size() * parameters.existingVertexGain;
for (int i = h; i < patternSize.height; i++)
{
addHolesByGraph(basisGraphs, true, basis[1]);
}
//parameters.minGraphConfidence = holes.size() * parameters.existingVertexGain + (holes.size() / 2) * parameters.edgeGain;
parameters.minGraphConfidence = holes.size() * parameters.existingVertexGain;
for (int i = w; i < patternSize.width; i++)
{
addHolesByGraph(basisGraphs, false, basis[0]);
}
}
else
{
holes.resize(holesRow.size());
for (size_t i = 0; i < holesRow.size(); i++)
holes[i].push_back(holesRow[i]);
int w = holes[0].size();
int h = holes.size();
parameters.minGraphConfidence = holes.size() * parameters.existingVertexGain;
for (int i = w; i < patternSize.width; i++)
{
addHolesByGraph(basisGraphs, false, basis[0]);
}
parameters.minGraphConfidence = holes[0].size() * parameters.existingVertexGain;
for (int i = h; i < patternSize.height; i++)
{
addHolesByGraph(basisGraphs, true, basis[1]);
}
}
}
Mat CirclesGridFinder::rectifyGrid(Size detectedGridSize, const vector<Point2f>& centers,
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const vector<Point2f> &keypoints, vector<Point2f> &warpedKeypoints)
{
assert( !centers.empty() );
const float edgeLength = 30;
const Point2f offset(150, 150);
const int keypointScale = 1;
vector<Point2f> dstPoints;
for (int i = 0; i < detectedGridSize.height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < detectedGridSize.width; j++)
{
dstPoints.push_back(offset + Point2f(edgeLength * j, edgeLength * i));
}
}
Mat H = findHomography(Mat(centers), Mat(dstPoints), CV_RANSAC);
//Mat H = findHomography( Mat( corners ), Mat( dstPoints ) );
vector<Point2f> srcKeypoints;
for (size_t i = 0; i < keypoints.size(); i++)
{
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srcKeypoints.push_back(keypoints[i]);
}
Mat dstKeypointsMat;
transform(Mat(srcKeypoints), dstKeypointsMat, H);
vector<Point2f> dstKeypoints;
convertPointsHomogeneous(dstKeypointsMat, dstKeypoints);
warpedKeypoints.clear();
for (size_t i = 0; i < dstKeypoints.size(); i++)
{
Point2f pt = dstKeypoints[i];
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warpedKeypoints.push_back(pt);
}
return H;
}
int CirclesGridFinder::findNearestKeypoint(Point2f pt) const
{
int bestIdx = -1;
float minDist = std::numeric_limits<float>::max();
for (size_t i = 0; i < keypoints.size(); i++)
{
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float dist = norm(pt - keypoints[i]);
if (dist < minDist)
{
minDist = dist;
bestIdx = i;
}
}
return bestIdx;
}
void CirclesGridFinder::addPoint(Point2f pt, vector<int> &points)
{
int ptIdx = findNearestKeypoint(pt);
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if (norm(keypoints[ptIdx] - pt) > parameters.minDistanceToAddKeypoint)
{
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Point2f kpt = Point2f(pt);
keypoints.push_back(kpt);
points.push_back(keypoints.size() - 1);
}
else
{
points.push_back(ptIdx);
}
}
void CirclesGridFinder::findCandidateLine(vector<int> &line, int seedLineIdx, bool addRow, Point2f basisVec,
vector<int> &seeds)
{
line.clear();
seeds.clear();
if (addRow)
{
for (size_t i = 0; i < holes[seedLineIdx].size(); i++)
{
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Point2f pt = keypoints[holes[seedLineIdx][i]] + basisVec;
addPoint(pt, line);
seeds.push_back(holes[seedLineIdx][i]);
}
}
else
{
for (size_t i = 0; i < holes.size(); i++)
{
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Point2f pt = keypoints[holes[i][seedLineIdx]] + basisVec;
addPoint(pt, line);
seeds.push_back(holes[i][seedLineIdx]);
}
}
assert( line.size() == seeds.size() );
}
void CirclesGridFinder::findCandidateHoles(vector<int> &above, vector<int> &below, bool addRow, Point2f basisVec,
vector<int> &aboveSeeds, vector<int> &belowSeeds)
{
above.clear();
below.clear();
aboveSeeds.clear();
belowSeeds.clear();
findCandidateLine(above, 0, addRow, -basisVec, aboveSeeds);
int lastIdx = addRow ? holes.size() - 1 : holes[0].size() - 1;
findCandidateLine(below, lastIdx, addRow, basisVec, belowSeeds);
assert( below.size() == above.size() );
assert( belowSeeds.size() == aboveSeeds.size() );
assert( below.size() == belowSeeds.size() );
}
bool CirclesGridFinder::areCentersNew(const vector<int> &newCenters, const vector<vector<int> > &holes)
{
for (size_t i = 0; i < newCenters.size(); i++)
{
for (size_t j = 0; j < holes.size(); j++)
{
if (holes[j].end() != std::find(holes[j].begin(), holes[j].end(), newCenters[i]))
{
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
void CirclesGridFinder::insertWinner(float aboveConfidence, float belowConfidence, float minConfidence, bool addRow,
const vector<int> &above, const vector<int> &below, vector<vector<int> > &holes)
{
if (aboveConfidence < minConfidence && belowConfidence < minConfidence)
return;
if (addRow)
{
if (aboveConfidence >= belowConfidence)
{
if (!areCentersNew(above, holes))
CV_Error( 0, "Centers are not new" );
holes.insert(holes.begin(), above);
}
else
{
if (!areCentersNew(below, holes))
CV_Error( 0, "Centers are not new" );
holes.insert(holes.end(), below);
}
}
else
{
if (aboveConfidence >= belowConfidence)
{
if (!areCentersNew(above, holes))
CV_Error( 0, "Centers are not new" );
for (size_t i = 0; i < holes.size(); i++)
{
holes[i].insert(holes[i].begin(), above[i]);
}
}
else
{
if (!areCentersNew(below, holes))
CV_Error( 0, "Centers are not new" );
for (size_t i = 0; i < holes.size(); i++)
{
holes[i].insert(holes[i].end(), below[i]);
}
}
}
}
/*
bool CirclesGridFinder::areVerticesAdjacent(const Graph &graph, int vertex1, int vertex2)
{
property_map<Graph, vertex_index_t>::type index = get(vertex_index, graph);
bool areAdjacent = false;
graph_traits<Graph>::adjacency_iterator ai;
graph_traits<Graph>::adjacency_iterator ai_end;
for (tie(ai, ai_end) = adjacent_vertices(vertex1, graph); ai != ai_end; ++ai)
{
if (*ai == index[vertex2])
areAdjacent = true;
}
return areAdjacent;
}*/
float CirclesGridFinder::computeGraphConfidence(const vector<Graph> &basisGraphs, bool addRow,
const vector<int> &points, const vector<int> &seeds)
{
assert( points.size() == seeds.size() );
float confidence = 0;
const int vCount = basisGraphs[0].getVerticesCount();
assert( basisGraphs[0].getVerticesCount() == basisGraphs[1].getVerticesCount() );
for (size_t i = 0; i < seeds.size(); i++)
{
if (seeds[i] < vCount && points[i] < vCount)
{
if (!basisGraphs[addRow].areVerticesAdjacent(seeds[i], points[i]))
{
confidence += parameters.vertexPenalty;
}
else
{
confidence += parameters.vertexGain;
}
}
if (points[i] < vCount)
{
confidence += parameters.existingVertexGain;
}
}
for (size_t i = 1; i < points.size(); i++)
{
if (points[i - 1] < vCount && points[i] < vCount)
{
if (!basisGraphs[!addRow].areVerticesAdjacent(points[i - 1], points[i]))
{
confidence += parameters.edgePenalty;
}
else
{
confidence += parameters.edgeGain;
}
}
}
return confidence;
}
void CirclesGridFinder::addHolesByGraph(const vector<Graph> &basisGraphs, bool addRow, Point2f basisVec)
{
vector<int> above, below, aboveSeeds, belowSeeds;
findCandidateHoles(above, below, addRow, basisVec, aboveSeeds, belowSeeds);
float aboveConfidence = computeGraphConfidence(basisGraphs, addRow, above, aboveSeeds);
float belowConfidence = computeGraphConfidence(basisGraphs, addRow, below, belowSeeds);
insertWinner(aboveConfidence, belowConfidence, parameters.minGraphConfidence, addRow, above, below, holes);
}
void CirclesGridFinder::filterOutliersByDensity(const vector<Point2f> &samples, vector<Point2f> &filteredSamples)
{
if (samples.empty())
CV_Error( 0, "samples is empty" );
filteredSamples.clear();
for (size_t i = 0; i < samples.size(); i++)
{
Rect_<float> rect(samples[i] - Point2f(parameters.densityNeighborhoodSize) * 0.5,
parameters.densityNeighborhoodSize);
int neighborsCount = 0;
for (size_t j = 0; j < samples.size(); j++)
{
if (rect.contains(samples[j]))
neighborsCount++;
}
if (neighborsCount >= parameters.minDensity)
filteredSamples.push_back(samples[i]);
}
if (filteredSamples.empty())
CV_Error( 0, "filteredSamples is empty" );
}
void CirclesGridFinder::findBasis(const vector<Point2f> &samples, vector<Point2f> &basis, vector<Graph> &basisGraphs)
{
basis.clear();
Mat bestLabels;
TermCriteria termCriteria;
Mat centers;
int clustersCount = 4;
kmeans(Mat(samples).reshape(1, 0), clustersCount, bestLabels, termCriteria, parameters.kmeansAttempts,
KMEANS_RANDOM_CENTERS, &centers);
assert( centers.type() == CV_32FC1 );
vector<int> basisIndices;
//TODO: only remove duplicate
for (int i = 0; i < clustersCount; i++)
{
int maxIdx = (fabs(centers.at<float> (i, 0)) < fabs(centers.at<float> (i, 1)));
if (centers.at<float> (i, maxIdx) > 0)
{
Point2f vec(centers.at<float> (i, 0), centers.at<float> (i, 1));
basis.push_back(vec);
basisIndices.push_back(i);
}
}
if (basis.size() != 2)
CV_Error( 0, "Basis size is not 2");
if (basis[1].x > basis[0].x)
{
std::swap(basis[0], basis[1]);
std::swap(basisIndices[0], basisIndices[1]);
}
const float minBasisDif = 2;
if (norm(basis[0] - basis[1]) < minBasisDif)
CV_Error( 0, "degenerate basis" );
vector<vector<Point2f> > clusters(2), hulls(2);
for (size_t k = 0; k < samples.size(); k++)
{
int label = bestLabels.at<int> (k, 0);
int idx = -1;
if (label == basisIndices[0])
idx = 0;
if (label == basisIndices[1])
idx = 1;
if (idx >= 0)
{
clusters[idx].push_back(basis[idx] + parameters.convexHullFactor * (samples[k] - basis[idx]));
}
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < basis.size(); i++)
{
convexHull(Mat(clusters[i]), hulls[i]);
}
basisGraphs.resize(basis.size(), Graph(keypoints.size()));
for (size_t i = 0; i < keypoints.size(); i++)
{
for (size_t j = 0; j < keypoints.size(); j++)
{
if (i == j)
continue;
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Point2f vec = keypoints[i] - keypoints[j];
for (size_t k = 0; k < hulls.size(); k++)
{
if (pointPolygonTest(Mat(hulls[k]), vec, false) >= 0)
{
basisGraphs[k].addEdge(i, j);
}
}
}
}
}
void CirclesGridFinder::computeEdgeVectorsOfRNG(vector<Point2f> &vectors, Mat *drawImage) const
{
vectors.clear();
//TODO: use more fast algorithm instead of naive N^3
for (size_t i = 0; i < keypoints.size(); i++)
{
for (size_t j = 0; j < keypoints.size(); j++)
{
if (i == j)
continue;
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Point2f vec = keypoints[i] - keypoints[j];
float dist = norm(vec);
bool isNeighbors = true;
for (size_t k = 0; k < keypoints.size(); k++)
{
if (k == i || k == j)
continue;
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float dist1 = norm(keypoints[i] - keypoints[k]);
float dist2 = norm(keypoints[j] - keypoints[k]);
if (dist1 < dist && dist2 < dist)
{
isNeighbors = false;
break;
}
}
if (isNeighbors)
{
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vectors.push_back(keypoints[i] - keypoints[j]);
if (drawImage != 0)
{
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line(*drawImage, keypoints[i], keypoints[j], Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2);
circle(*drawImage, keypoints[i], 3, Scalar(0, 0, 255), -1);
circle(*drawImage, keypoints[j], 3, Scalar(0, 0, 255), -1);
}
}
}
}
}
void computePredecessorMatrix(const Mat &dm, int verticesCount, Mat &predecessorMatrix)
{
assert( dm.type() == CV_32SC1 );
predecessorMatrix.create(verticesCount, verticesCount, CV_32SC1);
predecessorMatrix = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < predecessorMatrix.rows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < predecessorMatrix.cols; j++)
{
int dist = dm.at<int> (i, j);
for (int k = 0; k < verticesCount; k++)
{
if (dm.at<int> (i, k) == dist - 1 && dm.at<int> (k, j) == 1)
{
predecessorMatrix.at<int> (i, j) = k;
break;
}
}
}
}
}
void computeShortestPath(Mat &predecessorMatrix, int v1, int v2, vector<int> &path)
{
if (predecessorMatrix.at<int> (v1, v2) < 0)
{
path.push_back(v1);
return;
}
computeShortestPath(predecessorMatrix, v1, predecessorMatrix.at<int> (v1, v2), path);
path.push_back(v2);
}
size_t CirclesGridFinder::findLongestPath(vector<Graph> &basisGraphs, Path &bestPath)
{
vector<Path> longestPaths(1);
vector<int> confidences;
size_t bestGraphIdx = 0;
const int infinity = -1;
for (size_t graphIdx = 0; graphIdx < basisGraphs.size(); graphIdx++)
{
const Graph &g = basisGraphs[graphIdx];
Mat distanceMatrix;
g.floydWarshall(distanceMatrix, infinity);
Mat predecessorMatrix;
computePredecessorMatrix(distanceMatrix, g.getVerticesCount(), predecessorMatrix);
double maxVal;
Point maxLoc;
assert (infinity < 0);
minMaxLoc(distanceMatrix, 0, &maxVal, 0, &maxLoc);
if (maxVal > longestPaths[0].length)
{
longestPaths.clear();
confidences.clear();
bestGraphIdx = graphIdx;
}
if (longestPaths.empty() || (maxVal == longestPaths[0].length && graphIdx == bestGraphIdx))
{
Path path = Path(maxLoc.x, maxLoc.y, maxVal);
computeShortestPath(predecessorMatrix, maxLoc.x, maxLoc.y, path.vertices);
longestPaths.push_back(path);
int conf = 0;
for (size_t v2 = 0; v2 < path.vertices.size(); v2++)
{
conf += basisGraphs[1 - (int)graphIdx].getDegree(v2);
}
confidences.push_back(conf);
}
}
//if( bestGraphIdx != 0 )
//CV_Error( 0, "" );
int maxConf = -1;
int bestPathIdx = -1;
for (size_t i = 0; i < confidences.size(); i++)
{
if (confidences[i] > maxConf)
{
maxConf = confidences[i];
bestPathIdx = i;
}
}
//int bestPathIdx = rand() % longestPaths.size();
bestPath = longestPaths.at(bestPathIdx);
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bool needReverse = (bestGraphIdx == 0 && keypoints[bestPath.lastVertex].x < keypoints[bestPath.firstVertex].x)
|| (bestGraphIdx == 1 && keypoints[bestPath.lastVertex].y < keypoints[bestPath.firstVertex].y);
if (needReverse)
{
std::swap(bestPath.lastVertex, bestPath.firstVertex);
std::reverse(bestPath.vertices.begin(), bestPath.vertices.end());
}
return bestGraphIdx;
}
void CirclesGridFinder::drawBasis(const vector<Point2f> &basis, Point2f origin, Mat &drawImg) const
{
for (size_t i = 0; i < basis.size(); i++)
{
Point2f pt(basis[i]);
line(drawImg, origin, origin + pt, Scalar(0, i * 255, 0), 2);
}
}
void CirclesGridFinder::drawBasisGraphs(const vector<Graph> &basisGraphs, Mat &drawImage, bool drawEdges,
bool drawVertices) const
{
//const int vertexRadius = 1;
const int vertexRadius = 3;
const Scalar vertexColor = Scalar(0, 0, 255);
const int vertexThickness = -1;
const Scalar edgeColor = Scalar(255, 0, 0);
//const int edgeThickness = 1;
const int edgeThickness = 2;
if (drawEdges)
{
for (size_t i = 0; i < basisGraphs.size(); i++)
{
for (size_t v1 = 0; v1 < basisGraphs[i].getVerticesCount(); v1++)
{
for (size_t v2 = 0; v2 < basisGraphs[i].getVerticesCount(); v2++)
{
if (basisGraphs[i].areVerticesAdjacent(v1, v2))
{
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line(drawImage, keypoints[v1], keypoints[v2], edgeColor, edgeThickness);
}
}
}
}
}
if (drawVertices)
{
for (size_t v = 0; v < basisGraphs[0].getVerticesCount(); v++)
{
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circle(drawImage, keypoints[v], vertexRadius, vertexColor, vertexThickness);
}
}
}
void CirclesGridFinder::drawHoles(const Mat &srcImage, Mat &drawImage) const
{
//const int holeRadius = 4;
//const int holeRadius = 2;
//const int holeThickness = 1;
const int holeRadius = 3;
const int holeThickness = -1;
//const Scalar holeColor = Scalar(0, 0, 255);
const Scalar holeColor = Scalar(0, 255, 0);
if (srcImage.channels() == 1)
cvtColor(srcImage, drawImage, CV_GRAY2RGB);
else
srcImage.copyTo(drawImage);
for (size_t i = 0; i < holes.size(); i++)
{
for (size_t j = 0; j < holes[i].size(); j++)
{
if (j != holes[i].size() - 1)
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line(drawImage, keypoints[holes[i][j]], keypoints[holes[i][j + 1]], Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2);
if (i != holes.size() - 1)
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line(drawImage, keypoints[holes[i][j]], keypoints[holes[i + 1][j]], Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2);
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//circle(drawImage, keypoints[holes[i][j]], holeRadius, holeColor, holeThickness);
circle(drawImage, keypoints[holes[i][j]], holeRadius, holeColor, holeThickness);
}
}
}
Size CirclesGridFinder::getDetectedGridSize() const
{
if (holes.size() == 0)
return Size(0, 0);
return Size(holes[0].size(), holes.size());
}
void CirclesGridFinder::getHoles(vector<Point2f> &outHoles) const
{
outHoles.clear();
for (size_t i = 0; i < holes.size(); i++)
{
for (size_t j = 0; j < holes[i].size(); j++)
{
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outHoles.push_back(keypoints[holes[i][j]]);
}
}
}