[libcxx] Allow use of <atomic> in C++03. Try 3.

Summary:
After putting this question up on cfe-dev I have decided that it would be best to allow the use of `<atomic>` in C++03. Although static initialization is a concern the syntax required to get it is C++11 only. Meaning that C++11 constant static initialization cannot silently break in C++03, it will always cause a syntax error. Furthermore `ATOMIC_VAR_INIT` and `ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT` remain defined in C++03 even though they cannot be used because C++03 usages will cause better error messages.

The main change in this patch is to replace `__has_feature(cxx_atomic)`, which only returns true when C++ >= 11, to `__has_extension(c_atomic)` which returns true whenever clang supports the required atomic builtins.


This patch adds the following macros:
* `_LIBCPP_HAS_C_ATOMIC_IMP`      - Defined on clang versions which provide the C `_Atomic` keyword.
* `_LIBCPP_HAS_GCC_ATOMIC_IMP` - Defined on GCC > 4.7. We must use the fallback atomic implementation.
* `_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_ATOMIC_HEADER` - Defined when it is not safe to include `<atomic>`.

`_LIBCPP_HAS_C_ATOMIC_IMP` and `_LIBCPP_HAS_GCC_ATOMIC_IMP` are mutually exclusive, only one should be defined. If neither is defined then `<atomic>` is not implemented and including `<atomic>` will issue an error.

Reviewers: chandlerc, jroelofs, mclow.lists

Subscribers: cfe-commits

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D11555

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/libcxx/trunk@245463 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8

test/std/atomics/atomics.flag/init03.pass.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is dual licensed under the MIT and the University of Illinois Open
+// Source Licenses. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// UNSUPPORTED: libcpp-has-no-threads
+
+// <atomic>
+
+// struct atomic_flag
+
+// TESTING EXTENSION atomic_flag(bool)
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cassert>
+
+int main()
+{
+    std::atomic_flag f(false);
+    assert(f.test_and_set() == 0);
+}