2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.\" You can view this file with:
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.\" nroff -man curl.1
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.\" Written by Daniel Stenberg
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.\"
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2001-03-12 14:54:10 +01:00
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.TH curl 1 "12 March 2001" "Curl 7.7" "Curl Manual"
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.SH NAME
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curl \- get a URL with FTP, TELNET, LDAP, GOPHER, DICT, FILE, HTTP or
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HTTPS syntax.
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B curl [options]
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2001-01-09 13:24:49 +01:00
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.I [URL...]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.B curl
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2001-01-09 13:24:49 +01:00
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is a client to get documents/files from or send documents to a server, using
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any of the supported protocols (HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, GOPHER, DICT, TELNET, LDAP
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or FILE). The command is designed to work without user interaction or any kind
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of interactivity.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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curl offers a busload of useful tricks like proxy support, user
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authentication, ftp upload, HTTP post, SSL (https:) connections, cookies, file
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transfer resume and more.
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.SH URL
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The URL syntax is protocol dependent. You'll find a detailed description in
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RFC 2396.
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You can specify multiple URLs or parts of URLs by writing part sets within
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braces as in:
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http://site.{one,two,three}.com
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or you can get sequences of alphanumeric series by using [] as in:
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ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[1-100].txt
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ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[001-100].txt (with leading zeros)
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ftp://ftp.letters.com/file[a-z].txt
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It is possible to specify up to 9 sets or series for a URL, but no nesting is
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supported at the moment:
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http://www.any.org/archive[1996-1999]/volume[1-4]part{a,b,c,index}.html
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2001-01-09 13:24:49 +01:00
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Starting with curl 7.6, you can specify any amount of URLs on the command
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line. They will be fetched in a sequential manner in the specified order.
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2001-03-12 14:54:10 +01:00
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Starting with curl 7.7, curl will attempt to re-use connections for multiple
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file transfers, so that getting many files from the same server will not do
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multiple connects/handshakes. This improves speed. Of course this is only done
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on files specified on a single command line and cannot be used between
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separate curl invokes.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.SH OPTIONS
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.IP "-a/--append"
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(FTP)
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When used in a ftp upload, this will tell curl to append to the target
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file instead of overwriting it. If the file doesn't exist, it will
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be created.
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If this option is used twice, the second one will disable append mode again.
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.IP "-A/--user-agent <agent string>"
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(HTTP)
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Specify the User-Agent string to send to the HTTP server. Some badly done CGIs
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fail if its not set to "Mozilla/4.0". To encode blanks in the string,
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surround the string with single quote marks. This can also be set with the
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-H/--header flag of course.
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2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
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If this option is used more than once, the last one will be the one to be
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used.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-b/--cookie <name=data>"
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(HTTP)
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Pass the data to the HTTP server as a cookie. It is supposedly the
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data previously received from the server in a "Set-Cookie:" line.
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The data should be in the format "NAME1=VALUE1; NAME2=VALUE2".
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If no '=' letter is used in the line, it is treated as a filename to use to
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read previously stored cookie lines from, which should be used in this session
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if they match. Using this method also activates the "cookie parser" which
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will make curl record incoming cookies too, which may be handy if you're using
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this in combination with the -L/--location option. The file format of the file
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to read cookies from should be plain HTTP headers or the netscape cookie file
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format.
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.B NOTE
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that the file specified with -b/--cookie is only used as input. No cookies
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will be stored in the file. To store cookies, save the HTTP headers to a file
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using -D/--dump-header!
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2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
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If this option is used more than once, the last one will be the one to be
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used.
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2000-06-14 16:02:43 +02:00
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.IP "-B/--use-ascii"
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Use ASCII transfer when getting an FTP file or LDAP info. For FTP, this can
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2000-06-14 16:02:43 +02:00
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also be enforced by using an URL that ends with ";type=A". This option causes
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data sent to stdout to be in text mode for win32 systems.
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2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
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If this option is used twice, the second one will disable ASCII usage.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-c/--continue"
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.B Deprecated. Use '-C -' instead.
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Continue/Resume a previous file transfer. This instructs curl to
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continue appending data on the file where it was previously left,
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possibly because of a broken connection to the server. There must be
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a named physical file to append to for this to work.
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Note: Upload resume is depening on a command named SIZE not always
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present in all ftp servers! Upload resume is for FTP only.
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HTTP resume is only possible with HTTP/1.1 or later servers.
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.IP "-C/--continue-at <offset>"
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Continue/Resume a previous file transfer at the given offset. The
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given offset is the exact number of bytes that will be skipped
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counted from the beginning of the source file before it is transfered
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to the destination.
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If used with uploads, the ftp server command SIZE will not be used by
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curl. Upload resume is for FTP only.
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HTTP resume is only possible with HTTP/1.1 or later servers.
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2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
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If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-d/--data <data>"
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(HTTP) Sends the specified data in a POST request to the HTTP server. Note
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that the data is sent exactly as specified with no extra processing (with all
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newlines cut off). The data is expected to be "url-encoded". This will cause
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curl to pass the data to the server using the content-type
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2000-10-27 12:52:38 +02:00
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application/x-www-form-urlencoded. Compare to -F. If more than one -d/--data
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option is used on the same command line, the data pieces specified will be
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merged together with a separating &-letter. Thus, using '-d name=daniel -d
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skill=lousy' would generate a post chunk that looks like
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'name=daniel&skill=lousy'.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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If you start the data with the letter @, the rest should be a file name to
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2000-10-27 12:52:38 +02:00
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read the data from, or - if you want curl to read the data from stdin. The
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contents of the file must already be url-encoded. Multiple files can also be
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specified.
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2000-08-24 16:28:48 +02:00
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To post data purely binary, you should instead use the --data-binary option.
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-d/--data is the same as --data-ascii.
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2001-01-05 14:44:53 +01:00
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If this option is used serveral times, the ones following the first will
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append data.
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2000-08-24 16:28:48 +02:00
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.IP "--data-ascii <data>"
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(HTTP) This is an alias for the -d/--data option.
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2001-01-05 14:44:53 +01:00
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If this option is used serveral times, the ones following the first will
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append data.
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2000-08-24 16:28:48 +02:00
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.IP "--data-binary <data>"
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(HTTP) This posts data in a similar manner as --data-ascii does, although when
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using this option the entire context of the posted data is kept as-is. If you
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want to post a binary file without the strip-newlines feature of the
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--data-ascii option, this is for you.
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If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
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2001-01-05 14:44:53 +01:00
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If this option is used serveral times, the ones following the first will
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append data.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-D/--dump-header <file>"
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(HTTP/FTP)
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Write the HTTP headers to this file. Write the FTP file info to this
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file if -I/--head is used.
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This option is handy to use when you want to store the cookies that a HTTP
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site sends to you. The cookies could then be read in a second curl invoke by
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using the -b/--cookie option!
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If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-e/--referer <URL>"
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2000-07-25 09:35:51 +02:00
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(HTTP) Sends the "Referer Page" information to the HTTP server. This can also
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be set with the -H/--header flag of course. When used with
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.I -L/--location
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you can append ";auto" to the referer URL to make curl automatically set the
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previous URL when it follows a Location: header. The ";auto" string can be
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used alone, even if you don't set an initial referer.
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If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-E/--cert <certificate[:password]>"
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(HTTPS)
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Tells curl to use the specified certificate file when getting a file
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with HTTPS. The certificate must be in PEM format.
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If the optional password isn't specified, it will be queried for on
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the terminal. Note that this certificate is the private key and the private
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certificate concatenated!
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2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
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If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
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2000-11-22 09:51:41 +01:00
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.IP "--cacert <CA certificate>"
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(HTTPS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate file to verify the
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peer. The certificate must be in PEM format.
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If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-f/--fail"
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(HTTP)
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Fail silently (no output at all) on server errors. This is mostly done
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like this to better enable scripts etc to better deal with failed
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attempts. In normal cases when a HTTP server fails to deliver a
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document, it returns a HTML document stating so (which often also
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describes why and more). This flag will prevent curl from
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outputting that and fail silently instead.
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If this option is used twice, the second will again disable silent failure.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-F/--form <name=content>"
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2000-07-25 23:19:35 +02:00
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(HTTP) This lets curl emulate a filled in form in which a user has pressed the
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submit button. This causes curl to POST data using the content-type
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multipart/form-data according to RFC1867. This enables uploading of binary
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files etc. To force the 'content' part to be be a file, prefix the file name
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with an @ sign. To just get the content part from a file, prefix the file name
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with the letter <. The difference between @ and < is then that @ makes a file
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get attached in the post as a file upload, while the < makes a text field and
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just get the contents for that text field from a file.
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Example, to send your password file to the server, where
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'password' is the name of the form-field to which /etc/passwd will be the
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input:
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.B curl
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-F password=@/etc/passwd www.mypasswords.com
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To read the file's content from stdin insted of a file, use - where the file
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2000-07-25 23:19:35 +02:00
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name should've been. This goes for both @ and < constructs.
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This option can be used multiple times.
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2001-01-19 13:24:46 +01:00
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.IP "-g/--globoff"
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This option switches off the "URL globbing parser". When you set this option,
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you can specify URLs that contain the letters {}[] without having them being
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interpreted by curl itself. Note that these letters are not normal legal URL
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contents but they should be encoded according to the URI standard. (Option
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added in curl 7.6)
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-h/--help"
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Usage help.
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.IP "-H/--header <header>"
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2000-08-02 09:17:56 +02:00
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(HTTP) Extra header to use when getting a web page. You may specify any number
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of extra headers. Note that if you should add a custom header that has the
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same name as one of the internal ones curl would use, your externally set
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header will be used instead of the internal one. This allows you to make even
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trickier stuff than curl would normally do. You should not replace internally
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2000-08-02 09:17:56 +02:00
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set headers without knowing perfectly well what you're doing. Replacing an
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internal header with one without content on the right side of the colon will
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prevent that header from appearing.
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This option can be used multiple times.
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.IP "-i/--include"
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(HTTP)
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Include the HTTP-header in the output. The HTTP-header includes things
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like server-name, date of the document, HTTP-version and more...
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If this option is used twice, the second will again disable header include.
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2000-09-21 10:53:59 +02:00
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.IP "--interface <name>"
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Perform an operation using a specified interface. You can enter interface
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name, IP address or host name. An example could look like:
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.B "curl --interface eth0:1 http://www.netscape.com/"
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If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
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2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.IP "-I/--head"
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(HTTP/FTP)
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Fetch the HTTP-header only! HTTP-servers feature the command HEAD
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which this uses to get nothing but the header of a document. When used
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on a FTP file, curl displays the file size only.
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2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
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If this option is used twice, the second will again disable header only.
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2000-09-21 10:53:59 +02:00
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.IP "--krb4 <level>"
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(FTP) Enable kerberos4 authentication and use. The level must be entered and
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should be one of 'clear', 'safe', 'confidential' or 'private'. Should you use
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a level that is not one of these, 'private' will instead be used.
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2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
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If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-K/--config <config file>"
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
Specify which config file to read curl arguments from. The config file is a
|
|
|
|
|
text file in which command line arguments can be written which then will be
|
|
|
|
|
used as if they were written on the actual command line. Options and their
|
|
|
|
|
parameters must be specified on the same config file line. If the parameter is
|
|
|
|
|
to contain white spaces, the parameter must be inclosed within quotes. If the
|
|
|
|
|
first column of a config line is a '#' character, the rest of the line will be
|
|
|
|
|
treated as a comment.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Specify the filename as '-' to make curl read the file from stdin.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This option can be used multiple times.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-l/--list-only"
|
|
|
|
|
(FTP)
|
|
|
|
|
When listing an FTP directory, this switch forces a name-only view.
|
|
|
|
|
Especially useful if you want to machine-parse the contents of an FTP
|
|
|
|
|
directory since the normal directory view doesn't use a standard look
|
|
|
|
|
or format.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable list only.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-L/--location"
|
2000-08-02 09:17:56 +02:00
|
|
|
|
(HTTP/HTTPS) If the server reports that the requested page has a different
|
|
|
|
|
location (indicated with the header line Location:) this flag will let curl
|
|
|
|
|
attempt to reattempt the get on the new place. If used together with -i or -I,
|
|
|
|
|
headers from all requested pages will be shown. If this flag is used when
|
|
|
|
|
making a HTTP POST, curl will automatically switch to GET after the initial
|
|
|
|
|
POST has been done.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable location following.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-m/--max-time <seconds>"
|
2000-08-02 09:17:56 +02:00
|
|
|
|
Maximum time in seconds that you allow the whole operation to take. This is
|
|
|
|
|
useful for preventing your batch jobs from hanging for hours due to slow
|
|
|
|
|
networks or links going down. This doesn't work fully in win32 systems.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-M/--manual"
|
|
|
|
|
Manual. Display the huge help text.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "-n/--netrc"
|
|
|
|
|
Makes curl scan the
|
|
|
|
|
.I .netrc
|
|
|
|
|
file in the user's home directory for login name and password. This is
|
|
|
|
|
typically used for ftp on unix. If used with http, curl will enable user
|
|
|
|
|
authentication. See
|
2000-07-25 09:35:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.BR netrc(4)
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
for details on the file format. Curl will not complain if that file
|
|
|
|
|
hasn't the right permissions (it should not be world nor group
|
|
|
|
|
readable). The environment variable "HOME" is used to find the home
|
|
|
|
|
directory.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A quick and very simple example of how to setup a
|
|
|
|
|
.I .netrc
|
|
|
|
|
to allow curl to ftp to the machine host.domain.com with user name
|
|
|
|
|
'myself' and password 'secret' should look similar to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.B "machine host.domain.com login myself password secret"
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable netrc usage.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-N/--no-buffer"
|
|
|
|
|
Disables the buffering of the output stream. In normal work situations, curl
|
|
|
|
|
will use a standard buffered output stream that will have the effect that it
|
|
|
|
|
will output the data in chunks, not necessarily exactly when the data arrives.
|
|
|
|
|
Using this option will disable that buffering.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again switch on buffering.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-o/--output <file>"
|
|
|
|
|
Write output to <file> instead of stdout. If you are using {} or [] to fetch
|
|
|
|
|
multiple documents, you can use '#' followed by a number in the <file>
|
|
|
|
|
specifier. That variable will be replaced with the current string for the URL
|
|
|
|
|
being fetched. Like in:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
curl http://{one,two}.site.com -o "file_#1.txt"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
or use several variables like:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
curl http://{site,host}.host[1-5].com -o "#1_#2"
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
2001-01-09 13:24:49 +01:00
|
|
|
|
You may use this option as many times as you have number of URLs.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-O/--remote-name"
|
|
|
|
|
Write output to a local file named like the remote file we get. (Only
|
|
|
|
|
the file part of the remote file is used, the path is cut off.)
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
2001-01-09 13:24:49 +01:00
|
|
|
|
You may use this option as many times as you have number of URLs.
|
2000-09-15 16:15:47 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-p/--proxytunnel"
|
|
|
|
|
When an HTTP proxy is used, this option will cause non-HTTP protocols to
|
|
|
|
|
attempt to tunnel through the proxy instead of merely using it to do HTTP-like
|
|
|
|
|
operations. The tunnel approach is made with the HTTP proxy CONNECT request
|
|
|
|
|
and requires that the proxy allows direct connect to the remote port number
|
|
|
|
|
curl wants to tunnel through to.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable proxy tunnel.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-P/--ftpport <address>"
|
|
|
|
|
(FTP)
|
|
|
|
|
Reverses the initiator/listener roles when connecting with ftp. This
|
|
|
|
|
switch makes Curl use the PORT command instead of PASV. In
|
|
|
|
|
practice, PORT tells the server to connect to the client's specified
|
|
|
|
|
address and port, while PASV asks the server for an ip address and
|
|
|
|
|
port to connect to. <address> should be one of:
|
|
|
|
|
.RS
|
|
|
|
|
.TP 12
|
|
|
|
|
.B interface
|
|
|
|
|
i.e "eth0" to specify which interface's IP address you want to use (Unix only)
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B "IP address"
|
|
|
|
|
i.e "192.168.10.1" to specify exact IP number
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B "host name"
|
|
|
|
|
i.e "my.host.domain" to specify machine
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B "-"
|
|
|
|
|
(any single-letter string) to make it pick the machine's default
|
|
|
|
|
.RE
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-q"
|
|
|
|
|
If used as the first parameter on the command line, the
|
|
|
|
|
.I $HOME/.curlrc
|
|
|
|
|
file will not be read and used as a config file.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "-Q/--quote <comand>"
|
|
|
|
|
(FTP) Send an arbitrary command to the remote FTP server, by using the QUOTE
|
|
|
|
|
command of the server. Not all servers support this command, and the set of
|
|
|
|
|
QUOTE commands are server specific! Quote commands are sent BEFORE the
|
|
|
|
|
transfer is taking place. To make commands take place after a successful
|
|
|
|
|
transfer, prefix them with a dash '-'. You may specify any amount of commands
|
|
|
|
|
to be run before and after the transfer. If the server returns failure for one
|
|
|
|
|
of the commands, the entire operation will be aborted.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This option can be used multiple times.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-r/--range <range>"
|
|
|
|
|
(HTTP/FTP)
|
|
|
|
|
Retrieve a byte range (i.e a partial document) from a HTTP/1.1 or FTP
|
|
|
|
|
server. Ranges can be specified in a number of ways.
|
|
|
|
|
.RS
|
|
|
|
|
.TP 10
|
|
|
|
|
.B 0-499
|
|
|
|
|
specifies the first 500 bytes
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B 500-999
|
|
|
|
|
specifies the second 500 bytes
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B -500
|
|
|
|
|
specifies the last 500 bytes
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B 9500
|
|
|
|
|
specifies the bytes from offset 9500 and forward
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B 0-0,-1
|
|
|
|
|
specifies the first and last byte only(*)(H)
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B 500-700,600-799
|
|
|
|
|
specifies 300 bytes from offset 500(H)
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B 100-199,500-599
|
|
|
|
|
specifies two separate 100 bytes ranges(*)(H)
|
|
|
|
|
.RE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) = NOTE that this will cause the server to reply with a multipart
|
|
|
|
|
response!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You should also be aware that many HTTP/1.1 servers do not have this feature
|
|
|
|
|
enabled, so that when you attempt to get a range, you'll instead get the whole
|
|
|
|
|
document.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FTP range downloads only support the simple syntax 'start-stop' (optionally
|
|
|
|
|
with one of the numbers omitted). It depends on the non-RFC command SIZE.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-s/--silent"
|
|
|
|
|
Silent mode. Don't show progress meter or error messages. Makes
|
|
|
|
|
Curl mute.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable mute.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-S/--show-error"
|
|
|
|
|
When used with -s it makes curl show error message if it fails.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable show error.
|
2001-02-20 18:35:51 +01:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-t/--telnet-option <OPT=val>"
|
|
|
|
|
Pass options to the telnet protocol. Supported options are:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TTYPE=<term> Sets the terminal type.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
XDISPLOC=<X display> Sets the X display location.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NEW_ENV=<var,val> Sets an environment variable.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-T/--upload-file <file>"
|
|
|
|
|
Like -t, but this transfers the specified local file. If there is no
|
|
|
|
|
file part in the specified URL, Curl will append the local file
|
|
|
|
|
name. NOTE that you must use a trailing / on the last directory to
|
|
|
|
|
really prove to Curl that there is no file name or curl will
|
|
|
|
|
think that your last directory name is the remote file name to
|
|
|
|
|
use. That will most likely cause the upload operation to fail. If
|
|
|
|
|
this is used on a http(s) server, the PUT command will be used.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-u/--user <user:password>"
|
|
|
|
|
Specify user and password to use when fetching. See README.curl for detailed
|
|
|
|
|
examples of how to use this. If no password is specified, curl will
|
|
|
|
|
ask for it interactively.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-U/--proxy-user <user:password>"
|
|
|
|
|
Specify user and password to use for Proxy authentication. If no
|
|
|
|
|
password is specified, curl will ask for it interactively.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-11-22 08:53:15 +01:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "--url <URL>"
|
2001-01-09 13:24:49 +01:00
|
|
|
|
Specify a URL to fetch. This option is mostly handy when you wanna specify
|
|
|
|
|
URL(s) in a config file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This option may be used any number of times. To control where this URL is written, use the
|
|
|
|
|
.I -o
|
|
|
|
|
or the
|
|
|
|
|
.I -O
|
|
|
|
|
options.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-v/--verbose"
|
|
|
|
|
Makes the fetching more verbose/talkative. Mostly usable for
|
|
|
|
|
debugging. Lines starting with '>' means data sent by curl, '<'
|
|
|
|
|
means data received by curl that is hidden in normal cases and lines
|
|
|
|
|
starting with '*' means additional info provided by curl.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable verbose.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-V/--version"
|
|
|
|
|
Displays the full version of curl, libcurl and other 3rd party libraries
|
|
|
|
|
linked with the executable.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "-w/--write-out <format>"
|
|
|
|
|
Defines what to display after a completed and successful operation. The format
|
|
|
|
|
is a string that may contain plain text mixed with any number of variables. The
|
|
|
|
|
string can be specified as "string", to get read from a particular file you
|
|
|
|
|
specify it "@filename" and to tell curl to read the format from stdin you
|
|
|
|
|
write "@-".
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The variables present in the output format will be substituted by the value or
|
|
|
|
|
text that curl thinks fit, as described below. All variables are specified
|
|
|
|
|
like %{variable_name} and to output a normal % you just write them like
|
|
|
|
|
%%. You can output a newline by using \\n, a carrige return with \\r and a tab
|
|
|
|
|
space with \\t.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.B NOTE:
|
|
|
|
|
The %-letter is a special letter in the win32-environment, where all
|
|
|
|
|
occurrences of % must be doubled when using this option.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Available variables are at this point:
|
|
|
|
|
.RS
|
|
|
|
|
.TP 15
|
|
|
|
|
.B url_effective
|
|
|
|
|
The URL that was fetched last. This is mostly meaningful if you've told curl
|
|
|
|
|
to follow location: headers.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B http_code
|
|
|
|
|
The numerical code that was found in the last retrieved HTTP(S) page.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B time_total
|
|
|
|
|
The total time, in seconds, that the full operation lasted. The time will be
|
|
|
|
|
displayed with millisecond resolution.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B time_namelookup
|
|
|
|
|
The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the name resolving was
|
|
|
|
|
completed.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B time_connect
|
|
|
|
|
The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the connect to the remote
|
|
|
|
|
host (or proxy) was completed.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B time_pretransfer
|
|
|
|
|
The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the file transfer is just
|
|
|
|
|
about to begin. This includes all pre-transfer commands and negotiations that
|
|
|
|
|
are specific to the particular protocol(s) involved.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B size_download
|
|
|
|
|
The total amount of bytes that were downloaded.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B size_upload
|
|
|
|
|
The total amount of bytes that were uploaded.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
2000-10-04 15:08:54 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.B size_header
|
|
|
|
|
The total amount of bytes of the downloaded headers.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B size_request
|
|
|
|
|
The total amount of bytes that were sent in the HTTP request.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.B speed_download
|
|
|
|
|
The average download speed that curl measured for the complete download.
|
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
|
.B speed_upload
|
2000-10-04 15:08:54 +02:00
|
|
|
|
The average upload speed that curl measured for the complete upload.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.RE
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-x/--proxy <proxyhost[:port]>"
|
|
|
|
|
Use specified proxy. If the port number is not specified, it is assumed at
|
|
|
|
|
port 1080.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-X/--request <command>"
|
|
|
|
|
(HTTP)
|
|
|
|
|
Specifies a custom request to use when communicating with the HTTP server.
|
|
|
|
|
The specified request will be used instead of the standard GET. Read the
|
|
|
|
|
HTTP 1.1 specification for details and explanations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(FTP)
|
|
|
|
|
Specifies a custom FTP command to use instead of LIST when doing file lists
|
|
|
|
|
with ftp.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-y/--speed-time <time>"
|
|
|
|
|
If a download is slower than speed-limit bytes per second during a speed-time
|
|
|
|
|
period, the download gets aborted. If speed-time is used, the default
|
|
|
|
|
speed-limit will be 1 unless set with -y.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-Y/--speed-limit <speed>"
|
|
|
|
|
If a download is slower than this given speed, in bytes per second, for
|
|
|
|
|
speed-time seconds it gets aborted. speed-time is set with -Y and is 30 if
|
|
|
|
|
not set.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-z/--time-cond <date expression>"
|
|
|
|
|
(HTTP)
|
|
|
|
|
Request to get a file that has been modified later than the given time and
|
|
|
|
|
date, or one that has been modified before that time. The date expression can
|
|
|
|
|
be all sorts of date strings or if it doesn't match any internal ones, it
|
|
|
|
|
tries to get the time from a given file name instead! See the
|
|
|
|
|
.BR "GNU date(1)"
|
2000-08-02 09:17:56 +02:00
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
|
.BR "curl_getdate(3)"
|
|
|
|
|
man pages for date expression details.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Start the date expression with a dash (-) to make it request for a document
|
|
|
|
|
that is older than the given date/time, default is a document that is newer
|
|
|
|
|
than the specified date/time.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "-3/--sslv3"
|
|
|
|
|
(HTTPS)
|
|
|
|
|
Forces curl to use SSL version 3 when negotiating with a remote SSL server.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "-2/--sslv2"
|
|
|
|
|
(HTTPS)
|
|
|
|
|
Forces curl to use SSL version 2 when negotiating with a remote SSL server.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "-#/--progress-bar"
|
|
|
|
|
Make curl display progress information as a progress bar instead of the
|
|
|
|
|
default statistics.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable the progress bar.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "--crlf"
|
|
|
|
|
(FTP) Convert LF to CRLF in upload. Useful for MVS (OS/390).
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used twice, the second will again disable crlf converting.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP "--stderr <file>"
|
|
|
|
|
Redirect all writes to stderr to the specified file instead. If the file name
|
|
|
|
|
is a plain '-', it is instead written to stdout. This option has no point when
|
|
|
|
|
you're using a shell with decent redirecting capabilities.
|
2001-01-04 11:34:05 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is used serveral times, the last one will be used.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.SH FILES
|
|
|
|
|
.I ~/.curlrc
|
|
|
|
|
.RS
|
|
|
|
|
Default config file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.SH ENVIRONMENT
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "HTTP_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]"
|
|
|
|
|
Sets proxy server to use for HTTP.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "HTTPS_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]"
|
|
|
|
|
Sets proxy server to use for HTTPS.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "FTP_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]"
|
|
|
|
|
Sets proxy server to use for FTP.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "GOPHER_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]"
|
|
|
|
|
Sets proxy server to use for GOPHER.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "ALL_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]"
|
|
|
|
|
Sets proxy server to use if no protocol-specific proxy is set.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "NO_PROXY <comma-separated list of hosts>"
|
|
|
|
|
list of host names that shouldn't go through any proxy. If set to a
|
|
|
|
|
asterisk '*' only, it matches all hosts.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP "COLUMNS <integer>"
|
|
|
|
|
The width of the terminal. This variable only affects curl when the
|
|
|
|
|
--progress-bar option is used.
|
|
|
|
|
.SH EXIT CODES
|
|
|
|
|
There exists a bunch of different error codes and their corresponding error
|
|
|
|
|
messages that may appear during bad conditions. At the time of this writing,
|
|
|
|
|
the exit codes are:
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 1
|
|
|
|
|
Unsupported protocol. This build of curl has no support for this protocol.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 2
|
|
|
|
|
Failed to initialize.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 3
|
|
|
|
|
URL malformat. The syntax was not correct.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 4
|
|
|
|
|
URL user malformatted. The user-part of the URL syntax was not correct.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 5
|
|
|
|
|
Couldn't resolve proxy. The given proxy host could not be resolved.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 6
|
|
|
|
|
Couldn't resolve host. The given remote host was not resolved.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 7
|
|
|
|
|
Failed to connect to host.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 8
|
|
|
|
|
FTP weird server reply. The server sent data curl couldn't parse.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 9
|
|
|
|
|
FTP access denied. The server denied login.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 10
|
|
|
|
|
FTP user/password incorrect. Either one or both were not accepted by the
|
|
|
|
|
server.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 11
|
|
|
|
|
FTP weird PASS reply. Curl couldn't parse the reply sent to the PASS request.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 12
|
|
|
|
|
FTP weird USER reply. Curl couldn't parse the reply sent to the USER request.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 13
|
|
|
|
|
FTP weird PASV reply, Curl couldn't parse the reply sent to the PASV request.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 14
|
2000-11-27 14:32:11 +01:00
|
|
|
|
FTP weird 227 format. Curl couldn't parse the 227-line the server sent.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP 15
|
|
|
|
|
FTP can't get host. Couldn't resolve the host IP we got in the 227-line.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 16
|
|
|
|
|
FTP can't reconnect. Couldn't connect to the host we got in the 227-line.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 17
|
|
|
|
|
FTP couldn't set binary. Couldn't change transfer method to binary.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 18
|
|
|
|
|
Partial file. Only a part of the file was transfered.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 19
|
|
|
|
|
FTP couldn't RETR file. The RETR command failed.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 20
|
|
|
|
|
FTP write error. The transfer was reported bad by the server.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 21
|
|
|
|
|
FTP quote error. A quote command returned error from the server.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 22
|
|
|
|
|
HTTP not found. The requested page was not found. This return code only
|
|
|
|
|
appears if --fail is used.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 23
|
|
|
|
|
Write error. Curl couldn't write data to a local filesystem or similar.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 24
|
|
|
|
|
Malformat user. User name badly specified.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 25
|
|
|
|
|
FTP couldn't STOR file. The server denied the STOR operation.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 26
|
|
|
|
|
Read error. Various reading problems.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 27
|
|
|
|
|
Out of memory. A memory allocation request failed.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 28
|
|
|
|
|
Operation timeout. The specified time-out period was reached according to the
|
|
|
|
|
conditions.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 29
|
|
|
|
|
FTP couldn't set ASCII. The server returned an unknown reply.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 30
|
|
|
|
|
FTP PORT failed. The PORT command failed.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 31
|
|
|
|
|
FTP couldn't use REST. The REST command failed.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 32
|
|
|
|
|
FTP couldn't use SIZE. The SIZE command failed. The command is an extension
|
|
|
|
|
to the original FTP spec RFC 959.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 33
|
|
|
|
|
HTTP range error. The range "command" didn't work.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 34
|
|
|
|
|
HTTP post error. Internal post-request generation error.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 35
|
|
|
|
|
SSL connect error. The SSL handshaking failed.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 36
|
|
|
|
|
FTP bad download resume. Couldn't continue an earlier aborted download.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 37
|
|
|
|
|
FILE couldn't read file. Failed to open the file. Permissions?
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 38
|
|
|
|
|
LDAP cannot bind. LDAP bind operation failed.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 39
|
|
|
|
|
LDAP search failed.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 40
|
|
|
|
|
Library not found. The LDAP library was not found.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 41
|
|
|
|
|
Function not found. A required LDAP function was not found.
|
2000-11-28 10:11:24 +01:00
|
|
|
|
.IP 42
|
|
|
|
|
Aborted by callback. An application told curl to abort the operation.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 43
|
|
|
|
|
Internal error. A function was called with a bad parameter.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 44
|
|
|
|
|
Internal error. A function was called in a bad order.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 45
|
|
|
|
|
Interface error. A specified outgoing interface could not be used.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 46
|
|
|
|
|
Bad password entered. An error was signalled when the password was entered.
|
|
|
|
|
.IP 47
|
|
|
|
|
Too many redirects. When following redirects, curl hit the maximum amount.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.IP XX
|
|
|
|
|
There will appear more error codes here in future releases. The existing ones
|
|
|
|
|
are meant to never change.
|
|
|
|
|
.SH BUGS
|
2000-10-25 09:43:03 +02:00
|
|
|
|
If you do find bugs, mail them to curl-bug@haxx.se.
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.SH AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
|
2000-06-09 09:01:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Daniel Stenberg <Daniel.Stenberg@haxx.se>
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Rafael Sagula <sagula@inf.ufrgs.br>
|
|
|
|
|
- Sampo Kellomaki <sampo@iki.fi>
|
|
|
|
|
- Linas Vepstas <linas@linas.org>
|
|
|
|
|
- Bjorn Reese <breese@mail1.stofanet.dk>
|
|
|
|
|
- Johan Anderson <johan@homemail.com>
|
2000-06-20 17:31:26 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Kjell Ericson <Kjell.Ericson@haxx.se>
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Troy Engel <tengel@sonic.net>
|
|
|
|
|
- Ryan Nelson <ryan@inch.com>
|
2000-06-14 16:02:43 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Bj<42>rn Stenberg <Bjorn.Stenberg@haxx.se>
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Angus Mackay <amackay@gus.ml.org>
|
|
|
|
|
- Eric Young <eay@cryptsoft.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Simon Dick <simond@totally.irrelevant.org>
|
|
|
|
|
- Oren Tirosh <oren@monty.hishome.net>
|
|
|
|
|
- Steven G. Johnson <stevenj@alum.mit.edu>
|
|
|
|
|
- Gilbert Ramirez Jr. <gram@verdict.uthscsa.edu>
|
|
|
|
|
- Andr<64>s Garc<72>a <ornalux@redestb.es>
|
|
|
|
|
- Douglas E. Wegscheid <wegscd@whirlpool.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Mark Butler <butlerm@xmission.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Eric Thelin <eric@generation-i.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Marc Boucher <marc@mbsi.ca>
|
|
|
|
|
- Greg Onufer <Greg.Onufer@Eng.Sun.COM>
|
|
|
|
|
- Doug Kaufman <dkaufman@rahul.net>
|
|
|
|
|
- David Eriksson <david@2good.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Ralph Beckmann <rabe@uni-paderborn.de>
|
|
|
|
|
- T. Yamada <tai@imasy.or.jp>
|
|
|
|
|
- Lars J. Aas <larsa@sim.no>
|
2000-06-14 16:02:43 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- J<>rn Hartroth <Joern.Hartroth@computer.org>
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Matthew Clarke <clamat@van.maves.ca>
|
2001-02-20 18:35:51 +01:00
|
|
|
|
- Linus Nielsen Feltzing <linus@haxx.se>
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Felix von Leitner <felix@convergence.de>
|
|
|
|
|
- Dan Zitter <dzitter@zitter.net>
|
|
|
|
|
- Jongki Suwandi <Jongki.Suwandi@eng.sun.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Chris Maltby <chris@aurema.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Ron Zapp <rzapper@yahoo.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Paul Marquis <pmarquis@iname.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Ellis Pritchard <ellis@citria.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Damien Adant <dams@usa.net>
|
|
|
|
|
- Chris <cbayliss@csc.come>
|
|
|
|
|
- Marco G. Salvagno <mgs@whiz.cjb.net>
|
2000-05-30 00:54:17 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Paul Marquis <pmarquis@iname.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- David LeBlanc <dleblanc@qnx.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Rich Gray at Plus Technologies
|
2000-06-14 16:02:43 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Luong Dinh Dung <u8luong@lhsystems.hu>
|
2000-07-25 23:19:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Torsten Foertsch <torsten.foertsch@gmx.net>
|
2000-07-26 11:34:40 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Kristian K<>hntopp <kris@koehntopp.de>
|
2000-08-21 23:56:41 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Fred Noz <FNoz@siac.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Caolan McNamara <caolan@csn.ul.ie>
|
2000-08-24 21:19:38 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Albert Chin-A-Young <china@thewrittenword.com>
|
2000-09-21 10:53:59 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Stephen Kick <skick@epicrealm.com>
|
|
|
|
|
- Martin Hedenfalk <mhe@stacken.kth.se>
|
|
|
|
|
- Richard Prescott
|
2000-10-04 00:07:09 +02:00
|
|
|
|
- Jason S. Priebe <priebe@wral-tv.com>
|
2000-11-07 00:12:36 +01:00
|
|
|
|
- T. Bharath <TBharath@responsenetworks.com>
|
2000-11-28 10:11:24 +01:00
|
|
|
|
- Alexander Kourakos <awk@users.sourceforge.net>
|
|
|
|
|
- James Griffiths <griffiths_james@yahoo.com>
|
2001-01-08 23:29:31 +01:00
|
|
|
|
- Loic Dachary <loic@senga.org>
|
2001-01-24 15:04:14 +01:00
|
|
|
|
- Robert Weaver <robert.weaver@sabre.com>
|
2001-01-25 13:28:10 +01:00
|
|
|
|
- Ingo Ralf Blum <ingoralfblum@ingoralfblum.com>
|
2001-02-06 00:04:44 +01:00
|
|
|
|
- Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino <itojun@iijlab.net>
|
2000-07-26 11:34:40 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
|
|
|
|
.SH WWW
|
2000-06-09 09:01:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
http://curl.haxx.se
|
2000-05-22 19:35:35 +02:00
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.SH FTP
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ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/www/utilities/curl/
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR ftp (1),
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.BR wget (1),
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.BR snarf (1)
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