Attempt at simplifying function registration

Fix description of get_guard()

.decent_ci-Linux.yaml

@@ -1,30 +1,53 @@
 compilers:
   - name: "clang"
-    version: "3.5"
+    version: "3.6"
     skip_packaging: true
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON
+    collect_performance_results: true
   - name: "clang"
     build_tag: "LibC++"
-    version: "3.5"
+    version: "3.6"
     skip_packaging: true
     cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
   - name: "clang"
     build_tag: AddressSanitizer
     version: "3.6"
     skip_packaging: true
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DRUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
   - name: "clang"
     build_tag: ThreadSanitizer
     version: "3.6"
     skip_packaging: true
     cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
-  - name: "gcc"
-    version: "4.8"
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
-  - name: "gcc"
-    version: "4.6"
+  - name: "clang"
+    version: "3.7"
     skip_packaging: true
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON
+    collect_performance_results: true
+  - name: "clang"
+    build_tag: "LibC++"
+    version: "3.7"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "gcc"
+    version: "4.9"
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON
+    collect_performance_results: true
+  - name: "gcc"
+    version: "4.9"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    build_tag: "NoThreads"
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON -DMULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED:BOOL=OFF
+    collect_performance_results: true
+  - name: "gcc"
+    version: "5"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON
+    collect_performance_results: true
   - name: cppcheck
-    compiler_extra_flags: --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr -Umax  --suppress="*:cmake*" --suppress="*:unittests/catch.hpp" --force
+    compiler_extra_flags: --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr -Umax  --suppress="*:unittests/catch.hpp" --force --suppress="unusedFunction:*"
+  - name: custom_check
+    commands:
+       - ./contrib/check_for_tabs.rb
+       - ./contrib/check_for_todos.rb
 

.decent_ci-MacOS.yaml

@@ -2,8 +2,4 @@ compilers:
   - name: clang
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA
     build_package_generator: TBZ2
-  - name: clang
-    build_type: Debug
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA
-    skip_packaging: true
 

.decent_ci-Windows.yaml

@@ -11,10 +11,11 @@ compilers:
     compiler_extra_flags: /analyze
     skip_packaging: true
   - name: Visual Studio
-    version: 12
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
-  - name: Visual Studio
-    version: 12
+    version: 14
+    build_type: Debug
     architecture: Win64
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
+    compiler_extra_flags: /analyze
+    skip_packaging: true
+
 

.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Contributing to ChaiScript
+
+Thank you for contributing!
+
+# Pull Requests
+
+Please follow the existing style in the code you are patching.
+
+ - two space indent
+ - no tabs EVER
+ - match the existing indentation level
+ 
+All ChaiScript commits are run through a large set of builds and analysis on all supported platforms. Those results are posted on the 
+[build dashboard](http://chaiscript.com/ChaiScript-BuildResults/index.html). No PR will be accepted until all tests pass.
+
+The build system has full integration with GitHub and you will be notified automatically if all tests have passed.
+
+# Issues
+
+Please do not post a "chaiscript is too slow", "chaiscript compiles too slowly", or "chaiscript needs more documentation" issue
+without first reading the following notes.
+
+## ChaiScript is Too Slow
+
+We are actively working on constently improving the runtime performance of ChaiScript. With the performance being
+[monitored with each commit](http://chaiscript.com/ChaiScript-BuildResults/performance.html).
+
+If you feel you *must* post an issue about performance, please post a complete example that illustrates the exact case you
+feel should be better optimized.
+
+Any issue request regarding performance without a complete example of the issue experienced will be closed.
+
+## ChaiScript Compiles Too Slowly
+
+This is also something we are actively working on. If you need highly optimized build times, please see [this discussion
+on the discourse site](http://discourse.chaiscript.com/t/slow-build-times/94).
+
+## ChaiScript Needs More Documentation
+
+If you have a question that is not addressed in the [cheatsheet](https://github.com/ChaiScript/ChaiScript/blob/develop/cheatsheet.md) 
+please open an issue so we can get the Cheatsheet updated.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+ * Compiler Used:
+ * Operating System:
+ * Architecture (ARM/x86/32bit/64bit/etc): 
+ 
+
+### Expected Behavior 
+
+### Actual Behavior 
+
+### Minimal Example to Reproduce Behavior

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Issue this pull request references: #
+
+Changes proposed in this pull request
+
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ 

.travis.yml

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ compiler:
   - gcc
 env:
   matrix:
-    - GCC_VER="4.6"
-    - GCC_VER="4.8"
+    - GCC_VER="4.9"
+    - GCC_VER="5"
 
   global:
     - secure: eiaR6pXiiEpyB8+LLQ1NvZdl0Yylru1BLy9lMoHl+IpUNGGQGywmW/2WAn77rFfmR1OPA2qWQLfgPwgK0HxUA9HHlot9tre5QhiN2Lw8NOT8tCZ6tTm2+QntDBjBGJyal/knRvQkn/6qs6GxlXRerz4ArnnuPL1vESt3zwB0YtU=
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ env:
 
 before_install:
   - export CXX="g++-$GCC_VER" CC="gcc-$GCC_VER" GCOV="gcov-$GCC_VER"
-  - if [ "$GCC_VER" = "4.8" ]; then export COVERAGE=1 CPPCHECK=1; fi
+  - if [ "$GCC_VER" = "5" ]; then export COVERAGE=1 CPPCHECK=1; fi
   - if [ ${COVERAGE} = 1 ]; then export FUZZY_CMD="-D RUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE"; fi
   - sudo pip install cpp-coveralls
   - sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test -y

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ option(BUILD_MODULES "Build Extra Modules (stl)" TRUE)
 option(BUILD_SAMPLES "Build Samples Folder" FALSE)
 option(RUN_FUZZY_TESTS "Run tests generated by AFL" FALSE)
 option(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED "Use std::make_shared instead of chaiscript::make_shared" FALSE)
+option(RUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS "Run Performance Tests" FALSE)
 
 mark_as_advanced(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED)
 
@@ -100,9 +101,9 @@ set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_LICENSE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/license.txt")
 set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_README "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/readme.md")
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION_FILE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/description.txt")
 
-set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR 5)
-set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR 7)
-set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH 2)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR 6)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR 0)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH 0)
 
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_EXECUTABLES "chai;ChaiScript Eval")
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VENDOR "ChaiScript.com")
@@ -122,16 +123,12 @@ configure_file(Doxyfile.in ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/Doxyfile)
 include(CTest)
 include(CPack)
 
-include(cmake/CheckCXX11Features.cmake)
-
 if(NOT MINGW)
   find_library(READLINE_LIBRARY NAMES readline PATH /usr/lib /usr/local/lib /opt/local/lib)
 endif()
 
-if(HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
-  message(STATUS "Variadic Template support detected")
-else()
-  message(SEND_ERROR "The selected compiler does not support the C++11 feature Variadic Templates.")
+if (UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
+  find_program(VALGRIND NAMES valgrind PATH /usr/bin /usr/local/bin)
 endif()
 
 enable_testing()
@@ -151,21 +148,24 @@ endif()
 if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
   execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -dumpversion OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCC_VERSION)
 
-  if(GCC_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.8)
-    set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++0x")
+  if(GCC_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.9)
+    set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++1y")
   else()
-    set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++11")
+    set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++14")
   endif()
 else()
-  set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++11")
+  set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++14")
 endif()
 
 if(MSVC)
-  add_definitions(/W4)
+  add_definitions(/W4 /w14545 /w34242 /w34254 /w34287 /w44263 /w44265 /w44296 /w44311 /w44826 /we4289 /w14546 /w14547 /w14549 /w14555 /w14619 /w14905 /w14906 /w14928)
 
-  # VS2013 doesn't have magic statics
   if (MSVC_VERSION STREQUAL "1800")
+    # VS2013 doesn't have magic statics
     add_definitions(/w44640)
+  else()
+    # enum warnings are too noisy on MSVC2013
+    add_definitions(/w34062)
   endif()
 
   add_definitions(/bigobj)
@@ -178,10 +178,10 @@ if(MSVC)
   # how to workaround or fix the error. So I'm disabling it globally.
   add_definitions(/wd4503)
 else()
-  add_definitions(-Wall -Wextra -Wshadow -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wold-style-cast -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wunused -Woverloaded-virtual  -pedantic ${CPP11_FLAG})
+  add_definitions(-Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wshadow -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wold-style-cast -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wunused -Woverloaded-virtual  -pedantic ${CPP11_FLAG})
 
   if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
-    add_definitions(-Weverything -Wno-c++98-compat-pedantic  -Wno-c++98-compat -Wno-documentation -Wno-switch-enum -Wno-weak-vtables -Wno-sign-conversion -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-padded -Wno-missing-noreturn -Wno-exit-time-destructors)
+    add_definitions(-Weverything -Wno-c++98-compat-pedantic  -Wno-c++98-compat -Wno-documentation -Wno-switch-enum -Wno-weak-vtables -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-padded -Wno-missing-noreturn -Wno-exit-time-destructors -Wno-documentation-unknown-command)
   else()
     add_definitions(-Wnoexcept)
   endif()
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ endif()
 include_directories(include)
 
 
-set(Chai_INCLUDES include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_engine.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_eval.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.chai include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude_docs.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp)
+set(Chai_INCLUDES include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_engine.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_eval.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude_docs.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/json.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/json_wrap.hpp)
 
 set_source_files_properties(${Chai_INCLUDES} PROPERTIES HEADER_FILE_ONLY TRUE)
 
@@ -266,12 +266,17 @@ if(BUILD_SAMPLES)
   target_link_libraries(memory_leak_test ${LIBS})
   add_executable(inheritance samples/inheritance.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(inheritance ${LIBS})
+  add_executable(factory samples/factory.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(factory ${LIBS})
   add_executable(fun_call_performance samples/fun_call_performance.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(fun_call_performance ${LIBS})
 endif()
 
 
 if(BUILD_MODULES)
+  add_library(test_module MODULE src/test_module.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(test_module ${LIBS})
+
   add_library(stl_extra MODULE src/stl_extra.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(stl_extra ${LIBS})
 
@@ -281,6 +286,9 @@ endif()
 file(GLOB UNIT_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/*.chai ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/3.x/*.chai)
 list(SORT UNIT_TESTS)
 
+file(GLOB PERFORMANCE_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/performance_tests/ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/performance_tests/*.chai)
+list(SORT PERFORMANCE_TESTS)
+
 
 if (RUN_FUZZY_TESTS)
 
@@ -345,8 +353,8 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
           string(REGEX MATCHALL "TEST_CASE\\([ ]*\"[^\"]+\"" found_tests ${contents})
           foreach(hit ${found_tests})
             string(REGEX REPLACE "TEST_CASE\\([ ]*(\"[^\"]+\").*" "\\1" test_name ${hit})
-            add_test(${test_name} "${executable}" ${test_name})
-            set_tests_properties(${test_name} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 660 ENVIRONMENT "PATH=${NEWPATH}")
+            add_test(compiled.${test_name} "${executable}" ${test_name})
+            set_tests_properties(compiled.${test_name} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 660 ENVIRONMENT "PATH=${NEWPATH}")
           endforeach()
         endif()
       endif()
@@ -380,12 +388,32 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
   )
 
 
+  set(TESTS "")
+
   foreach(filename ${UNIT_TESTS})
-    message(STATUS "Adding test ${filename}")
-    add_test(${filename} chai ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
+    message(STATUS "Adding unit test ${filename}")
+    add_test(unit.${filename} chai ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
+    list(APPEND TESTS unit.${filename})
   endforeach()
 
-  set_property(TEST ${UNIT_TESTS}
+  if (RUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS)
+    foreach(filename ${PERFORMANCE_TESTS})
+      message(STATUS "Adding performance test ${filename}")
+
+      add_test(NAME performance.${filename} COMMAND ${VALGRIND} --tool=callgrind --callgrind-out-file=callgrind.performance.${filename} $<TARGET_FILE:chai> ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/performance_tests/${filename})
+      list(APPEND TESTS performance.${filename})
+    endforeach()
+
+    add_executable(profile_cpp_calls_2 performance_tests/profile_cpp_calls_2.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(profile_cpp_calls_2 ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME performance.profile_cpp_calls_2 COMMAND ${VALGRIND} --tool=callgrind --callgrind-out-file=callgrind.performance.profile_cpp_calls_2 $<TARGET_FILE:profile_cpp_calls_2>)
+
+    add_executable(profile_fun_wrappers performance_tests/profile_fun_wrappers.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(profile_fun_wrappers ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME performance.profile_fun_wrappers COMMAND ${VALGRIND} --tool=callgrind --callgrind-out-file=callgrind.performance.profile_fun_wrappers $<TARGET_FILE:profile_fun_wrappers>)
+  endif()
+
+  set_property(TEST ${TESTS}
     PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
     "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/"
     "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
@@ -434,9 +462,6 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
     target_link_libraries(multifile_test ${LIBS})
     add_test(NAME MultiFile_Test COMMAND multifile_test)
 
-    add_library(test_module MODULE src/test_module.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(test_module ${LIBS})
-
     install(TARGETS test_module RUNTIME DESTINATION bin LIBRARY DESTINATION lib/chaiscript)
   endif()
 endif()

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright 2009-2015 Jason Turner
+Copyright 2009-2016 Jason Turner
 Copyright 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner. 
 
 All Rights Reserved.

appveyor.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+version: 5.8.x.{build}
+os: Visual Studio 2015
+environment:
+  matrix:
+  - {}
+build_script:
+- cmd: >-
+    mkdir build
+
+    cd build
+
+    cmake c:\Projects\chaiscript -G "Visual Studio 14"
+
+    cmake --build . --config Debug
+test_script:
+- cmd: ctest -C Debug
+notifications:
+- provider: Webhook
+  url: https://webhooks.gitter.im/e/9ff725a985b5679d1d5d
+  on_build_success: true
+  on_build_failure: true
+  on_build_status_changed: false

cheatsheet.md

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<MyType (const MyType &)>(), "MyType");
 It's not strictly necessary to add types, but it helps with many things. Cloning, better errors, etc.
 
 ```
-chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<MyClass>, "MyClass");
+chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<MyClass>(), "MyClass");
 ```
 
 ## Adding Type Conversions
@@ -90,6 +90,13 @@ A helper function exists for strongly typed and ChaiScript `Vector` function con
 chai.add(chaiscript::vector_conversion<std::vector<int>>());
 ```
 
+A helper function also exists for strongly typed and ChaiScript `Map` function conversion definition:
+
+```
+chai.add(chaiscript::map_conversion<std::map<std::string, int>>());
+```
+
+
 This allows you to pass a ChaiScript function to a function requiring `std::vector<int>`
 
 ## Adding Objects
@@ -100,8 +107,9 @@ chai.add(chaiscript::var(std::ref(somevar), "somevar"); // by reference, shared
 auto shareddouble = std::make_shared<double>(4.3);
 chai.add(chaiscript::var(shareddouble), "shareddouble"); // by shared_ptr, shared between c++ and chai
 chai.add(chaiscript::const_var(somevar), "somevar"); // copied in and made const
-chai.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(somevar), "somevar"); // global const. Throws if value is non-const
-chai.add_global(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // global non-const
+chai.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(somevar), "somevar"); // global const. Throws if value is non-const, throws if object exists
+chai.add_global(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // global non-const, throws if object exists
+chai.set_global(chaiscript::var(somevar), "somevar"); // global non-const, overwrites existing object
 ```
 # Using STL
 ChaiScript recognize many types from STL, but you have to add specific instantiation yourself.
@@ -155,6 +163,28 @@ chaiscript::Boxed_Number(chai.eval("5.3 + 2.1")).get_as<int>(); // works with an
 static_cast<int>(chai.eval<double>("5.3+2.1")); // this version only works if we know that it's a double
 ```
 
+### Conversion Caveats
+
+Conversion to `std::shared_ptr<T> &` is supported for function calls, but if you attempt to keep a reference to a `shared_ptr<>` you might invoke undefined behavior
+
+```cpp
+// ok this is supported, you can register it with chaiscript engine
+void nullify_shared_ptr(std::shared_ptr<int> &t) {
+  t == nullptr
+}
+```
+
+```cpp
+int main()
+{
+  // do some stuff and create a chaiscript instance
+  std::shared_ptr<int> &ptr = chai.eval<std::shared_ptr<int> &>(somevalue);
+  // DO NOT do this. Taking a non-const reference to a shared_ptr is not 
+  // supported and causes undefined behavior in the chaiscript engine
+}
+```
+
+
 ## Sharing Values
 
 ```
@@ -221,11 +251,13 @@ var k = 5; // initialized to 5 (integer)
 var l := k; // reference to k
 auto &m = k; // reference to k
 
-GLOBAL g = 5; // creates a global variable. If global already exists, it is not re-added
-GLOBAL g = 2; // global 'g' now equals 2
+global g = 5; // creates a global variable. If global already exists, it is not re-added
+global g = 2; // global 'g' now equals 2
 
-GLOBAL g2;
-if (g2.is_var_undef()) { g2 = 4; } // only initialize g2 once, if GLOBAL decl hit more than once
+global g2;
+if (g2.is_var_undef()) { g2 = 4; } // only initialize g2 once, if global decl hit more than once
+
+GLOBAL g3; // all upper case version also accepted
 ```
 
 ## Built in Types
@@ -365,6 +397,7 @@ class My_Class {
     this.x = 2; // this would fail with explicit set to true
   }
 };
+```
 
 ## method_missing
 

cmake/CheckCXX11Features.cmake

@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-# Checks for C++11 features
-#  CXX11_FEATURE_LIST - a list containing all supported features
-#  HAS_CXX11_AUTO               - auto keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR            - nullptr
-#  HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA             - lambdas
-#  HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT      - static_assert()
-#  HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES  - rvalue references
-#  HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE           - decltype keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H          - cstdint header
-#  HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG          - long long signed & unsigned types
-#  HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES - variadic templates
-#  HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR          - constexpr keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER      - sizeof() non-static members
-#  HAS_CXX11_FUNC               - __func__ preprocessor constant
-#
-# Original script by Rolf Eike Beer
-# Modifications by Andreas Weis
-#
-CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8.3)
-
-SET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
-IF(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
-	SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++0x")
-endif()
-
-MACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE FEATURE_NAME FEATURE_NUMBER RESULT_VAR)
-	IF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
-		SET(_bindir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cxx11/cxx11_${FEATURE_NAME}")
-
-		IF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME}-N${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\" (N${FEATURE_NUMBER})")
-		ELSE (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME})
-			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\"")
-		ENDIF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-		MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
-
-		SET(_SRCFILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}.cpp")
-		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail.cpp")
-		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail_compile.cpp")
-
-		IF (CROSS_COMPILING)
-			try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
-			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-				try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
-			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-		ELSE (CROSS_COMPILING)
-			try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
-					"${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
-			IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-			ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-			ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-				try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
-						"${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
-				IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-					SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-				ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-					SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-				ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-		ENDIF (CROSS_COMPILING)
-		IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
-			try_compile(_TMP_RESULT "${_bindir}_fail_compile" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE}")
-			IF (_TMP_RESULT)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-			ELSE (_TMP_RESULT)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-			ENDIF (_TMP_RESULT)
-		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
-
-		IF (${RESULT_VAR})
-			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- works")
-			LIST(APPEND CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${RESULT_VAR})
-		ELSE (${RESULT_VAR})
-			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- not supported")
-		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR})
-		SET(${RESULT_VAR} ${${RESULT_VAR}} CACHE INTERNAL "C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
-	ENDIF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
-ENDMACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE)
-
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("auto"               2546 HAS_CXX11_AUTO)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("nullptr"            2431 HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("lambda"             2927 HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("static_assert"      1720 HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("rvalue_references"  2118 HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("decltype"           2343 HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("cstdint"            ""   HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("long_long"          1811 HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("variadic_templates" 2555 HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("constexpr"          2235 HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("sizeof_member"      2253 HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("__func__"           2340 HAS_CXX11_FUNC)
-
-SET(CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${CXX11_FEATURE_LIST} CACHE STRING "C++11 feature support list")
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(FORCE CXX11_FEATURE_LIST)
-
-SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
-UNSET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS)
-

cmake/c++11-test-__func__-N2340.cpp

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#include <cstring>
-
-int main()
-{
-	if (!__func__) { return 1; }
-	if(std::strlen(__func__) <= 0) { return 1; }
-	return 0;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-auto-N2546.cpp

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-
-int main()
-{
-	auto i = 5;
-	auto f = 3.14159f;
-	auto d = 3.14159;
-	bool ret = (
-		(sizeof(f) < sizeof(d)) &&
-		(sizeof(i) == sizeof(int))
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-constexpr-N2235.cpp

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-constexpr int square(int x)
-{
-	return x*x;
-}
-
-constexpr int the_answer()
-{
-	return 42;
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int test_arr[square(3)];
-	bool ret = (
-		(square(the_answer()) == 1764) &&
-		(sizeof(test_arr)/sizeof(test_arr[0]) == 9)
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-cstdint.cpp

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#include <cstdint>
-int main()
-{
-	bool test = 
-		(sizeof(int8_t) == 1) &&
-		(sizeof(int16_t) == 2) &&
-		(sizeof(int32_t) == 4) &&
-		(sizeof(int64_t) == 8);
-	return test ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-decltype-N2343.cpp

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-
-bool check_size(int i)
-{
-	return sizeof(int) == sizeof(decltype(i));
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	bool ret = check_size(42);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-lambda-N2927.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int ret = 0;
-	return ([&ret]() -> int { return ret; })();
-}

cmake/c++11-test-long_long-N1811.cpp

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-int main(void)
-{
-	long long l;
-	unsigned long long ul;
-
-	return ((sizeof(l) >= 8) && (sizeof(ul) >= 8)) ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-nullptr-N2431.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int* test = nullptr;
-	return test ? 1 : 0;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-nullptr-N2431_fail_compile.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int i = nullptr;
-	return 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-rvalue_references-N2118.cpp

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-int foo(int& lvalue)
-{
-	return 123;
-}
-
-int foo(int&& rvalue)
-{
-	return 321;
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int i = 42;
-	return ((foo(i) == 123) && (foo(42) == 321)) ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-sizeof_member-N2253.cpp

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-struct foo {
-	char bar;
-	int baz;
-};
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	bool ret = (
-		(sizeof(foo::bar) == 1) &&
-		(sizeof(foo::baz) >= sizeof(foo::bar)) &&
-		(sizeof(foo) >= sizeof(foo::bar)+sizeof(foo::baz))
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-static_assert-N1720.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	static_assert(0 < 1, "your ordering of integers is screwed");
-	return 0;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-static_assert-N1720_fail_compile.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	static_assert(1 < 0, "this should fail");
-	return 0;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-variadic_templates-N2555.cpp

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-int Accumulate()
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-template<typename T, typename... Ts>
-int Accumulate(T v, Ts... vs)
-{
-	return v + Accumulate(vs...);
-}
-
-template<int... Is>
-int CountElements()
-{
-	return sizeof...(Is);
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int acc = Accumulate(1, 2, 3, 4, -5);
-	int count = CountElements<1,2,3,4,5>();
-	return ((acc == 5) && (count == 5)) ? 0 : 1;
-}

contrib/check_for_tabs.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'json'
+
+`grep -rPIHn '\t' src/* include/* samples/*`.lines { |line|
+  if /(?<filename>.+(hpp|cpp|chai)):(?<linenumber>[0-9]+):(?<restofline>.+)/ =~ line 
+    puts(JSON.dump({:line => linenumber, :filename => filename, :tool => "tab_checker", :message => "Source Code Line Contains Tabs", :messagetype => "warning"}))
+  end
+}
+
+

contrib/check_for_todos.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'json'
+
+`grep -rPIHni 'todo' src/* include/* samples/*`.lines { |line|
+  if /(?<filename>.+(hpp|cpp|chai)):(?<linenumber>[0-9]+):(?<restofline>.+)/ =~ line 
+    puts(JSON.dump({:line => linenumber, :filename => filename, :tool => "todo_checker", :message => "todo: #{restofline.strip}", :messagetype => "info"}))
+  end
+}
+
+

contrib/codeanalysis/fuzzy_tests/chaiscript.dict

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# My dict
+
+
+for="for"
+while="while"
+def="def"
+fun="fun"
+if="if"
+else="else"
+and="&&"
+or="||"
+auto="auto"
+var="var"
+begin_block="{"
+end_block="}"
+empty_vec="[]"
+string="string"
+vector="Vector"
+map="Map"
+return="return"
+break="break"
+true="true"
+false="false"
+class="class"
+attr="attr"
+var="var"
+global="global"
+empty_lambda=" fun(){} "
+empty_fun=" def empty_fun() {} "
+continue="continue"
+float=" 1.1f "
+double=" 2.2 "
+long_double=" 2.2ll "
+unsigned=" 3u "
+unsigned_long=" 4ul "
+unsigned_long_long=" 4ull "
+long_long=" 5ll "
+attr="attr"
+reference_del="auto &"
+int8=" int8_t(1) "
+int16=" int16_t(2) "
+int32=" int32_t(3) "
+int64=" int64_t(4) "
+uint8=" uint8_t(1) "
+uint16=" uint16_t(2) "
+uint32=" uint32_t(3) "
+uint64=" uint64_t(4) "
+int8t="int8_t"
+int16t="int16_t"
+int32t="int32_t"
+int64t="int64_t"
+uint8t="uint8_t"
+uint16t="uint16_t"
+uint32t="uint32_t"
+uint64t="uint64_t"
+
+
+
+
+
+

contrib/codeanalysis/fuzzy_tests/notes.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Command line used to find this crash:
+
+../../Downloads/afl-1.80b/afl-fuzz -i- -o findings -x chaiscript.dict -- ../a.out unit_test.inc @@
+
+If you can't reproduce a bug outside of afl-fuzz, be sure to set the same
+memory limit. The limit used for this fuzzing session was 50.0 MB.
+
+Need a tool to minimize test cases before investigating the crashes or sending
+them to a vendor? Check out the afl-tmin that comes with the fuzzer!
+
+Found any cool bugs in open-source tools using afl-fuzz? If yes, please drop
+me a mail at <lcamtuf@coredump.cx> once the issues are fixed - I'd love to
+add your finds to the gallery at:
+
+  http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/
+
+Thanks :-)

contrib/codeanalysis/fuzzy_tests/use.inc

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+def greet {
+  return("hello")
+}
+
+fun(){ "world" }

include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HPP_

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_defines.hpp

@@ -1,22 +1,19 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DEFINES_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DEFINES_HPP_
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE(x) "" #x
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE(_MSC_FULL_VER)
 #define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC _MSC_VER
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_DECLSPEC
-#if _MSC_VER <= 1800
-#define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_MAGIC_STATICS
+#else
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION __VERSION__
 #endif
 
 #include <vector>
@@ -29,20 +26,31 @@
 #define CHAISCRIPT_WINDOWS
 #endif
 
-#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 8) || (defined(__llvm__) && !defined(CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP))  
-/// Currently only g++>=4.8 supports this natively
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#if defined(__llvm__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "clang(windows)"
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "gcc(mingw)"
+#else
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "msvc"
+#endif
+#else
+#if defined(__llvm__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "clang"
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "gcc"
+#else
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "unknown"
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CHAISCRIPT_MSVC) ||  (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 8) || (defined(__llvm__) && !defined(CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP))
 /// \todo Make this support other compilers when possible
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL
 #endif
 
-#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ == 6)
-#define CHAISCRIPT_GCC_4_6
-#endif
-
-#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 7) || defined(CHAISCRIPT_MSVC) || defined(__llvm__)
-#define CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE override
-#else
-#define CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+#if defined(__llvm__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_CLANG
 #endif
 
 
@@ -52,20 +60,24 @@
 #define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" 
 #endif
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#define CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT throw()
-#define CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR 
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DEBUG true
 #else
-#define CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT noexcept
-#define CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR constexpr
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DEBUG false
 #endif
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <cmath>
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-  static const int version_major = 5;
-  static const int version_minor = 7;
-  static const int version_patch = 2;
+  static const int version_major = 6;
+  static const int version_minor = 0;
+  static const int version_patch = 0;
+
+  static const char *compiler_version = CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION;
+  static const char *compiler_name = CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME;
+  static const bool debug_build = CHAISCRIPT_DEBUG;
 
   template<typename B, typename D, typename ...Arg>
   inline std::shared_ptr<B> make_shared(Arg && ... arg)
@@ -77,6 +89,78 @@ namespace chaiscript {
 #endif
   }
 
+  template<typename Iter, typename Distance>
+    Iter advance_copy(Iter iter, Distance distance) {
+      std::advance(iter, static_cast<typename std::iterator_traits<Iter>::difference_type>(distance));
+      return iter;
+    }
+
+
+  template<typename T>
+    auto parse_num(const char *t_str) -> typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, T>::type
+    {
+      T t = 0;
+      for (char c = *t_str; (c = *t_str); ++t_str) {
+        if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
+          return t;
+        }
+        t *= 10;
+        t += c - '0';
+      }
+      return t;
+    }
+
+
+  template<typename T>
+    auto parse_num(const char *t_str) -> typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<T>::value, T>::type
+    {
+      T t = 0;
+      T base = 0;
+      T decimal_place = 0;
+      bool exponent = false;
+      bool neg_exponent = false;
+
+      const auto final_value = [](const T val, const T baseval, const bool hasexp, const bool negexp) -> T {
+        if (!hasexp) {
+          return val;
+        } else {
+          return baseval * std::pow(T(10), val*T(negexp?-1:1));
+        }
+      };
+
+      for(; *t_str != '\0'; ++t_str) {
+        char c = *t_str;
+        if (c == '.') {
+          decimal_place = 10;
+        } else if (c == 'e' || c == 'E') {
+          exponent = true;
+          decimal_place = 0;
+          base = t;
+          t = 0;
+        } else if (c == '-' && exponent) {
+          neg_exponent = true;
+        } else if (c == '+' && exponent) {
+          neg_exponent = false;
+        } else if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
+          return final_value(t, base, exponent, neg_exponent);
+        } else if (decimal_place < T(10)) {
+          t *= T(10);
+          t += T(c - '0');
+        } else {
+          t += (T(c - '0') / (T(decimal_place)));
+          decimal_place *= 10;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return final_value(t, base, exponent, neg_exponent);
+    }
+
+  template<typename T>
+    T parse_num(const std::string &t_str)
+    {
+      return parse_num<T>(t_str.c_str());
+    }
+
 }
 #endif
 

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "language/chaiscript_prelude.chai"
+#include "language/chaiscript_prelude.hpp"
 #include "utility/json_wrap.hpp"
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
@@ -42,28 +42,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
 
       template<typename T>
-      class unique_lock : public std::unique_lock<T>
-      {
-        public:
-          unique_lock(T &t) : std::unique_lock<T>(t) {}
-      };
+        using unique_lock = std::unique_lock<T>;
 
       template<typename T>
-      class shared_lock : public std::unique_lock<T>
-      {
-        public:
-          shared_lock(T &t) : std::unique_lock<T>(t) {}
-          void unlock() {}
-      };
+        using shared_lock = std::unique_lock<T>;
 
       template<typename T>
-      class lock_guard : public std::lock_guard<T>
-      {
-        public:
-          lock_guard(T &t) : std::lock_guard<T>(t) {}
-      };
+        using lock_guard = std::lock_guard<T>;
 
-      class shared_mutex : public std::mutex { };
+
+      using shared_mutex = std::mutex;
 
       using std::mutex;
 
@@ -77,7 +65,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           public:
 
-            Thread_Storage(void *t_key)
+            explicit Thread_Storage(void *t_key)
               : m_key(t_key)
             {
             }
@@ -129,7 +117,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           public:
 
-            Thread_Storage(void *)
+            explicit Thread_Storage(void *)
             {
             }
 
@@ -160,13 +148,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
             {
               unique_lock<mutex> lock(m_mutex);
 
-              auto itr = m_instances.find(std::this_thread::get_id());
+              const auto id = std::this_thread::get_id();
+              auto itr = m_instances.find(id);
 
               if (itr != m_instances.end()) { return itr->second; }
 
               std::shared_ptr<T> new_instance(std::make_shared<T>());
 
-              m_instances.insert(std::make_pair(std::this_thread::get_id(), new_instance));
+              m_instances.insert(std::make_pair(id, new_instance));
 
               return new_instance;
             }
@@ -182,7 +171,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       class unique_lock 
       {
         public:
-          unique_lock(T &) {}
+          explicit unique_lock(T &) {}
           void lock() {}
           void unlock() {}
       };
@@ -191,7 +180,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       class shared_lock 
       {
         public:
-          shared_lock(T &) {}
+          explicit shared_lock(T &) {}
           void lock() {}
           void unlock() {}
       };
@@ -200,7 +189,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       class lock_guard 
       {
         public:
-          lock_guard(T &) {}
+          explicit lock_guard(T &) {}
       };
 
       class shared_mutex { };
@@ -212,7 +201,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         class Thread_Storage
         {
           public:
-            Thread_Storage(void *)
+            explicit Thread_Storage(void *)
             {
             }
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/any.hpp

@@ -21,17 +21,17 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       class bad_any_cast : public std::bad_cast
       {
         public:
-          bad_any_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+          bad_any_cast() noexcept
             : m_what("bad any cast")
           {
           }
 
           bad_any_cast(const bad_any_cast &) = default;
 
-          virtual ~bad_any_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+          ~bad_any_cast() noexcept override = default;
 
           /// \brief Description of what error occurred
-          virtual const char * what() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          const char * what() const noexcept override
           {
             return m_what.c_str();
           }
@@ -46,16 +46,17 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       private:
         struct Data
         {
-          Data(const std::type_info &t_type) 
+          explicit Data(const std::type_info &t_type) 
             : m_type(t_type)
           {
           }
 
           Data &operator=(const Data &) = delete;
 
-          virtual ~Data() {}
+          virtual ~Data() = default;
 
           virtual void *data() = 0;
+
           const std::type_info &type() const
           {
             return m_type;
@@ -74,14 +75,12 @@ namespace chaiscript {
             {
             }
 
-            virtual ~Data_Impl() {}
-
-            virtual void *data() CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+            virtual void *data() override
             {
               return &m_data;
             }
 
-            std::unique_ptr<Data> clone() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+            std::unique_ptr<Data> clone() const override
             {
               return std::unique_ptr<Data>(new Data_Impl<T>(m_data));
             }
@@ -96,6 +95,8 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       public:
         // construct/copy/destruct
         Any() = default;
+        Any(Any &&) = default;
+        Any &operator=(Any &&t_any) = default;
 
         Any(const Any &t_any) 
         { 
@@ -107,10 +108,6 @@ namespace chaiscript {
           }
         }
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER  != 1800
-        Any(Any &&) = default;
-        Any &operator=(Any &&t_any) = default;
-#endif
 
         template<typename ValueType,
           typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<Any, typename std::decay<ValueType>::type>::value>::type>
@@ -139,10 +136,6 @@ namespace chaiscript {
           }
 
 
-        ~Any()
-        {
-        }
-
         // modifiers
         Any & swap(Any &t_other)
         {

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BAD_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     {
       public:
         bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to,
-            std::string t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+            std::string t_what) noexcept
           : from(std::move(t_from)), to(&t_to), m_what(std::move(t_what))
         {
         }
@@ -40,16 +40,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        bad_boxed_cast(std::string t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        explicit bad_boxed_cast(std::string t_what) noexcept
           : to(nullptr), m_what(std::move(t_what))
         {
         }
 
         bad_boxed_cast(const bad_boxed_cast &) = default;
-        virtual ~bad_boxed_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+        virtual ~bad_boxed_cast() noexcept = default;
 
         /// \brief Description of what error occurred
-        virtual const char * what() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        virtual const char * what() const noexcept override
         {
           return m_what.c_str();
         }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BIND_FIRST_HPP_

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOOTSTRAP_HPP_
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #include "operators.hpp"
 #include "proxy_constructors.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
-#include "proxy_functions_detail.hpp"
 #include "register_function.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
 #include "../utility/utility.hpp"
@@ -442,6 +441,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attrs), "get_attrs");
         m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::set_explicit), "set_explicit");
         m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::is_explicit), "is_explicit");
+        m->add(fun(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::has_attr), "has_attr");
 
         m->add(fun(static_cast<Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &)>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "get_attr");
         m->add(fun(static_cast<const Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &) const>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "get_attr");
@@ -452,13 +452,42 @@ namespace chaiscript
         m->add(fun(static_cast<Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &)>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "[]");
         m->add(fun(static_cast<const Boxed_Value & (dispatch::Dynamic_Object::*)(const std::string &) const>(&dispatch::Dynamic_Object::get_attr)), "[]");
 
-        m->eval(R""(
+        m->eval(R"chaiscript(
           def Dynamic_Object::clone() { 
             auto &new_o = Dynamic_Object(this.get_type_name()); 
             for_each(this.get_attrs(), fun[new_o](x) { new_o.get_attr(x.first) = x.second; } ); 
             new_o; 
           }
-          )"");
+
+          def `=`(Dynamic_Object lhs, Dynamic_Object rhs) : lhs.get_type_name() == rhs.get_type_name()
+          {
+            for_each(rhs.get_attrs(), fun[lhs](x) { lhs.get_attr(x.first) = clone(x.second); } ); 
+          }
+
+          def `!=`(Dynamic_Object lhs, Dynamic_Object rhs) : lhs.get_type_name() == rhs.get_type_name()
+          {
+            var rhs_attrs := rhs.get_attrs();
+            var lhs_attrs := lhs.get_attrs();
+
+            if (rhs_attrs.size() != lhs_attrs.size()) {
+              true;
+            } else {
+              return any_of(rhs_attrs, fun[lhs](x) { !lhs.has_attr(x.first) || lhs.get_attr(x.first) != x.second; } );
+            }
+          }
+
+          def `==`(Dynamic_Object lhs, Dynamic_Object rhs) : lhs.get_type_name() == rhs.get_type_name()
+          {
+            var rhs_attrs := rhs.get_attrs();
+            var lhs_attrs := lhs.get_attrs();
+
+            if (rhs_attrs.size() != lhs_attrs.size()) {
+              false;
+            } else {
+              return all_of(rhs_attrs, fun[lhs](x) { lhs.has_attr(x.first) && lhs.get_attr(x.first) == x.second; } );
+            }
+          }
+        )chaiscript");
 
         m->add(fun(&has_guard), "has_guard");
         m->add(fun(&get_guard), "get_guard");

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 /// \file
@@ -248,13 +248,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
           m->add(
               fun(
                 [](ContainerType &c, int index) -> typename ContainerType::reference {
-                  return c.at(index);
+                  /// \todo we are prefering to keep the key as 'int' to avoid runtime conversions
+                  /// during dispatch. reevaluate
+                  return c.at(static_cast<typename ContainerType::size_type>(index));
                 }), "[]");
 
           m->add(
               fun(
                 [](const ContainerType &c, int index) -> typename ContainerType::const_reference {
-                  return c.at(index);
+                  /// \todo we are prefering to keep the key as 'int' to avoid runtime conversions
+                  /// during dispatch. reevaluate
+                  return c.at(static_cast<typename ContainerType::size_type>(index));
                 }), "[]");
 
           return m;

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// assert(i == 5);
   /// \endcode
   template<typename Type>
-  typename detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::Result_Type boxed_cast(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions = nullptr)
+  typename detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::Result_Type boxed_cast(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions = nullptr)
   {
-    if (!t_conversions || bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Type>()) || (t_conversions && !t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())) {
+    if (!t_conversions || bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Type>()) || (t_conversions && !(*t_conversions)->convertable_type<Type>())) {
       try {
         return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(bv, t_conversions);
       } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
@@ -79,24 +79,22 @@ namespace chaiscript
     }
 
 
-    if (t_conversions && t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())
+    if (t_conversions && (*t_conversions)->convertable_type<Type>())
     {
       try {
-        // std::cout << "trying an up conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << '\n';
         // We will not catch any bad_boxed_dynamic_cast that is thrown, let the user get it
         // either way, we are not responsible if it doesn't work
-        return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
+        return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast((*t_conversions)->boxed_type_conversion<Type>(t_conversions->saves(), bv), t_conversions);
       } catch (...) {
         try {
-        //  std::cout << "trying a down conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << '\n';
-          // try going the other way - down the inheritance graph
-          return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_down_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
+          // try going the other way
+          return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast((*t_conversions)->boxed_type_down_conversion<Type>(t_conversions->saves(), bv), t_conversions);
         } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
           throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
         }
       }
     } else {
-      // If it's not polymorphic, just throw the error, don't waste the time on the 
+      // If it's not convertable, just throw the error, don't waste the time on the 
       // attempted dynamic_cast
       throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
     }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 namespace chaiscript 
 {
-  class Type_Conversions;
+  class Type_Conversions_State;
 
   namespace detail
   {
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
     template<typename Result>
       struct Cast_Helper_Inner
       {
-        typedef std::reference_wrapper<typename std::add_const<Result>::type > Result_Type;
+        typedef typename std::add_const<Result>::type Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
           {
             auto p = throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr());
-            return std::cref(*static_cast<const Result *>(p));
+            return *static_cast<const Result *>(p);
           } else {
             throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
@@ -52,23 +52,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       };
 
-    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const & type
-    template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result>
-      {
-      };
-
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const * type
     template<typename Result>
       struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result *>
       {
         typedef const Result * Result_Type;
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
           {
-            return static_cast<const Result *>(throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr()));
+            return static_cast<const Result *>(ob.get_const_ptr());
           } else {
             throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
@@ -80,11 +74,40 @@ namespace chaiscript
       struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result *>
       {
         typedef Result * Result_Type;
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const() && ob.get_type_info() == typeid(Result))
           {
-            return static_cast<Result *>(throw_if_null(ob.get_ptr()));
+            return static_cast<Result *>(ob.get_ptr());
+          } else {
+            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result * const &> : public Cast_Helper_Inner<Result *>
+    {
+    };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result * const &> : public Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result *>
+    {
+    };
+
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a & type
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &>
+      {
+        typedef const Result& Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
+        {
+          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
+          {
+            auto p = throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr());
+            return *static_cast<const Result *>(p);
           } else {
             throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
           }
@@ -99,7 +122,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef Result& Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const() && ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
           {
@@ -116,7 +139,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef std::shared_ptr<Result> Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           return ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result> >();
         }
@@ -128,7 +151,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef std::shared_ptr<const Result> Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const())
           {
@@ -150,6 +173,21 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       };
 
+    template<typename Result>
+      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> &>
+      {
+        static_assert(!std::is_const<Result>::value, "Non-const reference to std::shared_ptr<const T> is not supported");
+
+        typedef Boxed_Value::Sentinel<Result> Result_Type;
+
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
+        {
+          std::shared_ptr<Result> &res = ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result> >();
+          return ob.pointer_sentinel(res);
+        }
+      };
+
+
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const std::shared_ptr<const> & type
     template<typename Result>
       struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<const Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
@@ -168,7 +206,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef Boxed_Value Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           return ob;
         }
@@ -180,7 +218,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef std::reference_wrapper<Boxed_Value> Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           return std::ref(const_cast<Boxed_Value &>(ob));
         }
@@ -236,7 +274,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef typename Cast_Helper_Inner<T>::Result_Type Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
         {
           return Cast_Helper_Inner<T>::cast(ob, t_conversions);
         }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_NUMERIC_HPP_
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     {
       arithmetic_error(const std::string& reason) : std::runtime_error("Arithmetic error: " + reason) {}
       arithmetic_error(const arithmetic_error &) = default;
-      virtual ~arithmetic_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      virtual ~arithmetic_error() noexcept = default;
     };
   }
 }
@@ -43,16 +43,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
 // this is OK, so we're disabling size/and sign type warnings
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
 #pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4244 4018 4389 4146 4365 4267)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4244 4018 4389 4146 4365 4267 4242)
 #endif
 
 
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunknown-pragmas"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wpragmas"
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-compare"
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-conversion"
 #endif
 
   /// \brief Represents any numeric type, generically. Used internally for generic operations between POD values
@@ -88,7 +91,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       }
 
-      static CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR Common_Types get_common_type(size_t t_size, bool t_signed)
+      static constexpr Common_Types get_common_type(size_t t_size, bool t_signed)
       {
         return   (t_size == 1 && t_signed)?(Common_Types::t_int8)
                 :(t_size == 1)?(Common_Types::t_uint8)
@@ -506,11 +509,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
 
       Boxed_Number(const Boxed_Number &) = default;
-
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER  != 1800
       Boxed_Number(Boxed_Number &&) = default;
       Boxed_Number& operator=(Boxed_Number &&) = default;
-#endif
 
       template<typename T> explicit Boxed_Number(T t)
         : bv(Boxed_Value(t))
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef Boxed_Number Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *)
         {
           return Boxed_Number(ob);
         }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_VALUE_HPP_
@@ -62,10 +62,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         Data(const Data &) = delete;
 
-#if !defined(__APPLE__) && (!defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER != 1800)
         Data(Data &&) = default;
         Data &operator=(Data &&rhs) = default;
-#endif
 
 
         Type_Info m_type_info;
@@ -189,11 +187,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
       }
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER != 1800
       Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value&&) = default;
       Boxed_Value& operator=(Boxed_Value&&) = default;
-#endif
-
       Boxed_Value(const Boxed_Value&) = default;
       Boxed_Value& operator=(const Boxed_Value&) = default;
 
@@ -210,63 +205,107 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return *this;
       }
 
-      const Type_Info &get_type_info() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      const Type_Info &get_type_info() const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_type_info;
       }
 
       /// return true if the object is uninitialized
-      bool is_undef() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      bool is_undef() const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_type_info.is_undef();
       }
 
-      bool is_const() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      bool is_const() const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_type_info.is_const();
       }
 
-      bool is_type(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      bool is_type(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_type_info.bare_equal(ti);
       }
 
-      bool is_null() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      template<typename T>
+      struct Sentinel {
+        Sentinel(std::shared_ptr<T> &ptr, Data &data)
+          : m_ptr(ptr), m_data(data)
+        {
+        }
+
+        ~Sentinel()
+        {
+          // save new pointer data
+          m_data.get().m_data_ptr = m_ptr.get().get();
+          m_data.get().m_const_data_ptr = m_ptr.get().get();
+        }
+
+        Sentinel& operator=(Sentinel&&s) {
+          m_ptr = std::move(s.m_ptr);
+          m_data = std::move(s.m_data);
+        }
+
+        Sentinel(Sentinel &&s)
+          : m_ptr(std::move(s.m_ptr)),
+            m_data(std::move(s.m_data))
+        {
+        }
+
+        operator std::shared_ptr<T>&() const
+        {
+          return m_ptr.get();
+        }
+
+        Sentinel &operator=(const Sentinel &) = delete;
+        Sentinel(Sentinel&) = delete;
+
+        std::reference_wrapper<std::shared_ptr<T>> m_ptr;
+        std::reference_wrapper<Data> m_data;
+      };
+
+
+      template<typename T>
+      Sentinel<T> pointer_sentinel(std::shared_ptr<T> &ptr) const
+      {
+        return Sentinel<T>(ptr, *(m_data.get()));
+      }
+
+      bool is_null() const noexcept
       {
         return (m_data->m_data_ptr == nullptr && m_data->m_const_data_ptr == nullptr);
       }
 
-      const chaiscript::detail::Any & get() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      const chaiscript::detail::Any & get() const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_obj;
       }
 
-      bool is_ref() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      bool is_ref() const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_is_ref;
       }
 
-      bool is_return_value() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      bool is_return_value() const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_return_value;
       }
 
-      void reset_return_value() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      void reset_return_value() const noexcept
       {
         m_data->m_return_value = false;
       }
 
-      bool is_pointer() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      bool is_pointer() const noexcept
       {
         return !is_ref();
       }
 
-      void *get_ptr() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      void *get_ptr() const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_data_ptr;
       }
 
-      const void *get_const_ptr() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      const void *get_const_ptr() const noexcept
       {
         return m_data->m_const_data_ptr;
       }
@@ -306,7 +345,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
       /// \returns true if the two Boxed_Values share the same internal type
-      static bool type_match(const Boxed_Value &l, const Boxed_Value &r) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      static bool type_match(const Boxed_Value &l, const Boxed_Value &r) noexcept
       {
         return l.get_type_info() == r.get_type_info();
       }
@@ -416,10 +455,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
       return detail::const_var_impl(t);
     }
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_HAS_MAGIC_STATICS
+  inline Boxed_Value void_var() {
+    static const auto v = Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value::Void_Type());
+    return v;
+  }
+
   inline Boxed_Value const_var(bool b) {
-    static auto t = detail::const_var_impl(true);
-    static auto f = detail::const_var_impl(false);
+    static const auto t = detail::const_var_impl(true);
+    static const auto f = detail::const_var_impl(false);
 
     if (b) {
       return t;
@@ -427,7 +470,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
       return f;
     }
   }
-#endif
 
 }
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/callable_traits.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_CALLABLE_TRAITS_HPP_
@@ -13,53 +13,6 @@ namespace chaiscript {
   namespace dispatch {
     namespace detail {
 
-      template<typename Class, typename ... Param>
-      struct Constructor
-      {
-        template<typename ... Inner>
-        std::shared_ptr<Class> operator()(Inner&& ... inner) const {
-          return std::make_shared<Class>(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
-        }
-      };
-
-      template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
-      struct Const_Caller
-      {
-        Const_Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const) : m_func(t_func) {}
-
-        template<typename ... Inner>
-        Ret operator()(const Class &o, Inner&& ... inner) const {
-          return (o.*m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
-        }
-
-        Ret (Class::*m_func)(Param...) const;
-      };
-
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
-      struct Fun_Caller
-      {
-        Fun_Caller(Ret( * t_func)(Param...) ) : m_func(t_func) {}
-
-        template<typename ... Inner>
-        Ret operator()(Inner&& ... inner) const {
-          return (m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
-        }
-
-        Ret(*m_func)(Param...);
-      };
-
-      template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
-      struct Caller
-      {
-        Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...)) : m_func(t_func) {}
-
-        template<typename ... Inner>
-        Ret operator()(Class &o, Inner&& ... inner) const {
-          return (o.*m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
-        }
-
-        Ret (Class::*m_func)(Param...);
-      };
 
       template<typename T>
         struct Arity

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DISPATCHKIT_HPP_
@@ -56,14 +56,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class reserved_word_error : public std::runtime_error
     {
       public:
-        reserved_word_error(const std::string &t_word) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        explicit reserved_word_error(const std::string &t_word) noexcept
           : std::runtime_error("Reserved word not allowed in object name: " + t_word), m_word(t_word)
         {
         }
 
         reserved_word_error(const reserved_word_error &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~reserved_word_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+        virtual ~reserved_word_error() noexcept = default;
 
         std::string word() const
         {
@@ -78,14 +78,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class illegal_name_error : public std::runtime_error
     {
       public:
-        illegal_name_error(const std::string &t_name) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        explicit illegal_name_error(const std::string &t_name) noexcept
           : std::runtime_error("Reserved name not allowed in object name: " + t_name), m_name(t_name)
         {
         }
 
         illegal_name_error(const illegal_name_error &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~illegal_name_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+        virtual ~illegal_name_error() noexcept = default;
 
         std::string name() const
         {
@@ -101,14 +101,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class name_conflict_error : public std::runtime_error
     {
       public:
-        name_conflict_error(const std::string &t_name) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        explicit name_conflict_error(const std::string &t_name) noexcept
           : std::runtime_error("Name already exists in current context " + t_name), m_name(t_name)
         {
         }
 
         name_conflict_error(const name_conflict_error &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~name_conflict_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+        virtual ~name_conflict_error() noexcept = default;
 
         std::string name() const
         {
@@ -125,13 +125,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class global_non_const : public std::runtime_error
     {
       public:
-        global_non_const() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        global_non_const() noexcept
           : std::runtime_error("a global object must be const")
         {
         }
 
         global_non_const(const global_non_const &) = default;
-        virtual ~global_non_const() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+        virtual ~global_non_const() noexcept = default;
     };
   }
 
@@ -194,15 +194,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
           apply_globals(m_globals.begin(), m_globals.end(), t_engine);
         }
 
-      ~Module()
-      {
-      }
-
       bool has_function(const Proxy_Function &new_f, const std::string &name)
       {
-        return std::any_of(m_funcs.begin(), m_funcs.end(), [&](const std::pair<Proxy_Function, std::string> &existing_f) {
+        return std::any_of(m_funcs.begin(), m_funcs.end(), 
+            [&](const std::pair<Proxy_Function, std::string> &existing_f) {
               return existing_f.second == name && *(existing_f.first) == *(new_f);
-          });
+            }
+          );
       }
       
 
@@ -216,8 +214,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       template<typename T, typename InItr>
         static void apply(InItr begin, const InItr end, T &t) 
         {
-          for_each(begin, end, [&t](typename std::iterator_traits<InItr>::reference obj)
-              {
+          for_each(begin, end, 
+              [&t](const auto &obj) {
                 try {
                   t.add(obj.first, obj.second);
                 } catch (const chaiscript::exception::name_conflict_error &) {
@@ -267,7 +265,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// A Proxy_Function implementation that is able to take
     /// a vector of Proxy_Functions and perform a dispatch on them. It is 
     /// used specifically in the case of dealing with Function object variables
-    class Dispatch_Function : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base
+    class Dispatch_Function final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base
     {
       public:
         Dispatch_Function(std::vector<Proxy_Function> t_funcs)
@@ -276,7 +274,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual bool operator==(const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base &rhs) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        bool operator==(const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base &rhs) const override
         {
           try {
             const auto &dispatch_fun = dynamic_cast<const Dispatch_Function &>(rhs);
@@ -286,9 +284,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
-        virtual ~Dispatch_Function() {}
-
-        virtual std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const override
         {
           return std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>(m_funcs.begin(), m_funcs.end());
         }
@@ -314,19 +310,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return arity;
         }
 
-        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
-          return std::any_of(m_funcs.cbegin(), m_funcs.cend(),
+          return std::any_of(std::begin(m_funcs), std::end(m_funcs),
                              [&vals, &t_conversions](const Proxy_Function &f){ return f->call_match(vals, t_conversions); });
         }
 
-        virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        std::string annotation() const override
         {
           return "Multiple method dispatch function wrapper.";
         }
 
       protected:
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
           return dispatch::dispatch(m_funcs, params, t_conversions);
         }
@@ -442,7 +438,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         template<typename Type>
           typename detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::Result_Type boxed_cast(const Boxed_Value &bv) const
           {
-            return chaiscript::boxed_cast<Type>(bv, &m_conversions);
+            Type_Conversions_State state(m_conversions, m_conversions.conversion_saves());
+            return chaiscript::boxed_cast<Type>(bv, &state);
           }
 
         /// Add a new conversion for upcasting to a base class
@@ -561,6 +558,21 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
+        /// Updates an existing global shared object or adds a new global shared object if not found
+        void set_global(const Boxed_Value &obj, const std::string &name)
+        {
+          validate_object_name(name);
+
+          chaiscript::detail::threading::unique_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
+
+          const auto itr = m_state.m_global_objects.find(name);
+          if (itr != m_state.m_global_objects.end())
+          {
+            itr->second.assign(obj);
+          } else {
+            m_state.m_global_objects.insert(std::make_pair(name, obj));
+          }
+        }
 
         /// Adds a new scope to the stack
         void new_scope()
@@ -575,34 +587,32 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
         /// Adds a new scope to the stack
-        void new_scope(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
+        static void new_scope(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
         {
           get_stack_data(t_holder).emplace_back();
           t_holder.call_params.emplace_back();
         }
 
         /// Pops the current scope from the stack
-        void pop_scope(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
+        static void pop_scope(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
         {
           t_holder.call_params.pop_back();
           StackData &stack = get_stack_data(t_holder);
-          if (stack.size() > 1)
-          {
+
+          assert(!stack.empty());
+
           stack.pop_back();
-          } else {
-            throw std::range_error("Unable to pop global stack");
-          }
         }
 
 
         /// Pushes a new stack on to the list of stacks
-        void new_stack(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
+        static void new_stack(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
         {
           // add a new Stack with 1 element
           t_holder.stacks.emplace_back(1);
         }
 
-        void pop_stack(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
+        static void pop_stack(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
         {
           t_holder.stacks.pop_back();
         }
@@ -610,7 +620,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         /// Searches the current stack for an object of the given name
         /// includes a special overload for the _ place holder object to
         /// ensure that it is always in scope.
-        Boxed_Value get_object(const std::string &name, std::atomic_uint_fast32_t &t_loc) const
+        Boxed_Value get_object(const std::string &name, std::atomic_uint_fast32_t &t_loc, Stack_Holder &t_holder) const
         {
           enum class Loc : uint_fast32_t {
             located    = 0x80000000,
@@ -619,11 +629,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
             loc_mask   = 0x0000FFFF
           };
 
-          uint_fast32_t loc = t_loc.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+          uint_fast32_t loc = t_loc;
 
           if (loc == 0)
           {
-            auto &stack = get_stack_data();
+            auto &stack = get_stack_data(t_holder);
 
             // Is it in the stack?
             for (auto stack_elem = stack.rbegin(); stack_elem != stack.rend(); ++stack_elem)
@@ -631,19 +641,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
               for (auto s = stack_elem->begin(); s != stack_elem->end(); ++s )
               {
                 if (s->first == name) {
-                  t_loc.store( static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(std::distance(stack.rbegin(), stack_elem) << 16)
+                  t_loc = static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(std::distance(stack.rbegin(), stack_elem) << 16)
                               | static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(std::distance(stack_elem->begin(), s))
                               | static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::located)
-                             | static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::is_local),
-                             std::memory_order_relaxed);
+                              | static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::is_local);
                   return s->second;
                 }
               }
             }
 
-            t_loc.store( static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::located), std::memory_order_relaxed);
+            t_loc = static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::located);
           } else if (loc & static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::is_local)) {
-            auto &stack = get_stack_data();
+            auto &stack = get_stack_data(t_holder);
 
             return stack[stack.size() - 1 - ((loc & static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::stack_mask)) >> 16)][loc & static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(Loc::loc_mask)].second;
           }
@@ -659,7 +668,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           // no? is it a function object?
           auto obj = get_function_object_int(name, loc);
-          if (obj.first != loc) t_loc.store(uint_fast32_t(obj.first), std::memory_order_relaxed);
+          if (obj.first != loc) t_loc = uint_fast32_t(obj.first);
           return obj.second;
 
 
@@ -722,9 +731,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         std::shared_ptr<std::vector<Proxy_Function>> get_method_missing_functions() const
         {
-          uint_fast32_t method_missing_loc = m_method_missing_loc.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+          uint_fast32_t method_missing_loc = m_method_missing_loc;
           auto method_missing_funs = get_function("method_missing", method_missing_loc);
-          if (method_missing_funs.first != method_missing_loc) m_method_missing_loc.store(uint_fast32_t(method_missing_funs.first), std::memory_order_relaxed);
+          if (method_missing_funs.first != method_missing_loc) m_method_missing_loc = uint_fast32_t(method_missing_funs.first);
           return std::move(method_missing_funs.second);
         }
 
@@ -895,22 +904,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_conversions;
         }
 
-        bool is_attribute_call(const std::vector<Proxy_Function> &t_funs, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params,
-            bool t_has_params) const
+        static bool is_attribute_call(const std::vector<Proxy_Function> &t_funs, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params,
+            bool t_has_params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)
         {
           if (!t_has_params || t_params.empty()) {
             return false;
           }
 
-          for (const auto &fun : t_funs) {
-            if (fun->is_attribute_function()) {
-              if (fun->compare_first_type(t_params[0], m_conversions)) {
-                return true;
-              }
-            }
+          return std::any_of(std::begin(t_funs), std::end(t_funs),
+              [&](const auto &fun) {
+                return fun->is_attribute_function() && fun->compare_first_type(t_params[0], t_conversions);
               }
+            );
 
-          return false;
         }
 
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
@@ -919,14 +925,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
 #pragma warning(push)
 #pragma warning(disable : 4715)
 #endif
-        Boxed_Value call_member(const std::string &t_name, std::atomic_uint_fast32_t &t_loc, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, bool t_has_params)
+        Boxed_Value call_member(const std::string &t_name, std::atomic_uint_fast32_t &t_loc, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, bool t_has_params,
+                                const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)
         {
-          uint_fast32_t loc = t_loc.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+          uint_fast32_t loc = t_loc;
           const auto funs = get_function(t_name, loc);
-          if (funs.first != loc) t_loc.store(uint_fast32_t(funs.first), std::memory_order_relaxed);
+          if (funs.first != loc) t_loc = uint_fast32_t(funs.first);
 
           const auto do_attribute_call = 
-            [this](int l_num_params, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &l_params, const std::vector<Proxy_Function> &l_funs, const Type_Conversions &l_conversions)->Boxed_Value
+            [this](int l_num_params, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &l_params, const std::vector<Proxy_Function> &l_funs, const Type_Conversions_State &l_conversions)->Boxed_Value
             {
               std::vector<Boxed_Value> attr_params{l_params.begin(), l_params.begin() + l_num_params};
               Boxed_Value bv = dispatch::dispatch(l_funs, attr_params, l_conversions);
@@ -959,14 +966,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
               }
             };
 
-          if (is_attribute_call(*funs.second, params, t_has_params)) {
-            return do_attribute_call(1, params, *funs.second, m_conversions);
+          if (is_attribute_call(*funs.second, params, t_has_params, t_conversions)) {
+            return do_attribute_call(1, params, *funs.second, t_conversions);
           } else {
             std::exception_ptr except;
 
             if (!funs.second->empty()) {
               try {
-                return dispatch::dispatch(*funs.second, params, m_conversions);
+                return dispatch::dispatch(*funs.second, params, t_conversions);
               } catch(chaiscript::exception::dispatch_error&) {
                 except = std::current_exception();
               }
@@ -982,7 +989,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
               for (const auto &f : *method_missing_funs)
               {
-                if(f->compare_first_type(params[0], m_conversions)) {
+                if(f->compare_first_type(params[0], t_conversions)) {
                   fs.push_back(f);
                 }
               }
@@ -1006,9 +1013,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 if (is_no_param) {
                   std::vector<Boxed_Value> tmp_params(params);
                   tmp_params.insert(tmp_params.begin() + 1, var(t_name));
-                  return do_attribute_call(2, tmp_params, functions, m_conversions);
+                  return do_attribute_call(2, tmp_params, functions, t_conversions);
                 } else {
-                  return dispatch::dispatch(functions, {params[0], var(t_name), var(std::vector<Boxed_Value>(params.begin()+1, params.end()))}, m_conversions);
+                  return dispatch::dispatch(functions, {params[0], var(t_name), var(std::vector<Boxed_Value>(params.begin()+1, params.end()))}, t_conversions);
                 }
               } catch (const dispatch::option_explicit_set &e) {
                 throw chaiscript::exception::dispatch_error(params, std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>(funs.second->begin(), funs.second->end()), 
@@ -1031,12 +1038,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
 
-        Boxed_Value call_function(const std::string &t_name, std::atomic_uint_fast32_t &t_loc, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params) const
+        Boxed_Value call_function(const std::string &t_name, std::atomic_uint_fast32_t &t_loc, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params,
+            const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
         {
-          uint_fast32_t loc = t_loc.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+          uint_fast32_t loc = t_loc;
           const auto funs = get_function(t_name, loc);
-          if (funs.first != loc) t_loc.store(uint_fast32_t(funs.first), std::memory_order_relaxed);
-          return dispatch::dispatch(*funs.second, params, m_conversions);
+          if (funs.first != loc) t_loc = uint_fast32_t(funs.first);
+          return dispatch::dispatch(*funs.second, params, t_conversions);
         }
 
 
@@ -1082,7 +1090,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         /// Returns true if a call can be made that consists of the first parameter
         /// (the function) with the remaining parameters as its arguments.
-        Boxed_Value call_exists(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params)
+        Boxed_Value call_exists(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params) const
         {
           if (params.empty())
           {
@@ -1090,8 +1098,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
           const Const_Proxy_Function &f = this->boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function>(params[0]);
+          const Type_Conversions_State convs(m_conversions, m_conversions.conversion_saves());
 
-          return Boxed_Value(f->call_match(std::vector<Boxed_Value>(params.begin() + 1, params.end()), m_conversions));
+          return const_var(f->call_match(std::vector<Boxed_Value>(params.begin() + 1, params.end()), convs));
         }
 
         /// Dump all system info to stdout
@@ -1160,12 +1169,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
           m_state = t_state;
         }
 
-        void save_function_params(Stack_Holder &t_s, std::initializer_list<Boxed_Value> t_params)
+        static void save_function_params(Stack_Holder &t_s, std::initializer_list<Boxed_Value> t_params)
         {
           t_s.call_params.back().insert(t_s.call_params.back().begin(), std::move(t_params));
         }
 
-        void save_function_params(Stack_Holder &t_s, std::vector<Boxed_Value> &&t_params)
+        static void save_function_params(Stack_Holder &t_s, std::vector<Boxed_Value> &&t_params)
         {
           for (auto &&param : t_params)
           {
@@ -1173,7 +1182,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
-        void save_function_params(Stack_Holder &t_s, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params)
+        static void save_function_params(Stack_Holder &t_s, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params)
         {
           t_s.call_params.back().insert(t_s.call_params.back().begin(), t_params.begin(), t_params.end());
         }
@@ -1193,19 +1202,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
           save_function_params(*m_stack_holder, t_params);
         }
 
-        void new_function_call(Stack_Holder &t_s)
+        void new_function_call(Stack_Holder &t_s, Type_Conversions::Conversion_Saves &t_saves)
         {
           if (t_s.call_depth == 0)
           {
-            m_conversions.enable_conversion_saves(true);
+            m_conversions.enable_conversion_saves(t_saves, true);
           }
 
           ++t_s.call_depth;
 
-          save_function_params(m_conversions.take_saves());
+          save_function_params(m_conversions.take_saves(t_saves));
         }
 
-        void pop_function_call(Stack_Holder &t_s)
+        void pop_function_call(Stack_Holder &t_s, Type_Conversions::Conversion_Saves &t_saves)
         {
           --t_s.call_depth;
 
@@ -1214,18 +1223,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
           if (t_s.call_depth == 0)
           {
             t_s.call_params.back().clear();
-            m_conversions.enable_conversion_saves(false);
+            m_conversions.enable_conversion_saves(t_saves, false);
           }
         }
 
         void new_function_call()
         {
-          new_function_call(*m_stack_holder);
+          new_function_call(*m_stack_holder, m_conversions.conversion_saves());
         }
 
         void pop_function_call()
         {
-          pop_function_call(*m_stack_holder);
+          pop_function_call(*m_stack_holder, m_conversions.conversion_saves());
         }
 
         Stack_Holder &get_stack_holder()
@@ -1240,7 +1249,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_stack_holder->stacks.back();
         }
 
-        StackData &get_stack_data(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
+        static StackData &get_stack_data(Stack_Holder &t_holder)
         {
           return t_holder.stacks.back();
         }
@@ -1314,13 +1323,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
           const auto lhssize = lhsparamtypes.size();
           const auto rhssize = rhsparamtypes.size();
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_HAS_MAGIC_STATICS
-          static auto boxed_type = user_type<Boxed_Value>();
-          static auto boxed_pod_type = user_type<Boxed_Number>();
-#else
-          auto boxed_type = user_type<Boxed_Value>();
-          auto boxed_pod_type = user_type<Boxed_Number>();
-#endif
+          static const auto boxed_type = user_type<Boxed_Value>();
+          static const auto boxed_pod_type = user_type<Boxed_Number>();
 
           for (size_t i = 1; i < lhssize && i < rhssize; ++i)
           {
@@ -1427,7 +1431,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         static typename Container::const_iterator find_keyed_value(const Container &t_c, const Key &t_key, const size_t t_hint)
           {
             if (t_c.size() > t_hint && t_c[t_hint].first == t_key) {
-              return t_c.begin() + t_hint;
+              return advance_copy(t_c.begin(), t_hint);
             } else {
               return find_keyed_value(t_c, t_key);
             }
@@ -1495,7 +1499,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
       public:
         Dispatch_State(Dispatch_Engine &t_engine)
           : m_engine(t_engine),
-            m_stack_holder(t_engine.get_stack_holder())
+            m_stack_holder(t_engine.get_stack_holder()),
+            m_conversions(t_engine.conversions(), t_engine.conversions().conversion_saves())
         {
         }
 
@@ -1511,13 +1516,26 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_stack_holder.get();
         }
 
+        const Type_Conversions_State &conversions() const {
+          return m_conversions;
+        }
+
+        Type_Conversions::Conversion_Saves &conversion_saves() const {
+          return m_conversions.saves();
+        }
+
         void add_object(const std::string &t_name, Boxed_Value obj) const {
           m_engine.get().add_object(t_name, std::move(obj), m_stack_holder.get());
         }
 
+        Boxed_Value get_object(const std::string &t_name, std::atomic_uint_fast32_t &t_loc) const {
+          return m_engine.get().get_object(t_name, t_loc, m_stack_holder.get());
+        }
+
       private:
         std::reference_wrapper<Dispatch_Engine> m_engine;
         std::reference_wrapper<Stack_Holder> m_stack_holder;
+        Type_Conversions_State m_conversions;
     };
   }
 }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       }
 
-      virtual ~option_explicit_set() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      option_explicit_set(const option_explicit_set &) = default;
+
+      virtual ~option_explicit_set() noexcept = default;
     };
 
     class Dynamic_Object
@@ -42,9 +44,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        Dynamic_Object() : m_type_name(""), m_option_explicit(false)
-        {
-        }
+        Dynamic_Object() = default;
 
         bool is_explicit() const
         {
@@ -82,6 +82,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
+        bool has_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name) const {
+          return m_attrs.find(t_attr_name) != m_attrs.end();
+        }
+
         Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name)
         {
           return m_attrs[t_attr_name];
@@ -105,15 +109,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return get_attr(t_method_name);
         }
 
-
         std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> get_attrs() const
         {
           return m_attrs;
         }
 
       private:
-        std::string m_type_name;
-        bool m_option_explicit;
+        const std::string m_type_name = "";
+        bool m_option_explicit = false;
 
         std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m_attrs;
     };

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object_detail.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_DETAIL_HPP_
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       /// A Proxy_Function implementation designed for calling a function
       /// that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
       /// param's type name
-      class Dynamic_Object_Function : public Proxy_Function_Base
+      class Dynamic_Object_Function final : public Proxy_Function_Base
       {
         public:
           Dynamic_Object_Function(
@@ -67,12 +67,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
           }
 
-          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Function() {}
 
           Dynamic_Object_Function &operator=(const Dynamic_Object_Function) = delete;
           Dynamic_Object_Function(Dynamic_Object_Function &) = delete;
 
-          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const override
           {
             if (const auto *df = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Function *>(&f))
             {
@@ -82,9 +81,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
             }
           }
 
-          virtual bool is_attribute_function() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE { return m_is_attribute; } 
+          bool is_attribute_function() const override { return m_is_attribute; } 
 
-          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
           {
             if (dynamic_object_typename_match(vals, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
             {
@@ -94,19 +93,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
             }
           }
 
-          virtual std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const override
           {
             return {m_func};
           }
 
-          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          std::string annotation() const override
           {
             return m_func->annotation();
           }
 
 
         protected:
-          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
           {
             if (dynamic_object_typename_match(params, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
             {
@@ -116,7 +115,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             } 
           }
 
-          virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
           {
             return dynamic_object_typename_match(bv, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions);
           }
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
           bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const Boxed_Value &bv, const std::string &name,
-              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
           {
             if (bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(m_doti))
             {
@@ -156,7 +155,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
           bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, const std::string &name,
-              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
           {
             if (bvs.size() > 0)
             {
@@ -170,9 +169,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           Proxy_Function m_func;
           std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> m_ti;
           const Type_Info m_doti;
-          bool m_is_attribute;
-
-
+          const bool m_is_attribute;
       };
 
 
@@ -182,7 +179,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
        * that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
        * param's type name
        */
-      class Dynamic_Object_Constructor : public Proxy_Function_Base
+      class Dynamic_Object_Constructor final : public Proxy_Function_Base
       {
         public:
           Dynamic_Object_Constructor(
@@ -208,15 +205,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return std::vector<Type_Info>(begin, end);
           }
 
-          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Constructor() {}
-
-          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const override
           {
             const Dynamic_Object_Constructor *dc = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Constructor*>(&f);
             return dc && dc->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc->m_func) == (*m_func);
           }
 
-          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
           {
             std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_vals{Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name))};
             new_vals.insert(new_vals.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
@@ -224,13 +219,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return m_func->call_match(new_vals, t_conversions);
           }
 
-          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          std::string annotation() const override
           {
             return m_func->annotation();
           }
 
         protected:
-          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+          Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
           {
             auto bv = Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name), true);
             std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_params{bv};
@@ -242,8 +237,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
         private:
-          std::string m_type_name;
-          Proxy_Function m_func;
+          const std::string m_type_name;
+          const Proxy_Function m_func;
 
       };
     }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_EXCEPTION_SPECIFICATION_HPP_
@@ -23,80 +23,26 @@ namespace chaiscript
 {
   namespace detail
   {
-    /// \todo make this a variadic template
     struct Exception_Handler_Base
     {
       virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) = 0;
 
-      virtual ~Exception_Handler_Base() {}
+      virtual ~Exception_Handler_Base() = default;
 
       protected:
         template<typename T>
-        void throw_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine)
+        static void throw_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine)
         {
           try { T t = t_engine.boxed_cast<T>(bv); throw t; } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {}
         }
     };
 
-    template<typename T1>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl1 : Exception_Handler_Base
+    template<typename ... T>
+      struct Exception_Handler_Impl : Exception_Handler_Base
       {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl1() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) override
         {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-    template<typename T1, typename T2>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl2 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl2() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl3 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl3() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl4 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl4() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T4>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl5 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl5() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T4>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T5>(bv, t_engine);
+          (void)std::initializer_list<int>{(throw_type<T>(bv, t_engine), 0)...};
         }
       };
   }
@@ -155,42 +101,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
   /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles one type of exception unboxing
   /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1>
+  template<typename ... T>
   Exception_Handler exception_specification()
   {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl1<T1>());
-  }
-
-  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles two types of exception unboxing
-  /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1, typename T2>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl2<T1, T2>());
-  }
-
-  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles three types of exception unboxing
-  /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl3<T1, T2, T3>());
-  }
-
-  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles four types of exception unboxing
-  /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl4<T1, T2, T3, T4>());
-  }
-
-  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles five types of exception unboxing
-  /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl5<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>());
+    return std::make_shared<detail::Exception_Handler_Impl<T...>>();
   }
 }
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 namespace chaiscript {
 class Boxed_Value;
-class Type_Conversions;
+class Type_Conversions_State;
 namespace detail {
 template <typename T> struct Cast_Helper;
 }  // namespace detail
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \returns A std::function object for dispatching
     /// \param[in] funcs the set of functions to dispatch on.
     template<typename FunctionType>
-      std::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+      std::function<FunctionType> functor(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
       {
         const bool has_arity_match = std::any_of(funcs.begin(), funcs.end(),
             [](const Const_Proxy_Function &f) {
@@ -63,8 +62,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \returns A std::function object for dispatching
     /// \param[in] func A function to execute.
     template<typename FunctionType>
-      std::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(Const_Proxy_Function func, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+      std::function<FunctionType> functor(Const_Proxy_Function func, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
       {
         return functor<FunctionType>(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>({std::move(func)}), t_conversions);
       }
@@ -72,8 +70,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// Helper for automatically unboxing a Boxed_Value that contains a function object
     /// and creating a typesafe C++ function caller from it.
     template<typename FunctionType>
-      std::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+      std::function<FunctionType> functor(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
       {
         return functor<FunctionType>(boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function >(bv, t_conversions), t_conversions);
       }
@@ -86,7 +83,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
         {
           if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
           {
@@ -103,7 +100,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
         {
           if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
           {
@@ -120,7 +117,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
         {
           if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
           {

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
@@ -31,9 +31,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
         struct Function_Caller_Ret
         {
           static Ret call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
-              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
           {
-            return boxed_cast<Ret>(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions()), t_conversions);
+            if (t_conversions) {
+              return boxed_cast<Ret>(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, *t_conversions), t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              Type_Conversions conv;
+              Type_Conversions_State state(conv, conv.conversion_saves());
+              return boxed_cast<Ret>(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, state), t_conversions);
+            }
           }
         };
 
@@ -44,9 +50,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
         struct Function_Caller_Ret<Ret, true>
         {
           static Ret call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
-              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
           {
-            return Boxed_Number(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions())).get_as<Ret>();
+            if (t_conversions) {
+              return Boxed_Number(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, *t_conversions)).get_as<Ret>();
+            } else {
+              Type_Conversions conv;
+              Type_Conversions_State state(conv, conv.conversion_saves());
+              return Boxed_Number(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, state)).get_as<Ret>();
+            }
           }
         };
 
@@ -58,9 +70,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
         struct Function_Caller_Ret<void, false>
         {
           static void call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
-              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
           {
-            dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions());
+            if (t_conversions) {
+              dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, *t_conversions);
+            } else {
+              Type_Conversions conv;
+              Type_Conversions_State state(conv, conv.conversion_saves());
+              dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, state);
+            }
           }
         };
 
@@ -79,11 +97,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
           template<typename ... P>
           Ret operator()(P&&  ...  param)
           {
+            if (m_conversions) {
+              Type_Conversions_State state(*m_conversions, m_conversions->conversion_saves());
               return Function_Caller_Ret<Ret, std::is_arithmetic<Ret>::value && !std::is_same<Ret, bool>::value>::call(m_funcs, { 
                   box<P>(std::forward<P>(param))...
-                }, m_conversions
-
+                  }, &state
                   );
+            } else {
+              return Function_Caller_Ret<Ret, std::is_arithmetic<Ret>::value && !std::is_same<Ret, bool>::value>::call(m_funcs, { 
+                  box<P>(std::forward<P>(param))...
+                  }, nullptr
+                  );
+            }
 
           }
 
@@ -114,25 +139,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       /// \todo what happens if t_conversions is deleted out from under us?!
       template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        std::function<Ret (Params...)> build_function_caller_helper(Ret (Params...), const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        std::function<Ret (Params...)> build_function_caller_helper(Ret (Params...), const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions)
         {
-          /*
-          if (funcs.size() == 1)
-          {
-            std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret (Params...)>> pfi = 
-              std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret (Params...)> >
-                (funcs[0]);
-
-            if (pfi)
-            {
-              return pfi->internal_function();
-            } 
-            // looks like this either wasn't a Proxy_Function_Impl or the types didn't match
-            // we cannot make any other guesses or assumptions really, so continuing
-          }
-*/
-
-          return std::function<Ret (Params...)>(Build_Function_Caller_Helper<Ret, Params...>(funcs, t_conversions));
+          return std::function<Ret (Params...)>(Build_Function_Caller_Helper<Ret, Params...>(funcs, t_conversions?t_conversions->get():nullptr));
         }
     }
   }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HANDLE_RETURN_HPP_
@@ -20,11 +20,19 @@ class Boxed_Number;
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
+  template<typename T> std::shared_ptr<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base> fun(const T &t);
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
+    std::shared_ptr<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base> assignable_fun(
+        std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> t_func,
+        std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> t_ptr
+        );
+
   namespace dispatch
   {
-    template<class T, class U> class Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl;
     template<class T> class Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl;
 
+
     namespace detail
     {
       /**
@@ -53,19 +61,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
             return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
+                chaiscript::fun(f)
               );
           }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret>>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret>> : Handle_Return<const std::function<Ret> &>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
-              );
-          }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
@@ -73,29 +76,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
             return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
+                assignable_fun(std::ref(*f), f)
                 );
           }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &> : Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
-              );
-          }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
+        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>> : Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
-              );
-          }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
@@ -103,14 +96,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle(std::function<Ret> &f) {
             return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(f),
-                  std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>())
+                assignable_fun(std::ref(f), std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>())
               );
           }
 
           static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
             return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
+                chaiscript::fun(f)
               );
           }
         };
@@ -143,21 +135,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> >
+        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret>> : Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
-          }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
+        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &> : Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
-          }
         };
 
       template<typename Ret>
@@ -170,9 +154,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         };
 
 
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
       template<typename Ret>
         struct Handle_Return<Ret &>
         {
@@ -187,9 +168,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         };
 
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
       template<>
         struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Value>
         {
@@ -199,40 +177,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         };
 
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
       template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value>
+        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value> : Handle_Return<Boxed_Value>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r)
-          {
-            return r;
-          }
         };
 
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
       template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Value &>
+        struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Value &> : Handle_Return<Boxed_Value>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r)
-          {
-            return r;
-          }
         };
 
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
       template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value &>
+        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value &> : Handle_Return<Boxed_Value>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r)
-          {
-            return r;
-          }
         };
 
       /**
@@ -247,16 +204,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         };
 
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
       template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Number>
+        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Number> : Handle_Return<Boxed_Number>
         {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Number &r)
-          {
-            return r.bv;
-          }
         };
 
 
@@ -268,7 +218,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
           static Boxed_Value handle()
           {
-            return Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value::Void_Type());
+            return void_var();
           }
         };
     }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP_

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 
@@ -17,13 +17,32 @@ namespace chaiscript
     namespace detail
     {
 
-      template<typename Class, typename ... Params  >
-        Proxy_Function build_constructor_(Class (*)(Params...))
+      template<typename Class, typename ... Params, size_t ... I >
+        Proxy_Function build_constructor_(Class (*)(Params...), std::index_sequence<I...>)
         {
-          auto call = dispatch::detail::Constructor<Class, Params...>();
+          return [](){
+            class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+            {
+              public:
+                Func()
+                  : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<std::shared_ptr<Class>>(), user_type<Params>()...})
+                  {
+                  }
 
-          return Proxy_Function(
-            chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<std::shared_ptr<Class> (Params...), decltype(call)>>(call));
+                bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+                {
+                  return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Params...>(params, t_conversions);
+                }
+
+              protected:
+                Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+                {
+                  return Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Class>>::handle(std::make_shared<Class>(boxed_cast<Params>(params[I], &t_conversions)...));
+                }
+            };
+
+            return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>();
+          }();
         }
     }
   }
@@ -44,7 +63,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     Proxy_Function constructor()
     {
       T *f = nullptr;
-      return (dispatch::detail::build_constructor_(f));
+      return dispatch::detail::build_constructor_(f, std::make_index_sequence<dispatch::detail::Arity<T>::arity>());
     }
 
 }

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 
@@ -21,15 +21,34 @@
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
 #include "boxed_cast.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "proxy_functions_detail.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
 #include "dynamic_object.hpp"
+#include "callable_traits.hpp"
+#include "handle_return.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
 class Type_Conversions;
 namespace exception {
 class bad_boxed_cast;
-struct arity_error;
+    /**
+     * Exception thrown when there is a mismatch in number of
+     * parameters during Proxy_Function execution
+     */
+    struct arity_error : std::range_error
+    {
+      arity_error(int t_got, int t_expected)
+        : std::range_error("Function dispatch arity mismatch"),
+        got(t_got), expected(t_expected)
+      {
+      }
+
+      arity_error(const arity_error &) = default;
+
+      virtual ~arity_error() noexcept {}
+
+      int got;
+      int expected;
+    };
 }  // namespace exception
 }  // namespace chaiscript
 
@@ -43,7 +62,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
   namespace dispatch
   {
     template<typename FunctionType>
-      std::function<FunctionType> functor(std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> func, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions);
+      std::function<FunctionType> functor(std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> func, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions);
 
     class Param_Types
     {
@@ -72,7 +91,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_types == t_rhs.m_types;
         }
 
-        bool match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+        bool match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
         {
           if (!m_has_types) return true;
           if (vals.size() != m_types.size()) return false;
@@ -145,9 +164,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class Proxy_Function_Base
     {
       public:
-        virtual ~Proxy_Function_Base() {}
+        virtual ~Proxy_Function_Base() = default;
 
-        Boxed_Value operator()(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const chaiscript::Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+        Boxed_Value operator()(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const chaiscript::Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
         {
           if (m_arity < 0 || size_t(m_arity) == params.size()) {
             return do_call(params, t_conversions);
@@ -163,7 +182,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         const std::vector<Type_Info> &get_param_types() const { return m_types; }
 
         virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &) const = 0;
-        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const = 0;
+        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const = 0;
 
         virtual bool is_attribute_function() const { return false; }
 
@@ -179,7 +198,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         //! Return true if the function is a possible match
         //! to the passed in values
-        bool filter(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+        bool filter(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
         {
           if (m_arity < 0)
           {
@@ -206,7 +225,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         virtual std::string annotation() const = 0;
 
-        static bool compare_type_to_param(const Type_Info &ti, const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+        static bool compare_type_to_param(const Type_Info &ti, const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)
         {
           if (ti.is_undef() 
               || ti.bare_equal(user_type<Boxed_Value>())
@@ -214,7 +233,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 && ( (ti.bare_equal(user_type<Boxed_Number>()) && bv.get_type_info().is_arithmetic())
                   || ti.bare_equal(bv.get_type_info())
                   || bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> >())
-                  || t_conversions.converts(ti, bv.get_type_info()) 
+                  || t_conversions->converts(ti, bv.get_type_info()) 
                   )
                 )
              )
@@ -225,13 +244,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
-        virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+        virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
         {
           return compare_type_to_param(m_types[1], bv, t_conversions);
         }
 
       protected:
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const = 0;
+        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const = 0;
 
         Proxy_Function_Base(std::vector<Type_Info> t_types, int t_arity)
           : m_types(std::move(t_types)), m_arity(t_arity), m_has_arithmetic_param(false)
@@ -248,7 +267,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
 
-        static bool compare_types(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tis, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+        static bool compare_types(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tis, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, 
+                                  const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)
         {
           if (tis.size() - 1 != bvs.size())
           {
@@ -282,14 +302,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
     class guard_error : public std::runtime_error
     {
       public:
-        guard_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        guard_error() noexcept
           : std::runtime_error("Guard evaluation failed")
         { }
 
         guard_error(const guard_error &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~guard_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-        { }
+        virtual ~guard_error() noexcept = default;
     };
   }
 
@@ -314,9 +333,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual ~Dynamic_Proxy_Function() {}
 
-        virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &rhs) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &rhs) const override
         {
           const Dynamic_Proxy_Function *prhs = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Proxy_Function *>(&rhs);
 
@@ -327,7 +345,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 && this->m_param_types == prhs->m_param_types);
         }
 
-        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
           return (m_arity < 0 || (vals.size() == size_t(m_arity) && m_param_types.match(vals, t_conversions)))
             && test_guard(vals, t_conversions);
@@ -344,14 +362,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return m_parsenode;
         }
 
-        virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        virtual std::string annotation() const override
         {
           return m_description;
         }
 
 
       protected:
-        bool test_guard(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
+        bool test_guard(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const
         {
           if (m_guard)
           {
@@ -394,7 +412,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
     template<typename Callable>
-    class Dynamic_Proxy_Function_Impl : public Dynamic_Proxy_Function
+    class Dynamic_Proxy_Function_Impl final : public Dynamic_Proxy_Function
     {
       public:
         Dynamic_Proxy_Function_Impl(
@@ -415,11 +433,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual ~Dynamic_Proxy_Function_Impl() {}
-
 
       protected:
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
           if (call_match(params, t_conversions) && test_guard(params, t_conversions))
           {
@@ -430,7 +446,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       private:
-
         Callable m_f;
     };
 
@@ -451,7 +466,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// and substitutes bound parameters into the parameter list
     /// at runtime, when call() is executed.
     /// it is used for bind(function, param1, _, param2) style calls
-    class Bound_Function : public Proxy_Function_Base
+    class Bound_Function final : public Proxy_Function_Base
     {
       public:
         Bound_Function(const Const_Proxy_Function &t_f, 
@@ -462,19 +477,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
           assert(m_f->get_arity() < 0 || m_f->get_arity() == static_cast<int>(m_args.size()));
         }
 
-        virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_f) const override
         {
           return &t_f == this;
         }
 
-        virtual ~Bound_Function() {}
 
-        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
           return m_f->call_match(build_param_list(vals), t_conversions);
         }
 
-        virtual std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const override
         {
           return std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>{m_f};
         }
@@ -511,7 +525,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return args;
         }
 
-        virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        virtual std::string annotation() const override
         {
           return "Bound: " + m_f->annotation();
         }
@@ -524,18 +538,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           if (t_f->get_arity() < 0) { return std::vector<Type_Info>(); }
 
-          std::vector<Type_Info> types = t_f->get_param_types();
+          const auto types = t_f->get_param_types();
           assert(types.size() == t_args.size() + 1);
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 6011)
-#endif
           // this analysis warning is invalid in MSVC12 and doesn't exist in MSVC14
           std::vector<Type_Info> retval{types[0]};
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#pragma warning(pop)
-#endif
 
           for (size_t i = 0; i < types.size() - 1; ++i)
           {
@@ -548,7 +555,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return retval;
         }
 
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
           return (*m_f)(build_param_list(params), t_conversions);
         }
@@ -566,56 +573,60 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual ~Proxy_Function_Impl_Base() {}
-
-        virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        std::string annotation() const override
         {
           return "";
         }
 
-        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_func) const override
         {
-          return static_cast<int>(vals.size()) == get_arity() && (compare_types(m_types, vals, t_conversions) && compare_types_with_cast(vals, t_conversions));
+          const auto *t_other = dynamic_cast<const Proxy_Function_Impl_Base *>(&t_func);
+          return 
+            t_other != nullptr && 
+            t_other->m_types.size() == m_types.size() &&
+            [this, &t_other](){
+              auto begin1 = std::begin(m_types);
+              const auto end1 = std::end(m_types);
+              auto begin2 = std::begin(t_other->m_types);
+
+              while (begin1 != end1) {
+                if (*begin1 != *begin2) {
+                  return false;
+                }
+                if (begin1->is_const() != begin2->is_const()) {
+                  return false;
+                }
+                ++begin1;
+                ++begin2;
               }
 
-        virtual bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const = 0;
-    };
-
-
-
-    /// For any callable object
-    template<typename Func, typename Callable>
-      class Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl : public Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
-    {
-      public:
-        Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl(Callable f)
-          : Proxy_Function_Impl_Base(detail::build_param_type_list(static_cast<Func *>(nullptr))),
-            m_f(std::move(f))
-        {
+              return true;
+            }();
         }
 
-        virtual ~Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl() {}
-
-        virtual bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        template<typename ... Param>
+          static bool compare_types_with_cast_impl(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)
           {
-          return detail::compare_types_cast(static_cast<Func *>(nullptr), vals, t_conversions);
+            try {
+              std::vector<Boxed_Value>::size_type i = 0;
+              (void)i; (void)params; (void)t_conversions;
+              // this is ok because the order of evaluation of initializer lists is well defined
+              (void)std::initializer_list<int>{(boxed_cast<Param>(params[i++], &t_conversions), 0)...};
+              return true;
+            } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+              return false;
             }
-
-        virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_func) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          return dynamic_cast<const Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Func, Callable> *>(&t_func) != nullptr;
           }
 
 
-      protected:
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+ 
+        bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
-          typedef typename detail::Function_Signature<Func>::Return_Type Return_Type;
-          return detail::Do_Call<Return_Type>::template go<Func>(m_f, params, t_conversions);
+          return static_cast<int>(vals.size()) == get_arity() 
+            && (compare_types(m_types, vals, t_conversions) && compare_types_with_cast(vals, t_conversions));
         }
 
-      private:
-        Callable m_f;
+        virtual bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const = 0;
     };
 
 
@@ -627,60 +638,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual ~Assignable_Proxy_Function() {}
-
-
         virtual void assign(const std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> &t_rhs) = 0;
-
-
     };
 
-    template<typename Func>
-      class Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl : public Assignable_Proxy_Function
-    {
-      public:
-        Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl(std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Func>> t_f, std::shared_ptr<std::function<Func>> t_ptr)
-          : Assignable_Proxy_Function(detail::build_param_type_list(static_cast<Func *>(nullptr))),
-            m_f(std::move(t_f)), m_shared_ptr_holder(std::move(t_ptr))
-        {
-          assert(!m_shared_ptr_holder || m_shared_ptr_holder.get() == &m_f.get());
-        }
-
-        virtual ~Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl() {}
-
-        virtual bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          return detail::compare_types_cast(static_cast<Func *>(nullptr), vals, t_conversions);
-        }
-
-        virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_func) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          return dynamic_cast<const Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Func> *>(&t_func) != nullptr;
-        }
-
-        std::function<Func> internal_function() const
-        {
-          return m_f.get();
-        }
-
-        virtual void assign(const std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> &t_rhs) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE {
-          m_f.get() = dispatch::functor<Func>(t_rhs, nullptr);
-        }
-
-      protected:
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          return detail::Do_Call<typename std::function<Func>::result_type>::template go<Func>(m_f.get(), params, t_conversions);
-        }
 
 
-      private:
-        std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Func>> m_f;
-        std::shared_ptr<std::function<Func>> m_shared_ptr_holder;
-    };
     /// Attribute getter Proxy_Function implementation
     template<typename T, typename Class>
-      class Attribute_Access : public Proxy_Function_Base
+      class Attribute_Access final : public Proxy_Function_Base
     {
       public:
         Attribute_Access(T Class::* t_attr)
@@ -689,11 +654,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual ~Attribute_Access() {}
+        bool is_attribute_function() const override { return true; } 
 
-        virtual bool is_attribute_function() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE { return true; } 
-
-        virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_func) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &t_func) const override
         {
           const Attribute_Access<T, Class> * aa 
             = dynamic_cast<const Attribute_Access<T, Class> *>(&t_func);
@@ -705,7 +668,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
-        virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &) const override
         {
           if (vals.size() != 1)
           {
@@ -715,26 +678,52 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return vals[0].get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Class>());
         }
 
-        virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        std::string annotation() const override
         {
           return "";
         }
 
       protected:
-        virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
         {
           const Boxed_Value &bv = params[0];
           if (bv.is_const())
           {
             const Class *o = boxed_cast<const Class *>(bv, &t_conversions);
-            return detail::Handle_Return<const typename std::add_lvalue_reference<T>::type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
+            return do_call_impl<T>(o);
           } else {
             Class *o = boxed_cast<Class *>(bv, &t_conversions);
-            return detail::Handle_Return<typename std::add_lvalue_reference<T>::type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
+            return do_call_impl<T>(o);
           }
         }
 
       private:
+        template<typename Type>
+        auto do_call_impl(Class *o) const -> std::enable_if_t<std::is_pointer<Type>::value, Boxed_Value>
+        {
+          return detail::Handle_Return<Type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
+        }
+
+        template<typename Type>
+        auto do_call_impl(const Class *o) const -> std::enable_if_t<std::is_pointer<Type>::value, Boxed_Value>
+        {
+          return detail::Handle_Return<const Type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
+        }
+
+        template<typename Type>
+        auto do_call_impl(Class *o) const -> std::enable_if_t<!std::is_pointer<Type>::value, Boxed_Value>
+        {
+          return detail::Handle_Return<const typename std::add_lvalue_reference<Type>::type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
+        }
+
+        template<typename Type>
+        auto do_call_impl(const Class *o) const -> std::enable_if_t<!std::is_pointer<Type>::value, Boxed_Value>
+        {
+          return detail::Handle_Return<const typename std::add_lvalue_reference<Type>::type>::handle(o->*m_attr);
+        }
+
+
+
         static std::vector<Type_Info> param_types()
         {
           return {user_type<T>(), user_type<Class>()};
@@ -769,7 +758,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
         dispatch_error(const dispatch_error &) = default;
-        virtual ~dispatch_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+        virtual ~dispatch_error() noexcept = default;
 
         std::vector<Boxed_Value> parameters;
         std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> functions;
@@ -782,7 +771,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
     {
       template<typename FuncType>
         bool types_match_except_for_arithmetic(const FuncType &t_func, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &plist,
-            const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+            const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)
         {
           const std::vector<Type_Info> &types = t_func->get_param_types();
 
@@ -801,7 +790,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       template<typename InItr, typename Funcs>
         Boxed_Value dispatch_with_conversions(InItr begin, const InItr &end, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &plist, 
-            const Type_Conversions &t_conversions, const Funcs &t_funcs)
+            const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions, const Funcs &t_funcs)
         {
           InItr matching_func(end);
 
@@ -878,7 +867,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
      */
     template<typename Funcs>
       Boxed_Value dispatch(const Funcs &funcs,
-          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &plist, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
+          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &plist, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions)
       {
         std::vector<std::pair<size_t, const Proxy_Function_Base *>> ordered_funcs;
         ordered_funcs.reserve(funcs.size());

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp

@@ -1,275 +0,0 @@
-// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
-// See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
-// http://www.chaiscript.com
-
-#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
-#define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
-
-#include <functional>
-#include <stdexcept>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
-#include "boxed_cast.hpp"
-#include "boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "handle_return.hpp"
-#include "type_info.hpp"
-#include "callable_traits.hpp"
-
-namespace chaiscript {
-class Type_Conversions;
-namespace exception {
-class bad_boxed_cast;
-}  // namespace exception
-}  // namespace chaiscript
-
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace exception
-  {
-    /**
-     * Exception thrown when there is a mismatch in number of
-     * parameters during Proxy_Function execution
-     */
-    struct arity_error : std::range_error
-    {
-      arity_error(int t_got, int t_expected)
-        : std::range_error("Function dispatch arity mismatch"),
-        got(t_got), expected(t_expected)
-      {
-      }
-
-      arity_error(const arity_error &) = default;
-
-      virtual ~arity_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
-
-      int got;
-      int expected;
-    };
-  }
-
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
-    namespace detail
-    {
-      /**
-       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to return a list of all param types
-       * it contains.
-       */
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_type_list(Ret (*)(Params...))
-        {
-          /// \note somehow this is responsible for a large part of the code generation
-          return { user_type<Ret>(), user_type<Params>()... };
-        }
-
-
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_GCC_4_6 
-      /// \todo REMOVE THIS WHEN WE DROP G++4.6
-
-
-      // Forward declaration
-      template<typename ... Rest> 
-        struct Try_Cast; 
-
-      template<typename Param, typename ... Rest>
-        struct Try_Cast<Param, Rest...>
-        {
-          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, size_t generation, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-          {
-            boxed_cast<Param>(params[generation], &t_conversions);
-            Try_Cast<Rest...>::do_try(params, generation+1, t_conversions);
-          }
-        };
-
-      // 0th case
-      template<>
-        struct Try_Cast<>
-        {
-          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &, size_t, const Type_Conversions &)
-          {
-          }
-        };
-
-
-      /**
-       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to determine if it is equivalent to another
-       * Proxy_Function_Impl object. This function is primarily used to prevent
-       * registration of two functions with the exact same signatures
-       */
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        bool compare_types_cast(Ret (*)(Params...),
-             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          try {
-            Try_Cast<Params...>::do_try(params, 0, t_conversions);
-          } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
-            return false;
-          }
-
-          return true;
-        }
-
-      template<typename Ret, int count, typename ... Params>
-        struct Call_Func
-        {
-
-          template<typename Callable, typename ... InnerParams>
-          static Ret do_call(const Callable &f,
-              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions, InnerParams &&... innerparams)
-          {
-            return Call_Func<Ret, count - 1, Params...>::do_call(f, params, t_conversions, std::forward<InnerParams>(innerparams)..., params[sizeof...(Params) - count]);
-          } 
-        };
-
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        struct Call_Func<Ret, 0, Params...>
-        {
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4100) /// Disable unreferenced formal parameter warning, which only shows up in MSVC I don't think there's any way around it \todo evaluate this
-#endif
-          template<typename Callable, typename ... InnerParams>
-            static Ret do_call(const Callable &f,
-                const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions, InnerParams &&... innerparams)
-            {
-              return f(boxed_cast<Params>(std::forward<InnerParams>(innerparams), &t_conversions)...);
-            }
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
-#pragma warning(pop)
-#endif
-        };
-
-      /**
-       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to perform typesafe execution of a function.
-       * The function attempts to unbox each parameter to the expected type.
-       * if any unboxing fails the execution of the function fails and
-       * the bad_boxed_cast is passed up to the caller.
-       */
-      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &, const Callable &f,
-            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          if (params.size() == sizeof...(Params))
-          {
-            return Call_Func<Ret, sizeof...(Params), Params...>::do_call(f, params, t_conversions);
-          }
-
-          throw exception::arity_error(static_cast<int>(params.size()), sizeof...(Params));
-        }
-
-
-
-#else
-
-      template<size_t ... I>
-      struct Indexes
-      {
-      };
-
-      template<size_t S, size_t ... I> 
-      struct Make_Indexes
-      {
-        typedef typename Make_Indexes<S-1, I..., sizeof...(I)>::indexes indexes;
-      };
-
-      template<size_t ... I>
-      struct Make_Indexes<0, I...>
-      {
-        typedef Indexes<I...> indexes;
-      };
-
-
-
-      /**
-       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to determine if it is equivalent to another
-       * Proxy_Function_Impl object. This function is primarily used to prevent
-       * registration of two functions with the exact same signatures
-       */
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params, size_t ... I>
-        bool compare_types_cast(Indexes<I...>, Ret (*)(Params...),
-             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          try {
-            (void)params; (void)t_conversions;
-            (void)std::initializer_list<int>{(boxed_cast<Params>(params[I], &t_conversions), 0)...};
-            return true;
-          } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
-            return false;
-          }
-
-        }
-
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        bool compare_types_cast(Ret (*f)(Params...),
-             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          typedef typename Make_Indexes<sizeof...(Params)>::indexes indexes;
-          return compare_types_cast(indexes(), f, params, t_conversions);
-        }
-
-
-      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params, size_t ... I>
-        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &, Indexes<I...>, const Callable &f,
-            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          (void)params; (void)t_conversions;
-          return f(boxed_cast<Params>(params[I], &t_conversions)...);
-        }
-
-
-      /**
-       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to perform typesafe execution of a function.
-       * The function attempts to unbox each parameter to the expected type.
-       * if any unboxing fails the execution of the function fails and
-       * the bad_boxed_cast is passed up to the caller.
-       */
-      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &sig, const Callable &f,
-            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          typedef typename Make_Indexes<sizeof...(Params)>::indexes indexes;
-          return call_func(sig, indexes(), f, params, t_conversions);
-        }
-
-#endif
-
-    }
-  }
-
-}
-
-
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
-    namespace detail
-    {
-    template<typename Ret>
-      struct Do_Call
-      {
-        template<typename Signature, typename Callable>
-          static Boxed_Value go(const Callable &fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-          {
-            return Handle_Return<Ret>::handle(call_func(Function_Signature<Signature>(), fun, params, t_conversions));
-          }
-      };
-
-    template<>
-      struct Do_Call<void>
-      {
-        template<typename Signature, typename Callable>
-          static Boxed_Value go(const Callable &fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-          {
-            call_func(Function_Signature<Signature>(), fun, params, t_conversions);
-            return Handle_Return<void>::handle();
-          }
-      };
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-#endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_REGISTER_FUNCTION_HPP_
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 
 #include "bind_first.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
+#include "handle_return.hpp"
+#include "function_call.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript
 {
@@ -35,45 +37,396 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// \endcode
   /// 
   /// \sa \ref adding_functions
+  //
+  //
+  template<typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function assignable_fun(
+        std::reference_wrapper<std::function<void (Param...)>> t_func,
+        std::shared_ptr<std::function<void (Param...)>> t_ptr,
+        std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func, t_ptr](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(std::reference_wrapper<std::function<void (Param...)>> t_f, std::shared_ptr<std::function<void (Param...)>> t_p)
+              : Assignable_Proxy_Function({user_type<void>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(std::move(t_f)), m_shared_ptr_holder(std::move(t_p))
+              {
+                assert(!m_shared_ptr_holder || m_shared_ptr_holder.get() == &m_f.get());
+              }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+            void assign(const std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> &t_rhs) override {
+              m_f.get() = dispatch::functor<void (Param...)>(t_rhs, nullptr);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              m_f(boxed_cast<Param>(params.at(I), &t_conversions)...);
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<void>::handle();
+            }
+
+          private:
+            std::reference_wrapper<std::function<void (Param...)>> m_f;
+            std::shared_ptr<std::function<void (Param...)>> m_shared_ptr_holder;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func, t_ptr);
+      }();
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function assignable_fun(
+        std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> t_func,
+        std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> t_ptr,
+        std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func, t_ptr](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> t_f, std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> t_p)
+              : Assignable_Proxy_Function({user_type<Ret>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(std::move(t_f)), m_shared_ptr_holder(std::move(t_p))
+              {
+                assert(!m_shared_ptr_holder || m_shared_ptr_holder.get() == &m_f.get());
+              }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+            void assign(const std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Base> &t_rhs) override {
+              m_f.get() = dispatch::functor<Ret (Param...)>(t_rhs, nullptr);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<Ret>::handle(m_f(boxed_cast<Param>(params.at(I), &t_conversions)...));
+            }
+
+          private:
+            std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> m_f;
+            std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> m_shared_ptr_holder;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func, t_ptr);
+      }();
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
+    Proxy_Function assignable_fun(
+        std::reference_wrapper<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> t_func,
+        std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret (Param...)>> t_ptr
+        )
+    {
+      return assignable_fun(std::move(t_func), std::move(t_ptr), std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Param)>());
+    }
+
+
+  template<typename T, typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function fun(const T &t_func, void (*)(Param...), std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(const T &func)
+              : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<void>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(func)
+            {
+            }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              m_f(boxed_cast<Param>(params[I], &t_conversions)...);
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<void>::handle();
+            }
+
+          private:
+            T m_f;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func);
+      }();
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename T, typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function fun(const T &t_func, Ret (*)(Param...), std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(const T &func)
+              : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<Ret>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(func)
+            {
+            }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<Ret>::handle(m_f(boxed_cast<Param>(params.at(I), &t_conversions)...));
+            }
+
+          private:
+            T m_f;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func);
+      }();
+    }
+
   template<typename T>
     Proxy_Function fun(const T &t)
     {
       typedef typename dispatch::detail::Callable_Traits<T>::Signature Signature;
-
-      return Proxy_Function(
-          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Signature, T>>(t));
+      Signature *f = nullptr;
+      return fun(t, f, std::make_index_sequence<dispatch::detail::Arity<Signature>::arity>());
     }
 
-  template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
-    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (*func)(Param...))
+  template<typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function fun(void (*t_func)(Param...), std::index_sequence<I...>)
     {
-      auto fun_call = dispatch::detail::Fun_Caller<Ret, Param...>(func);
+      return [t_func](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(decltype(t_func) func)
+              : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<void>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(func)
+            {
+            }
 
-      return Proxy_Function(
-          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (Param...), decltype(fun_call)>>(fun_call));
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              (*m_f)(boxed_cast<Param>(params[I], &t_conversions)...);
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<void>::handle();
+            }
+
+          private:
+            decltype(t_func) m_f;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func);
+      }();
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (*t_func)(Param...), std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(decltype(t_func) func)
+              : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<Ret>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(func)
+            {
+            }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<Ret>::handle((*m_f)(boxed_cast<Param>(params[I], &t_conversions)...));
+            }
+
+          private:
+            decltype(t_func) m_f;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func);
+      }();
+    }
+
+
+
+  template<typename Class, typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function fun(void (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const, std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(decltype(t_func) func)
+              : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<void>(), user_type<const Class &>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(func)
+            {
+            }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<const Class &, Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              const Class &o = static_cast<const Class &>(boxed_cast<const Class &>(params[0], &t_conversions));
+              (o.*m_f)(boxed_cast<Param>(params[I+1], &t_conversions)...);
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<void>::handle();
+            }
+
+          private:
+            decltype(t_func) m_f;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func);
+      }();
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const, std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(decltype(t_func) func)
+              : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<Ret>(), user_type<const Class &>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(func)
+            {
+            }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<const Class &, Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              const Class &o = static_cast<const Class &>(boxed_cast<const Class &>(params[0], &t_conversions));
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<Ret>::handle((o.*m_f)(boxed_cast<Param>(params[I+1], &t_conversions)...));
+            }
+
+          private:
+            decltype(t_func) m_f;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func);
+      }();
+    }
+
+
+  template<typename Class, typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function fun(void (Class::*t_func)(Param...), std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(decltype(t_func) func)
+              : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<void>(), user_type<Class &>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(func)
+            {
+            }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Class &, Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              Class &o = static_cast<Class &>(boxed_cast<Class &>(params[0], &t_conversions));
+              (o.*m_f)(boxed_cast<Param>(params[I+1], &t_conversions)...);
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<void>::handle();
+            }
+
+          private:
+            decltype(t_func) m_f;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func);
+      }();
+    }
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param, size_t ... I>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...), std::index_sequence<I...>)
+    {
+      return [t_func](){
+        class Func final : public dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base
+        {
+          public:
+            Func(decltype(t_func) func)
+              : dispatch::Proxy_Function_Impl_Base({user_type<Ret>(), user_type<Class &>(), user_type<Param>()...}),
+                m_f(func)
+            {
+            }
+
+            bool compare_types_with_cast(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              return compare_types_with_cast_impl<Class &, Param...>(params, t_conversions);
+            }
+
+          protected:
+            Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override
+            {
+              Class &o = static_cast<Class &>(boxed_cast<Class &>(params[0], &t_conversions));
+              return dispatch::detail::Handle_Return<Ret>::handle((o.*m_f)(boxed_cast<Param>(params[I+1], &t_conversions)...));
+            }
+
+          private:
+            decltype(t_func) m_f;
+        };
+
+        return chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, Func>(t_func);
+      }();
 
     }
 
   template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
     Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const)
     {
-      auto call = dispatch::detail::Const_Caller<Ret, Class, Param...>(t_func);
-
-      return Proxy_Function(
-          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (const Class &, Param...), decltype(call)>>(call));
+      return fun(t_func, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Param)>());
     }
 
+  template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
+    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (*func)(Param...))
+    {
+      return fun(func, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Param)>());
+    }
+
+
   template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
     Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...))
     {
-      auto call = dispatch::detail::Caller<Ret, Class, Param...>(t_func);
-
-      return Proxy_Function(
-          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (Class &, Param...), decltype(call)>>(call));
-
+      return fun(t_func, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Param)>());
     }
 
-
   template<typename T, typename Class /*, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::type*/>
     Proxy_Function fun(T Class::* m /*, typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::type* = 0*/ )
     {

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_CAST_CONVERSION_HPP_
@@ -29,48 +29,48 @@ namespace chaiscript
     {
       public:
         bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to,
-            const std::string &t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+            const std::string &t_what) noexcept
           : bad_boxed_cast(t_from, t_to, t_what)
         {
         }
 
-        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to) noexcept
           : bad_boxed_cast(t_from, t_to)
         {
         }
 
-        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const std::string &w) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const std::string &w) noexcept
           : bad_boxed_cast(w)
         {
         }
 
         bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(const bad_boxed_dynamic_cast &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~bad_boxed_dynamic_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+        virtual ~bad_boxed_dynamic_cast() noexcept = default;
     };
 
     class bad_boxed_type_cast : public bad_boxed_cast
     {
       public:
         bad_boxed_type_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to,
-            const std::string &t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+            const std::string &t_what) noexcept
           : bad_boxed_cast(t_from, t_to, t_what)
         {
         }
 
-        bad_boxed_type_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        bad_boxed_type_cast(const Type_Info &t_from, const std::type_info &t_to) noexcept
           : bad_boxed_cast(t_from, t_to)
         {
         }
 
-        bad_boxed_type_cast(const std::string &w) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+        bad_boxed_type_cast(const std::string &w) noexcept
           : bad_boxed_cast(w)
         {
         }
 
         bad_boxed_type_cast(const bad_boxed_type_cast &) = default;
 
-        virtual ~bad_boxed_type_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+        virtual ~bad_boxed_type_cast() noexcept = default;
     };
   }
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           return true;
         }
 
-        virtual ~Type_Conversion_Base() {}
+        virtual ~Type_Conversion_Base() = default;
 
       protected:
         Type_Conversion_Base(const Type_Info &t_to, const Type_Info &t_from)
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 
       private:
-        Type_Info m_to;
-        Type_Info m_from;
+        const Type_Info m_to;
+        const Type_Info m_from;
 
     };
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 if (t_from.is_const())
                 {
                   return Boxed_Value(
-                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<const To>{
+                      [&](){
                         if (auto data = std::static_pointer_cast<const To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<const From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
                         {
                           return data;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                       );
                 } else {
                   return Boxed_Value(
-                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<To>{
+                      [&](){
                         if (auto data = std::static_pointer_cast<To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
                         {
                           return data;
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                 if (t_from.is_const())
                 {
                   return Boxed_Value(
-                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<const To>{
+                      [&](){
                         if (auto data = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<const From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
                         {
                           return data;
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
                       );
                 } else {
                   return Boxed_Value(
-                      [&]()->std::shared_ptr<To>{
+                      [&](){
                         if (auto data = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<To>(detail::Cast_Helper<std::shared_ptr<From> >::cast(t_from, nullptr)))
                         {
                           return data;
@@ -242,12 +242,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &t_base) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &t_base) const override
         {
           return Dynamic_Caster<Base, Derived>::cast(t_base);
         }
 
-        virtual Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_derived) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_derived) const override
         {
           return Static_Caster<Derived, Base>::cast(t_derived);
         }
@@ -262,17 +262,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &t_base) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &t_base) const override
         {
-          throw chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(t_base.get_type_info(), typeid(Derived), "Unable to cast down inheritance hierarchy with non-polymorphic types");
+          throw chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(t_base.get_type_info(), typeid(Derived), 
+              "Unable to cast down inheritance hierarchy with non-polymorphic types");
         }
 
-        virtual bool bidir() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        bool bidir() const override
         {
           return false;
         }
 
-        virtual Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_derived) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_derived) const override
         {
           return Static_Caster<Derived, Base>::cast(t_derived);
         }
@@ -290,18 +291,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
         {
         }
 
-        virtual Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value convert_down(const Boxed_Value &) const override
         {
           throw chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_type_cast("No conversion exists");
         }
 
-        virtual Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_from) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        Boxed_Value convert(const Boxed_Value &t_from) const override
         {
           /// \todo better handling of errors from the conversion function
           return m_func(t_from);
         }
 
-        virtual bool bidir() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+        virtual bool bidir() const override
         {
           return false;
         }
@@ -310,12 +311,17 @@ namespace chaiscript
       private:
         Callable m_func;
     };
-
   }
 
   class Type_Conversions
   {
     public:
+      struct Conversion_Saves
+      {
+        bool enabled = false;
+        std::vector<Boxed_Value> saves;
+      };
+
       struct Less_Than
       {
         bool operator()(const std::type_info *t_lhs, const std::type_info *t_rhs) const
@@ -341,7 +347,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
           m_num_types(m_conversions.size()),
           m_thread_cache(this),
           m_conversion_saves(this)
-
       {
       }
 
@@ -387,15 +392,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
         } else {
           return false;
         }
-
       }
 
       template<typename To>
-        Boxed_Value boxed_type_conversion(const Boxed_Value &from) const
+        Boxed_Value boxed_type_conversion(Conversion_Saves &t_saves, const Boxed_Value &from) const
         {
           try {
             Boxed_Value ret = get_conversion(user_type<To>(), from.get_type_info())->convert(from);
-            if (m_conversion_saves->enabled) m_conversion_saves->saves.push_back(ret);
+            if (t_saves.enabled) t_saves.saves.push_back(ret);
             return ret;
           } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
             throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(from.get_type_info(), typeid(To), "No known conversion");
@@ -405,11 +409,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
       template<typename From>
-        Boxed_Value boxed_type_down_conversion(const Boxed_Value &to) const
+        Boxed_Value boxed_type_down_conversion(Conversion_Saves &t_saves, const Boxed_Value &to) const
         {
           try {
             Boxed_Value ret = get_conversion(to.get_type_info(), user_type<From>())->convert_down(to);
-            if (m_conversion_saves->enabled) m_conversion_saves->saves.push_back(ret);
+            if (t_saves.enabled) t_saves.saves.push_back(ret);
             return ret;
           } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
             throw exception::bad_boxed_dynamic_cast(to.get_type_info(), typeid(From), "No known conversion");
@@ -418,15 +422,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
         }
 
-      void enable_conversion_saves(bool t_val) 
+      static void enable_conversion_saves(Conversion_Saves &t_saves, bool t_val) 
       {
-        m_conversion_saves->enabled = t_val;
+        t_saves.enabled = t_val;
       }
 
-      std::vector<Boxed_Value> take_saves()
+      std::vector<Boxed_Value> take_saves(Conversion_Saves &t_saves)
       {
         std::vector<Boxed_Value> ret;
-        std::swap(ret, m_conversion_saves->saves);
+        std::swap(ret, t_saves.saves);
         return ret;
       }
 
@@ -440,7 +444,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       {
         chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_lock<chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex> l(m_mutex);
 
-        auto itr = find(to, from);
+        const auto itr = find(to, from);
 
         if (itr != m_conversions.end())
         {
@@ -450,6 +454,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
       }
 
+      Conversion_Saves &conversion_saves() const {
+        return *m_conversion_saves;
+      }
+
     private:
       std::set<std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base> >::const_iterator find_bidir(
           const Type_Info &to, const Type_Info &from) const
@@ -459,7 +467,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
               {
                 return  (conversion->to().bare_equal(to) && conversion->from().bare_equal(from))
                      || (conversion->bidir() && conversion->from().bare_equal(to) && conversion->to().bare_equal(from));
-;
               }
         );
       }
@@ -483,15 +490,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
 
 
-      struct Conversion_Saves
-      {
-        Conversion_Saves()
-          : enabled(false)
-        {}
-
-        bool enabled;
-        std::vector<Boxed_Value> saves;
-      };
 
       mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::shared_mutex m_mutex;
       std::set<std::shared_ptr<detail::Type_Conversion_Base>> m_conversions;
@@ -501,6 +499,33 @@ namespace chaiscript
       mutable chaiscript::detail::threading::Thread_Storage<Conversion_Saves> m_conversion_saves;
   };
 
+  class Type_Conversions_State
+  {
+    public:
+      Type_Conversions_State(const Type_Conversions &t_conversions,
+          Type_Conversions::Conversion_Saves &t_saves)
+        : m_conversions(t_conversions),
+          m_saves(t_saves)
+      {
+      }
+
+      const Type_Conversions *operator->() const {
+        return &m_conversions.get();
+      }
+
+      const Type_Conversions *get() const {
+        return &m_conversions.get();
+      }
+
+      Type_Conversions::Conversion_Saves &saves() const {
+        return m_saves;
+      }
+
+    private:
+      std::reference_wrapper<const Type_Conversions> m_conversions;
+      std::reference_wrapper<Type_Conversions::Conversion_Saves> m_saves;
+  };
+
   typedef std::shared_ptr<chaiscript::detail::Type_Conversion_Base> Type_Conversion;
 
   /// \brief Used to register a to / parent class relationship with ChaiScript. Necessary if you
@@ -582,7 +607,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &from_vec = detail::Cast_Helper<const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &>::cast(t_bv, nullptr);
 
         To vec;
-
+        vec.reserve(from_vec.size());
         for (const Boxed_Value &bv : from_vec) {
           vec.push_back(detail::Cast_Helper<typename To::value_type>::cast(bv, nullptr));
         }
@@ -593,6 +618,22 @@ namespace chaiscript
       return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<std::vector<Boxed_Value>>(), user_type<To>(), func);
     }
 
+  template<typename To>
+    Type_Conversion map_conversion()
+    {
+      auto func = [](const Boxed_Value &t_bv) -> Boxed_Value {
+        const std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> &from_map = detail::Cast_Helper<const std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> &>::cast(t_bv, nullptr);
+
+        To map;
+        for (const std::pair<std::string, Boxed_Value> &p : from_map) {
+          map.insert(std::make_pair(p.first, detail::Cast_Helper<typename To::mapped_type>::cast(p.second, nullptr)));
+        }
+
+        return Boxed_Value(std::move(map));
+      };
+
+      return chaiscript::make_shared<detail::Type_Conversion_Base, detail::Type_Conversion_Impl<decltype(func)>>(user_type<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>>(), user_type<To>(), func);
+    }
 }
 
 

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
@@ -29,70 +29,61 @@ namespace chaiscript
   class Type_Info
   {
     public:
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR Type_Info(bool t_is_const, bool t_is_reference, bool t_is_pointer, bool t_is_void, 
+      constexpr Type_Info(bool t_is_const, bool t_is_reference, bool t_is_pointer, bool t_is_void, 
           bool t_is_arithmetic, const std::type_info *t_ti, const std::type_info *t_bare_ti)
         : m_type_info(t_ti), m_bare_type_info(t_bare_ti),
-        m_is_const(t_is_const), m_is_reference(t_is_reference), m_is_pointer(t_is_pointer),
-        m_is_void(t_is_void), m_is_arithmetic(t_is_arithmetic),
-        m_is_undef(false)
+          m_flags((static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_const) << is_const_flag)
+                + (static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_reference) << is_reference_flag)
+                + (static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_pointer) << is_pointer_flag)
+                + (static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_void) << is_void_flag)
+                + (static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_arithmetic) << is_arithmetic_flag))
       {
       }
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR Type_Info()
-        : m_type_info(nullptr), m_bare_type_info(nullptr),
-        m_is_const(false), m_is_reference(false), m_is_pointer(false),
-        m_is_void(false), m_is_arithmetic(false), 
-        m_is_undef(true)
-      {
-      }
+      constexpr Type_Info() = default;
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER != 1800
-      Type_Info(Type_Info&&) = default;
-      Type_Info& operator=(Type_Info&&) = default;
-#endif
-
-      Type_Info(const Type_Info&) = default;
-      Type_Info& operator=(const Type_Info&) = default;
-
-
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      constexpr bool operator<(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept
       {
         return m_type_info < ti.m_type_info;
       }
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      constexpr bool operator==(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept
       {
         return ti.m_type_info == m_type_info
-          || (ti.m_type_info && m_type_info && *ti.m_type_info == *m_type_info);
+           || *ti.m_type_info == *m_type_info;
       }
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(const std::type_info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      constexpr bool operator!=(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept
       {
-        return m_type_info != nullptr && (*m_type_info) == ti;
+        return !(*this == ti);
       }
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool bare_equal(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      constexpr bool operator==(const std::type_info &ti) const noexcept
+      {
+        return !is_undef() && (*m_type_info) == ti;
+      }
+
+      constexpr bool bare_equal(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept
       {
         return ti.m_bare_type_info == m_bare_type_info
-          || (ti.m_bare_type_info && m_bare_type_info && *ti.m_bare_type_info == *m_bare_type_info);
+           || *ti.m_bare_type_info == *m_bare_type_info;
       }
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool bare_equal_type_info(const std::type_info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      constexpr bool bare_equal_type_info(const std::type_info &ti) const noexcept
       {
-        return m_bare_type_info != nullptr 
-          && (*m_bare_type_info) == ti;
+        return !is_undef() && (*m_bare_type_info) == ti;
       }
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_const() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_const; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_reference() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_reference; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_void() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_void; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_arithmetic() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_arithmetic; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_undef() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_undef; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_pointer() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_pointer; }
+      constexpr bool is_const() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_const_flag)) != 0; }
+      constexpr bool is_reference() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_reference_flag)) != 0; }
+      constexpr bool is_void() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_void_flag)) != 0; }
+      constexpr bool is_arithmetic() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_arithmetic_flag)) != 0; }
+      constexpr bool is_undef() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_undef_flag)) != 0; }
+      constexpr bool is_pointer() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_pointer_flag)) != 0; }
 
       std::string name() const
       {
-        if (m_type_info)
+        if (!is_undef())
         {
           return m_type_info->name();
         } else {
@@ -102,7 +93,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       std::string bare_name() const
       {
-        if (m_bare_type_info)
+        if (!is_undef())
         {
           return m_bare_type_info->name();
         } else {
@@ -110,20 +101,23 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
       }
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR const std::type_info *bare_type_info() const
+      constexpr const std::type_info *bare_type_info() const
       {
         return m_bare_type_info;
       }
 
     private:
-      const std::type_info *m_type_info;
-      const std::type_info *m_bare_type_info;
-      bool m_is_const;
-      bool m_is_reference;
-      bool m_is_pointer;
-      bool m_is_void;
-      bool m_is_arithmetic;
-      bool m_is_undef;
+      struct Unknown_Type {};
+
+      const std::type_info *m_type_info = &typeid(Unknown_Type);
+      const std::type_info *m_bare_type_info = &typeid(Unknown_Type);
+      static const int is_const_flag = 0;
+      static const int is_reference_flag = 1;
+      static const int is_pointer_flag = 2;
+      static const int is_void_flag = 3;
+      static const int is_arithmetic_flag = 4;
+      static const int is_undef_flag = 5;
+      unsigned int m_flags = (1 << is_undef_flag);
   };
 
   namespace detail
@@ -161,6 +155,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
       };
 
+    template<typename T>
+      struct Get_Type_Info<std::shared_ptr<T> &> : Get_Type_Info<std::shared_ptr<T>>
+      {
+      };
+
     template<typename T>
       struct Get_Type_Info<const std::shared_ptr<T> &>
       {

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP_

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP_
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname,
           const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
           bool t_dot_notation,
-          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
+          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) noexcept :
         std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss)),
         reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname), detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss)) 
       {}
@@ -121,18 +121,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
       eval_error(const std::string &t_why, 
            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
            bool t_dot_notation,
-           const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
+           const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) noexcept :
         std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss)),
         reason(t_why), detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss))
       {}
 
 
-      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname) noexcept :
         std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname)),
         reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname)
       {}
 
-      eval_error(const std::string &t_why) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why) noexcept
         : std::runtime_error("Error: \"" + t_why + "\" "),
         reason(t_why) 
       {}
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return ss.str();
       }
 
-      virtual ~eval_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      virtual ~eval_error() noexcept {}
 
     private:
 
@@ -420,12 +420,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     /// Errors generated when loading a file
     struct file_not_found_error : std::runtime_error {
-      file_not_found_error(const std::string &t_filename) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      file_not_found_error(const std::string &t_filename) noexcept
         : std::runtime_error("File Not Found: " + t_filename)
       { }
 
       file_not_found_error(const file_not_found_error &) = default;
-      virtual ~file_not_found_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      virtual ~file_not_found_error() noexcept {}
     };
 
   }
@@ -582,12 +582,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
         Function_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
           : m_ds(t_ds)
         {
-          m_ds.get()->new_function_call(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+          m_ds.get()->new_function_call(m_ds.get().stack_holder(), m_ds.get().conversion_saves());
         }
 
         ~Function_Push_Pop()
         {
-          m_ds.get()->pop_function_call(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+          m_ds.get()->pop_function_call(m_ds.get().stack_holder(), m_ds.get().conversion_saves());
         }
 
         void save_params(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params)

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_engine.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ENGINE_HPP_
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \brief Thrown if an error occurs while attempting to load a binary module
     struct load_module_error : std::runtime_error
     {
-      load_module_error(const std::string &t_reason) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
+      load_module_error(const std::string &t_reason) noexcept
         : std::runtime_error(t_reason)
       {
       }
 
       load_module_error(const load_module_error &) = default;
-      virtual ~load_module_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      virtual ~load_module_error() noexcept {}
     };
   }
 
@@ -177,11 +177,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
             FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | 
             FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |
             FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
-            NULL,
+            nullptr,
             t_err,
             MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
             reinterpret_cast<StringType>(&lpMsgBuf),
-            0, NULL ) != 0 && lpMsgBuf)
+            0, nullptr ) != 0 && lpMsgBuf)
         {
           retval = lpMsgBuf;
           LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
@@ -342,6 +342,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("class");
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("attr");
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("var");
+      m_engine.add_reserved_word("global");
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("GLOBAL");
       m_engine.add_reserved_word("_");
 
@@ -367,11 +368,15 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
 //      m_engine.add(fun<Boxed_Value (const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base *, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &)>(std::bind(&chaiscript::dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base::operator(), std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::ref(m_engine.conversions()))), "call");
 //
+//
+
       m_engine.add(fun(
-            [=](const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base &t_fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params) {
-              return t_fun(t_params, this->m_engine.conversions());
+            [=](const dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base &t_fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params) -> Boxed_Value {
+              Type_Conversions_State s(this->m_engine.conversions(), this->m_engine.conversions().conversion_saves());
+              return t_fun(t_params, s);
             }), "call");
 
+
       m_engine.add(fun([this](const Type_Info &t_ti){ return m_engine.get_type_name(t_ti); }), "name");
 
       m_engine.add(fun([this](const std::string &t_type_name, bool t_throw){ return m_engine.get_type(t_type_name, t_throw); }), "type");
@@ -398,10 +403,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
       m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version_minor), "version_minor");
       m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version_patch), "version_patch");
       m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::version), "version");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::compiler_version), "compiler_version");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::compiler_name), "compiler_name");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::compiler_id), "compiler_id");
+      m_engine.add(fun(&ChaiScript::debug_build), "debug_build");
 
       m_engine.add(fun([this](const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name){ add_global_const(t_bv, t_name); }), "add_global_const");
       m_engine.add(fun([this](const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name){ add_global(t_bv, t_name); }), "add_global");
-
+      m_engine.add(fun([this](const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name){ set_global(t_bv, t_name); }), "set_global");
     }
 
 
@@ -496,10 +505,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         // Let's see if this is a link that we should expand
         std::vector<char> buf(2048);
-        const size_t pathlen = readlink(dllpath.c_str(), &buf.front(), buf.size());
-        if (pathlen > 0 && pathlen < buf.size())
+        const auto pathlen = readlink(dllpath.c_str(), &buf.front(), buf.size());
+        if (pathlen > 0 && static_cast<size_t>(pathlen) < buf.size())
         {
-          dllpath = std::string(&buf.front(), pathlen);
+          dllpath = std::string(&buf.front(), static_cast<size_t>(pathlen));
         }
 
         m_module_paths.insert(m_module_paths.begin(), dllpath+"/");
@@ -552,11 +561,36 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     static std::string version()
     {
-      std::stringstream ss;
-      ss << version_major() << "." << version_minor() << "." << version_patch();
-      return ss.str();
+      return std::to_string(version_major()) + '.' + std::to_string(version_minor()) + '.' + std::to_string(version_patch());
     }
 
+    static std::string compiler_id()
+    {
+      return compiler_name() + '-' + compiler_version();
+    }
+
+    static std::string build_id()
+    {
+      return compiler_id() + (debug_build()?"-Debug":"-Release");
+    }
+
+    static std::string compiler_version()
+    {
+      return chaiscript::compiler_version;
+    }
+
+    static std::string compiler_name()
+    {
+      return chaiscript::compiler_name;
+    }
+
+    static bool debug_build()
+    {
+      return chaiscript::debug_build;
+    }
+
+
+
     std::string get_type_name(const Type_Info &ti) const
     {
       return m_engine.get_type_name(ti);
@@ -626,6 +660,12 @@ namespace chaiscript
       return *this;
     }
 
+    ChaiScript &set_global(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const std::string &t_name)
+    {
+      m_engine.set_global(t_bv, t_name);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
     /// \brief Represents the current state of the ChaiScript system. State and be saved and restored
     /// \warning State object does not contain the user defined type conversions of the engine. They
     ///          are left out due to performance considerations involved in tracking the state

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PARSER_HPP_
@@ -58,15 +58,122 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
     class ChaiScript_Parser {
 
-      std::string m_multiline_comment_begin;
-      std::string m_multiline_comment_end;
-      std::string m_singleline_comment;
+      static std::array<std::array<bool, detail::lengthof_alphabet>, detail::max_alphabet> build_alphabet()
+      {
+        std::array<std::array<bool, detail::lengthof_alphabet>, detail::max_alphabet> alphabet;
+
+        for (auto &alpha : alphabet) {
+          alpha.fill(false);
+        }
+
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('?')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('+')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('-')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('*')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('/')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('|')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('&')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('^')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('=')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('.')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('<')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('>')]=true;
+
+        for ( size_t c = 'a' ; c <= 'z' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::keyword_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        for ( size_t c = 'A' ; c <= 'Z' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::keyword_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        for ( size_t c = '0' ; c <= '9' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::keyword_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        alphabet[detail::keyword_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('_')]=true;
+
+        for ( size_t c = '0' ; c <= '9' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::int_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        for ( size_t c = '0' ; c <= '9' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::float_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        alphabet[detail::float_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('.')]=true;
+
+        for ( size_t c = '0' ; c <= '9' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::hex_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        for ( size_t c = 'a' ; c <= 'f' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::hex_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        for ( size_t c = 'A' ; c <= 'F' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::hex_alphabet][c]=true; }
+
+        alphabet[detail::x_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('x')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::x_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('X')]=true;
+
+        for ( size_t c = '0' ; c <= '1' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::bin_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        alphabet[detail::b_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('b')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::b_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('B')]=true;
+
+        for ( size_t c = 'a' ; c <= 'z' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::id_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        for ( size_t c = 'A' ; c <= 'Z' ; ++c ) { alphabet[detail::id_alphabet][c]=true; }
+        alphabet[detail::id_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('_')] = true;
+
+        alphabet[detail::white_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>(' ')]=true;
+        alphabet[detail::white_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('\t')]=true;
+
+        alphabet[detail::int_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('l')] = true;
+        alphabet[detail::int_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('L')] = true;
+        alphabet[detail::int_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('u')] = true;
+        alphabet[detail::int_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('U')] = true;
+
+        alphabet[detail::float_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('l')] = true;
+        alphabet[detail::float_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('L')] = true;
+        alphabet[detail::float_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('f')] = true;
+        alphabet[detail::float_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<size_t>('F')] = true;
+
+        return alphabet;
+      }
+
+      static const std::array<std::array<bool, detail::lengthof_alphabet>, detail::max_alphabet> &create_alphabet()
+      {
+        static const auto alpha = build_alphabet();
+        return alpha;
+      }
+
+
+      static const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &create_operator_matches() {
+        static const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> operator_matches {
+          {"?"},
+          {"||"},
+          {"&&"},
+          {"|"},
+          {"^"},
+          {"&"},
+          {"==", "!="},
+          {"<", "<=", ">", ">="},
+          {"<<", ">>"},
+          //We share precedence here but then separate them later
+          {"+", "-"},
+          {"*", "/", "%"}
+        };
+
+        return operator_matches;
+      }
+
+
+      static const std::array<AST_Node_Type::Type, 11> &create_operators() {
+        static const std::array<AST_Node_Type::Type, 11> operators = {{
+          AST_Node_Type::Ternary_Cond,
+          AST_Node_Type::Logical_Or,
+          AST_Node_Type::Logical_And,
+          AST_Node_Type::Bitwise_Or,
+          AST_Node_Type::Bitwise_Xor,
+          AST_Node_Type::Bitwise_And,
+          AST_Node_Type::Equality,
+          AST_Node_Type::Comparison,
+          AST_Node_Type::Shift,
+          AST_Node_Type::Addition,
+          AST_Node_Type::Multiplication
+        }};
+        return operators;
+      }
+
+      static constexpr const char * const m_multiline_comment_begin = "/*";
+      static constexpr const char * const m_multiline_comment_end = "*/";
+      static constexpr const char * const m_singleline_comment = "//";
+
+      const std::array<std::array<bool, detail::lengthof_alphabet>, detail::max_alphabet> &m_alphabet = create_alphabet();
+      const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &m_operator_matches = create_operator_matches();
+      const std::array<AST_Node_Type::Type, 11> &m_operators = create_operators();
+
       std::shared_ptr<std::string> m_filename;
       std::vector<AST_NodePtr> m_match_stack;
-      bool m_alphabet[detail::max_alphabet][detail::lengthof_alphabet];
 
-      std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> m_operator_matches;
-      std::vector<AST_Node_Type::Type> m_operators;
 
       struct Position
       {
@@ -147,7 +254,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
         size_t remaining() const {
-          return std::distance(m_pos, m_end);
+          return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(m_pos, m_end));
         }
 
         char operator*() const {
@@ -171,114 +278,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       public:
       ChaiScript_Parser()
-        : m_multiline_comment_begin("/*"),
-          m_multiline_comment_end("*/"),
-          m_singleline_comment("//")
       {
         m_match_stack.reserve(2);
-        setup_operators();
       }
 
       ChaiScript_Parser(const ChaiScript_Parser &) = delete;
       ChaiScript_Parser &operator=(const ChaiScript_Parser &) = delete;
 
-      void setup_operators()
-      {
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Ternary_Cond);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"?"}));
-
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Logical_Or);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"||"}));
-
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Logical_And);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"&&"}));
-
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Bitwise_Or);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"|"}));
-
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Bitwise_Xor);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"^"}));
-
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Bitwise_And);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"&"}));
-
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Equality);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"==", "!="}));
-
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Comparison);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"<", "<=", ">", ">="}));
-
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Shift);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"<<", ">>"}));
-
-        //We share precedence here but then separate them later
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Addition);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"+", "-"}));
-
-        //We share precedence here but then separate them later
-        m_operators.emplace_back(AST_Node_Type::Multiplication);
-        m_operator_matches.emplace_back(std::initializer_list<std::string>({"*", "/", "%"}));
-
-        for (auto & elem : m_alphabet) {
-          std::fill(std::begin(elem), std::end(elem), false);
-        }
-
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('?')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('+')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('-')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('*')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('/')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('|')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('&')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('^')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('=')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('.')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('<')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::symbol_alphabet][static_cast<int>('>')]=true;
-
-        for ( int c = 'a' ; c <= 'z' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::keyword_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        for ( int c = 'A' ; c <= 'Z' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::keyword_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        for ( int c = '0' ; c <= '9' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::keyword_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        m_alphabet[detail::keyword_alphabet][static_cast<int>('_')]=true;
-
-        for ( int c = '0' ; c <= '9' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::int_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        for ( int c = '0' ; c <= '9' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::float_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        m_alphabet[detail::float_alphabet][static_cast<int>('.')]=true;
-
-        for ( int c = '0' ; c <= '9' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::hex_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        for ( int c = 'a' ; c <= 'f' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::hex_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        for ( int c = 'A' ; c <= 'F' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::hex_alphabet][c]=true; }
-
-        m_alphabet[detail::x_alphabet][static_cast<int>('x')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::x_alphabet][static_cast<int>('X')]=true;
-
-        for ( int c = '0' ; c <= '1' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::bin_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        m_alphabet[detail::b_alphabet][static_cast<int>('b')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::b_alphabet][static_cast<int>('B')]=true;
-
-        for ( int c = 'a' ; c <= 'z' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::id_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        for ( int c = 'A' ; c <= 'Z' ; ++c ) { m_alphabet[detail::id_alphabet][c]=true; }
-        m_alphabet[detail::id_alphabet][static_cast<int>('_')] = true;
-
-        m_alphabet[detail::white_alphabet][static_cast<int>(' ')]=true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::white_alphabet][static_cast<int>('\t')]=true;
-
-        m_alphabet[detail::int_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<int>('l')] = true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::int_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<int>('L')] = true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::int_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<int>('u')] = true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::int_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<int>('U')] = true;
-
-        m_alphabet[detail::float_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<int>('l')] = true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::float_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<int>('L')] = true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::float_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<int>('f')] = true;
-        m_alphabet[detail::float_suffix_alphabet][static_cast<int>('F')] = true;
-      }
 
       /// test a char in an m_alphabet
       bool char_in_alphabet(char c, detail::Alphabet a) const { return m_alphabet[a][static_cast<uint8_t>(c)]; }
 
       /// Prints the parsed ast_nodes as a tree
-      void debug_print(AST_NodePtr t, std::string prepend = "") {
+      void debug_print(AST_NodePtr t, std::string prepend = "") const {
         std::cout << prepend << "(" << ast_node_type_to_string(t->identifier) << ") " << t->text << " : " << t->start().line << ", " << t->start().column << '\n';
         for (unsigned int j = 0; j < t->children.size(); ++j) {
           debug_print(t->children[j], prepend + "  ");
@@ -423,16 +435,16 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
       /// Skips any multi-line or single-line comment
       bool SkipComment() {
-        if (Symbol_(m_multiline_comment_begin.c_str())) {
+        if (Symbol_(m_multiline_comment_begin)) {
           while (m_position.has_more()) {
-            if (Symbol_(m_multiline_comment_end.c_str())) {
+            if (Symbol_(m_multiline_comment_end)) {
               break;
             } else if (!Eol_()) {
               ++m_position;
             }
           }
           return true;
-        } else if (Symbol_(m_singleline_comment.c_str())) {
+        } else if (Symbol_(m_singleline_comment)) {
           while (m_position.has_more()) {
             if (Symbol_("\r\n")) {
               m_position -= 2;
@@ -621,11 +633,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         if (float_)
         {
-          return const_var(std::stof(t_val.substr(0,i)));
+          return const_var(parse_num<float>(t_val.substr(0,i)));
         } else if (long_) {
-          return const_var(std::stold(t_val.substr(0,i)));
+          return const_var(parse_num<long double>(t_val.substr(0,i)));
         } else {
-          return const_var(std::stod(t_val.substr(0,i)));
+          return const_var(parse_num<double>(t_val.substr(0,i)));
         }
       }
 
@@ -660,14 +672,20 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         const auto val = prefixed?std::string(t_val.begin()+2,t_val.end()):t_val;
 
-        try {
-          auto u = std::stoll(val,nullptr,base);
-
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-compare"
+
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_CLANG
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wtautological-compare"
 #endif
 
+#endif
+
+        try {
+          auto u = std::stoll(val,nullptr,base);
+
+
           if (!unsigned_ && !long_ && u >= std::numeric_limits<int>::min() && u <= std::numeric_limits<int>::max()) {
             return const_var(static_cast<int>(u));
           } else if ((unsigned_ || base != 10) && !long_ && u >= std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::min() && u <= std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()) {
@@ -682,10 +700,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return const_var(static_cast<unsigned long long>(u));
           }
 
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
-#endif
-
         } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
           // too big to be signed
           try {
@@ -701,6 +715,11 @@ namespace chaiscript
             return const_var(std::numeric_limits<long long>::max());
           }
         }
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
       }
 
       template<typename T, typename ... Param>
@@ -874,8 +893,20 @@ namespace chaiscript
           char prev_char = *m_position;
           ++m_position;
 
-          while (m_position.has_more() && ((*m_position != '\"') || ((*m_position == '\"') && (prev_char == '\\')))) {
+          int in_interpolation = 0;
+          bool in_quote = false;
+
+          while (m_position.has_more() && ((*m_position != '\"') || ((*m_position == '\"') && (in_interpolation > 0)) ||  ((*m_position == '\"') && (prev_char == '\\')))) {
+
             if (!Eol_()) {
+              if (prev_char == '$' && *m_position == '{') {
+                ++in_interpolation;
+              } else if (prev_char != '\\' && *m_position == '"') {
+                in_quote = !in_quote;
+              } else if (*m_position == '}' && !in_quote) {
+                --in_interpolation;
+              }
+
               if (prev_char == '\\') {
                 prev_char = 0;
               } else {
@@ -954,15 +985,6 @@ namespace chaiscript
         }
 
         void parse(const char_type t_char, const int line, const int col, const std::string &filename) {
-          if (t_char == '\\') {
-            if (is_escaped) {
-              match.push_back('\\');
-              is_escaped = false;
-            } else {
-              is_escaped = true;
-            }
-          } else {
-            if (is_escaped) {
           const bool is_octal_char = t_char >= '0' && t_char <= '7';
 
           if (is_octal) {
@@ -972,9 +994,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
               if (octal_matches.size() == 3) {
                 process_octal();
               }
+              return;
             } else {
               process_octal();
-                  match.push_back(t_char);
             }
           } else if (is_hex) {
             const bool is_hex_char = (t_char >= '0' && t_char <= '9')
@@ -983,11 +1005,30 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
             if (is_hex_char) {
               hex_matches.push_back(t_char);
+
+              if (hex_matches.size() == 2*sizeof(char_type)) {
+                // This rule differs from the C/C++ standard, but ChaiScript
+                // does not offer the same workaround options, and having
+                // hexadecimal sequences longer than can fit into the char
+                // type is undefined behavior anyway.
+                process_hex();
+              }
+              return;
             } else {
               process_hex();
-                  match.push_back(t_char);
             }
-              } else if (is_octal_char) {
+          }
+
+          if (t_char == '\\') {
+            if (is_escaped) {
+              match.push_back('\\');
+              is_escaped = false;
+            } else {
+              is_escaped = true;
+            }
+          } else {
+            if (is_escaped) {
+              if (is_octal_char) {
                 is_octal = true;
                 octal_matches.push_back(t_char);
               } else if (t_char == 'x') {
@@ -1155,7 +1196,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             std::string match;
 
             {
-              // scope for cparser destrutor
+              // scope for cparser destructor
               Char_Parser<std::string> cparser(match, false);
 
               for (auto s = start + 1, end = m_position - 1; s != end; ++s) {
@@ -1163,6 +1204,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
               }
             }
 
+            if (match.size() != 1) {
+              throw exception::eval_error("Single-quoted strings must be 1 character long", File_Position(m_position.line, m_position.col), *m_filename);
+            }
+
             m_match_stack.push_back(make_node<eval::Single_Quoted_String_AST_Node>(match, start.line, start.col));
             return true;
           }
@@ -2038,7 +2083,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
           }
 
           build_match<eval::Var_Decl_AST_Node>(prev_stack_top);
-        } else if (Keyword("GLOBAL")) {
+        } else if (Keyword("GLOBAL") || Keyword("global")) {
           retval = true;
 
           if (!(Reference() || Id())) {
@@ -2184,8 +2229,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
                 switch (m_operators[t_precedence]) {
                   case(AST_Node_Type::Ternary_Cond) :
-                    m_match_stack.erase(m_match_stack.begin() + m_match_stack.size() - 2,
-                        m_match_stack.begin() + m_match_stack.size() - 1);
+                    m_match_stack.erase(advance_copy(m_match_stack.begin(), m_match_stack.size() - 2),
+                                        advance_copy(m_match_stack.begin(), m_match_stack.size() - 1));
                     if (Symbol(":")) {
                       if (!Operator(t_precedence+1)) {
                         throw exception::eval_error("Incomplete "
@@ -2210,7 +2255,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
                   case(AST_Node_Type::Bitwise_Or) :
                   case(AST_Node_Type::Comparison) :
                     assert(m_match_stack.size() > 1);
-                    m_match_stack.erase(m_match_stack.begin() + m_match_stack.size() - 2, m_match_stack.begin() + m_match_stack.size() - 1);
+                    m_match_stack.erase(advance_copy(m_match_stack.begin(), m_match_stack.size() - 2), 
+                                        advance_copy(m_match_stack.begin(), m_match_stack.size() - 1));
                     build_match<eval::Binary_Operator_AST_Node>(prev_stack_top, oper->text);
                     break;
 

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// and Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// and 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 namespace chaiscript {
 struct ChaiScript_Prelude { 
-  static std::string chaiscript_prelude() {  return R""(
+  static std::string chaiscript_prelude() {  return R"chaiscript(
 
 def lt(l, r) { 
   if (call_exists(`<`, l, r)) { 
@@ -215,6 +215,29 @@ def for_each(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) {
   } 
 } 
 
+def any_of(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  var t_range := range(container); 
+  while (!t_range.empty()) { 
+    if (func(t_range.front())) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    t_range.pop_front(); 
+  }
+  false;
+}
+
+def all_of(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
+  var t_range := range(container); 
+  while (!t_range.empty()) { 
+    if (!func(t_range.front())) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    t_range.pop_front(); 
+  }
+
+  true;
+}
+
 def back_inserter(container) {
   bind(push_back, container, _);
 }
@@ -530,7 +553,7 @@ def find(container, value) {
 } 
 
 
-)"";
+)chaiscript";
 }
 
 };

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude_docs.hpp

@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ class Function
     /// \endcode
     Vector get_contained_functions() const;
 
-    /// \brief Returns a vector of the contained functions
+    /// \brief Returns a function guard as function
     /// 
     /// Example:
     /// \code

include/chaiscript/utility/json.hpp

@@ -13,18 +13,16 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cctype>
 #include <string>
-#include <deque>
+#include <vector>
 #include <map>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <initializer_list>
 #include <ostream>
 #include <iostream>
+#include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
 
 namespace json {
 
-using std::map;
-using std::deque;
-using std::string;
 using std::enable_if;
 using std::initializer_list;
 using std::is_same;
@@ -32,10 +30,330 @@ using std::is_convertible;
 using std::is_integral;
 using std::is_floating_point;
 
-namespace {
-    string json_escape( const string &str ) {
-        string output;
-        for( unsigned i = 0; i < str.length(); ++i )
+
+
+
+class JSON
+{
+  public:
+    enum class Class {
+      Null,
+      Object,
+      Array,
+      String,
+      Floating,
+      Integral,
+      Boolean
+    };
+
+  private:
+    struct Internal {
+      template<typename T>
+        auto clone(const std::unique_ptr<T> &ptr) {
+          if (ptr != nullptr) {
+            return std::make_unique<T>(*ptr);
+          } else {
+            return std::unique_ptr<T>(nullptr);
+          }
+        }
+
+      Internal( double d ) : Float( d ), Type(Class::Floating) {}
+      Internal( long   l ) : Int( l ), Type(Class::Integral) {}
+      Internal( bool   b ) : Bool( b ), Type(Class::Boolean) {}
+      Internal( std::string s ) : String(std::make_unique<std::string>(std::move(s))), Type(Class::String) {}
+      Internal()           : Type(Class::Null) {}
+
+      Internal(Class t_type) {
+        set_type(t_type);
+      }
+
+      Internal(const Internal &other)
+        : List(clone(other.List)),
+        Map(clone(other.Map)),
+        String(clone(other.String)),
+        Float(other.Float),
+        Int(other.Int),
+        Bool(other.Bool),
+        Type(other.Type)
+      {
+      }
+
+      Internal &operator=(const Internal &other)
+      {
+        List = clone(other.List);
+        Map = clone(other.Map);
+        String = clone(other.String);
+        Float = other.Float;
+        Int = other.Int;
+        Bool = other.Bool;
+        Type = other.Type;
+        return *this;
+      }
+
+      void set_type( Class type ) {
+        if( type == Type ) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        Map.reset();
+        List.reset();
+        String.reset();
+
+        switch( type ) {
+          case Class::Object:    Map    = std::make_unique<std::map<std::string,JSON>>(); break;
+          case Class::Array:     List   = std::make_unique<std::vector<JSON>>();      break;
+          case Class::String:    String = std::make_unique<std::string>();           break;
+          case Class::Floating:  Float  = 0.0;                    break;
+          case Class::Integral:  Int    = 0;                      break;
+          case Class::Boolean:   Bool   = false;                  break;
+          case Class::Null:      break;
+        }
+
+        Type = type;
+      }
+
+      Internal(Internal &&) = default;
+      Internal &operator=(Internal &&) = default;
+
+      std::unique_ptr<std::vector<JSON>>      List;
+      std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string,JSON>> Map;
+      std::unique_ptr<std::string>           String;
+      double              Float = 0;
+      long                Int = 0;
+      bool                Bool = false;
+
+      Class Type = Class::Null;
+    };
+
+    Internal internal;
+
+  public:
+
+    template <typename Container>
+      class JSONWrapper {
+        Container *object = nullptr;
+
+        public:
+        JSONWrapper( Container *val ) : object( val ) {}
+        JSONWrapper( std::nullptr_t ) {}
+
+        typename Container::iterator begin() { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::iterator(); }
+        typename Container::iterator end() { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::iterator(); }
+        typename Container::const_iterator begin() const { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::iterator(); }
+        typename Container::const_iterator end() const { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::iterator(); }
+      };
+
+    template <typename Container>
+      class JSONConstWrapper {
+        const Container *object = nullptr;
+
+        public:
+        JSONConstWrapper( const Container *val ) : object( val ) {}
+        JSONConstWrapper( std::nullptr_t ) {}
+
+        typename Container::const_iterator begin() const { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::const_iterator(); }
+        typename Container::const_iterator end() const { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::const_iterator(); }
+      };
+
+    JSON() = default;
+    JSON( std::nullptr_t ) {} 
+
+    explicit JSON(Class type)
+      : internal(type)
+    {
+    }
+
+    JSON( initializer_list<JSON> list ) 
+      : internal(Class::Object)
+    {
+      for( auto i = list.begin(), e = list.end(); i != e; ++i, ++i ) {
+        operator[]( i->to_string() ) = *std::next( i );
+      }
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+      explicit JSON( T b, typename enable_if<is_same<T,bool>::value>::type* = nullptr ) : internal( static_cast<bool>(b) ) {}
+
+    template <typename T>
+      explicit JSON( T i, typename enable_if<is_integral<T>::value && !is_same<T,bool>::value>::type* = nullptr ) : internal( static_cast<long>(i) ) {}
+
+    template <typename T>
+      explicit JSON( T f, typename enable_if<is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* = nullptr ) : internal( static_cast<double>(f) ) {}
+
+    template <typename T>
+      explicit JSON( T s, typename enable_if<is_convertible<T,std::string>::value>::type* = nullptr ) : internal( static_cast<std::string>(s) ) {}
+
+
+
+    static JSON Load( const std::string & );
+
+    JSON& operator[]( const std::string &key ) {
+      internal.set_type( Class::Object ); 
+      return internal.Map->operator[]( key );
+    }
+
+    JSON& operator[]( const size_t index ) {
+      internal.set_type( Class::Array );
+      if( index >= internal.List->size() ) {
+        internal.List->resize( index + 1 );
+      }
+
+      return internal.List->operator[]( index );
+    }
+
+
+    JSON &at( const std::string &key ) {
+      return operator[]( key );
+    }
+
+    const JSON &at( const std::string &key ) const {
+      return internal.Map->at( key );
+    }
+
+    JSON &at( size_t index ) {
+      return operator[]( index );
+    }
+
+    const JSON &at( size_t index ) const {
+      return internal.List->at( index );
+    }
+
+
+    long length() const {
+      if( internal.Type == Class::Array ) {
+        return static_cast<long>(internal.List->size());
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+    }
+
+    bool has_key( const std::string &key ) const {
+      if( internal.Type == Class::Object ) {
+        return internal.Map->find( key ) != internal.Map->end();
+      }
+
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    int size() const {
+      if( internal.Type == Class::Object ) {
+        return static_cast<int>(internal.Map->size());
+      } else if( internal.Type == Class::Array ) {
+        return static_cast<int>(internal.List->size());
+      } else {
+        return -1;
+      }
+    }
+
+    Class JSONType() const { return internal.Type; }
+
+    /// Functions for getting primitives from the JSON object.
+    bool is_null() const { return internal.Type == Class::Null; }
+
+    std::string to_string() const { bool b; return to_string( b ); }
+    std::string to_string( bool &ok ) const {
+      ok = (internal.Type == Class::String);
+      return ok ? *internal.String : std::string("");
+    }
+
+    double to_float() const { bool b; return to_float( b ); }
+    double to_float( bool &ok ) const {
+      ok = (internal.Type == Class::Floating);
+      return ok ? internal.Float : 0.0;
+    }
+
+    long to_int() const { bool b; return to_int( b ); }
+    long to_int( bool &ok ) const {
+      ok = (internal.Type == Class::Integral);
+      return ok ? internal.Int : 0;
+    }
+
+    bool to_bool() const { bool b; return to_bool( b ); }
+    bool to_bool( bool &ok ) const {
+      ok = (internal.Type == Class::Boolean);
+      return ok ? internal.Bool : false;
+    }
+
+    JSONWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>> object_range() {
+      if( internal.Type == Class::Object ) {
+        return JSONWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>>( internal.Map.get() );
+      } else {
+        return JSONWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>>( nullptr );
+      }
+    }
+
+    JSONWrapper<std::vector<JSON>> array_range() {
+      if( internal.Type == Class::Array ) {
+        return JSONWrapper<std::vector<JSON>>( internal.List.get() );
+      } else {
+        return JSONWrapper<std::vector<JSON>>( nullptr );
+      }
+    }
+
+    JSONConstWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>> object_range() const {
+      if( internal.Type == Class::Object ) {
+        return JSONConstWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>>( internal.Map.get() );
+      } else {
+        return JSONConstWrapper<std::map<std::string,JSON>>( nullptr );
+      }
+    }
+
+
+    JSONConstWrapper<std::vector<JSON>> array_range() const { 
+      if( internal.Type == Class::Array ) {
+        return JSONConstWrapper<std::vector<JSON>>( internal.List.get() );
+      } else {
+        return JSONConstWrapper<std::vector<JSON>>( nullptr );
+      }
+    }
+
+    std::string dump( long depth = 1, std::string tab = "  ") const {
+      switch( internal.Type ) {
+        case Class::Null:
+          return "null";
+        case Class::Object: {
+                              std::string pad = "";
+                              for( long i = 0; i < depth; ++i, pad += tab );
+
+                              std::string s = "{\n";
+                              bool skip = true;
+                              for( auto &p : *internal.Map ) {
+                                if( !skip ) s += ",\n";
+                                s += ( pad + "\"" + p.first + "\" : " + p.second.dump( depth + 1, tab ) );
+                                skip = false;
+                              }
+                              s += ( "\n" + pad.erase( 0, 2 ) + "}" ) ;
+                              return s;
+                            }
+        case Class::Array: {
+                             std::string s = "[";
+                             bool skip = true;
+                             for( auto &p : *internal.List ) {
+                               if( !skip ) s += ", ";
+                               s += p.dump( depth + 1, tab );
+                               skip = false;
+                             }
+                             s += "]";
+                             return s;
+                           }
+        case Class::String:
+                           return "\"" + json_escape( *internal.String ) + "\"";
+        case Class::Floating:
+                           return std::to_string( internal.Float );
+        case Class::Integral:
+                           return std::to_string( internal.Int );
+        case Class::Boolean:
+                           return internal.Bool ? "true" : "false";
+      }
+
+      throw std::runtime_error("Unhandled JSON type");
+    }
+
+
+  private:
+    static std::string json_escape( const std::string &str ) {
+      std::string output;
+      for( size_t i = 0; i < str.length(); ++i )
         switch( str[i] ) {
           case '\"': output += "\\\""; break;
           case '\\': output += "\\\\"; break;
@@ -48,408 +366,34 @@ namespace {
         }
       return output;
     }
-}
 
-class JSON
-{
-    union BackingData {
-        BackingData( double d ) : Float( d ){}
-        BackingData( long   l ) : Int( l ){}
-        BackingData( bool   b ) : Bool( b ){}
-        BackingData( string s ) : String( new string( s ) ){}
-        BackingData()           : Int( 0 ){}
-
-        deque<JSON>        *List;
-        map<string,JSON>   *Map;
-        string             *String;
-        double              Float;
-        long                Int;
-        bool                Bool;
-    } Internal;
-
-    public:
-        enum class Class {
-            Null,
-            Object,
-            Array,
-            String,
-            Floating,
-            Integral,
-            Boolean
-        };
-
-        template <typename Container>
-        class JSONWrapper {
-            Container *object;
-
-            public:
-                JSONWrapper( Container *val ) : object( val ) {}
-                JSONWrapper( std::nullptr_t )  : object( nullptr ) {}
-
-                typename Container::iterator begin() { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::iterator(); }
-                typename Container::iterator end() { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::iterator(); }
-                typename Container::const_iterator begin() const { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::iterator(); }
-                typename Container::const_iterator end() const { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::iterator(); }
-        };
-
-        template <typename Container>
-        class JSONConstWrapper {
-            const Container *object;
-
-            public:
-                JSONConstWrapper( const Container *val ) : object( val ) {}
-                JSONConstWrapper( std::nullptr_t )  : object( nullptr ) {}
-
-                typename Container::const_iterator begin() const { return object ? object->begin() : typename Container::const_iterator(); }
-                typename Container::const_iterator end() const { return object ? object->end() : typename Container::const_iterator(); }
-        };
-
-        JSON() : Internal(), Type( Class::Null ){}
-
-        explicit JSON(Class type)
-            : Internal(), Type(Class::Null)
-        {
-            SetType( type );
-        }
-
-        JSON( initializer_list<JSON> list ) 
-            : Internal(), Type(Class::Null)
-        {
-            SetType( Class::Object );
-            for( auto i = list.begin(), e = list.end(); i != e; ++i, ++i )
-                operator[]( i->ToString() ) = *std::next( i );
-        }
-
-        JSON( JSON&& other )
-            : Internal( other.Internal )
-            , Type( other.Type )
-        { other.Type = Class::Null; other.Internal.Map = nullptr; }
-
-        JSON& operator=( JSON&& other ) {
-            Internal = other.Internal;
-            Type = other.Type;
-            other.Internal.Map = nullptr;
-            other.Type = Class::Null;
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        JSON( const JSON &other ) {
-            switch( other.Type ) {
-            case Class::Object:
-                Internal.Map = 
-                    new map<string,JSON>( other.Internal.Map->begin(),
-                                          other.Internal.Map->end() );
-                break;
-            case Class::Array:
-                Internal.List = 
-                    new deque<JSON>( other.Internal.List->begin(),
-                                      other.Internal.List->end() );
-                break;
-            case Class::String:
-                Internal.String = 
-                    new string( *other.Internal.String );
-                break;
-            default:
-                Internal = other.Internal;
-            }
-            Type = other.Type;
-        }
-
-        JSON& operator=( const JSON &other ) {
-            if (&other == this) return *this;
-
-            switch( other.Type ) {
-            case Class::Object:
-                Internal.Map = 
-                    new map<string,JSON>( other.Internal.Map->begin(),
-                                          other.Internal.Map->end() );
-                break;
-            case Class::Array:
-                Internal.List = 
-                    new deque<JSON>( other.Internal.List->begin(),
-                                      other.Internal.List->end() );
-                break;
-            case Class::String:
-                Internal.String = 
-                    new string( *other.Internal.String );
-                break;
-            default:
-                Internal = other.Internal;
-            }
-            Type = other.Type;
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        ~JSON() {
-            switch( Type ) {
-            case Class::Array:
-                delete Internal.List;
-                break;
-            case Class::Object:
-                delete Internal.Map;
-                break;
-            case Class::String:
-                delete Internal.String;
-                break;
-            default:;
-            }
-        }
-
-        template <typename T>
-        JSON( T b, typename enable_if<is_same<T,bool>::value>::type* = 0 ) : Internal( b ), Type( Class::Boolean ){}
-
-        template <typename T>
-        JSON( T i, typename enable_if<is_integral<T>::value && !is_same<T,bool>::value>::type* = 0 ) : Internal( long(i) ), Type( Class::Integral ){}
-
-        template <typename T>
-        JSON( T f, typename enable_if<is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* = 0 ) : Internal( double(f) ), Type( Class::Floating ){}
-
-        template <typename T>
-        JSON( T s, typename enable_if<is_convertible<T,string>::value>::type* = 0 ) : Internal( string( s ) ), Type( Class::String ){}
-
-        JSON( std::nullptr_t ) : Internal(), Type( Class::Null ){}
-
-        static JSON Make( Class type ) {
-            return JSON(type);
-        }
-
-        static JSON Load( const string & );
-
-        template <typename T>
-        void append( T arg ) {
-            SetType( Class::Array ); Internal.List->emplace_back( arg );
-        }
-
-        template <typename T, typename... U>
-        void append( T arg, U... args ) {
-            append( arg ); append( args... );
-        }
-
-        template <typename T>
-            typename enable_if<is_same<T,bool>::value, JSON&>::type operator=( T b ) {
-                SetType( Class::Boolean ); Internal.Bool = b; return *this;
-            }
-
-        template <typename T>
-            typename enable_if<is_integral<T>::value && !is_same<T,bool>::value, JSON&>::type operator=( T i ) {
-                SetType( Class::Integral ); Internal.Int = i; return *this;
-            }
-
-        template <typename T>
-            typename enable_if<is_floating_point<T>::value, JSON&>::type operator=( T f ) {
-                SetType( Class::Floating ); Internal.Float = f; return *this;
-            }
-
-        template <typename T>
-            typename enable_if<is_convertible<T,string>::value, JSON&>::type operator=( T s ) {
-                SetType( Class::String ); *Internal.String = string( s ); return *this;
-            }
-
-        JSON& operator[]( const string &key ) {
-            SetType( Class::Object ); return Internal.Map->operator[]( key );
-        }
-
-        JSON& operator[]( const size_t index ) {
-            SetType( Class::Array );
-            if( index >= Internal.List->size() ) Internal.List->resize( index + 1 );
-            return Internal.List->operator[]( index );
-        }
-
-        JSON &at( const string &key ) {
-            return operator[]( key );
-        }
-
-        const JSON &at( const string &key ) const {
-            return Internal.Map->at( key );
-        }
-
-        JSON &at( unsigned index ) {
-            return operator[]( index );
-        }
-
-        const JSON &at( unsigned index ) const {
-            return Internal.List->at( index );
-        }
-
-        int length() const {
-            if( Type == Class::Array )
-                return static_cast<int>(Internal.List->size());
-            else
-                return -1;
-        }
-
-        bool hasKey( const string &key ) const {
-            if( Type == Class::Object )
-                return Internal.Map->find( key ) != Internal.Map->end();
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        int size() const {
-            if( Type == Class::Object )
-                return static_cast<int>(Internal.Map->size());
-            else if( Type == Class::Array )
-                return static_cast<int>(Internal.List->size());
-            else
-                return -1;
-        }
-
-        Class JSONType() const { return Type; }
-
-        /// Functions for getting primitives from the JSON object.
-        bool IsNull() const { return Type == Class::Null; }
-
-        string ToString() const { bool b; return ToString( b ); }
-        string ToString( bool &ok ) const {
-            ok = (Type == Class::String);
-            return ok ? *Internal.String : string("");
-        }
-
-        double ToFloat() const { bool b; return ToFloat( b ); }
-        double ToFloat( bool &ok ) const {
-            ok = (Type == Class::Floating);
-            return ok ? Internal.Float : 0.0;
-        }
-
-        long ToInt() const { bool b; return ToInt( b ); }
-        long ToInt( bool &ok ) const {
-            ok = (Type == Class::Integral);
-            return ok ? Internal.Int : 0;
-        }
-
-        bool ToBool() const { bool b; return ToBool( b ); }
-        bool ToBool( bool &ok ) const {
-            ok = (Type == Class::Boolean);
-            return ok ? Internal.Bool : false;
-        }
-
-        JSONWrapper<map<string,JSON>> ObjectRange() {
-            if( Type == Class::Object )
-                return JSONWrapper<map<string,JSON>>( Internal.Map );
-            return JSONWrapper<map<string,JSON>>( nullptr );
-        }
-
-        JSONWrapper<deque<JSON>> ArrayRange() {
-            if( Type == Class::Array )
-                return JSONWrapper<deque<JSON>>( Internal.List );
-            return JSONWrapper<deque<JSON>>( nullptr );
-        }
-
-        JSONConstWrapper<map<string,JSON>> ObjectRange() const {
-            if( Type == Class::Object )
-                return JSONConstWrapper<map<string,JSON>>( Internal.Map );
-            return JSONConstWrapper<map<string,JSON>>( nullptr );
-        }
-
-
-        JSONConstWrapper<deque<JSON>> ArrayRange() const { 
-            if( Type == Class::Array )
-                return JSONConstWrapper<deque<JSON>>( Internal.List );
-            return JSONConstWrapper<deque<JSON>>( nullptr );
-        }
-
-        string dump( int depth = 1, string tab = "  ") const {
-            switch( Type ) {
-                case Class::Null:
-                    return "null";
-                case Class::Object: {
-                    string pad = "";
-                    for( int i = 0; i < depth; ++i, pad += tab );
-
-                    string s = "{\n";
-                    bool skip = true;
-                    for( auto &p : *Internal.Map ) {
-                        if( !skip ) s += ",\n";
-                        s += ( pad + "\"" + p.first + "\" : " + p.second.dump( depth + 1, tab ) );
-                        skip = false;
-                    }
-                    s += ( "\n" + pad.erase( 0, 2 ) + "}" ) ;
-                    return s;
-                }
-                case Class::Array: {
-                    string s = "[";
-                    bool skip = true;
-                    for( auto &p : *Internal.List ) {
-                        if( !skip ) s += ", ";
-                        s += p.dump( depth + 1, tab );
-                        skip = false;
-                    }
-                    s += "]";
-                    return s;
-                }
-                case Class::String:
-                    return "\"" + json_escape( *Internal.String ) + "\"";
-                case Class::Floating:
-                    return std::to_string( Internal.Float );
-                case Class::Integral:
-                    return std::to_string( Internal.Int );
-                case Class::Boolean:
-                    return Internal.Bool ? "true" : "false";
-            }
-
-            throw std::runtime_error("Unhandled JSON type");
-        }
-
-        friend std::ostream& operator<<( std::ostream&, const JSON & );
 
   private:
-        void SetType( Class type ) {
-            if( type == Type )
-                return;
-
-            switch( Type ) {
-            case Class::Object: delete Internal.Map;    break;
-            case Class::Array:  delete Internal.List;   break;
-            case Class::String: delete Internal.String; break;
-            default:;
-            }
-
-            switch( type ) {
-            case Class::Null:      Internal.Map    = nullptr;                break;
-            case Class::Object:    Internal.Map    = new map<string,JSON>(); break;
-            case Class::Array:     Internal.List   = new deque<JSON>();     break;
-            case Class::String:    Internal.String = new string();           break;
-            case Class::Floating:  Internal.Float  = 0.0;                    break;
-            case Class::Integral:  Internal.Int    = 0;                      break;
-            case Class::Boolean:   Internal.Bool   = false;                  break;
-            }
-
-            Type = type;
-        }
-
-    private:
-
-        Class Type;
 };
 
-JSON Array() {
-    return JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Array );
+
+struct JSONParser {
+  static bool isspace(const char c)
+  {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+    // MSVC warns on these line in some circumstances
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 6330)
+#endif
+    return ::isspace(c) != 0;
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+
   }
 
-template <typename... T>
-JSON Array( T... args ) {
-    JSON arr = JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Array );
-    arr.append( args... );
-    return arr;
+  static void consume_ws( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+    while( isspace( str[offset] ) && offset <= str.size() ) ++offset;
   }
 
-JSON Object() {
-    return JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Object );
-}
-
-std::ostream& operator<<( std::ostream &os, const JSON &json ) {
-    os << json.dump();
-    return os;
-}
-
-namespace {
-    JSON parse_next( const string &, size_t & );
-
-    void consume_ws( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
-        while( isspace( str[offset] ) ) ++offset;
-    }
-
-    JSON parse_object( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
-        JSON Object = JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Object );
+  static JSON parse_object( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+    JSON Object( JSON::Class::Object );
 
     ++offset;
     consume_ws( str, offset );
@@ -465,7 +409,7 @@ namespace {
       }
       consume_ws( str, ++offset );
       JSON Value = parse_next( str, offset );
-            Object[Key.ToString()] = Value;
+      Object[Key.to_string()] = Value;
 
       consume_ws( str, offset );
       if( str[offset] == ',' ) {
@@ -482,9 +426,9 @@ namespace {
     return Object;
   }
 
-    JSON parse_array( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
-        JSON Array = JSON::Make( JSON::Class::Array );
-        unsigned index = 0;
+  static JSON parse_array( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+    JSON Array( JSON::Class::Array );
+    size_t index = 0;
 
     ++offset;
     consume_ws( str, offset );
@@ -510,8 +454,8 @@ namespace {
     return Array;
   }
 
-    JSON parse_string( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
-        string val;
+  static JSON parse_string( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+    std::string val;
     for( char c = str[++offset]; c != '\"' ; c = str[++offset] ) {
       if( c == '\\' ) {
         switch( str[ ++offset ] ) {
@@ -525,7 +469,7 @@ namespace {
           case 't' : val += '\t'; break;
           case 'u' : {
                        val += "\\u" ;
-                    for( unsigned i = 1; i <= 4; ++i ) {
+                       for( size_t i = 1; i <= 4; ++i ) {
                          c = str[offset+i];
                          if( (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') )
                            val += c;
@@ -545,9 +489,8 @@ namespace {
     return JSON(val);
   }
 
-    JSON parse_number( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
-        JSON Number;
-        string val, exp_str;
+  static JSON parse_number( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+    std::string val, exp_str;
     char c = '\0';
     bool isDouble = false;
     long exp = 0;
@@ -578,39 +521,37 @@ namespace {
         else
           break;
       }
-            exp = std::stol( exp_str );
+      exp = chaiscript::parse_num<long>( exp_str );
     }
     else if( offset < str.size() && (!isspace( c ) && c != ',' && c != ']' && c != '}' )) {
       throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Number: unexpected character '") + c + "'");
     }
     --offset;
 
-        if( isDouble )
-            Number = std::stod( val ) * std::pow( 10, exp );
-        else {
-            if( !exp_str.empty() )
-                Number = std::stol( val ) * std::pow( 10, exp );
-            else
-                Number = std::stol( val );
+    if( isDouble ) {
+      return JSON(chaiscript::parse_num<double>( val ) * std::pow( 10, exp ));
+    } else {
+      if( !exp_str.empty() ) {
+        return JSON(static_cast<double>(chaiscript::parse_num<long>( val )) * std::pow( 10, exp ));
+      } else {
+        return JSON(chaiscript::parse_num<long>( val ));
+      }
     }
-        return Number;
   }
 
-    JSON parse_bool( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
-        JSON Bool;
+  static JSON parse_bool( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
     if( str.substr( offset, 4 ) == "true" ) {
       offset += 4;
-            Bool = true;
+      return JSON(true);
     } else if( str.substr( offset, 5 ) == "false" ) {
       offset += 5;
-            Bool = false;
+      return JSON(false);
     } else {
       throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Bool: Expected 'true' or 'false', found '") + str.substr( offset, 5 ) + "'");
     }
-        return Bool;
   }
 
-    JSON parse_null( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+  static JSON parse_null( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
     if( str.substr( offset, 4 ) != "null" ) {
       throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Null: Expected 'null', found '") + str.substr( offset, 4 ) + "'");
     }
@@ -618,7 +559,7 @@ namespace {
     return JSON();
   }
 
-    JSON parse_next( const string &str, size_t &offset ) {
+  static JSON parse_next( const std::string &str, size_t &offset ) {
     char value;
     consume_ws( str, offset );
     value = str[offset];
@@ -634,11 +575,12 @@ namespace {
     }
     throw std::runtime_error(std::string("JSON ERROR: Parse: Unexpected starting character '") + value + "'");
   }
-}
 
-JSON JSON::Load( const string &str ) {
+};
+
+inline JSON JSON::Load( const std::string &str ) {
   size_t offset = 0;
-    return parse_next( str, offset );
+  return JSONParser::parse_next( str, offset );
 }
 
 } // End Namespace json

include/chaiscript/utility/json_wrap.hpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             {
               std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m;
 
-              for (const auto &p : t_json.ObjectRange())
+              for (const auto &p : t_json.object_range())
               {
                 m.insert(std::make_pair(p.first, from_json(p.second)));
               }
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
             {
               std::vector<Boxed_Value> vec;
 
-              for (const auto &p : t_json.ArrayRange()) 
+              for (const auto &p : t_json.array_range()) 
               {
                 vec.emplace_back(from_json(p));
               }
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
               return Boxed_Value(vec);
             }
           case json::JSON::Class::String:
-            return Boxed_Value(t_json.ToString());
+            return Boxed_Value(t_json.to_string());
           case json::JSON::Class::Floating:
-            return Boxed_Value(t_json.ToFloat());
+            return Boxed_Value(t_json.to_float());
           case json::JSON::Class::Integral:
-            return Boxed_Value(t_json.ToInt());
+            return Boxed_Value(t_json.to_int());
           case json::JSON::Class::Boolean:
-            return Boxed_Value(t_json.ToBool());
+            return Boxed_Value(t_json.to_bool());
         }
 
         throw std::runtime_error("Unknown JSON type");
@@ -102,32 +102,24 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
         try {
           Boxed_Number bn(t_bv);
-          json::JSON obj;
           if (Boxed_Number::is_floating_point(t_bv))
           {
-            obj = bn.get_as<double>();
+            return json::JSON(bn.get_as<double>());
           } else {
-            obj = bn.get_as<long>();
+            return json::JSON(bn.get_as<long>());
           }
-          return obj;
         } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
           // not a number
         }
 
         try {
-          bool b = boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv);
-          json::JSON obj;
-          obj = b;
-          return obj;
+          return json::JSON(boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv));
         } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
           // not a bool
         }
 
         try {
-          std::string s = boxed_cast<std::string>(t_bv);
-          json::JSON obj;
-          obj = s;
-          return obj;
+          return json::JSON(boxed_cast<std::string>(t_bv));
         } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
           // not a string
         }

include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp

@@ -1,19 +1,21 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_UTILITY_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_UTILITY_UTILITY_HPP_
 
 #include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "../chaiscript.hpp"
 #include "../dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp"
 #include "../dispatchkit/type_info.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/operators.hpp"
 
 
 namespace chaiscript 
@@ -62,6 +64,33 @@ namespace chaiscript
           t_module.add(fun.first, fun.second);
         }
       }
+
+    template<typename Enum, typename ModuleType>
+      typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, void>::type
+      add_class(ModuleType &t_module,
+        const std::string &t_class_name,
+        const std::vector<std::pair<typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type, std::string>> &t_constants
+        )
+      {
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::user_type<Enum>(), t_class_name);
+
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::constructor<Enum ()>(), t_class_name);
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::constructor<Enum (const Enum &)>(), t_class_name);
+
+        using namespace chaiscript::bootstrap::operators;
+        t_module.add([](){
+              // add some comparison and assignment operators
+              return assign<Enum>(not_equal<Enum>(equal<Enum>()));
+            }());
+
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::fun([](const Enum &e, const int &i) { return e == i; }), "==");
+        t_module.add(chaiscript::fun([](const int &i, const Enum &e) { return i == e; }), "==");
+
+        for (const auto &constant : t_constants)
+        {
+          t_module.add_global_const(chaiscript::const_var(Enum(constant.first)), constant.second);
+        }
+      }
   }
 }
 

license.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright 2009-2015 Jason Turner
+Copyright 2009-2016 Jason Turner
 Copyright 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner. 
 
 All Rights Reserved.

performance_tests/profile_cpp_calls_2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
+
+double f(const std::string &, double, bool) noexcept {
+  return .0;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&f), "f");
+
+  chai.eval(R"(
+      for (var i = 0; i < 100000; ++i) {
+        f("str", 1.2, false);
+      }
+    )");
+
+}

performance_tests/profile_fun_wrappers.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
+
+double f(const std::string &, double, bool) noexcept {
+  return .0;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&f), "f");
+
+  const auto f = chai.eval<std::function<void ()>>(R"(fun(){ f("str", 1.2, false); })");
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 100000; ++i) {
+    f();
+  }
+
+}

readme.md

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+<a href="https://www.patreon.com/bePatron?u=2977989&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.patreon.com%2Flefticus">
+    <img height="40" width="204" src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/widget-images/become-patron-widget-medium%402x.png">
+</a>
+
+
 Master Status: [![Linux Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ChaiScript/ChaiScript.png?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ChaiScript/ChaiScript) [![Windows Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/6u3r4s81kkjqmsqw?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/lefticus/chaiscript) [![codecov.io](http://codecov.io/github/ChaiScript/ChaiScript/coverage.svg?branch=master)](http://codecov.io/github/ChaiScript/ChaiScript?branch=master)
 
 Develop Status: [![Linux Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ChaiScript/ChaiScript.png?branch=develop)](https://travis-ci.org/ChaiScript/ChaiScript) [![Windows Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/6u3r4s81kkjqmsqw/branch/develop?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/lefticus/chaiscript/branch/develop) [![codecov.io](http://codecov.io/github/ChaiScript/ChaiScript/coverage.svg?branch=develop)](http://codecov.io/github/ChaiScript/ChaiScript?branch=develop)
@@ -12,7 +17,7 @@ ChaiScript
 http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 (c) 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner
-(c) 2009-2015 Jason Turner
+(c) 2009-2016 Jason Turner
 
 Release under the BSD license, see "license.txt" for details.
 

releasenotes.md

@@ -1,6 +1,38 @@
 Notes:
 =======
-Current Version: 5.7.1
+Current Version: 5.8.2
+
+### Changes since 5.8.1
+* Allow casting to non-const & std::shared_ptr<T>
+
+
+### Changes since 5.8.0
+* Fix parsing of floats to be locale independent #250
+* Various warning fixes on various platforms
+
+
+### Changes since 5.7.1
+* Make all parser iterator operations range checked
+* Parse in-string eval statements once, not once for each execution
+* Fix parsing of operators (ie 1<-1 now parses)
+* Fix variable scoping for functors
+* Exception reduction
+* Various object lifetime fixes
+* Add JSON support for load / save #207
+* Numeric overload resolution fixes #209 
+* Fix long long #208 
+* Add octal escapes in strings #211
+* Fixed sizing of binary literals #213
+* Added support for != with bool values #217
+* Various value assignment vector fixes 
+* Fixed broken hex escape sequences from @ChristianKaeser
+* Multiply defined symbols fixes #232 @RaptorFactor
+* Add add_class<Enum> helper #233  @vrennert
+* Cheatsheet fixes #235 @mlamby
+* Fix parsing of strings inside of in-string eval statements
+* Allow lower-case global keyword
+* Enable thread-local on MSVC (should be significant performance boost)
+
 
 ### Changes since 5.7.0
 * Build time reduction

samples/factory.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp>
+
+class Entity
+{
+  public:
+    int width;
+    int height;
+    int x;
+    int y;
+    std::string name;
+
+    std::function<void (Entity &)> updater;
+
+    Entity(const int t_width, const int t_height, const int t_x, const int t_y, std::string t_name)
+      : width(t_width), height(t_height), x(t_x), y(t_y), name(std::move(t_name))
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+class Factory
+{
+  public:
+    // we may as well pass the parameters for the entity to the factory method, this does the initialization
+    // in one step.
+    Entity *make_entity(const int width, const int height, const int x, const int y, const std::string &name)
+    {
+      auto entity = entities.insert({name, Entity{width, height, x, y, name}});
+      return &(entity.first->second);
+    }
+
+    Entity *get_entity(const std::string &name)
+    {
+      return &entities.at(name);
+    }
+
+
+    // loop over all entities and all their updater function (if it exists)
+    void update_entities()
+    {
+      for (auto &entity : entities)
+      {
+        if (entity.second.updater) {
+          entity.second.updater(entity.second);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+
+  private:
+    // we cannot store the entities in a std::vector if we want to return a pointer to them,
+    // because a vector automatically resizing itself can invalidate the pointer that was returned.
+    // using a map guarantees that the memory assigned to the entity will never change, plus
+    // lets us easily look up an entity by name
+    std::map<std::string, Entity> entities;
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library());
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::width), "width");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::height), "height");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::x), "x");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::y), "y");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::name), "name");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Entity::updater), "updater");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<Entity>(), "Entity"); // this isn't strictly necessary but makes error messages nicer
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Factory::make_entity), "make_entity");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Factory::get_entity), "get_entity");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Factory::update_entities), "update_entities");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<Factory>(), "Factory"); // this isn't strictly necessary but makes error messages nicer
+
+
+  Factory f;
+  chai.add(chaiscript::var(&f), "f");
+
+  std::string script = R""(
+    f.make_entity(10,10,1,1,"entity1").updater = fun(e){ e.x += 1; e.y += 1 };
+    f.make_entity(10,10,10,10,"entity2").updater = fun(e){ e.x += 2; e.y += 2 };
+    f.make_entity(10,10,20,20,"entity3");
+
+    print(f.get_entity("entity1").x == 1)
+    print(f.get_entity("entity2").x == 10)
+    print(f.get_entity("entity3").x == 20)
+
+    f.update_entities(); // this runs the function objects we set in the previous lines
+    // we should now see the updated values
+
+    print(f.get_entity("entity1").x == 2)
+    print(f.get_entity("entity2").x == 12)
+    print(f.get_entity("entity3").x == 20) // this one has no updater, so it stays the same
+    )"";
+
+
+  chai.eval(script);
+
+
+
+}
+
+

samples/fun_call_performance.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #include <iostream>
@@ -89,24 +89,24 @@ std::vector<std::string> default_search_paths()
   std::vector<char> buf(2048);
   ssize_t size = -1;
 
-  if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/exe", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+  if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/exe", &buf.front(), buf.size())) > 0)
   {
-    exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+    exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), static_cast<size_t>(size));
   }
 
   if (exepath.empty())
   {
-    if ((size = readlink("/proc/curproc/file", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+    if ((size = readlink("/proc/curproc/file", &buf.front(), buf.size())) > 0)
     {
-      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), static_cast<size_t>(size));
     }
   }
 
   if (exepath.empty())
   {
-    if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/path/a.out", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+    if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/path/a.out", &buf.front(), buf.size())) > 0)
     {
-      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), static_cast<size_t>(size));
     }
   }
 

samples/inheritance.cpp

@@ -44,14 +44,14 @@ class ChaiScriptDerived : public BaseClass
       tie(t_funcs.at(1), m_validateValueImpl);
     }
 
-    std::string doSomething(float f, double d) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+    std::string doSomething(float f, double d) const override
     {
       assert(m_doSomethingImpl);
       return m_doSomethingImpl(*this, f, d);
     }
 
   protected:
-    bool validateValue(const std::string &t_val) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+    bool validateValue(const std::string &t_val) override
     {
       assert(m_validateValueImpl);
       return m_validateValueImpl(*this, t_val);

samples/test_num_exceptions.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ int main( int /*argc*/ , char * /*argv*/[] )
 {
   chaiscript::ChaiScript ch( chaiscript::Std_Lib::library( ) );
 
+
+  try
+  {
     static const char script[ ] =
       R""(
 
@@ -19,11 +22,10 @@ int main( int /*argc*/ , char * /*argv*/[] )
 
     )"";
 
-  try
-  {
+
     ch.eval( script );
   }
-  catch ( std::exception e )
+  catch ( const std::exception &e )
   {
     printf( " >>> Exception thrown: %s \n" , e.what( ) );
   }

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #include <iostream>
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ std::vector<std::string> default_search_paths()
 
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_WINDOWS  // force no unicode
   CHAR path[4096];
-  int size = GetModuleFileNameA(0, path, sizeof(path)-1);
+  int size = GetModuleFileNameA(nullptr, path, sizeof(path)-1);
 
   std::string exepath(path, size);
 
@@ -88,24 +88,24 @@ std::vector<std::string> default_search_paths()
   std::vector<char> buf(2048);
   ssize_t size = -1;
 
-  if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/exe", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+  if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/exe", &buf.front(), buf.size())) >= 0)
   {
-    exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+    exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), static_cast<size_t>(size));
   }
 
   if (exepath.empty())
   {
-    if ((size = readlink("/proc/curproc/file", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+    if ((size = readlink("/proc/curproc/file", &buf.front(), buf.size())) >= 0)
     {
-      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), static_cast<size_t>(size));
     }
   }
 
   if (exepath.empty())
   {
-    if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/path/a.out", &buf.front(), buf.size())) != -1)
+    if ((size = readlink("/proc/self/path/a.out", &buf.front(), buf.size())) >= 0)
     {
-      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), size);
+      exepath = std::string(&buf.front(), static_cast<size_t>(size));
     }
   }
 
@@ -344,17 +344,16 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
       mode = eFile;
     }
 
-    chaiscript::Boxed_Value val ;
     try {
       switch ( mode ) {
         case eInteractive:
           interactive(chai);
           break;
         case eCommand:
-          val = chai.eval(arg);
+          chai.eval(arg);
           break;
         case eFile:
-          val = chai.eval_file(arg);
+          chai.eval_file(arg);
       }
     }
     catch (const chaiscript::exception::eval_error &ee) {
@@ -372,6 +371,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
     }
+    catch (const chaiscript::exception::load_module_error &e) {
+      std::cout << "Unhandled module load error\n" << e.what() << '\n';
+    }
 
 //    catch (std::exception &e) {
 //      std::cout << e.what() << '\n';

src/stl_extra.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2016, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>

src/test_module.cpp

@@ -8,17 +8,9 @@
 class TestBaseType
 {
   public:
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4351)
-#endif
-    // MSVC 12 warns that we are using new (correct) behavior 
     TestBaseType() : val(10), const_val(15), mdarray{} { }
     TestBaseType(int) : val(10), const_val(15), mdarray{} { }
     TestBaseType(int *) : val(10), const_val(15), mdarray{} { }
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#pragma warning(pop)
-#endif    
 
     TestBaseType(const TestBaseType &) = default;
     virtual ~TestBaseType() {}
@@ -30,6 +22,11 @@ class TestBaseType
 
     int val;
     const int const_val;
+    const int *const_val_ptr = &const_val;
+
+    const int *get_const_val_ptr() {
+      return const_val_ptr;
+    }
 
     int mdarray[2][3][5];
     std::function<int (int)> func_member;
@@ -84,7 +81,7 @@ class TestDerivedType : public TestBaseType
     virtual ~TestDerivedType() {}
     TestDerivedType(const TestDerivedType &) = default;
     TestDerivedType() = default;
-    virtual int func() CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE { return 1; }
+    virtual int func() override { return 1; }
     int derived_only_func() { return 19; }
 
   private:
@@ -114,6 +111,16 @@ std::shared_ptr<TestBaseType> null_factory()
   return std::shared_ptr<TestBaseType>();
 }
 
+void update_shared_ptr(std::shared_ptr<TestBaseType> &ptr)
+{
+  ptr = std::make_shared<TestDerivedType>();
+}
+
+void nullify_shared_ptr(std::shared_ptr<TestBaseType> &ptr)
+{
+  ptr = nullptr;
+}
+
 std::string hello_world()
 {
   return "Hello World";
@@ -176,19 +183,15 @@ CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT  chaiscript::ModulePtr create_chaiscript_module_test_mo
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::func), "func");
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::val), "val");
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::const_val), "const_val");
+  m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::const_val_ptr), "const_val_ptr");
+  m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::get_const_val_ptr), "get_const_val_ptr");
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::base_only_func), "base_only_func");
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::set_string_val), "set_string_val");
 
-#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-  // we cannot support these in MSVC_12 because of a bug in the implementation of
-  // std::reference_wrapper
-  // Array types
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::mdarray), "mdarray");
   m->add(chaiscript::bootstrap::array<int[2][3][5]>("IntArray_2_3_5"));
   m->add(chaiscript::bootstrap::array<int[3][5]>("IntArray_3_5"));
   m->add(chaiscript::bootstrap::array<int[5]>("IntArray_5"));
-  // end array types
-#endif
 
   // member that is a function
   m->add(chaiscript::fun(&TestBaseType::func_member), "func_member");
@@ -209,6 +212,10 @@ CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT  chaiscript::ModulePtr create_chaiscript_module_test_mo
   m->add(chaiscript::type_conversion<const char *, std::string>());
   m->add(chaiscript::constructor<Type2 (const TestBaseType &)>(), "Type2");
 
+  m->add(chaiscript::fun(&update_shared_ptr), "update_shared_ptr");
+  m->add(chaiscript::fun(&nullify_shared_ptr), "nullify_shared_ptr");
+
+
   return m;
 }
 

supporters.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+

unittests/array_access.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+var v = [[[15]]]
+
+assert_true(v[0][0][0] == 15)

unittests/boxed_cast_test.cpp

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ bool run_test_type_conversion(const Boxed_Value &bv, bool expectedpass)
   try {
     To ret = chaiscript::boxed_cast<To>(bv);
     use(ret);
-  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &/*e*/) {
+  } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &e) {
     if (expectedpass) {
-//      std::cerr << "Failure in run_test_type_conversion: " << e.what() << '\n';
+      std::cerr << "Failure in run_test_type_conversion: " << e.what() << '\n';
       return false;
     } else {
       return true;
@@ -54,12 +54,13 @@ bool test_type_conversion(const Boxed_Value &bv, bool expectedpass)
 }
 
 template<typename Type>
-bool do_test(const Boxed_Value &bv, bool T, bool ConstT, bool TRef, bool ConstTRef, bool TPtr, bool ConstTPtr, bool TPtrConst,
-    bool ConstTPtrConst, bool SharedPtrT, bool SharedConstPtrT,
-    bool ConstSharedPtrT, bool ConstSharedConstPtrT, bool ConstSharedPtrTRef, bool ConstSharedPtrTConstRef,
-    bool WrappedRef, bool WrappedConstRef, bool ConstWrappedRef, bool ConstWrappedConstRef,
-    bool ConstWrappedRefRef, bool ConstWrappedConstRefRef, bool Number,
-    bool ConstNumber, bool ConstNumberRef, bool TPtrConstRef, bool ConstTPtrConstRef)
+bool do_test(const Boxed_Value &bv, 
+    bool T, bool ConstT, bool TRef, bool ConstTRef, bool TPtr, 
+    bool ConstTPtr, bool TPtrConst, bool ConstTPtrConst, bool SharedPtrT, bool SharedConstPtrT, 
+    bool SharedPtrTRef, bool ConstSharedPtrT, bool ConstSharedConstPtrT, bool ConstSharedPtrTRef, bool ConstSharedPtrTConstRef,
+    bool WrappedRef, bool WrappedConstRef, bool ConstWrappedRef, bool ConstWrappedConstRef, bool ConstWrappedRefRef, 
+    bool ConstWrappedConstRefRef, bool Number, bool ConstNumber, bool ConstNumberRef, bool TPtrConstRef, 
+    bool ConstTPtrConstRef)
 {
   bool passed = true;
   passed &= test_type_conversion<Type>(bv, T);
@@ -72,8 +73,8 @@ bool do_test(const Boxed_Value &bv, bool T, bool ConstT, bool TRef, bool ConstTR
   passed &= test_type_conversion<const Type * const>(bv, ConstTPtrConst);
   passed &= test_type_conversion<std::shared_ptr<Type> >(bv, SharedPtrT);
   passed &= test_type_conversion<std::shared_ptr<const Type> >(bv, SharedConstPtrT);
-  passed &= test_type_conversion<std::shared_ptr<Type> &>(bv, false);
-  passed &= test_type_conversion<std::shared_ptr<const Type> &>(bv, false);
+  passed &= test_type_conversion<std::shared_ptr<Type> &>(bv, SharedPtrTRef);
+  //passed &= test_type_conversion<std::shared_ptr<const Type> &>(bv, false);
   passed &= test_type_conversion<const std::shared_ptr<Type> >(bv, ConstSharedPtrT);
   passed &= test_type_conversion<const std::shared_ptr<const Type> >(bv, ConstSharedConstPtrT);
   passed &= test_type_conversion<const std::shared_ptr<Type> &>(bv, ConstSharedPtrTRef);
@@ -115,37 +116,37 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
   T i = T(initial);
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(i), true, true, true, true, true, 
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
-                                 true, true, true, true, true,
+                                 true, true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(i), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       false, true, false, true, false,
+                                       false, false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(&i), true, true, true, true, true, 
                                  true, true, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, true,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(&i), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, false,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(std::ref(i)), true, true, true, true, true, 
                                  true, true, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, true,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(std::cref(i)), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, false,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
@@ -156,33 +157,33 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(i), true, true, true, true, true, 
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
-                                 true, true, true, true, true,
+                                 true, true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   // But a pointer or reference to it should be necessarily const
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(&ir), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, false,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(std::ref(ir)), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, false,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   // Make sure const of const works too
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(&ir), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, false,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(std::ref(ir)), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, false,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
@@ -192,46 +193,46 @@ bool built_in_type_test(const T &initial, bool ispod)
   const T*cip = &i;
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(cip), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, false,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   // make sure const of const works
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(cip), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                  true, false, true, false, false,
-                                 false, false, false, false, false,
+                                 false, false, false, false, false, false,
                                  true, false, true, false, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   /** shared_ptr tests **/
 
-  std::shared_ptr<T> ip(new T(initial));
+  auto ip = std::make_shared<T>(initial);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(ip), true, true, true, true, true, 
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
-                                 true, true, true, true, true,
+                                 true, true, true, true, true, true,
                                  true, true, true, true, true,
                                  ispod, ispod, ispod, true, true);
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(ip), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       false, true, false, true, false,
+                                       false, false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   /** const shared_ptr tests **/
-  std::shared_ptr<const T> ipc(new T(initial));
+  auto ipc = std::make_shared<const T>(T(initial));
 
   passed &= do_test<T>(var(ipc), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       false, true, false, true, false,
+                                       false, false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 
   // const of this should be the same, making sure it compiles
   passed &= do_test<T>(const_var(ipc), true, true, false, true, false, 
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
-                                       false, true, false, true, false,
+                                       false, false, true, false, true, false,
                                        true, false, true, false, true,
                                        ispod, ispod, ispod, false, true);
 

unittests/compiled_tests.cpp

@@ -1,32 +1,31 @@
 // All of these are necessary because of catch.hpp. It's OK, they'll be
 // caught in other cpp files if chaiscript causes them
 
-#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
 #pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4190 4640 28251 4702 6330)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4062 4242 4640 4702 6330 28251)
 #endif
 
+
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
-#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow"
-#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wold-style-cast"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunknown-pragmas"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wparentheses"
 #endif
 
-#ifdef __llvm__
-#pragma clang diagnostic push
-#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wreturn-type-c-linkage"
-#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wold-style-cast"
-#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
-#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
-#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunreachable-code"
-#endif
+
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp>
+#include <chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp>
+
 
 
 
 #define CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
 
+#include <clocale>
+
 #include "catch.hpp"
 
 // lambda_tests
@@ -396,7 +395,7 @@ class Short_Comparison_Test {
  public:
   Short_Comparison_Test() : value_(5) {}
 
-  short get_value() { return value_; }
+  short get_value() const { return value_; }
 
   short value_;
 };
@@ -518,6 +517,65 @@ TEST_CASE("Utility_Test utility class wrapper")
 }
 
 
+enum Utility_Test_Numbers
+{
+  ONE,
+  TWO,
+  THREE
+};
+
+void do_something_with_enum_vector(const std::vector<Utility_Test_Numbers> &v)
+{
+  CHECK(v.size() == 3);
+  CHECK(v[0] == ONE);
+  CHECK(v[1] == THREE);
+  CHECK(v[2] == TWO);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Utility_Test utility class wrapper for enum")
+{
+
+  chaiscript::ModulePtr m = chaiscript::ModulePtr(new chaiscript::Module());
+
+  using namespace chaiscript;
+
+  chaiscript::utility::add_class<Utility_Test_Numbers>(*m,
+      "Utility_Test_Numbers",
+      { { ONE, "ONE" },
+        { TWO, "TWO" },
+        { THREE, "THREE" }
+
+        }
+      );
+
+
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.add(m);
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<Utility_Test_Numbers>("ONE ") == 0);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<Utility_Test_Numbers>("TWO ") == 1);
+  CHECK(chai.eval<Utility_Test_Numbers>("THREE ") == 2);
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<bool>("ONE == 0"));
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&do_something_with_enum_vector), "do_something_with_enum_vector");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::vector_conversion<std::vector<Utility_Test_Numbers>>());
+  CHECK_NOTHROW(chai.eval("var a = [ONE, TWO, THREE]"));
+  CHECK_NOTHROW(chai.eval("do_something_with_enum_vector([ONE, THREE, TWO])"));
+  CHECK_NOTHROW(chai.eval("[ONE]"));
+
+  const auto v = chai.eval<std::vector<Utility_Test_Numbers>>("a");
+  CHECK(v.size() == 3);
+  CHECK(v.at(1) == TWO);
+
+  CHECK(chai.eval<bool>("ONE == ONE"));
+  CHECK(chai.eval<bool>("ONE != TWO"));
+  CHECK_NOTHROW(chai.eval("var o = ONE; o = TWO"));
+
+
+}
+
+
 ////// Object copy count test
 
 class Object_Copy_Count_Test
@@ -802,3 +860,94 @@ TEST_CASE("Test long long dispatch")
   chai.eval("ulonglong(15)");
 }
 
+
+struct Returned_Converted_Config
+{
+  int num_iterations;
+  int something_else;
+  std::string a_string;
+  std::function<int (const std::string &)> a_function;
+};
+
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Return of converted type from script")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::constructor<Returned_Converted_Config ()>(), "Returned_Converted_Config");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Returned_Converted_Config::num_iterations), "num_iterations");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Returned_Converted_Config::something_else), "something_else");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Returned_Converted_Config::a_string), "a_string");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&Returned_Converted_Config::a_function), "a_function");
+  chai.add(chaiscript::vector_conversion<std::vector<Returned_Converted_Config>>());
+
+  auto c = chai.eval<std::vector<Returned_Converted_Config>>(R"(
+    var c = Returned_Converted_Config();
+
+    c.num_iterations = 5;
+    c.something_else = c.num_iterations * 2;
+    c.a_string = "string";
+    c.a_function = fun(s) { s.size(); }
+
+    print("making vector");
+    var v = [];
+    print("adding config item");
+    v.push_back_ref(c);
+    print("returning vector");
+    v;
+
+  )");
+
+
+  std::cout << typeid(decltype(c)).name() << std::endl;
+
+  std::cout << "Info: " << c.size() << " " << &c[0] << std::endl;
+
+  std::cout << "num_iterations " << c[0].num_iterations << '\n'
+            << "something_else " << c[0].something_else << '\n'
+            << "a_string " << c[0].a_string << '\n'
+            << "a_function " << c[0].a_function("bob") << '\n';
+
+  chai.add(chaiscript::user_type<Returned_Converted_Config>(), "Returned_Converted_Config");
+}
+
+
+int get_value_a(const std::map<std::string, int> &t_m)
+{
+  return t_m.at("a");
+}
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Map conversions")
+{
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  chai.add(chaiscript::map_conversion<std::map<std::string, int>>());
+  chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&get_value_a), "get_value_a");
+
+  const auto c = chai.eval<int>(R"(
+    var m = ["a": 42];
+    get_value_a(m);
+  )");
+
+  CHECK(c == 42);
+}
+
+
+TEST_CASE("Parse floats with non-posix locale")
+{
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+  std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en-ZA");
+#else
+  std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_ZA.utf8");
+#endif
+  chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+  const double parsed = chai.eval<double>("print(1.3); 1.3");
+  CHECK(parsed == Approx(1.3));
+  const std::string str = chai.eval<std::string>("to_string(1.3)");
+  CHECK(str == "1.3");
+}
+
+
+
+

unittests/dynamic_object_assignment.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+class MyClass
+{
+  def MyClass()
+  {
+    this.x = 2;
+  }
+
+  var x;
+}
+
+
+var o = MyClass();
+var o2 = MyClass();
+
+o2.x = 5;
+o = o2;
+
+assert_true(o.x == 5)
+assert_true(o == o2)
+
+o2.x = 3;
+
+print(o2.x);
+print(o.x);
+
+assert_true(o != o2)

unittests/global_in_script.chai

@@ -8,3 +8,17 @@ def myFun()
 }
 
 myFun();
+
+
+def myFun2()
+{
+  assert_equal(j, 7)
+}
+
+set_global(7, "j")
+
+myFun2();
+
+set_global(5, "j")
+
+myFun();

unittests/global_lcase.chai

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Test global 
+
+global g = 3;
+assert_true(g == 3);
+
+var v := g;
+assert_true(v == 3);
+
+global g = 2;
+assert_true(g == 2);
+assert_true(v == 2);
+
+def f() {
+  assert_true(g == 2);
+}
+
+f();
+

unittests/hex_escapes.chai

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 
 assert_equal("\x39", "9")
-assert_equal("\x039", "9")
+assert_equal("\x39ec", "9ec")
 assert_equal("\x39g", "9g")
 assert_equal("b\x39g", "b9g")
+assert_equal("\x39\x38g", "98g")
 

unittests/instring_eval_with_string.chai

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+assert_equal("a string", "${"a string"}")

unittests/list_push_back.chai

@@ -8,7 +8,5 @@ assert_equal(3, x.front());
 assert_equal("A", x.back());
 
 
-// push_back newly constructed return value that's non-copyable
-x.push_back(async(fun(){}))
 
 

unittests/map.chai

@@ -1,7 +1,18 @@
+// Map function
+
+{ 
   assert_equal([true, false, true], map([1,2,3], odd))
 
+  var v = [1, 2, 3];
+  var y = map(v, fun(s) { s*2; });
+  y[0] = 1;
+  assert_equal(1, y[0]);
+} 
 
 
+// Map objects
+
+{
   var m = ["a":1, "b":2];
 
   assert_equal(1, m.count("a"))
@@ -27,3 +38,4 @@ m.insert_ref(Map_Pair("d", v))
   assert_equal("bob", m["d"])
   v = "bob2"
   assert_equal("bob2", m["d"])
+}

unittests/member_variable_access.chai

@@ -8,4 +8,6 @@ assert_equal(13, t0.val)
 assert_equal(15, t0.constMe().const_val)
 assert_equal(13, t0.constMe().val)
 
+assert_equal(15, t0.get_const_val_ptr())
+assert_equal(15, t0.const_val_ptr)