2021-10-05 21:37:46 +02:00

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE section PUBLIC "-//Boost//DTD BoostBook XML V1.1//EN"
"http://www.boost.org/tools/boostbook/dtd/boostbook.dtd">
<section id="safe_numerics.promotion_policies.automatic">
<title>automatic</title>
<section>
<title>Description</title>
<para>This type contains the meta-functions to return a type with
sufficient capacity to hold the result of a given binary arithmetic
operation.</para>
<para>The standard C/C++ procedure for executing arithmetic operations on
operands of different types is:<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Convert operands to some common type using a somewhat
elaborate elaborate rules defined in the C++ standard.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Execute the operation.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>If the result of the operation cannot fit in the common type
of the operands, discard the high order bits.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist></para>
<para>The automatic promotion policy replaces the standard C/C++ procedure
for the following one:<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Convert operands to some common type using to the following
rules.<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>For addition. If the operands are both unsigned the
common type will be unsigned. Otherwise it will be
signed.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>For subtraction, the common type will be signed.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>For left/right shift, the sign of the result will be the
sign of the left operand.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>For all other types of operants, if both operands are
unsigned the common type will be unsigned. Otherwise, it will
be signed.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Determine the smallest size of the signed or unsigned type
which can be guaranteed hold the result.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>If this size exceeds the maximum size supported by the
compiler, use the maximum size supported by the compiler.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Execute the operation.<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Convert each operand to the common type.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>If the result cannot be contained in the result type as
above, invoke an error procedure.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Otherwise, return the result in the common type</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist></para>
<para>This type promotion policy is applicable only to safe types whose
base type is an <link linkend="safe_numerics.integer">Integer</link>
type.</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Model of</title>
<para><link
linkend="safe_numerics.promotion_policy">PromotionPolicy</link></para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Example of use</title>
<para>The following example illustrates the <code>automatic</code> type
being passed as a template parameter for the type
<code>safe&lt;int&gt;</code>.</para>
<programlisting>#include &lt;boost/safe_numerics/safe_integer.hpp&gt;
#include &lt;boost/safe_numerics/automatic.hpp&gt;
int main(){
using namespace boost::numeric;
// use automatic promotion policy where C++ standard arithmetic
// might lead to incorrect results
using safe_t = safe&lt;std::int8_t, automatic&gt;;
// In such cases, there is no runtime overhead from using safe types.
safe_t x = 127;
safe_t y = 2;
// z is guaranteed correct without any runtime overhead or exception.
auto z = x + y;
return 0;
}</programlisting>
</section>
<section>
<title>Header</title>
<para><code><ulink
url="../../include/boost/safe_numerics/automatic.hpp"><code>#include
&lt;boost/safe_numerics/automatic.hpp&gt; </code></ulink></code></para>
</section>
</section>