diff --git a/src/proxy.cpp b/src/proxy.cpp
index 5ef11ab9..ab57d509 100644
--- a/src/proxy.cpp
+++ b/src/proxy.cpp
@@ -53,6 +53,58 @@
 // zmq.h must be included *after* poll.h for AIX to build properly
 #include "../include/zmq.h"
 
+int capture(
+        class zmq::socket_base_t *capture_,
+        zmq::msg_t& msg_,
+        int more_ = 0)
+{
+    //  Copy message to capture socket if any
+    if (capture_) {
+        zmq::msg_t ctrl;
+        int rc = ctrl.init ();
+        if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+            return -1;
+        rc = ctrl.copy (msg_);
+        if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+            return -1;
+        rc = capture_->send (&ctrl, more_? ZMQ_SNDMORE: 0);
+        if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+            return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int forward(
+        class zmq::socket_base_t *from_,
+        class zmq::socket_base_t *to_,
+        class zmq::socket_base_t *capture_,
+        zmq::msg_t& msg_)
+{
+    int more;
+    size_t moresz;
+    while (true) {
+        int rc = from_->recv (&msg_, 0);
+        if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+            return -1;
+
+        moresz = sizeof more;
+        rc = from_->getsockopt (ZMQ_RCVMORE, &more, &moresz);
+        if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+            return -1;
+
+        //  Copy message to capture socket if any
+        rc = capture(capture_, msg_, more);
+        if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+            return -1;
+
+        rc = to_->send (&msg_, more? ZMQ_SNDMORE: 0);
+        if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+            return -1;
+        if (more == 0)
+            break;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
 
 int zmq::proxy (
     class socket_base_t *frontend_,
@@ -102,18 +154,10 @@ int zmq::proxy (
                 return -1;
 
             //  Copy message to capture socket if any
-            if (capture_) {
-                msg_t ctrl;
-                rc = ctrl.init ();
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-                rc = ctrl.copy (msg);
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-                rc = capture_->send (&ctrl, 0);
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-            }
+            rc = capture(capture_, msg);
+            if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+                return -1;
+
             if (msg.size () == 5 && memcmp (msg.data (), "PAUSE", 5) == 0)
                 state = paused;
             else
@@ -131,68 +175,16 @@ int zmq::proxy (
         //  Process a request
         if (state == active
         &&  items [0].revents & ZMQ_POLLIN) {
-            while (true) {
-                rc = frontend_->recv (&msg, 0);
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-
-                moresz = sizeof more;
-                rc = frontend_->getsockopt (ZMQ_RCVMORE, &more, &moresz);
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-
-                //  Copy message to capture socket if any
-                if (capture_) {
-                    msg_t ctrl;
-                    rc = ctrl.init ();
-                    if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                        return -1;
-                    rc = ctrl.copy (msg);
-                    if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                        return -1;
-                    rc = capture_->send (&ctrl, more? ZMQ_SNDMORE: 0);
-                    if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                        return -1;
-                }
-                rc = backend_->send (&msg, more? ZMQ_SNDMORE: 0);
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-                if (more == 0)
-                    break;
-            }
+            rc = forward(frontend_, backend_, capture_,msg);
+            if (unlikely (rc < 0))
+                return -1;
         }
         //  Process a reply
         if (state == active
         &&  items [1].revents & ZMQ_POLLIN) {
-            while (true) {
-                rc = backend_->recv (&msg, 0);
+            rc = forward(backend_, frontend_, capture_,msg);
             if (unlikely (rc < 0))
                 return -1;
-
-            moresz = sizeof more;
-            rc = backend_->getsockopt (ZMQ_RCVMORE, &more, &moresz);
-            if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                return -1;
-
-            //  Copy message to capture socket if any
-            if (capture_) {
-                msg_t ctrl;
-                rc = ctrl.init ();
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-                rc = ctrl.copy (msg);
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-                rc = capture_->send (&ctrl, more? ZMQ_SNDMORE: 0);
-                if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                    return -1;
-            }
-            rc = frontend_->send (&msg, more? ZMQ_SNDMORE: 0);
-            if (unlikely (rc < 0))
-                return -1;
-            if (more == 0)
-                break;
-            }
         }
     }
     return 0;